Brian Kidd

Department: Bioengineering
Year Entered: 2004
Completed Program: 2009

PhD, Bioengineering, University of Washington, 2009
Certificate, Molecular Medicine Training Program, University of Washington, 2009
MS, Stanford University, 2001
BS, University of California San Diego, 1999

Current Pursuits:
I am a staff researcher in the Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection at Stanford University. I am also a Lead Instructor for the Inventor's Workshop at the Tech Museum in San Jose. The Inventor's Workshop is a summer science program for 4-8th graders where they get to learn about inventions and practice being inventors.

Why Molecular Medicine?
While I had a notion of some clinical implications of my work, it wasn't until I started understanding the medical perspective that I really began to examine how my work on allostery provided a direct connection to understanding, and potentially treating, urinary tract infections. The molecular medicine program gave me the intellectual framework to understand the perspective of a clinician. I gained first hand experience with this perspective during my rotation in clinical genetics with Peter Byers. This clinical perspective was further reinforced, and focused toward my research interests, through collaborations with Evgeni Sokurenko and Scott Weissman in microbiology, and fellow graduate student Victoria Rodriguez in bioengineering. We've been able to manipulate the allosteric mechanism of the most common bacterial adhesion protein FimH so it
can be used as a model system for developing therapeutic antibodies that might have clinical value.

Dissertation Abstract

Publications:
Kidd, B. A., Baker, D., & Thomas, W. E. Computation of conformational coupling in allosteric proteins. Under Review at PLoS Comput. Biol..

Kidd, B. A., Ho, P. P., Sharpe, O., Zhao, X., Tomooka, B., Kanter, J. L., Steinman, L. & Robinson, W. H. R. Epitope spreading to citrullinated antigens in mouse models of autoimmune arthritis and demyelination. Arthritis Res. Ther. 10(5), R119 (2008).

Yakovenko, O., Sharma, S., Forero, M., Tchesnokova, V., Aprikian, P., Kidd, B., Mach, A., Vogel, V., Sokurenko, E., & Thomas, W. FimH forms catch bonds that are enhanced by mechanical force due to allosteric regulation. J. Biol. Chem. 283(17), 11596–11605 (2008).

Garren, H., Robinson, W. H., Krasulová, E., Havrdová, E., Nadj, C., Selmaj, K., Losy, J., Nadj, I., Radue, E. W., Kidd, B. A., Gianettoni, J., Tersini, K., Utz, P. J., Valone, F., Steinman, L., and the BHT-3009 Study Group. Phase 2b Multiple Sclerosis Trial of a DNA Vaccine Encoding Myelin Basic Protein. Ann. Neurol. 63(5), 611–620 (2008).

Tchesnokova, V., Aprikian, P., Yakovenko, O., Larock, C., Kidd, B., Vogel, V., Thomas, W., & Sokurenko, E. Integrin-like allosteric properties of the catchbond forming fimh adhesin of e. coli. J. Biol. Chem. 283(12), 7823–7833 (2008).

Aprikian, P., Tchesnokova, V., Kidd, B., Yakovenko, O., Yarov-Yarovoy, V., Trinchina, E., Vogel, V., Thomas, W., & Sokurenko, E. Interdomain interaction in the fimh adhesin of escherichia coli regulates the affinity to mannose. J. Biol. Chem. 282(32), 23437–23446 (2007).

Hueber, W., Tomooka, B. H., Zhao, X., Kidd, B. A., Drijfhout, J. W., Fries, J. F., van Venrooij, W. J., Metzger, A. L., Genovese, M. C., & Robinson, W.H. Proteomic analysis of secreted pro- teins in early rheumatoid arthritis: anticitrulline autoreactivity is associated with up regulation of proinflammatory cytokines. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 66(6), 712–719 (2007).

Ho, P. P., Higgins, J. P., Kidd, B. A., Tomooka, B., Digennaro, C., Lee, L. Y., de Vegvar, H. E. N., Steinman, L., & Robinson, W. H. Tolerizing dna vaccines for autoimmune arthritis. Autoimmunity 39(8), 675–682 (2006). 143

Platten, M., Ho, P. P., Youssef, S., Fontoura, P., Garren, H., Hur, E. M., Gupta, R., Lee, L. Y., Kidd, B. A., Robinson, W. H., Sobel, R. A., Selley, M. L., & Steinman, L. Treatment of autoimmune neuroinflammation with a synthetic tryptophan metabolite. Science 310(5749), 850–855 (2005).

Ho, P. P., Fontoura, P., Platten, M., Sobel, R. A., DeVoss, J. J., Lee, L. Y., Kidd, B. A., Tomooka, B. H., Capers, J., Agrawal, A., Gupta, R., Zernik, J., Yee, M. K., Lee, B. J., Garren, H., Robinson, W. H., & Steinman, L. A suppressive oligodeoxynucleotide enhances the efficacy of myelin cocktail/il-4-tolerizing dna
vaccination and treats autoimmune disease. J. Immunol. 175(9), 6226–6234 (2005).

Hueber, W., Kidd, B. A., Tomooka, B. H., Lee, B. J., Bruce, B., Fries, J.F., Sonderstrup, G., Monach, P., Drijfhout, J. W., van Venrooij, W. J., Utz, P. J., Genovese, M. C., & Robinson, W. H. Antigen microarray profiling of autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 52(9), 2645–2655 (2005).

Fontoura, P., Ho, P. P., DeVoss, J., Zheng, B., Lee, B. J., Kidd, B. A., Garren, H., Sobel, R. A., Robinson, W. H., Tessier-Lavigne, M., & Steinman, L. Immunity to the extracellular domain of nogo-a modulates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J. Immunol. 173(11), 6981–6992 (2004).