Chapter 3: "NAFTA's Winners and Losers: Downward Harmonization and Economic Stability," David Cagen

  1. Simon, Jim. "Canada Savors its Hard-won New Prosperity." The Seattle Times. 23 November 1997.
  2. ibid.
  3. Belous, Richard S. and Jonathan Lemco, eds. NAFTA as a Model of Development. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press, 1995: page 23.
  4. ibid.
  5. Wood, Adrian. North-South Trade, Employment and Inequality. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994: page 30.
  6. Belous, op. cit.
  7. Heredia, Carlos A. "Downward Mobility, Mexican Workers After NAFTA." NACLA Report on the Americas: Nov./Dec. 1996: page 35.
  8. ibid.
  9. Poitras, Guy and Raymond Robinson. "The Politics of NAFTA in Mexico." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs. 36(1) page 5.
  10. Heredia, op. cit. Page 35.
  11. Browne, Harry, Beth Sims, and Tom Barry. For Richer, for Poorer: Shaping U.S. Mexican Integration. Albuquerque, New Mexico: Resource Center Press, 1994: pages 32-33.
  12. Randall, Stephen J., and Herman W. Konrad eds. NAFTA In Transition. Calgary: University of Calgary Press 1995: pages 74-75.
  13. Wood, op. cit. Pages 3-4.
  14. Carlisle, Charles R. "Is the Worlds Ready for Free Trade?" Foreign Affairs. 75(6): page 117.
  15. Browne, op. cit. Page 14.
  16. McAlmon, George. "Is Free Trade Enslaving Mexican Workers?" Business and Society Review. Fall 1995 (95): page 37.
  17. Suranovic, Steven. "Why Economists Should Study Fairness." Challenge. 19 September 1997: page 3. http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/document?_ansset=
  18. Burtless, Gary. "International Trade and the Rise in Earnings Inequality." Journal of Economic Literature 33 (June 1995): page 80-801.
  19. "Symbolic-analytic services, the third job category, include all the problem-solving, problem-identifying, and strategic-brokering activities we have examined" Reich, Robert. The Work of Nations. New York: Vintage Press, 1992: page 177.
  20. ibid. pages 212, 221.
  21. ibid. page 209.
  22. Poitras, op. cit. Page 33.
  23. Burtless, Gary. Interview. Challenge. Nov./Dec. 1995: page 5.
  24. "Two Tails of Trade." The Economist. 19 July 1997: page 68.
  25. Burtless, op. cit. Page 801.
  26. "This means figuring out how much skilled and unskilled labour is required to produce the goods that are exported to the South, and how much would have been required to produce domestically the goods that are imported from the South. The effect of trade is then estimated as the difference in skilled and unskilled labour content between exports and imports." Wood, op. cit. Page 9.
  27. Merrett, op. cit. Page 26.
  28. Wood, op. cit. Page 9.
  29. Ibid. Page 11.
  30. Burtless, op. cit. Challenge, page 6.
  31. Browne, op. cit. Page 61.
  32. Ibid.
  33. Merritt, Christopher D. Free Trade: Neither Free Nor About Trade. Montreal: Black Rose Books, 1996: page 23.
  34. Browne, op. cit. Page 75.
  35. Merrett, op. cit. Page 26.
  36. 1997 Letter from Citizens Groups in Chile, Mexico, the United States and Canada. Public Citizen 26 February 1996 http://www.citizen.org/pctrade/nafta/chile/signon.html
  37. Berlous, op. cit. Page 150.
  38. Heredia, op. cit. Page 35.
  39. Poitras, op. cit. Page 7.
  40. ibid.
  41. Simon, op. cit,
  42. Belous, op. cit. Page 141.
  43. Reich, op. cit. Page 224.
  44. Heredia, op. cit. Page 35.
  45. Sierra Club Home Page. <http://www.sierraclub.org/trade/>
  46. Browne, op. cit. Page 23.
  47. Reich, op. cit. Page 2.
  48. Suranovic, op. cit. Page 2.
  49. Heredia, op. cit. Page 35.
  50. McAlmon, op. cit. Page 37.
  51. Brown, op. cit. Page 24.
  52. Corchado, Alfredo, "Growing pains," The Dallas Morning News 30 April 1997
  53. Browne, op. cit. Page 75.
  54. "Two Tales of Trade." Op. cit.
  55. Cassen, Bernard. "To Save Society." Le Monde Diplomatique. http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/md/dossiers/ft/dbcass2.html
  56. Cassen, ibid.
  57. Anders, George. "Heading South: U.S. Companies Plan Major Moves into Mexico." Wall Street Journal 24 September, 1992.
  58. Quoted in Merrett, page 175 (footnote #86.)
  59. Suranovic, op. cit. Page 3. Italics included by Cagen.
  60. ibid. Page 4.
  61. ibid.
  62. Dewar, Helen. "Florida Torn Over 'Fast-Track' Trade-Offs: Agricultural and Political Pressures Keep State Straddling the Fence on Global Commerce." The Washington Post. 29 November 1997.
  63. ibid.
  64. ibid.
  65. ibid.
  66. Browne, op. cit. Page 70.
  67. Kantor, Mickey. "A Matter of Leadership" The Washington Post. 14 September 1997 http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/document?_ansset=
  68. Browne, op. cit. page 71.
  69. Kuttner, op. cit. page 1.
  70. Seligman, Daniel. "Q: Should Congress grant Bill Clinton fast track authority? No: Forge a trade agenda that puts the environment and labor on par with business rights." The Washington Times. 14 October 1997.
  71. ibid.
  72. "Since NAFTA went into effect, the U.S. and Mexican National Administrative Offices that administer the side agreement have handled about 20 formal complaints' however, Sony and Mexico were not subject to sanctions and no workers were reinstated." Sharrock, Tim. "NAFTA side agreement slips into the fast-track spotlight: Today's meeting takes on new significance." Journal of Commerce. 18 September 1997: http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/document?_ansett=
  73. Handelman, Stephen. "Where's the free flow of human rights under NAFTA?" The Toronto Star. 13 January 1998.
  74. Collier, Robert. "Labor Problems Haunt New Trade Debate." The San Francisco Chronicle. 10 September 1997: page 2.