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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection as a Risk Factor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Acquisition in Men Who Have Sex with Men
Source:
J Infect Dis 2003 Jan 1;187(1):19-25
Authors:
Renzi C, Douglas Jr JM, Foster M, Critchlow CW, Ashley-Morrow R,
Buchbinder SP, Koblin BA, McKirnan DJ, Mayer KH, Celum CL
Abstract:
The association of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) acquisition with
herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) was assessed among men who have sex
with men (MSM) in a nested case-control study of 116 case subjects who
seroconverted to HIV during follow-up and 342 control subjects who
remained HIV seronegative, frequency-matched by follow-up duration and
report of HIV-infected sex partner and unprotected anal sex. The baseline
HSV-2 seroprevalence was higher among case (46%) than control (34%)
subjects (P = .03); the HSV-2 seroincidence was 7% versus 4% (P = .3).
Only 15% of HSV-2infected MSM reported herpes outbreaks in the past year.
HIV acquisition was associated with prior HSV-2 infection (odds ratio
[OR], 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12.9), reporting >12 sex
partners (OR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.46.3), and reporting fewer herpes outbreaks
in the past year (OR, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.10.8). HSV-2 increases the risk of
HIV acquisition, independent of recognized herpes lesions and behaviors
reflecting potential HIV exposure. HSV-2 suppression with antiviral
therapy should be evaluated as an HIV prevention strategy among MSM.
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