Follow-up from Evan
- Biodiesel composition. It is true that dispensers labeled B-95 can also
be labeled B-100. It is true that, at least 18 months ago some local
biodiesel dispensers were vending TRULY 100% biodiesel (e.g. zero percent
petroleum product). And some could still be doing so. But it is also true
that virtually all biodiesel now marketed in our area has 1-5% petroleum
diesel added. HOW CAN THIS BE? Here is what I have learned. Before
January 2005 there were no rigid standards on commercial biodiesel.
Venders sold pretty much the purity they wanted to sell. In early 2005
Congress passed the “Jobs Bill” which contained some tax
provisions influencing biodiesel fuel. Tax incentives for biodiesel were
included in the bill but under the stipulation that it applied to a
“blend”, meaning a percentage of petroleum fuel. Since
then, most venders have opted for the tax incentive but have been obliged
to sell a “blend”. To keep the additive to a minimum, they
have opted to consider it an “additive”, which technically
is anything 5% or less of the total volume. So the product can legally be
sold as “100% biodiesel” but with 5%
“additive” and still qualify for tax credit as a
“blend”. So that is what is going on. My vender, Dr.
Dan’s Alternative Fuelwerks in Ballard, claims that their mix is
1% petroleum at this time. No one seems to know, not even the IRS, where
the “blend” stipulation originated or why. It is possible,
it seems, that it may have originated from inappropriate wording in the
bill based on misinformation. THERE IS NO TECHNICAL REASON WHY ANY DIESEL
VEHICLE CANNOT RUN ON TRULY 100% BIODIESEL. The current situation is
likely a legal anomaly and could change. (The 1% petroleum diesel
explains the slight gasoline aftertaste in my “B-100”
sample.)
- Data. Here is a link to the EPA’s Comprehensive Analysis of
Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions (2002), http://www.epa.gov/otaq/models/biodsl.htm.
Although a few years old, I have not seen a more broad study. It provides
at least provisional science-based answers to most questions on
emissions. Included is a graph which addresses the particulate emissions
issue raised by Dee. B-100 particulate matter (PM, or soot) score is
about 47% lower than petroleum diesel. I have also read anecdotal
information that biodiesel emission particulates are something like
“90% less carcinogenic” but I have not seen the actual
data. Such figures must always be interpreted with the
“blend” factor in mind, since much of the biodiesel now
sold is B-20, B-80, etc., not pure. Unfortunately, data reported out of
context of the original research often confuses this issue.
- Biodiesel Filling Stations. A friend in Santa Cruz told me last month
that biodiesel is now being sold at commercial retail drive-up pumps
there. I don’t know if this is the first area on the West Coast to
do so but I suspect we will see it soon here in the Puget Sound.
- Bottom Line. As sustainabloids, we have a modified bottom line but
dollars still count. The recent upsurge in petroleum prices a few weeks
ago once again made biodiesel more affordable than regular diesel, even
though the price of biodiesel also went up a little. I was saving between
$0.10 to $0.40 per gallon. Now the price of petroleum as rolled down a
bit but it will go up again soon no doubt.