Title


INDEX.

A.

AGRICULTURE:
  • cattle and sheep, 78, 79.
  • cereals, nature, growth, and trade in, 6, 11, 31, 70, 76, 77.
    • yield, and estimates of cost of growing, 76, 78.
  • cheese and dairy products, 79.
  • college (agricultural) of Ferestreu, 80-82.
  • education, agricultural, 80.
  • farming, slovenly, 6, and note.
  • flowers and fruits, 11, 12.
  • implements of husbandry, 13, 75, 76.
  • labourers, wages of, 13.
  • landlordism in Roumania, 84, 85.
  • land reforms, comparison between Roumanian and Irish, 85, 86.
  • peasantry, character and condition of, 85, 86.
  • peasant proprietary, history of the, 82-84, and Appendix IV.
  • rotation of crops, 75.
  • soil, nature and capabilities of, 6, 17, 75, 79.
  • statistics of occupations, 87.
Archeology :
  • collections in the Academy at Bucaiest, 42.
  • Constantine's bridge, 27.
  • Curtea d'Ardges, cathedral of, 27, 58-65.
    • its traditions and true history, 62-65.
  • Gothic remains in Roumania, 27.
  • Roman remains in Roumania, 26, 27.
    • roads in Roumania, Transylvania, and Bulgaria, 26.
  • Trajan's bridge, 23, 24.
    • road on the Danube, 23.
    • Tablet, 21, 23-25.

B.

BIOGRAPHY (see Appendix V. ' List of Works ').

Biography:
  • Bassarab, Matthew, 201.
  • Brancovano (Wallachia), 203, 206.
  • Bratiano, M., 223, 265, 266.
  • Cantemir (Moldavia), 204.
  • Charles I., prince and king, 16, 17, 233-52, 258-60 (see ' History Couza, Prince, 229-32 (see ' History').
  • Decebalus, 119 et seq.
  • Elisabeth, princess and queen, 55, 92.
    • marriage, 257.
    • personal description of, 260, 261.
    • verses by, 261 note.
  • Heliade, 221, 222, 223.
  • Hunniad, Johann Corvin von, 167-69.
  • Mavrocordato, Nicholas and Constantine, 208, 209,
  • Mavrogeni, Nicholas, 214, 215, 218.
  • Michael the Brave, 175, 176-98.
  • Mircea the Old, 164-67.
  • Rosetti, C. A., 223, 263-65.
  • Madame, 262, 263.
  • Serban II. (Cantacuzene), 64, 202, 203.
  • Stephen, called the Good, 170, 173.
  • Trajan, 122 et seq.
  • Vladimiresco, 219.
  • Ypsilanti, 219, 220.
Botany:
  • Ferestreu, plants cultivated at, 80.
  • garden flowers and fruits of Roumania, 11, 12.
  • plants and trees of the plains, 6.
  • of the hills, 11.
  • of the mountains, 14.

C

COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES:
  • building company, for public works, 56.
  • cereals, imports from Roumania into Great Britain 31.
  • Danube, navigation of, 30.
    • tonnage of vessels entering, 30.
  • Danubian Commission, history of, 32-35.
  • flannel factories, 70.
  • flour mills, 70.
  • Galatz, trade at, 68-70.
  • Ibrail, trade at, 72.
  • maize, imports into England from Roumania, 31.
  • markets and exchanges, absence of, 55.
  • match factories, 70.
  • petroleum wells and distilleries, 14, 31.
  • railways, extension of, 71.
  • securities, Roumanian, &c., 270 note.
  • salt mines of Roumania, 14, 106.
  • saw mills, 70.
  • statistics of trade between Roumania and Great Britain, 70.
  • sugar factories, 70.

E.

EDUCATION AND CULTURE :
  • Academy, the, 41, 42.
    • its collections and appliances, 42-45.
  • agricultural college at Ferestreu, 80-82.
  • Asyle Helene, girls' school, 92-94.
  • education in Roumania, 88-95.
  • compared with England, 89 note.
    • of Youths abroad, 89--91, 95.
    • collegiate, 89.
    • other schools, 94, 95.
  • music, 52, 55, 97.
  • popular instruction and culture, want of, 55.
  • Savants-M. Aurelian, 80.
    • M. Bacologlu, 43. M. Bernath, 19, 43.
    • M. Cogalniceanu, 55, 267.
    • Dr. Davila, 43, 92, 94, 238.
    • M. Hasdeu, 55, 99.
    • M. Jon Ghika, 165 note, 267, and Appendix IV.
    • M. Stourdza, 42.
    • M. Tocilesco, 27 note, 42.
    • societies, learned, 55.
Ethnography :
  • dances, in their relation to the descent of the Roumanians, 97, 98.
  • language, in its relation to the descent of the Roumanians, 95-99.
    • authorities on, 99.
  • music and its relations to the people, 97.
  • peasantry, types of, 7.
  • Trajan's coloists and modern Roumanians, 132, 162.
  • Wallachs, the, and the Roumanians, 151-54, 164.

G.

GEOGRAPHY (see also ' Topography' and `Geology'):
  • boundaries of Roumania, 3.
  • configuration of the surface, 5.
  • dimensions, 4.
  • hills, zone of, 11. Kazan Pass, the, 22.
  • lakes, 25.
  • mountains, zone of, 5, 14.
  • plains, zone of, 6.
  • rivers-the Danube, 20-25.
    • other rivers, 25.
    • Iron Gates, the, 22.
  • population, 4.
  • of cities, 39, 50, 51, 71.
  • summary of geographical characters, 28.
Geology and Mineralogy:
  • Balta Alba, mineral waters of, 25.
  • basin of the Danube, 17, 18.
  • Carpathians, slopes of, 18.
    • summits of, 18.
  • coal and lignite, 18.
  • copper and other minerals, 19.
  • iron, 18.
  • ozokerit (hydrocarbon), 18.
  • petroleum wells, 14.
  • plains, geology of, 17.
  • salt mines, 14, 106-9.

H.

HISTORY (see also ' Biography'):
  • Adrianople, treaty of 221.
  • Aeneas Sylvius on the Wallachs, 153
  • Alexander, Philip, and Lysimachus, their wars with the Geta, 115-17.
  • Anna Conmena on the Wallachs, 152.
  • Anonymous Notary of King Bela, the, 150, 151.
  • Attila, his career and death, 111, 142.
  • Aurelian evacuates Dacia, 135-37.
  • Aurelius (Marcus) defeats the Goths, 134.
  • Avari, the, 143.
  • Bajazet I. overruns Wallachia, 165.
  • Balta-Liman, convention of, 224, Appendix IV.
  • bans, voivodes, and khans (early), 163, 164.
  • barbarians, 138-60, and Appendix I. (see also `Goths," Huns,' &c.).
  • Basilius Lupus, 201.
  • Bassarab, the clan, 163.
  • Basta (General), 192, 195, 198.
  • Bathori, Sigismuud, 182, 185, 196.
  • Belgrade, treaty of, 216.
  • Bessarabia (Lower) annexed to Moldavia, 228.
    • retaken by Russia in exchange for the Dobrudscha, 253.
  • Bogdan, Dragosch, 162, 170.
    • son of Stephen, 172.
  • Bonfinius on the Wallachs, 152.
  • Brancovano treats with Peter the Great, 203.
    • deposed and executed, 204, 205,
    • his great treasures, 205, 206.
  • Bratiano, M., 223, 266.
  • Bucarest, treaty of, 218.
  • Bulgari, their customs, 144-46.
  • Bulgari, their rule, 147, 148.
  • Bulgarians (modern), their revolt (1877), 236.
    • their alliance with the Russians, 242.
  • Cantemir treats with Peter the Great, 203.
    • flees into Russia, 204.
  • Capitulation of Mircea to the Turks, 165 and Appendix II.
    • of Bogdan to the Turks, 172 and Appendix II.
  • Charles, Prince, 16, 17.
    • accession, 233.
    • difficulties of rule, 234.
    • services to army, 237.
    • participation in war of 1877-8, 239, 241.
    • commander-in-chief before Plevna, 243.
    • meets Osman Pasha, 252.
    • crowned king, 255.
    • personal description, 258-60.
  • Christianity, history of, 65-66 note.
  • Consuls, Russian, established in Roumania, 217.
    • English and French, established in Romnania, 218.
  • Corvinus (see 'Hunniad').
  • Couza, Prince, accession and reign, 229.
    • surprised in his palace and deposed, 230.
    • abdication and departure, 231, 232.
  • Criminal codes of Matthew Bassarab and Basilius Lupus, 201, 202.
  • Dacia, contests with Rome, 117 et seq.
    • Decebalus, King of, 119-29.
    • Trajan's first invasion of, 122-27.
    • second invasion of, 127-30.
    • a Roman province, 131-34.
    • evacuated by Aurelian, 135-37.
    • Gibbon on the evacuation, 131-37.
  • Dacians, the, their origin and character, 117-19.
    • early wars with Rome, 119 et seq.
  • Decebalus, King of the Dacians, 119-29.
    • defeats Appius Sabinus, and Cornelius Fuscus, 120.
    • is beaten by Tertius Julianus, 121.
    • makes a treaty with Domitian, 121, 122.
    • is defeated by Trajan, 124.
    • breaks his treaty with Trajan, 127.
    • attempts Trojan's life by assassination, 128.
    • again defeated by Trajan and commits suicide, 129.
  • Dion Cassius, the historian, 117, 118 note.
  • Domitian, defeated by Decebalus, 120.
  • Elisabeth, princess and queen, 55, 92, 257, 260-61, 261 note (see also 'Biography').
  • Gellius (and other chiefs), tradition of, 150, l51 note.
  • Gepidae (a branch of the Goths), powerful in Northern Dacia, 142.
    • defeated and exterminated by the Lombards, 143.
  • Getae, their supposed origin, 115, 116.
    • at war with Alexander and other Greek generals, 116, 117.
  • Gibbon on Aurelian's evacuation of Dacia, 135.
    • his estimate of the Dacians, 136.
  • Goths, their first appearance, 134.
    • defeated by Marcus Aurelius, 135.
    • negotiate with Aurelian, 136.
    • rule in Dacia, 139, 140.
    • end of their rule, and remains left by them, 140.
  • Greek families, reference to histories of, 201 note.
    • rulers of Wallachia and Roumania (see ' Phanariotes').
    • rising under Vladimiresco and Ypsilanti, 219, 220.
    • suppressed, 220.
  • Grivitza Redoubt besieged by the Roumanians, 245, 246.
    • its strength, 247.
    • its capture by the Romnanians, 248, 249.
  • Helena (Couza), Princess, 92, 229.
  • Heliad, the regenerator of national literature in Roumania, 221-23.
  • his political action. 223.
  • Hospodars, Greek (see 'Phanariotes').
    • origin of title, 208, 209 note.
    • restoration of native, 220.
  • Hungarians (see ' Ungri').
  • Hunniad, Johann Corvin von, his birth and early life, 167, 168.
    • viceroy of Siebenbilrüen and regent of Hungary, 168.
    • his wars with the Turks and death, 168.
    • anecdotes concerning him, and his character, 169.
  • Huns, appear in northern Dacia, 140, 141.
    • their aspect and ferocity, 141.
    • their king Attila, 141.
    • defeated and driven out of Europe, 142.
  • Innocent III., his correspondence with Joannitz, King of Wallacho-Bulgaria, 156-60.
  • Jassy, Treaty of, 218.
  • Jasvges, the, 118.
  • Kainardji, treaty of, 217.
  • Knights of St. John and Teutonic knights, 156.
  • Kumani, the, 155, 156.
  • Lauriani on the correspondence between Joannitz and Innocent I11., 156-60. on the fall of Wallacho-Bulgaria, 160.
  • Lombards, the, 143.
  • Magyars, the (see ' Ungri').
  • Matthew Bassarab, his criminal code, 201, 202.
  • Mavrocordato, Alexander, 207.
    • Nicholas, first Phanariote voivode, 208.
    • Constantine, suppresses retainers of boyards, 208.
    • appoints new officers of State, 208, 209.
  • Mavrogeni, Nicholas, his nobles rebel, 214, 215. his defeat by the Austrians and Russians, 218.
  • Michael the Brave, condition of Wallachia in his clay, 176-81.
    • classes of society, 176, 177, 178.
    • taxes, 178.
    • officials, 179.
    • army, 180.
    • political relations with other states, 181.
    • career of Michael : early history and accession, 182; alliances, 182 ; massacre of the Turks, 183 ; conspiracy against him, 183 ; Achmed Pasha's invasion and defeat, 184; Sigismund of Transylvania, Michael's sub mission to him, 185; invasion of Sinan Pasha, 186; Kalugereni, Michael's great victory, 186, 187; retreat and rally of Michael, 187 ; expulsion of the Turks, 188 ; intrigues of Michael, 1;9; abdication of Sigismund and accession of Andreas Bathori, 183 ; Michael's invasion and conquest of Transylvani , 189-92 ; triumph at Weissenburg, 192 ; Michael overruns Moldavia, 192, 194; in the zenith of his power, 194; General Basta, 192, 195 ; revolt of Transylvanian nobles, 195 ; defeat of Michael at Miriszlo and flight, 195, 196 ; appeals to the German Emperor, 196 ; recall of Sigismund Bathori, 196 ; Michael pardoned and reinstated, 196, 197 ; junction with Basta and defeat of the Tran sylvan ian s, 197 ; feud with Basta, 197 ; Michael assassinated by order of Basta, 198 ; his character, 198.
  • Mircea the Old, allied with Hungary and Poland, defeats the Turks, 165.
    • first 'capitulation' at Nicopolis, 165 and Appendix II.
    • his army, 166.
    • his character, and verses in his memory by Bolentineanu, 167.
    • Moldavia, tradition of Bogdan Dragosch, 162.
    • earliest historical records of, 170.
    • early voivodes, 170, 171.
    • Stephen 'the Good,' voivode of, 171-73.
    • capitulation of Bogdan to the Turks, 172.
    • conquered by Michael the Brave, 193, 194.
    • asilius Lupus, voivode of, 202.
    • Cantemir, voivode of, treats with Peter the Great, 203.
    • invasion by Peter the Great, 203. Greek rising in (1821), 223.
    • Michael Stourdza seizes the boyards, who escape, 223.
  • Moldavia, junction of, with Wallachia under Couza, 228.
    • coronation of King Charles, 255.
  • Muktar Pasha relieves Kars, 241.
  • Neagu Bassarab, records in the Cathedral of Ardges, 63, 64.
    • his good deeds, 174.
  • Niamtz, verses on Stephen's flight to, 172.
  • Nicholas, Czar of Russia, and the Crimean war, 225, 227.
    • Grand Duke, watches the crossing of the Danube by the Russians, 240.
    • meets Osman Pasha, 252.
  • Officers of State in the Principalities, 179.
  • Omar Pasha suppresses the Greek rising, 224.
  • Osman Pasha repels the Russians at Plevna, 240.
    • is repulsed at Plevna, 243.
    • is defeated, and surrenders to the Russian and Roumanian generals, 252.
  • Paris, treaty of, 227.
  • Patzinakitai, the, 151.
  • Peter, Asan, and John, founders of Wallacho-Bulgarian empire, 154, 155.
  • Peter the Great, his invasion of Moldavia, 203.
  • Phanariotes, the, their rise and early history, 206, 207.
    • the first rulers, 207, 208.
    • installation of hospodars, 209.
    • extortion and tyranny of, 210-12.
    • extravagance of the princesses, 211.
    • their usual fate, 212.
    • favourable aspects of their rule, 214.
    • end of their domination, 220.
    • Wilkinson on their character, 220.
  • Pie, on the origin of the Roumanians, 164 note.
  • Plevna, siege and investment of, 240-52.
  • Radii Affumati, 175.
  • Radu Negru, tradition of, 162.
  • Revolution of, 1848, 223.
  • suppressed, 224.
  • Roesler on the origin of the Roumanians, 164 note.
  • Romans invade Dacia under Domitian, 120.
    • invade Dacia under Trajan, 122-27.
    • second invasion under Trajan, 127-30.
    • rule in Dacia, 131-34.
    • at war with the Goths, 134, 135.
    • evacuate Dacia, 135-37.
  • Rosetti, C. A., his participation in the rising of 1818, 223; his career, 263-265(see also ' Biography').
    • Madame, liberates the Roumanian patriots from the Turks, 262, 263 (see also `Biography').
  • Roumania constituted a principality under Couza, 229.
    • its provisional government after the fall of Couza, 231, 232.
    • under Prince Charles, 233-57.
    • erected into a kingdom, 255.
    • review of its history, 255.
    • the future of, 269, 270.
  • Roumanian alliance with Russia against Turkey, 237.
    • army, 237, 238 and note, 245.
    • neutrality in 1877, 236.
    • policy, 267-70.
    • soldiers, Russian contempt of, at the commencement of the war, 242.
    • praised for their coolness, 242.
    • bravery at Grivitza, 248.
    • sufferings of, after the capture of Grivitza, 248.
    • securities, rise in the value of, 270 note.
    • Russian invasion of Moldavia under Peter the Great (1709), 203, 201.
    • of the Principalities under Anne (1755), 216.
    • under Catherine IV. (1768), 216.
    • rule in Wallachia (1774), 217.
  • Russian consuls sent to Bucarest, 217.
    • rule in the Principalities (1789-92, 1806-12),220.
    • intervention and Russo-Turkish war of 1829, 221.
    • invasion in 1848, 224.
    • intervention, review of benefits to Roumania therefrom, 221-25.
    • designs in 1853, 225.
    • war with England, France, and Turkey (1853), 226, 227, 228.
    • action in 1877, 235, 236.
    • indebtedness to Roumania in 1877, 237, 238.
    • invasion of Bulgaria (1877) 240.
    • disasters in Bulgaria and Aria, 240, 241, 246.
    • contempt for the Roumanian soldiers, 242.
    • recognition of their bravery, 243.
    • ingratitude after the conclusion of the war, 212, 243.
  • San Stephano, treaty of, 253.
  • Sarmatians, rule in Dacia, 142.
    • defeated by Valentinian, 142.
  • Serban (Cantacuzene), 202.
  • betrays the Turks at Vienna, 202.
  • Shipka Pass, fighting in, between Turks and Russians, 240, 241.
  • Skobeleff, his success at Loftcha, 245.
  • disaster at Plevna, 246, 247.
  • Slavonians, 144.
  • Stephen, called the Good, Voivode of Moldavia, 171.
    • overruns Wallachia, 171.
    • story of his flight to Niamtz (verses by Bolentineanu), 172.
    • his cruelty and fanaticism, 173.
    • his wars with the Turks and Tartars, 171-73.
  • Tacitus, his comments on the Roman defeats in Dacia, 119, 120.
  • Tartar conquest of the Principalities, 160.
    • ravages, and defeats by Michael the Brave, 182, 184.
  • Teutonic knights and knights of St John, 156.
  • Traditions of Radu Negru and Bogdan, 162.
  • Trajan, his first expedition into Dacia, 122-27.
    • his second expedition into Dacia, 127-80.
    • his triumph after the reduction of Dacia, 129. his method of colonising Dacia, 131-33 and note.
  • Treaties of Nicopolis (1393), 165 and Appendix II. ; between Bogdan and Scum
    • (1513), Appendix II.; of Belgrade (1739), 216; of Kainardji (1774), 217 ; of Jassy (1792), 218 ; of Bucarest (1812), 218 ; of Adrianople (1829), 221 ; of Balta-Liman (1849), 224; of Paris (1856), 227, 228; of San Stephano (1878), 253.
  • Turkish invasion of the Principalities (first), 165.
    • suzerainty enforced upon Mircea, 165.
    • wars with Johann Corvin von Hunniad, 168.
    • wars with Moldavia, 171.
    • supremacy established in Moldavia, 172.
    • inhabitants of Wallachia massacred by Michael, 183.
    • efeat at Kalugereni, 186, 187.
    • expulsion from Wallachia, 188.
    • exactions after Michael's death, 200.
    • army betrayed at Vienna, 202.
    • war with Peter the Great, 203, 204.
    • appointment of Greek voivodes, 208.
    • war with Anne and Charles VI., 216.
    • defeat the allies at Belgrade, 216.
    • war with Catherine, 216.
    • with Russia (1806) 218; (1829), 221; (1853), 225-28.
    • obstacles to the union of the Principalities, 228.
    • to the accession of Charles I., 234.
    • war with Russia and Roumania (1877) 235-53.
    • victories in Bulgaria and Asia, 240, 241.
    • defeats at Plevna, 243.
    • victory over Skoheleff before Plevna, 246, 247.
    • defeat at Grivitza, 248, 249.
  • Ungri (Hungarians, or Magyars), their origin, 148.
  • Ungri, Hallam's description of them, 149.
    • German account of their savagery, 149, 150.
    • their career in the Principalities and settlement in Hungary, 150.
  • Vlad, the Impaler, fights the Turks in alliance with John Corvinus, 168.
    • his wars with the Turks, 170.
    • his horrible cruelties, 170.
    • submission to the Turks, 170.
  • Vladimiresco, his career and death, 219.
  • Vladislaus, King of Poland and Hungary, fights the Turks in alliance with John Corvinus, 168.
    • killed at Varna, 168.
  • Voivodes, early, in Wallachia, 163 et seq., 200 et seq.
    • in Moldavia, 170 et seq.
    • their short rule and usual fate, 200, 213.
    • Phanariote, 208 et seq.
    • native, restored, 220.
  • Wallachia, early traditions of, 162.
    • historical records of its foundation, 163.
    • bans, voivodes, and khans in, 163, 164.
    • first capitulation to the Turks, 165 and Appendix II.
    • state of society under Michael the Brave, 176-81.
    • under the Phanariotes, 208-14.
    • under Russian protection, 217, 221, 224.
    • Greek rising in, 218, 220.
    • national regeneration by Heliade, 221, 222.
    • revolution of 1848 in, 223, 224.
    • junction with Moldavia, 228.
  • Wallachs, their origin, 151, 153.
    • opinions of mediaeval historians regarding their Daco-Roman descent (Bonfinius, Anna Comnena, AEneas Sylvius), 152, 153.
    • their first rule, 154.
  • Wallacho-Bulgarian Empire, founded by Peter, Asan, and John, 155.
    • allied with the Kumani,155.
    • duration of the Empire, 155.
    • correspondence between Innocent III. and John, Emperor of, 156-60. fall of, 160.
  • Wilkinson on the Phanariotes, 180 note, 210.
  • Ypsilanti, his leadership of the Greek rising, 219.
    • treachery against Vladimiresco, 219.
    • fights the Turks at Dragosani, 219.
    • defeat, flight, and ultimate fate, 220.
  • Zallony on the Phanariotes, 210.

L.

LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE:
  • capital punishment abolished, and its substitutes, 101, 102, 106.
  • courts of justice, 100.
  • crime, statistics of, 103.
  • Doftana. visit to salt mine of, 104, 105.
  • expenditure for judicial and penal purposes, 112.
  • prisons of Roumania, 102-10.
  • prisoners, treatment of, 102, 104, 106, 110, 111.
  • Vakareschti, visit to prison of, 104, 105.

M.

MANUFACTURES (see 'Commerce').

Meteorology:
  • climate and seasons of Roumania, 28.

P.

Philology:
  • language, constitution of the Roumanian, 95-97.
    • comparison of Latin, Roumanian, and English, 96.
  • Greek and other derivatives, 97.
  • Magyar words in Roumanian, 97.
Politics :
  • Austria and Roumania, and the Danube, 32-33, 267.
  • domestic, in Rouniania, 267, 269.
  • English interests on the Danube, 34, 35.
  • foreign, in Roumania, 267-69.
  • future, 269.
  • land question, tile, in Roumania and Ireland, 82-85.
  • leaders in, 257-67 (see also ' Biography ')
  • Liberals, efforts of the, 267-70.
  • parties, state of, in Roumania, 235 note.

S.

SOCIOLOGY:
  • amusements of the people, 46.
  • divorces in Roumania, 213, 214 note.
  • funerals, 56.
  • gipsies, their history, condition, and occupations, 49-5d.
  • hospitals, 44-46, 68.
  • Jews, the, 57, 58.
  • land and houses, cost of, 47.
  • Lipovans, the, 54.
  • octroi duties and poll-tax, 57.
  • peasant proprietary, 82-6, and Appendix IV.
  • peasantry, types of, 7.
    • costumes of, 7, 8, 48, 49.
    • women, occupations of, 8, 48.
    • subterranean huts of, 10.
    • diseases of, 10.
  • police des moeurs, 45.
  • prisons and prison system, 101-110 (see 'Law').
  • upper classes. 46.
  • working classes, customs, wages, and condition in Bucarest, 46-49.

T.

TOPOGRAPHY:
  • Bucarest, 5, 37-56.
  • Curtea d'Ardges, 58-64.
  • Danubian towns, 21.
  • Galatz, 67-70.
  • Ibrail, 72.
  • Jassy, 71, 72
  • Roumanian towns, chief 36, 37.
  • Sinaia, 7, 15, 16.

Z.

ZOOLOGY :
  • buffaloes, 78.
  • fishes, 25.
  • sheep and cattle, 79.

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