Institute for Global and Regional Security Studies
Jackson School of International Studies
University of Washington, Seattle, WA

Spring Quarter 2002
SIS 425 - International Law and Arms Control

Taught by
Ambassador Thomas Graham, Jr.

Former Acting Director of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency
Former Special Representative of President Clinton for Arms Control and Disarmament

 

                                                                            Class Schedule
                                                
Fridays, 8:30-10:20 a.m. in Balmer 207
                                                        Class discussion for enrolled students.
                                                 Thursday Evening Lectures, 5:30-6:20 p.m. in Kane Hall 220
                                                        Featuring Thomas Graham and distinguished guest speakers.
                                                        Open to the public and required for enrolled students.
                                                 Thursdays, 6:30-7:20 p.m. in Kane Hall 220
                                                        Class session following the lecture is for enrolled students only.

Registration is limited to 35 students - undergraduate and graduate.
For registration information, see the University of Washington Time Schedule.

CONTENTS OF THIS PAGE:

TOPICS - LECTURE SCHEDULE - READINGS - GRAHAM AND GUESTS' BIOGRAPHIES

AMONG THE TOPICS TO BE COVERED...

The Beginnings of Arms Control                             
    Chemical and Biological Weapons
        SALT I,  SALT II—The Nixon-Ford Years,  SALT II—The Carter Years
            The Reagan Revolution, the INF, and the START Treaties
                Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty            
                    Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty (CFE)
                The Survival of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA)
            Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)
        Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
    The NPT Aftermath and the End of ACDA
Democracies, Arms Control, and International Security

THURSDAY EVENING LECTURE SCHEDULE  

All of the following lectures take place 5:30-6:20 p.m. in Kane Hall 220.  These lectures are open to the public and required for students.

April 4 – Welcome & Introduction to and History of Arms Control
            Lecture by Ambassador Thomas Graham and Damien LaVera

April 11 – The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Regime
            Lecture by Ambassador Thomas Graham
            Required Reading:
                -Disarmament Sketches, Chapters 11 & 12
                -Scott Sagan & Kenneth Waltz, The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: A Debate

April 18 – The Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty
            Lecture by Thomas Graham
            Guest Speaker: Bonnie Jenkins
            Required Reading
                -Disarmament Sketches, Chapter 8
                -Richard A. Falkenrath, 
                    Shaping Europe's Military Order: The Origins and Consequences of the CFE Treaty
                 -John E. Peters
                   
Changing Quality of Stability in Europe: The Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty toward 2000

April 25 – The Nuclear Test Ban Treaty
            Lecture by Damien LaVera
            Required Reading:
                -Disarmament Sketches, Chapter 10
                -Graham & LaVera (in Stewart Patrick & Shepard Forman, eds., 
                    Multilateralism & U.S. Foreign Policy: Ambivalent Engagement, Ch. 9)
                -Shalikashvili Report

May 2 – Missile Defense and the ABM Treaty
            Lecture by Damien LaVera
            Guest Speaker: John Rhinelander
            Required Reading:
                -Disarmament Sketches, Chapter 7
                -Nitze, pp. 467-479

May 9 – Controlling Fissile Material in Russia: the Cooperative Threat Reduction Program, the Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty, Plutonium Disposition, etc.
            Lecture by Thomas Graham
            Guest Speaker: Laura Holgate
            Required Reading:
                -Graham T. Allison, Steven E. MillerRichard A. Falkenrath & Owen R. Cote
                    Avoiding Nuclear Anarchy: 
                    Containing the Threat of Loose Russian Nuclear Weapons and Fissile Material
                 -Leon V. Sigal, 
                    Hang Separately: Cooperative Security between the United States and Russia, 1985-1994 

May 16 – Existing Strategic Arms Control Arrangements: SALT, START, INF, etc.
            Lecture by Damien LaVera
            Guest Speaker: John Holum
            Required Reading:
                -Disarmament Sketches, Chapters 3, 4, 5, 6
                -Nitze, Chapters 16-22
                                 -Richard Smoke, National Security and the Nuclear Dilemma, 1945-1991 Chapters 8-15

May 23 – The Future of Arms Control, New Forms of Verification and Transparency, & New Approaches to Nuclear Arms Reductions
            Lecture by Thomas Graham
            Guest Speaker: Rose Gottemoeller

May 30 – Looking to the Future: Proceeding toward Disarmament?
            Lecture by Damien LaVera
            Guest Speaker: Robert McNamara
            Required Reading:
                -Disarmament Sketches, Conclusions and Epilogue
                -Robert S. McNamara and James G. Blight, 
                    Wilson’s Ghost: Reducing the Risk of Conflict, Killing and Catastrophe in the 21st Century, Chs. 4-5
                -The Future of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy, National Academy Press,

June 6 – Conclusions and Preparations for Final Exams
            Lecture by Thomas Graham and Damien LaVera

REQUIRED READINGS

PRINCIPAL TEXTBOOK: Disarmament Sketches: Three Decades of Arms Control and International Law
Thomas Graham Jr., forward by Paul Nitze.
University of Washington Press, Seattle and London, 2002.
Institute for Global and Regional Security Studies, Seattle.
ISBN: 0-295-98212-8

Paul H. Nitze, From Hiroshima to Glasnost: At the Center of Decision, Grove Weidenfeld 1989.  ISBN: 1-55584-110-4

Richard Smoke, National Security and the Nuclear Dilemma,1945-1991, McGraw-Hill Higher Education 1992 ISBN: 0070593523

Graham T. Allison  Steven E. Miller  Richard A. Falkenrath  Owen R. Cote, Avoiding Nuclear Anarchy: Containing the Threat of Loose Russian Nuclear Weapons and Fissile Material, MIT Press 1997. ISBN: 026251088X

Leon V. Sigal, Hang Separately: Cooperative Security between the United States and Russia, 1985-1994, the Century Foundation 2001. ISBN: 0870784560

Scott Sagan & Kenneth Waltz, The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: A Debate, Norton, W. W. & Company, Inc.  1998. ISBN: 0393967166

John E. Peters, Changing Quality of Stability in Europe: The Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty toward 2001, The Rand Corporation, 2000. ISBN: 0833027832

James E. Goodby, Europe Undivided: The New Logic of Peace in U.S.-Russian Relations, U.S. Institute of Peace 1998. ISBN: 1878379755

Robert S. McNamara and James G. Blight, Wilson’s Ghost: Reducing the Risk of Conflict, Killing and Catastrophe in the 21st Century, PublicAffairs 2001.  ISBN: 1-891620-89-4

Reserve Readings:

[The Future of U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy, National Academy Press, 1997.  ISBN: 0309063671]   

Richard A. Falkenrath, Shaping Europe's Military Order: The Origins and Consequences of the CFE Treaty, MIT Press 1995, ISBN: 0262560860

Stewart Patrick & Shepard Forman, eds., Multilateralism & U.S. Foreign Policy: Ambivalent Engagement, Lynne Reinner Publishers, 2002.  ISBN: 1-58826-042-9

John M. Shalikashvili, Findings and Recommendations Concerning the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, January 2001  

BIOGRAPHIES 

Ambassador Thomas Graham, Jr. is the President of the Lawyers Alliance for World Security (LAWS).  Ambassador Graham was involved with every major arms control negotiation taking place during his twenty-seven years with the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA).  Ambassador Graham served as the Special Representative of the President for Arms Control, Non-Proliferation, and Disarmament from 1994-1997. He led U.S. Government efforts to achieve a permanent Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) leading up to and during the 1995 Review and Extension Conference of the NPT.  Ambassador Graham headed the U.S. Delegation to the 1996 Review Conference of the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty.  He also headed the U.S. Delegation to the 1993 ABM Treaty Review Conference.  In addition, he led a number of delegations to foreign capitals in the period 1994-1996, first to persuade countries to support indefinite extension of the NPT and in 1996 to urge conclusion of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) negotiations in Geneva, Switzerland (the CTBT was signed in September 1996).  He was the sole Executive Branch witness in support of the Senate approval of the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC). Ambassador Graham was the General Counsel of the United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) from 1977 to 1981 and from 1983 to 1993.  From January 20, 1993 until November 22, 1993, he served as the Acting Director of ACDA, and from November 23, 1993 to August 29, 1994 as the Acting Deputy Director. 

Bonnie Jenkins was Legal Advisor to the Commission to Assess the Organization of the Federal Government to Combat the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction.  Previously, she worked as an attorney in the Office of the General Counsel of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) from 1990 to 1998 and served as the legal advisors to U.S. Delegations negotiating:  the Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty, the Open Skies Treaty, the United Nations Convention on Nuclear Terrorism, and the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).  She also served in the Department of Defense and is a Lieutenant in the U.S. Naval Reserves.  She holds B.A., J.D., M.P.A., and LLM degrees and is a doctoral candidate at the University of Virginia.

Robert McNamara served as Secretary of Defense from 1961 to 1968 in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations.  He is a renowned expert on arms control, disarmament, and international security.  He has also been President of the World Bank and of Ford Motor Company.  Since his retirement, he has served on the Boards of the Royal Dutch Petroleum, the Bank of America, the Washington Post Company, and Corning Incorporated and was a member of the International Advisory Committee of Goldman Sachs.   He is also associated with various non-profit associations and regularly writes and speaks on issues of population and development, world hunger, the environment, East-West relations and nuclear arms.  His publications include The Essence of Security; One Hundred Countries, Two Billion People; The McNamara Years at the World Bank; Blundering Into Disaster; and Out of the Cold.

John Rhinelander is a Senior Counsel at the law firm of Shaw, Pittman, Potts & Trowbridge and Vice-Chairman of the Arms Control Association.  He is a leading expert on international law, arms control, NATO expansion, and national missile defense issues.  From 1973 until 1975, Mr. Rhinelander served as Under Secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Previously, he was General Counsel of the Department of State, and from 1971 to 1972, Legal Advisor to the US SALT Delegation which negotiated the Anti-Ballistic Missile treaty (ABM).  Mr. Rhinelander served as Deputy Legal Advisor at the Department of State.  He has taught courses in treaty negotiation and international law at the University of Virginia, Georgetown University, and Stanford University.

Rose Gottemoeller is a senior associate at the Carnegie Endowment for International peace and holds a joint appointment with the Russian and Eurasian Program and the Global Policy Program. A specialist in arms control issues in Russia and the other former Soviet states, Gottemoeller’s research at the Endowment focuses on issues of nuclear security and stability, non-proliferation and arms control. Before joining the Endowment in October 2000, Ms. Gottemoeller was deputy undersecretary for defense nuclear nonproliferation in the U.S. Department of Energy. Previously, she served as the department’s assistant secretary for nonproliferation and national security. She first joined the department in November 1997 as director of the Office of Nonproliferation and National Security. Prior to the Energy Department, Ms. Gottemoeller served for three years as deputy director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London. From 1993 to 1994, she served on the National Security Council in the White House as director for Russia, Ukraine, and Eurasia Affairs. Previously, she was a senior defense analyst at RAND, a Council on Foreign Relations Fellow, and an adjunct professor of Soviet military policy at Georgetown University.

Laura Holgate is Vice President for Russia/NIS Programs of the Nuclear Threat Initiative.  Ms. Holgate joined NTI after serving in a number of senior positions in the federal government. She managed the Cooperative Threat Reduction program at the Department of Defense, which provides assistance to Russia and the Newly Independent States in securing and destroying excess nuclear, chemical and biological weapons. She also served as director of the Office of Fissile Materials Disposition at the U.S. Department of Energy. Ms. Holgate has received numerous public service awards and serves on the Executive Board of Women in International Security.

John D. Holum served simultaneously as the Director of the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and the Acting Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Affairs from Dec. 15, 1997 until the integration of the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency with the Department of State in March 2000. He served from then until the end of the Clinton Administration Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security and Senior Adviser to the President and Secretary of State. Mr. Holum, who was sworn in as ACDA Director on Nov. 22, 1993, served as a defense and foreign policy adviser in the 1992 Clinton Presidential Campaign and assisted in the Clinton Presidential Transition. He also served as Executive Director of the Platform drafting committee and the platform committee for the 1992 Democratic National Convention. From 1981 until his swearing in as ACDA Director, he practiced law in the Washington office of O’Melveny & Myers, concentrating on regulatory and international matters. He served on the Policy Planning Staff in the Department of State from 1979 to 1981, working on arms control and legal issues. From 1965 to 1979, Mr. Holum was a member of Senator George McGovern’s staff where he served as legislative director and managed the Senator’s work on the Foreign Relations Committee. He served as issues director for Senator McGovern in the 1972 presidential primaries, and as chief speechwriter in the general election campaign.