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	Ability-Based Design (NSF funded) Developing technologies, principles, and methods to support the full range of human abilities with interactive systems. Grew out of work on "ability-based user interfaces" by Gajos, Wobbrock and Weld. [Show 12 publications] Wobbrock, J.O., Gajos, K.Z., Kane, S.K. and Vanderheiden, G.C. (2018). Ability-Based Design. Communications of the ACM 61 (6), June 2018, pp. 62-71. Franz, R., Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Lost in transition: The importance of conceptualizing aging as a process in accessibility research. Workshop on "Designing Interactions for the Ageing Populations." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). Montreal, Quebec (April 21-26, 2018), pp. 53-58. Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Ability-Based Design: Elevating ability over disability in accessible computing. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 5-7. 2017 SIGCHI Social Impact Award. Mott, M.E., Williams, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Morris, M.R. (2017). Improving dwell-based gaze typing with dynamic, cascading dwell times. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2558-2570. Mott, M.E., Vatavu, R.-D., Kane, S.K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Smart Touch: Improving touch accuracy for people with motor impairments with template matching. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). San Jose, California (May 7-12, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1934-1946. Best Paper Winner. Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Improving pointing in graphical user interfaces for people with motor impairments through ability-based design. Chapter 8 in G. Kouroupetroglou (ed.), Assistive Technologies and Computer Access for Motor Disabilities. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, pp. 206-253. Email author for chapter inquiries. Hurst, A., Gajos, K.Z., Findlater, L., Wobbrock, J.O., Sears, A. and Trewin, S. (2011). Dynamic accessibility: Detecting and accommodating differences in ability and situation. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 41-44. Wobbrock, J.O., Kane, S.K., Gajos, K.Z., Harada, S. and Froehlich, J. (2011). Ability-Based Design: Concept, principles and examples. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 3 (3), April 2011, Article No. 9. Gajos, K.Z., Weld, D.S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Automatically generating personalized user interfaces with Supple. Artificial Intelligence 174 (12-13), August 2010, pp. 910-950. Gajos, K.Z., Weld, D.S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2008). Decision-theoretic user interface generation. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Nectar Papers Track (AAAI '08). Chicago, Illinois (July 13-17, 2008). Menlo Park, California: AAAI Press, pp. 1532-1536. Gajos, K.Z., Wobbrock, J.O. and Weld, D.S. (2008). Improving the performance of motor-impaired users with automatically-generated, ability-based interfaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '08). Florence, Italy (April 5-10, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1257-1266. Best Paper Winner. Gajos, K.Z., Wobbrock, J.O. and Weld, D.S. (2007). Automatically generating user interfaces adapted to users' motor and vision capabilities. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '07). Newport, Rhode Island (October 7-10, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 231-240.
	Understanding, Detecting and Accommodating Situational Impairments (NSF funded) Understanding the effects of situational impairments and devising new sensors and interfaces to help users overcome these temporary impairments. [Show 8 publications] Mariakakis, A., Parsi, S., Patel, S.N. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Drunk User Interfaces: Determining blood alcohol level through everyday smartphone tasks. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). Montreal, Quebec (April 21-26, 2018). New York: ACM Press, Paper No. 234. Mariakakis, A., Goel, M., Aumi, M.T.I., Patel, S.N. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). SwitchBack: Using focus and saccade tracking to guide users' attention for mobile task resumption. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). Seoul, Korea (April 18-23, 2015). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2953-2962. Kay, M., Rector, K., Consolvo, S., Greenstein, B., Wobbrock, J.O., Watson, N.F., Kientz, J.A. (2013). PVT-Touch: Adapting a reaction time test for touchscreen devices. Proceedings of the International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth '13). Venice, Italy (May 5-8, 2013). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 248-251. Goel, M., Jansen, A., Mandel, T., Patel, S.N. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). ContextType: Using hand posture information to improve mobile touch screen text entry. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2795-2798. Goel, M., Wobbrock, J.O. and Patel, S.N. (2012). GripSense: Using built-in sensors to detect hand posture and pressure on commodity mobile phones. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '12). Cambridge, Massachusetts (October 7-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 545-554. Goel, M., Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). WalkType: Using accelerometer data to accommodate situational impairments in mobile touch screen text entry. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2687-2696. Honorable Mention Paper. Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Smith, I.E. (2008). Getting off the treadmill: Evaluating walking user interfaces for mobile devices in public spaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI '08). Amsterdam, The Netherlands (September 18-20, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 109-118. Best Paper Winner. Wobbrock, J.O., Myers, B.A. and Aung, H.H. (2008). The performance of hand postures in front- and back-of-device interaction for mobile computing. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 66 (12), December 2008, pp. 857-875.
	Mobile-Device Accessibility for People with Disabilities Making mobile devices more accessible to people who are blind, have low vision, or have motor impairments. Also, using mobile devices to make the world more accessible. [Show 12 publications] Ross, A.S., Zhang, X., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Epidemiology as a framework for large-scale mobile application accessibility assessment. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '17). Baltimore, Maryland (October 30 - November 1, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2-11. Best Paper Nominee. Zhang, X., Ross, A., Caspi, A., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Interaction proxies for runtime repair and enhancement of mobile application accessibility. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 6024-6037. Findlater, L., Froehlich, J., Fattal, K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Dastyar, T. (2013). Age-related differences in performance with touchscreens compared to traditional mouse input. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 343-346. Honorable Mention Paper. Kane, S.K., Frey, B. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Access Lens: A gesture-based screen reader for real-world documents. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 347-350. Azenkot, S., Rector, K., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). The need for research on mobile technologies for people with low-vision. Third Mobile Accessibility Workshop (MOBACC '13). ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). Azenkot, S., Rector, K., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). PassChords: Secure multi-touch authentication for blind people. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '12). Boulder, Colorado (October 22-24, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 159-166. Best Paper Winner. Azenkot, S., Wobbrock, J.O., Prasain, S. and Ladner, R.E. (2012). Input Finger Detection for nonvisual touch screen text entry in Perkinput. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '12). Toronto, Ontario (May 28-30, 2012). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 121-129. Azenkot, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2011). Smartphone haptic feedback for nonvisual wayfinding. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '11). Dundee, Scotland (October 24-26, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 281-282. Azenkot, S., Prasain, S., Borning, A., Fortuna, E., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Enhancing independence and safety for blind and deaf-blind public transit riders. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3247-3256. Kane, S.K., Jayant, C., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2009). Freedom to roam: A study of mobile device adoption and accessibility for people with visual and motor disabilities. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '09). Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (October 26-28, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 115-122. Kane, S.K., Bigham, J.P. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2008). Slide Rule: Making mobile touch screens accessible to blind people using multi-touch interaction techniques. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '08). Halifax, Nova Scotia (October 13-15, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 73-80. Froehlich, J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Kane, S.K. (2007). Barrier Pointing: Using physical edges to assist target acquisition on mobile device touch screens. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07). Tempe, Arizona (October 15-17, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 19-26.
	MobileASL (NSF funded) Conducting user-centered laboratory and field studies of MobileASL, which allows deaf people to communicate with video using 3-G mobile phones and networks. [Show 10 publications] Tran, J.J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). Evaluating intelligibility and battery drain of mobile sign language video transmitted at low frame rates and bit rates. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 7 (3), November 2015, Article No. 11. Tran, J.J., Flowers, B., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Analyzing the intelligibility of real-time mobile sign language video transmitted below recommended standards. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '14). Rochester, New York (October 20-22, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 177-184. Tran, J.J., Rodriguez, R., Riskin, E.A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). A web-based intelligibility evaluation of sign language video transmitted at low frame rates and bitrates. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '13). Bellevue, Washington (October 21-23, 2013). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 2. Tran, J.J, Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Human-centered approach evaluating mobile sign language video communication. Grace Hopper Celebration of Women in Computing Conference (GHC '13). Minneapolis, Minnesota (October 2-5, 2013). Tran, J.J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Increasing mobile sign language video accessibility by relaxing video transmission standards. Third Mobile Accessibility Workshop (MOBACC '13). ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). O'Leary, K., Delahunt, C., Dowden, P., Darmansya, I., Heng, J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Design goals for a system for enhancing AAC with personalized video. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '12). Boulder, Colorado (October 22-24, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 223-224. Tran, J.J., Kim, J., Chon, J., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Evaluating quality and comprehension of real-time sign language video on mobile phones. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '11). Dundee, Scotland (October 24-26, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 115-122. Kim, J., Tran, J.J., Johnson, T.W., Ladner, R., Riskin, E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Effect of MobileASL on communication among deaf users. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2185-2190. Tran, J.J., Johnson, T.W., Kim, J., Rodriguez, R., Yin, S., Riskin, E.A., Ladner, R.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). A web-based user survey for evaluating power saving strategies for deaf users of MobileASL. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '10). Orlando, Florida (October 25-27, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 115-122. Cherniavsky, N., Chon, J., Wobbrock, J.O., Ladner, R.E. and Riskin, E.A. (2009). Activity analysis enabling real-time video communication on mobile phones for deaf users. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '09). Victoria, British Columbia (October 4-7, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 79-88.
	Design for Social Accessibility (NSF funded) Performing foundational studies and methodology development for creating "socially accessible" assistive technologies that reduce stigma and promote self-confidence over self-consciousness. [Show 5 publications] Shinohara, K., Bennett, C.L., Pratt, W. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). Tenets for Social Accessibility: Towards humanizing disabled people in design. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 11 (1), March 2018, Article No. 6. Shinohara, K., Bennett, C.L., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2017). Teaching accessibility in a technology design course. Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL '17), vol. 1. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (June 18-22, 2017). International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp. 239-246. Shinohara, K., Bennett, C.L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). How designing for people with and without disabilities shapes student design thinking. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '16). Reno, Nevada (October 24-26, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 229-237. Shinohara, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Self-conscious or self-confident? A diary study conceptualizing the social accessibility of assistive technology. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 8 (2), January 2016, Article No. 5. Shinohara, K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). In the shadow of misperception: Assistive technology use and social interactions. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 705-714. Best Paper Winner.
	Non-speech Voice-based Computer Access Exploring continuous non-speech voice control of computers for people with motor impairments. [Show 5 publications] Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Landay, J.A. (2011). Voice Games: Investigation into the use of non-speech voice input for making computer games more accessible. Proceedings of the IFIP TC13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (INTERACT '11). Lisbon, Portugal (September 5-9, 2011). Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 6946/2011. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, pp. 11-29. Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Landay, J.A. (2009). Beyond speech recognition: Improving voice-driven access to computers. Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE-IBM Accessing the Future Conference. Boston, Massachusetts (July 21-22, 2009). Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O., Malkin, J., Bilmes, J. and Landay, J.A. (2009). Longitudinal study of people learning to use continuous voice-based cursor control. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 347-356. Harada, S., Lester, J., Patel, K., Saponas, T.S., Fogarty, J., Landay, J.A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2008). VoiceLabel: Using speech to label mobile sensor data. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces (ICMI '08). Chania, Crete, Greece (October 20-22, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 69-76. Harada, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Landay, J.A. (2007). VoiceDraw: A voice-driven hands-free drawing application. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07). Tempe, Arizona (October 15-17, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 27-34.
	Methods and Tools for Understanding and Designing Gestures Studying gestures and creating methods and tools for designers and users to create gesture interactions. [Show 11 publications] Anthony, L., Stofer, K.A., Luc, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Gestures by children and adults on touch tables and touch walls in a public science center. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC '16). Manchester, United Kingdom (June 21-24, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 344-355. Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Between-subjects elicitation studies: Formalization and tool support. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). San Jose, California (May 7-12, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3390-3402. Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). Formalizing agreement analysis for elicitation studies: New measures, significance test, and toolkit. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). Seoul, Korea (April 18-23, 2015). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1325-1334. Honorable Mention Paper. Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Gesture heatmaps: Understanding gesture performance with colorful visualizations. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '14). Istanbul, Turkey (November 12-16, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 172-179. Morris, M.R., Danielescu, A., Drucker, S., Fisher, D., Lee, B., schraefel, m.c. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Reducing legacy bias in gesture elicitation studies. ACM Interactions 21 (3), May + June 2014, pp. 40-45. Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Relative accuracy measures for stroke gestures. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '13). Sydney, Australia (December 9-13, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 279-286. Anthony, L., Vatavu, R.-D. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Understanding the consistency of users' pen and finger stroke gesture articulation. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '13). Regina, Saskatchewan (May 29-31, 2013). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 87-94. Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ladner, R.E. (2011). Usable gestures for blind people: Understanding preference and performance. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 413-422. Best Paper Winner. Morris, M.R., Wobbrock, J.O. and Wilson, A.D. (2010). Understanding users' preferences for surface gestures. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '10). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (May 31-June 2, 2010). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 261-268. Wobbrock, J.O., Morris, M.R. and Wilson, A.D. (2009). User-defined gestures for surface computing. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1083-1092. Best Paper Nominee. Wobbrock, J.O., Aung, H.H., Rothrock, B. and Myers, B.A. (2005). Maximizing the guessability of symbolic input. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '05). Portland, Oregon (April 2-7, 2005). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1869-1872.
	The $-Family Gesture Recognizers Inventing and studying lightweight easily-implementable stroke-gesture recognizers for use in user interface prototypes on all kinds of platforms. [Show 5 publications] Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2018). $Q: A super-quick, articulation-invariant stroke-gesture recognizer for low-resource devices. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI '18). Barcelona, Spain (September 3-6, 2018). New York: ACM Press. To appear. Vatavu, R.-D., Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Gestures as point clouds: A $P recognizer for user interface prototypes. Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI '12). Santa Monica, California (October 22-26, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 273-280. Outstanding Paper Winner. Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). $N-Protractor: A fast and accurate multistroke recognizer. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '12). Toronto, Ontario (May 28-30, 2012). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 117-120. Anthony, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). A lightweight multistroke recognizer for user interface prototypes. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '10). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (May 31-June 2, 2010). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 245-252. Wobbrock, J.O., Wilson, A.D. and Li, Y. (2007). Gestures without libraries, toolkits or training: A $1 recognizer for user interface prototypes. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '07). Newport, Rhode Island (October 7-10, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 159-168. Invited for Reprise at SIGGRAPH '08.
	Extending Laptop and Tablet Interactions with Projectors and Cameras Using computer vision and micro-projectors to extend interaction out onto a laptop's surrounding table surface. [Show 3 publications] Avrahami, D., Wobbrock, J.O. and Izadi, S. (2011). Portico: Tangible interaction on and around a tablet. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '11). Santa Barbara, California (October 16-19, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 347-356. Rosenthal, S., Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Avrahami, D. (2010). Augmenting on-screen instructions with micro-projected guides: When it works, and when it fails. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (Ubicomp '10). Copenhagen, Denmark (September 26-29, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 203-212. Kane, S.K., Avrahami, D., Wobbrock, J.O., Harrison, B., Rea, A., Philipose, M. and LaMarca, A. (2009). Bonfire: A nomadic system for hybrid laptop-tabletop interaction. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '09). Victoria, British Columbia (October 4-7, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 129-138.
	Improving Student Collaboration on Interactive Tabletops Understanding and modeling student behavior at interactive tabletops, and designing interventions to improve collaborative work in real-world classroom settings. [Show 3 publications] Evans, A.C., Davis, K., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). Group Touch: Distinguishing tabletop users in group settings via statistical modeling of touch pairs. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 35-47. Evans, A.C., Wobbrock, J.O. and Davis, K. (2016). Modeling collaboration patterns on an interactive tabletop in a classroom setting. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '16). San Francisco, California (February 27-March 2, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 860-871. Evans, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Filling in the gaps: Capturing social regulation in an interactive tabletop learning environment. Proceedings of the International Conference of the Learning Sciences (ICLS '14), vol. 2. Boulder, Colorado (June 23-27, 2014). International Society of the Learning Sciences, pp. 1157-1161.
	Making Interactive Tabletops Accessible Making large interactive tabletops accessible to people with disabilities. [Show 3 publications] Mott, M.E., Vatavu, R.-D., Kane, S.K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2016). Smart Touch: Improving touch accuracy for people with motor impairments with template matching. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '16). San Jose, California (May 7-12, 2016). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1934-1946. Best Paper Winner. Kane, S.K., Morris, M.R. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Touchplates: Low-cost tactile overlays for visually impaired touch screen users. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '13). Bellevue, Washington (October 21-23, 2013). New York: ACM Press. Article No. 22. Kane, S.K., Morris, M.R., Perkins, A.Z., Wigdor, D., Ladner, R.E., and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Access Overlays: Improving non-visual access to large touch screens for blind users. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '11). Santa Barbara, California (October 16-19, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 273-282.
	Touch-Typing on Interactive Tabletops Studying and enabling expert touch-typing on interactive surfaces with interactive machine learning. [Show 4 publications] Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). From plastic to pixels: In search of touch-typing touchscreen keyboards. ACM Interactions 19 (3), May + June 2012, pp. 44-49. Findlater, L., Lee, B.Q. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Beyond Qwerty: Augmenting touch screen keyboards with multi-touch gestures for non-alphanumeric input. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2679-2682. Honorable Mention Paper. Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Personalized input: Improving ten-finger touchscreen typing through automatic adaptation. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 815-824. Findlater, L., Wobbrock, J.O. and Wigdor, D. (2011). Typing on flat glass: Examining ten-finger expert typing patterns on touch surfaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2453-2462. Honorable Mention Paper.
	Text Entry Tools, Techniques and Studies Improving text entry through new evaluation tools, innovative techniques, and formal studies. [Show 5 publications] Ruan, S., Wobbrock, J.O., Liou, K., Ng, A. and Landay, J.A. (2017). Comparing speech and keyboard text entry for short messages in two languages on touchscreen phones. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 1 (4), December 2017, Article No. 159. Evans, A.C. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Taming wild behavior: The Input Observer for obtaining text entry and mouse pointing measures from everyday computer use. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1947-1956. Kane, S.K., Wobbrock, J.O., Harniss, M. and Johnson, K.L. (2008). TrueKeys: Identifying and correcting typing errors for people with motor impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI '08). Maspalomas, Gran Canaria, Spain (January 13-16, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 349-352. Kane, S.K. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2007). Automatically correcting typing errors for people with motor impairments. Adjunct Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '07). Newport, Rhode Island (October 7-10, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 59-60. Wobbrock, J.O. and Myers, B.A. (2006). Analyzing the input stream for character-level errors in unconstrained text entry evaluations. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 13 (4), December 2006, pp. 458-489.
	Models and Tools for Measuring Pointing Performance Developing predictive models for pointing errors, evaluating variations of models for measuring pointing performance, and creating tools for measuring pointing performance not only in the lab, but also "in the wild." [Show 5 publications] Evans, A.C. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). Taming wild behavior: The Input Observer for obtaining text entry and mouse pointing measures from everyday computer use. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1947-1956. Evans, A. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Input Observer: Measuring text entry and pointing performance from naturalistic everyday computer use. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1879-1884. Wobbrock, J.O., Jansen, A. and Shinohara, K. (2011). Modeling and predicting pointing errors in two dimensions. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1653-1656. Wobbrock, J.O., Shinohara, K. and Jansen, A. (2011). The effects of task dimensionality, endpoint deviation, throughput calculation, and experiment design on pointing measures and models. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1639-1648. Wobbrock, J.O., Cutrell, E., Harada, S. and MacKenzie, I.S. (2008). An error model for pointing based on Fitts' law. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '08). Florence, Italy (April 5-10, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1613-1622. Best Paper Winner.
	High-Performance Mouse Pointing Speeding and making accessible the most common action we perform with desktop computers every day. [Show 7 publications] Bigham, J.P., Lasecki, W.S. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). Target acquisition and the crowd actor. Human Computation 2 (2), pp. 135-154. Mott, M.E. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Beating the bubble: Using kinematic triggering in the Bubble Lens for acquiring small, dense targets. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '14). Toronto, Ontario (April 26-May 1, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 733-742. Pasqual, P.T. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Mouse pointing endpoint prediction using kinematic template matching. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '14). Toronto, Ontario (April 26-May 1, 2014). New York: ACM Press, pp. 743-752. Wobbrock, J.O. (2014). Improving pointing in graphical user interfaces for people with motor impairments through ability-based design. Chapter 8 in G. Kouroupetroglou (ed.), Assistive Technologies and Computer Access for Motor Disabilities. Hershey, PA: IGI Global, pp. 206-253. Email author for chapter inquiries. Dixon, M., Fogarty, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). A general-purpose target-aware pointing enhancement using pixel-level analysis of graphical interfaces. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3167-3176. Jansen, A., Findlater, L. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). From the lab to the world: Lessons from extending a pointing technique for real-world use. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1867-1872. Wobbrock, J.O., Fogarty, J.A., Liu, S., Kimuro, S. and Harada, S. (2009). The Angle Mouse: Target-agnostic dynamic gain adjustment based on angular deviation. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1401-1410.
	Accessible Goal Crossing (NSF funded) Creating accessible desktop user interfaces based on goal crossing instead of pointing-and-clicking for people with motor impairments. [Show 4 publications] Findlater, L., Jansen, A., Shinohara, K., Dixon, M., Kamb, P., Rakita, J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Enhanced area cursors: Reducing fine-pointing demands for people with motor impairments. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '10). New York, NY (October 3-6, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 153-162. Choe, E.K., Shinohara, K., Chilana, P.K., Dixon, M. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2009). Exploring the design of accessible goal crossing desktop widgets. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '09). Boston, Massachusetts (April 4-9, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3733-3738. Wobbrock, J.O. and Gajos, K.Z. (2008). Goal crossing with mice and trackballs for people with motor impairments: Performance, submovements, and design directions. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing 1 (1), May 2008, Article No. 4. Wobbrock, J.O. and Gajos, K.Z. (2007). A comparison of area pointing and goal crossing for people with and without motor impairments. Proceedings of the ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '07). Tempe, Arizona (October 15-17, 2007). New York: ACM Press, pp. 3-10.
	Improving Web Usability with Contextual Help (NSF funded) Understaning web sites' challenges for users and creating systems to address those challenges. Resulted in the founding of AnswerDash, Inc. [Show 10 publications] Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2015). From user-centered to adoption-centered design: A case study of an HCI research innovation becoming a product. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '15). Seoul, Korea (April 18-23, 2015). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1749-1758. Best Paper Winner. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J., Wobbrock, J.O. and Grossman, T. (2013). A multi-site field study of crowdsourced contextual help: Usage and perspectives of end-users and software teams. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 217-226. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2013). Crowdsourced Q&A-based contextual help for web applications: Challenges and opportunities. Workshop on "Social Media Question Asking." ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '13). San Antonio, Texas (February 23-27, 2013). Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2012). LemonAid: Selection-based crowdsourced contextual help for web applications. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '12). Austin, Texas (May 5-10, 2012). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1549-1558. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J., Wobbrock, J.O., Grossman, T. and Fitzmaurice, G. (2011). Post-deployment usability: A survey of current practices. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2243-2246. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Using crowdsourcing in the design of context-sensitive help for web applications. Workshop on "Crowdsourcing and Human Computation." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Cleanroom: Edit-time error detection with the uniqueness heuristic. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC '10). Madrid, Spain (September 21-25, 2010). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 7-14. Best Paper Winner. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2010). Understanding expressions of unwanted behaviors in open bug reporting. Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC '10). Madrid, Spain (September 21-25, 2010). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, pp. 203-206. Chilana, P.K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Ko, A.J. (2010). Understanding usability practices in complex domains. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '10). Atlanta, Georgia (April 10-15, 2010). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2337-2346. Chilana, P.K., Ko, A.J. and Wobbrock, J.O. (2009). Designing software for unfamiliar domains. Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE '09). In Companion of the International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE '09). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 17, 2009). Washington, D.C.: IEEE Computer Society, p. 22.
	Peer-based support for mental health Understanding and creating tools for peer-to-peer mental health support. [Show 3 publications] O'Leary, K., Schueller, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2018). "Suddenly, we got to become therapists for each other": Designing peer support chats for mental health. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). Montreal, Quebec (April 21-26, 2018). New York: ACM Press, Paper No. 331. Honorable Mention Paper. O'Leary, K., Bhattacharya, A., Munson, S., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2017). Design opportunities for mental health peer support technologies. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '17). Portland, Oregon (February 25-March 1, 2017). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1470-1484. O'Leary, K., Dixon, M., Toomim, M., Wobbrock, J.O. and Pratt, W. (2016). Peer-to-peer psychotherapy tools. Proceedings of the International Society for Research on Internet Interventions Scientific Meeting (ISRII '16). Seattle, Washington (April 7-9, 2016).
	Contemplative Multitasking (NSF funded) Exploring the effects of mindfulness-based meditation training on human-computer multitasking performance. [Show 2 publications] Levy, D.M., Wobbrock, J.O., Kaszniak, A.W. and Ostergren, M. (2012). The effects of mindfulness meditation training on multitasking in a high-stress information environment. Proceedings of Graphics Interface (GI '12). Toronto, Ontario (May 28-30, 2012). Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Information Processing Society, pp. 45-52. Levy, D.M., Wobbrock, J.O., Kaszniak, A.W. and Ostergren, M. (2011). Initial results from a study of the effects of meditation on multitasking performance. Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 2011-2016.
	Improving Statistical Methods in HCI Developing tools and methods for improving statistical analysis in human-computer interaction. [Show 4 publications] Wobbrock, J.O. (2017). The relevance of nonparametric and semi-parametric statistics to HCI. Workshop on "Moving Transparent Statistics Forward." ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '17). Denver, Colorado (May 6-11, 2017), Paper No. 2. Wobbrock, J.O. and Kay, M. (2016). Nonparametric statistics in human-computer interaction. Chapter 7 in J. Robertson and M.C. Kaptein (eds.), Modern Statistical Methods for HCI. Switzerland: Springer, pp. 135-170. Wobbrock, J.O. (2011). Practical statistics for human-computer interaction: An independent study combining statistics theory and tool know-how. Annual Workshop of the Human-Computer Interaction Consortium (HCIC '11). Pacific Grove, California (June 14-18, 2011). Wobbrock, J.O., Findlater, L., Gergle, D. and Higgins, J.J. (2011). The Aligned Rank Transform for nonparametric factorial analyses using only ANOVA procedures. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7-12, 2011). New York: ACM Press, pp. 143-146. Honorable Mention Paper.
	HCI-Q: Using Q-Methodology in HCI Promoting the application and adaptation of Q-methodology for research and design in HCI, especially for technologies for which productivity may be secondary to matters of meaning nad personal significance. [Show 1 publication] O'Leary, K., Wobbrock, J.O. and Riskin, E.A. (2013). Q-methodology as a research and design tool for HCI. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '13). Paris, France (April 27-May 2, 2013). New York: ACM Press, pp. 1941-1950.
	TapSongs: Rhythm-Based Password Entry Devising a user authentication method that uses a single sensor tapped according to a song rhythm. Useful for logging into devices that have no space for keyboards or gestures. [Show 1 publication] Wobbrock, J.O. (2009). TapSongs: Tapping rhythm-based passwords on a single binary sensor. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '09). Victoria, British Columbia (October 4-7, 2009). New York: ACM Press, pp. 93-96.
	EyeWrite Comparing a gestural means of writing with the eyes to traditional eye-typing on an on-screen keyboard. Significantly adapts and extends the EdgeWrite design for text input to the vagaries of eye-tracking. [Show 2 publications] Wobbrock, J.O., Rubinstein, J., Sawyer, M.W. and Duchowski, A.T. (2008). Longitudinal evaluation of discrete consecutive gaze gestures for text entry. Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA '08). Savannah, Georgia (March 26-28, 2008). New York: ACM Press, pp. 11-18. Wobbrock, J.O., Rubinstein, J., Sawyer, M. and Duchowski, A.T. (2007). Not typing but writing: Eye-based text entry using letter-like gestures. Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Communication by Gaze Interaction (COGAIN '07). De Montfort University, Leicester, UK (September 3-4, 2007). IST FP6 European Project, pp. 61-64.
	EdgeWrite Making accessible text entry possible on a variety of devices through a simple, versatile, reusable design using letter-like gestures. EdgeWrite was originally designed as an accessible technology for improving text entry on PDAs, but now has versions on trackballs, joysticks, touchpads, capacitive sensors, four keys, and more. Innovations include continuous recognition feedback, non-recognition retry, slip detection, a four-way scroll ring, and in-stroke word completion. Visit www.edgewrite.com