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Childhood Injury Prevention Interventions

 

Best Practices Overview

Overview
Staff & Funding
Study Designs
Outcome Criteria
Cochrane Collaboration
Related Links

Intervention Strategy

Education
Legislation
Product & Environment

Topic

Adolescent suicide
Bicycles
Child abuse
Child pedestrians
Choking, aspiration,
and suffocation
Drowning
Falls
Firearms
Fires and burns
Rehabilitation
Motor Vehicle
Poisoning
Recreational injuries
Youth violence
 

Daylight Savings Time

Background

One intriguing intervention to prevent pedestrian injuries is daylight savings time. Pedestrian injuries are more likely to occur in the dark than in the light, although this is more a risk factor for adults than children. At least two studies have evaluated the effects of daylight savings time on pedestrian injury rates, although neither separated out child pedestrians from other ages.

No new articles to include in review, updated 2001.


Review of daylight savings time interventions:

Author

Whittaker, 1996

Study design and target population

Time series analysis

1983-1993 County of Cheshire, UK

Intervention

Daylight savings time

Outcomes

613 police-reported pedestrian-MV collisions during the one week period on either side of the change to daylight savings time in spring and back to GMT in fall.

Results

Risk of pedestrian injury for all ages was reduced by 16% (OR=0.84, 0.60-1.16) in the change to daylight savings time in the spring compared to the change back to GMT in the fall.

Study quality and conclusions

Although the results were not significant because of relatively small numbers, the data indicate that daylight savings time is associated with a decreased risk of pedestrian injuries.

Limited by data reported to police.



Author

Ferguson et al., 1995

Study design and target population

Time series analysis

1987-1991 US population, except Alaska, Hawaii, Indiana and Arizona

Intervention

Daylight savings time

Outcomes

Fatal pedestrian injuries for 22 weeks under daylight savings time compared to 22 under standard time.

Results

Overall, estimated 727 lives saved by daylight savings time, a reduction of 5.1% for pedestrian injuries to all ages (OR=0.95).

Study quality and conclusions

Large sample size and well-done study with appropriate analysis plan. Appears that extending daylight savings hours further into the winter might be an effective intervention.

Summary of studies on daylight savings time

The two studies on daylight savings time both indicate a positive effect on pedestrian injury rates. Although children were analyzed separately, one would expect them to benefit, since a substantial portion of pedestrian injuries to children occur in the later afternoon.

Recommendations on daylight savings time interventions

Consideration would be given to extending hours of daylight savings time in the fall, especially in northern cities. This is obviously a very cheap intervention.


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