When submitting an article to the Journal of Baltic Studies, please ensure that all articles are formatted to conform to the guidelines below. Please do not hesitate to contact the Editorial Office if you are unsure of any style points or if you have any queries.

Editor:
Dr. David Smith
Department of Central and East European Studies
8 Lilybank Gardens
Bute Gardens, Glasgow, G12 8RZ
Scotland, UK
Tel: 44 141 3305254
Fax: 44 141 3305594
d.j.smith@lbss.gla.ac.uk

Manuscripts:
Ms Sarah Lennon
Department of Central and East European Studies
University of Glasgow
Hetherington Building
Bute Gardens, Glasgow, G12 8RS
Scotland, UK
Tel: 44 141 3305254
Fax: 44 141 3305594
s.lennon@lbss.gla.ac.uk

Journal of Baltic Studies, the official journal of the Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies (AABS), is a peer-reviewed multidisciplinary journal dedicated to advancing the knowledge about all aspects of the Baltic Sea Region’s political, social, economic, and cultural life, past and present. Preference is given to original contributions that are of general scholarly interest.

Two hard copies and one electronic version of your article should be submitted to the Editorial Office by post and e-mail. To facilitate double-blind peer review, the author’s name and affiliation should appear only on a separate title page. The standard length of articles is 5,000-10,000 words, not including references. Articles should be submitted in Times New Roman 12 point, and all text should be double spaced. All manuscripts must be written in English; authors whose English is non-native are encouraged to have their manuscript reviewed for language before submission.

Title Page:

• Each manuscript must have a title page that includes the title, authors’ names, institutions of origin, addresses, telephone/fax numbers and e-mail addresses.
• Authors should provide a short biographical note (including e-mail address) of approximately 50 words.

Abstract:

• Please include a brief abstract of no more than 100 words.

Endnotes:

• Endnotes should be used sparingly, and should only be used for citation purposes in the case of non-standard references, such as archival sources, websites, interviews, etc. Otherwise follow the Harvard system of in-text references.
• Endnotes should be numbered sequentially as superscript Arabic numerals in the appropriate positions in the text.
• Endnote numbers should be placed after punctuation.

Tables and Figures:

• Tables and figures must be prepared on separate pages and not included as part of the main text.
• Tables and figures should be numbered consecutively by Arabic numerals.
• The approximate position of tables and figures should be indicated in the manuscript.
• Captions should include keys to symbols and should be grouped together.
• All tables must have title legends.
• Figures will not normally be redrawn by the publisher and authors are requested to supply professionally drawn copies suitable for printing.
• Artwork should also be sent in electronic form with the article.
• Please note that Journal of Baltic Studies cannot print figures in colour.

References should use the Harvard system for published works, i.e. author's name, date of publication, and page numbers (if required) in brackets in the text, e.g. ‘Galbreath (2005, pp. 141-42) suggested that …’ and ‘recent studies have shown that … (Aleksashenko 1999, p.79; Raun 1997; Hinkle 2006, pp. 49-52)’

• If reference is made to more than one publication by an author in the same year this should be indicated by lower case letters in alphabetical order immediately after the year of publication. Full details should then be provided in a section under the heading References at the end of the manuscript, giving author's last name and initials, date of publication, and for books, title of book, place of publication and publisher; for articles, name of journal, volume and issue numbers.
• Titles of journals should be given in full.
• References to works that are themselves of historical significance should have the date of first publication in the text and the list of references, with a supplementary note if page references are made to a later edition.
• Endnotes should be used for references to archival material, interviews/personal correspondence, websites and non-standard reference material.

Reference examples:

Books, Monographs
Galbreath, D. J. (2005) Nation-Building and Minority Politics in Post-Socialist States: Interests, Influence and Identities in Estonia and Latvia (Stuttgart, ibidem-Verlag).

Aleksashenko, S.V. (1999) Bitva za rubl’ (Moscow, Alma Mater).

Edited volumes
Bremmer, I & Taras R. (eds) (1997) New States, New Politics. Building the Post-Soviet Nations. (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press).

Chapters in edited volumes
Raun, T. (1997) ‘Estonia: Independence Redefined’, in Bremmer, I & Taras R. (eds) (1997)

Articles in journals with volume numbers (most Western journals)
Hinkle, M. (2006) ‘Latvian-Americans in the Post-Soviet Era: Cultural Factors on Return Migration in Oral History Interviews’, Journal of Baltic Studies, 37, 1, Spring.

Articles in journals without volume numbers
Jaskiernia, J. (1994) ‘Regulacja prawna procedur parlamentarnych’, Panstwo i Prawo, 12.

Newspaper articles
Financial Times (1998) 18 August.

Nemtsov, B. (1998) ‘Budushchee Rossii’, Nezavisimaya gazeta, 17 March.

Institutional authors
WHO (2006) World Health Statistics (Geneva, World Health Organisation).

Working papers
Holm, U. & Joenniemi. P. (2001) North South and the Figure of Europe: Changing Relationships, Working Paper 11 (Copenhagen, Copenhagen Peace Research Institute).

Work of historical significance
Smith, A. (1776) The Wealth of Nations (the reference is to the 1974 edition, Harmondsworth, Penguin)

Conference proceedings
Skutnabb-Kangas, T. (1992) ‘Linguistic Human Rights in Education’, in Language Policy in the Baltic States. Riga, December 17–19 1992. (Riga, Garā pupa).

Websites
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Latvia. Relations between Latvia and Japan. 12 December 2003, available at: http://www.am.gov.lv/en/policy/bilateral-relations/4542/Japan, accessed 25 January 2005.

Please take note of the following conventions adopted by Journal of Baltic Studies when preparing your manuscript.

• All non-English words should be in italic script, and along with all non-English names, they should be spelled with accents and diacritical marks included. Languages native to the Baltic region shall be rendered in the full orthographic shape, including diacritics and special letters.
• Use italics for titles of books, plays, journals, transliterated matter.
• All numbers greater than 10 should be expressed in numerical form rather than in words.
• Please use symbols for %, $, € and £.
• Where interviews or personal correspondence is mentioned, authors should provide name of interviewee (or anonymous), date of interview/correspondence and location of interview.
• Where websites or online sources are cited, authors should provide as many details as possible, including URL, information on authorship, year of publication, title of document/report and date accessed.
• Journal of Baltic Studies uses US English.
• Quoted matter up to 50 words or so maybe included in the main text using single quotes (double quotes within quotes). Displayed quotes of more than 50 words are indented from the text and do not require quotes.
• An ellipsis ( … ) within continuous text is usually indicated by three points, a fourth should be added at the end if the ellipsis finishes a sentence.
• The expressions in litt., op. cit. and ibid. should be avoided wherever possible, however these expressions may be appropriate where large numbers of non-standard references are used in endnotes, for example archival sources, websites, etc.
• Minimal hyphenation is preferred.
• Abbreviations should be given in full at first mention, followed by the abbreviation in brackets.
• For number sequences, use the format 127-38, 137-8, 296-301, etc.
• North Atlantic, northern Atlantic, the West, western Europe.

The author is responsible for obtaining permission in writing to quote copyrighted material and must pay all fees for the use of such material before submitting the manuscript for consideration.

Following notice of acceptance, the author will be asked to incorporate recommendations for change in a final version to be submitted on diskette or as an e-mail attachment in Microsoft Word.

Journal of Baltic Studies uses a system of transliteration from Russian, adapted from the BGN/PCGN system. Please refer to the table below. Exceptions may be made for names of well-known people where a different spelling has become conventional e.g. Yeltsin, Trotsky.

Russian letter or letter combination	English transliteration
А (а)	A (a)
Б (б)	B (b)
В (в)	V (v)
Г (г)	G (g)
Д (д)	D (d)
Е (е)	E (e)
Ё (ё)	E (e)
Ж (ж)	Zh (zh)
З (з)	Z (z)
И (и)	I (i)
Й (й)	I (i)
К (к)	K (k)
Л (л)	L (l)
М (м)	M (m)
Н (н)	N (n)
О (о)	O (o)
П (п)	P (p)
Р (р)	R (r)
С (с)	S (s)
Т (т)	T (t)
У (у)	U (u)
Ф (ф)	F (f)
Х (х)	Kh (kh)
Ц (ц)	Ts (ts)
Ч (ч)	Ch (ch)
Ш (ш)	Sh (sh)
Щ (щ)	Shch (shch)
ъ (твёрдый знак)	"
Ы (ы)	Y (y)
ь (мягкий знак)	'
Э (э)	E (e)
Ю (ю)	Yu (yu)
Я (я)	Ya (ya)