Cosmogenic Cl-36 exposure ages of bedrock and glacially transported boulders, SW Lakes District, England

Please cite: C.K. Ballantyne, J.O. Stone and L.K. Fifield, Glaciation and deglaciation of the SW Lake District, England: implications of cosmogenic Cl-36 exposure dating

Table 1: Input data for cosmogenic Cl-36 exposure age calculations

Sample name Latitude Longitude Altitude Top Bottom Density Horizon corr'n Estimated erosion [Cl-36] error Target CaO error Target K2O error Target TiO2 error Target Fe2O3 error Target Cl error WR_SiO2 error WR_TiO2 error WR_Al2O3 error WR_Fe2O3 error WR_FeO error WR_MnO error WR_MgO error WR_CaO error WR_Na2O error WR_K2O error WR_P2O5 error WR_H2O error WR_CO2 error Li error B error WR_Cl error Cr error Sm error Gd error U error Th error
(deg N) (deg W) (m) (cm) (cm) (g/cm^3) (cm) (atom/g) (atom/g) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (wt%) (rel) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt) (ppm wt)
LD-05 54.4532 -3.2107 960 0 3.0 2.65 1.000 0 8009986 355292 4.84 0.01 2.88 0.01 1.32 0.01 6.35 0.01 286 11 60.4 0.01 1.32 0.01 15.39 0.01 6.35 0.01 0 0.01 0.17 0.01 3.81 0.01 4.84 0.01 3.23 0.01 2.88 0.01 0.06 0.01 1.65 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 1 34 5 286 11 137 50 5.8 0.5 5.66 0.5 2.15 0.1 7.8 0.1
LD-06 54.4532 -3.2107 965 0 3.0 2.65 1.000 0 1481642 56798 7.83 0.01 1.78 0.01 1.45 0.01 10.24 0.01 24.4 0.7 54.35 0.01 1.45 0.01 13.18 0.01 10.24 0.01 0 0.01 0.3 0.01 6.87 0.01 7.83 0.01 1.55 0.01 1.78 0.01 0.04 0.01 2.25 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 1 39 5 24.4 0.7 274 50 4.9 0.5 4.97 0.5 1.63 0.1 5.6 0.1
LD-02 54.4517 -3.2150 795 0 3.0 2.65 0.990 0 980173 41942 1.52 0.01 3.3 0.01 0.61 0.01 3.56 0.01 35.6 1.6 68.84 0.01 0.61 0.01 14.6 0.01 3.56 0.01 0 0.01 0.1 0.01 0.76 0.01 1.52 0.01 4.37 0.01 3.3 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.1 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 1 5 5 35.6 1.6 50 50 7.8 0.5 7.17 0.5 2.33 0.1 8.2 0.1
LD-03 54.4504 -3.2184 775 0 3.0 2.65 0.963 0 234293 12308 2.75 0.01 1.17 0.01 0.53 0.01 3.34 0.01 36.2 0.95 70.77 0.01 0.53 0.01 15.06 0.01 3.34 0.01 0 0.01 0.11 0.01 0.28 0.01 2.75 0.01 4.8 0.01 1.17 0.01 0.01 0.01 1 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 1 33 5 36.2 0.95 50 50 9.1 0.5 8.76 0.5 2.84 0.1 8.8 0.1
LD-07 54.4585 -3.2186 765 0 3.0 2.65 0.996 0 95067 9272 0.96 0.01 0.62 0.01 0.48 0.01 4.28 0.01 33.9 0.7 69 0.01 0.48 0.01 16.4 0.01 4.28 0.01 0 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.73 0.01 0.96 0.01 7.21 0.01 0.62 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.1 0.05 0.03 0.05 5 1 5 5 33.9 0.7 50 50 8.3 0.5 7.97 0.5 3.5 0.1 15 0.1
LD-08 54.4594 -3.2186 750 0 3.0 2.65 0.996 0 271337 11551 0.98 0.01 4.26 0.01 0.48 0.01 2.89 0.01 31.6 0.7 71.12 0.01 0.48 0.01 15.21 0.01 2.89 0.01 0 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.48 0.01 0.98 0.01 3.53 0.01 4.26 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.9 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 1 24 5 31.6 0.7 50 50 7.2 0.5 6.92 0.5 3.12 0.1 9.5 0.1
LD-12 54.4433 -3.3033 125 0 1.5 2.70 0.971 0 95393 1851 4.03 0.01 0.28 0.01 0.84 0.01 4.39 0.01 38.6 0.7 64.4 0.01 0.84 0.01 16.5 0.01 4.39 0.01 0 0.01 0.05 0.01 1.29 0.01 4.03 0.01 6.06 0.01 0.28 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.35 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 5 5 5 40 20 411 100 4.3 0.1 4.58 0.05 2.35 0.1 6.9 0.2
LD-17 54.4433 -3.3033 125 0 3.0 2.70 0.972 0 637064 9794 3.67 0.01 2.61 0.01 0.91 0.01 4.47 0.01 147.1 1.8 62.72 0.01 0.91 0.01 17.62 0.01 4.47 0.01 0 0.01 0.1 0.01 1.21 0.01 3.67 0.01 5.7 0.01 2.61 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.9 0.05 0.05 0.05 5 5 5 5 150 30 274 100 4.8 0.1 5.12 0.05 2.23 0.1 5.7 0.2
LD-09 54.4557 -3.2278 595 0 3.0 2.65 0.981 0 396091 16330 1.15 0.01 3.25 0.01 0.44 0.01 2.93 0.01 39.4 0.6 71.22 0.01 0.44 0.01 15.05 0.01 2.93 0.01 0 0.01 0.1 0.01 0.43 0.01 1.15 0.01 4.79 0.01 3.25 0.01 0.1 0.01 0.8 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 1 21 5 39.4 0.6 50 50 8.3 0.5 8.13 0.5 3.03 0.1 9.4 0.1
LD-10 54.4548 -3.2278 595 0 3.0 2.65 0.981 0 202649 9033 1.31 0.01 4.52 0.01 0.42 0.01 3.65 0.01 51.8 0.8 71.54 0.01 0.42 0.01 14.22 0.01 3.65 0.01 0 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.52 0.01 1.31 0.01 2.62 0.01 4.52 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.9 0.05 0.1 0.05 5 1 26 5 51.8 0.8 50 50 8.8 0.5 8.94 0.5 3.11 0.1 10.2 0.1

Table 2: Exposure age results

Summary Site and sample data Results Target chemical composition Derived results: correction factors Derived results: Cl-36 production rates Cl-36 concentrations Derived results: Exposure age and limits
Sample name Latitude Longitude Altitude Exposure Age Min. possible exp. age [Cl-36] Target CaO Target K2O Target TiO2 Target Fe2O3 [Cl] [Cl] error Scaling factor (spallation) Scaling factor (muons) Thickness correction (spallation) Thickness correction (thermal n) Thickness correction (epithermal n) Horizon correction Ca spallation rate error Ca muon rate error K spallation rate error K muon rate error Ti spallation rate error Ti muon rate error Fe spallation rate error Fe muon rate error Cl-35 (thermal n) rate error Cl-35 (epithermal n) rate error K-39 (n-alpha) rate error Cosmogenic Cl-36 prod'n rate error Intrinsic n prod'n rate error Cosmogenic [Cl-36] error Radiogenic [Cl-36] error Conventional exposure age error internal error Minimum possible age error
(deg N) (deg W) (m) (kyr) (kyr) (10^3 atom/g) (wt%) (wt%) (wt%) (wt%) (ppm) (ppm) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g/yr) (atom/g) (atom/g) (yr) (yr)
Samples from above the inferred weathering limit: Scafell Pike summit tor
LD-05 54.4532 -3.2107 960 327.7 ± 36.6 279 ± 31.2 8010 ± 355 4.84 2.88 1.32 6.35 286 11 2.479 1.611 0.976 1.208 1.055 1.000 4.080 0.142 0.267 0.052 9.314 0.523 0.392 0.049 0.096 0.048 0.001 0.001 0.204 0.020 0.001 0.001 14.887 1.794 2.303 0.205 0.139 0.009 34.51 2.07 0.16 0.01 7938714.1 355310.7 71271.4 3627.9 327687.3 36603.8 21900.2 279006.5 31166.0
LD-06 54.4532 -3.2107 965 109.8 ± 6 109.8 ± 6 1482 ± 57 7.83 1.78 1.45 10.24 24.4 0.7 2.490 1.615 0.976 1.227 1.031 1.000 6.628 0.231 0.434 0.085 5.781 0.326 0.243 0.030 0.106 0.053 0.001 0.001 0.331 0.033 0.002 0.002 1.235 0.141 0.168 0.014 0.083 0.005 15.24 0.44 0.01 0.00 1477716.1 56798.0 3925.5 173.5 109761.2 5997.9 4800.0 109761.2 5997.9
High-level samples below the inferred weathering limit: Broad Stand bedrock slabs
LD-02 54.4517 -3.2150 795 76.45 ± 5.2 76.19 ± 5.19 980 ± 42 1.52 3.3 0.61 3.56 35.6 1.6 2.155 1.495 0.976 1.189 1.080 0.990 1.103 0.039 0.077 0.015 9.186 0.516 0.413 0.051 0.038 0.019 0.000 0.000 0.099 0.010 0.001 0.001 1.969 0.301 0.305 0.030 0.169 0.011 13.79 0.62 0.03 0.00 966507.9 41949.7 13664.7 778.5 76448.2 5203.8 3628.1 76191.4 5186.3
LD-03 54.4504 -3.2184 775 29.23 ± 2.07 28.55 ± 2.02 234 ± 12 2.75 1.17 0.53 3.34 36.2 0.95 2.118 1.481 0.976 1.185 1.083 0.963 1.908 0.067 0.135 0.026 3.114 0.177 0.141 0.018 0.032 0.016 0.000 0.000 0.088 0.009 0.001 0.001 1.684 0.216 0.303 0.026 0.050 0.003 7.82 0.31 0.03 0.00 221010.6 12321.3 13282.4 577.4 29235.0 2067.5 1686.0 28548.3 2018.9
High-level samples below the inferred weathering limit: Lingmell col ice-moulded bedrock
LD-07 54.4585 -3.2186 765 13.18 ± 2.02 11.95 ± 1.83 95.1 ± 9.3 0.96 0.62 0.48 4.28 33.9 0.7 2.100 1.474 0.976 1.194 1.081 0.996 0.682 0.025 0.048 0.009 1.691 0.099 0.077 0.010 0.029 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.116 0.012 0.001 0.001 1.888 0.294 0.282 0.025 0.032 0.002 5.27 0.34 0.06 0.00 68409.9 9350.3 26657.0 1204.5 13183.6 2020.3 1829.6 11945.9 1830.6
LD-08 54.4594 -3.2186 750 17.33 ± 1.13 17.33 ± 1.13 271 ± 12 0.98 4.26 0.48 2.89 31.6 0.7 2.073 1.464 0.976 1.180 1.088 0.996 0.688 0.025 0.049 0.010 11.469 0.644 0.525 0.065 0.029 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.077 0.008 0.001 0.001 1.540 0.202 0.282 0.024 0.192 0.012 15.19 0.69 0.03 0.00 258059.0 11562.8 13277.6 518.2 17332.6 1125.6 792.3 17332.6 1125.6
Low level samples from a valley-floor roches moutonnŽe, Wasdale
LD-12 54.4433 -3.3033 125 19.95 ± 1.35 18.05 ± 1.22 95.4 ± 1.9 4.03 0.28 0.84 4.39 38.6 0.7 1.164 1.089 0.987 1.107 1.042 0.971 1.569 0.055 0.146 0.029 0.418 0.028 0.025 0.003 0.028 0.014 0.000 0.000 0.065 0.007 0.001 0.001 1.222 0.205 0.164 0.015 0.008 0.001 4.03 0.25 0.04 0.00 78567.9 2036.6 16825.0 848.4 19952.7 1351.9 529.3 18052.4 1223.1
LD-17 54.4433 -3.3033 125 50.03 ± 3.47 44.93 ± 3.12 637 ± 10 3.67 2.61 0.91 4.47 147.1 1.8 1.164 1.089 0.975 1.185 1.091 0.972 1.412 0.049 0.133 0.026 3.852 0.217 0.233 0.029 0.030 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.066 0.007 0.001 0.001 4.573 0.644 0.769 0.064 0.075 0.005 12.42 0.79 0.12 0.01 587041.4 10056.5 50022.6 2283.2 50033.4 3474.4 908.4 44928.4 3119.9
Samples from glacially-transported boulders inside the limit of later corrie glaciation
LD-09 54.4557 -3.2278 595 35.11 ± 2.25 34.97 ± 2.24 396 ± 16 1.15 3.25 0.44 2.93 39.4 0.6 1.810 1.363 0.976 1.177 1.093 0.981 0.694 0.025 0.053 0.010 7.528 0.423 0.367 0.046 0.023 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.068 0.007 0.001 0.001 1.672 0.218 0.319 0.027 0.128 0.008 11.24 0.49 0.04 0.00 379030.3 16342.8 17060.8 644.5 35110.1 2250.3 1576.7 34973.2 2241.5
LD-10 54.4548 -3.2278 595 12.47 ± 0.83 12.45 ± 0.83 203 ± 9 1.31 4.52 0.42 3.65 51.8 0.8 1.810 1.363 0.976 1.179 1.088 0.981 0.791 0.028 0.060 0.012 10.470 0.588 0.511 0.064 0.022 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.084 0.008 0.001 0.001 2.052 0.245 0.402 0.033 0.166 0.011 15.02 0.66 0.04 0.00 184631.3 9054.7 18017.4 630.6 12471.3 831.1 620.5 12450.6 829.7