Salt stress in wetland plants
Organism level
1. Generalized salinity effects
A. Enzyme sensitivity to inorganic ions
B. Nutrients: deficiency, interference
C. Water relations
2. Plant responses: water relations, salt, inundation
A. Osmotic potential
B. Salt tolerance
Osmoregulation/compartmentalizaton
Solutes
Inorganic ions
Organic ions
C. Cellular energy costs
3. Salinity consequences for plants
A. Maintenance of water uptake
B. Physiological effects on plants
C. Plant adaptations
D. Halophytic plant families
Ecosystem and community level
1. Salt marsh
environment
A. Habitat diversity
B. Salinity range
2. Salinity fluctuation patterns