The Division of Neurology has been a center of clinical and academic excellence since 1995, and has a mission that includes meeting the health-care needs of patients with neurological issues, advancing knowledge through research in the clinical and basic neurosciences and training the next generation of neurologists in our residency program.
The Division is based at Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center (CHRMC) and provides both out-patient and in-patient consultation and management services for pediatric patients with a variety of neurologic, neuromuscular, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Infants, children, and adolescents with epilepsy, movement disorders, cerebral palsy, developmental delay, headache, and other disorders of the nervous system are evaluated by faculty pediatric neurologists who are certified by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. The Division operates regular clinics at CHRMC and also participates in outreach programs located at a variety of sites in Washington and Alaska. Faculty members also provide in-patient neurologic consultation for patients admitted to all units at CHRMC and to the Intensive Care Nursery at the University of Washington Medical Center. The Division admits children to CHRMC for the evaluation of complex neurologic disorders and administers an in-patient video-EEG telemetry unit where children are admitted for intensive monitoring of epilepsy and other paroxysmal disorders. The Division has epilepsy surgery, ketogenic diet and vagus nerve stimulator programs for the treatment of children with complex epileptic conditions.
Faculty members in the Division of Neurology are engaged in a variety of laboratory-based and clinical research programs. These studies are designed to improve our understanding of both the normal function of the developing nervous system and the pathologic processes which underlie many of the disorders encountered by the faculty in their clinical work, and to improve therapies of children with epilepsy and other disabling neurologic disorders.
Clinical epilepsy research programs (Drs. Sotero, Kuratani, Saneto, Simon, Shurtleff, Warner and Gospe)
A variety of research projects in the Divison focus on pediatric epilepsy and its treatment. Projects include the role of neurosteroids in the treatment of infantile spasms, the management of myoclonic epilepsies of childhood, clinical therapies of medically intractable epilepsy including the ketogenic diet and vagus nerve stimulator, and the long-term outcome of pediatric patients who have undergone epilepsy surgery. The Division also sponsors a patient registry for individuals with pyridoxine-dependent seizures who reside in the US and Canada.
Basic neuroscience research programs (Drs. Bamford, Ferri, Gospe, and Jansen)
Divisional faculty members are engaged in a variety of laboratory-based research studies. These investigations focus on neurodevelopmental mechanisms of brain motor control systems, pathogenesis of brain malformations, the expression of transcription factors during oligodendrocyte development and brain myelization, the development of stem cell therapies for the treatment of white matter disorders, the patch-clamp study of ion channel abnormalities in animal models of pediatric epilepsy, and the neurodevelopmental toxicity of second-hand tobacco smoke.
Representative Faculty Peer-Reviewed Publications (1995-present)
McCullough LA, Westfall TC. Neuropeptide Y inhibits depolarization-stimulated catecholamine synthesis in rat pheochromocytoma cells. European Journal of Pharmacology, 1995;287:271-277.
Cohen BH, Zeltzer PM, Boyett JM, Geyer JR, Allen JC, Finlay JL, McGuire-Cullen P, Milstein JM, Rorke LB, Stanley P,et al. Prognostic factors and treatment results for supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors in children using radiation and chemotherapy: a Childrens Cancer Group randomized trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 1995;13:1687-1696.
Ferri RT, Levitt P (1995) Regulation of regional differences in the differentiation of cerebral cortical neurons by EGF family-matrix interactions. Development 121:1151-1160.
Shurtleff, HA, Massagli, TL, Hays, RM, Ross, BR, Sprunk-Greenfield, H. Screening of mild and moderate traumatic brain injury sequelae in children and adolescents to assist with school re-entry. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation 1995;10:64-79.
Ferri RT, Eagleson KL, Levitt P (1996) Environmental signals influence expression of a cortical area phenotype in vitro independent of effects on progenitor cell differentiation. Developmental Biology 175:184-190.
Eagleson, KL, Ferri, RT, Levitt P (1996) Complementary distribution of Collagen type IV and the epidermal growth factor receptor in the rat embryonic telencephalon. Cerebral Cortex 6:540-549.
McCullough LA, Westfall TC. Mechanism of catecholamine synthesis inhibition by neuropeptide Y: role of Ca2+ channels and protein kinases. Journal of Neurochemistry, 1996,67:1090-1099.
Gospe SM, Zhou SS, and Pinkerton KE. Effects of environmental tobacco smoke exposure in utero and/or postnatally on brain development, Pediatric Research 1996; 39:494-498.
Gospe SM, Zhou SS, Saeed DB, and Zeman FJ. Development of a rat model of toluene-abuse embryopathy, Pediatric Research. 1996;40:82-87.
Saneto RP, Fitch JA and Cohen BH: Acute neurotoxicity of meperidine in an infant. Pediatric Neurology 1996:14;339-341.
Levitt P, Eagleson, KL, Chan AV, Ferri RT, Lillien L (1997) Signaling pathways that regulate specification of neurons in developing cerebral cortex. Developmental Neuroscience 19:6-8.
Shaw DW, Geyer JR, Berger MS, Milstein J, Lindsley KL. Asymptomatic recurrence detection with surveillance scanning in children with medulloblastoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 1997;15:1811-1813.
Feldman KW, Weinberger E, Milstein JM, Fligner CL. Cervical spine MRI in abused infants. Child Abuse and Neglect, 1997;21:199-205.
McCullough LA, Egan TM, Westfall TC. Neuropeptide Y inhibition of calcium channels in PC-12 pheochromocytoma cells. American Journal of Physiology, 1998;274:C1290-C1297.
McCullough LA, Egan TM, Westfall TC. Neuropeptide Y receptors involved in calcium channel regulation in PC12 cells. Regulatory Peptides, 1998;75-6:101-107.
Gospe SM, and Zhou SS. Toluene-abuse embryopathy: longitudinal neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal toluene exposure in rats, Reproductive Toxicology 1998;12:119-126.
Gospe SM. Current perspectives on pyridoxine-dependent seizures, Journal of . Pediatrics, 1998;132:919-923.
Gospe SM, and Hecht ST. Longitudinal MRI findings in pyridoxine-dependent seizures, Neurology 1998;51:74-78.
Saneto RP, Applegate KE and Frankel DG: Atypical manifestation of two cases of trisomy 9 syndrome: rethinking developmental delay. American Journal of Medical Genetics 1998:80;42-45.
Zhou SS, and Gospe SM. Double labeling of proliferating neurons with anti-BrdU and anti-NeuN: an improved immunohistochemical technique utilizing microwave irradiation, Journal of Histotechnology 1998;21:201-204.
Zeltzer PM, Boyett JM, Finlay JL, Albright AL, Rorke LB, Milstein JM, Allen JC, Stevens KR, Stanley P, Li H, et al. Metastasis stage, adjuvant treatment, and residual tumor are prognostic factors for medulloblastoma in children: conclusions from the Children's Cancer Group 921 randomized phase III study. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 1999;17:832-845.
Sankar R and Sotero de Menezes M. Metabolic and endocrine aspects of the ketogenic diet. Epilepsy Research 1999;37:191-201.
Hsiung RY, Sotero de Menezes M. Moya-moya syndrome in a patient with congenital human immunodeficiency virus infection. Journal of Child Neurology 1999;14:268-270.
Sotero de Menezes M, Leaman S. Biochemical basis of fasting and the ketogenic diet. Brazilian Journal of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology. 1999;5:61-75.
Sotero de Menezes M, Leaman S. The Ketogenic Diet II: clinical management of the patients on the diet and efficacy data. Brazilian Journal of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology. 1999;5:146-162.
Giza, CC, Kuratani, JD, Cokely, H, Sankar, R. Periventricular nodular heterotopia and childhood absence epilepsy, Pediatric Neurology 1999;20:315-318
Battaglioli G, Rosen DR, Gospe SM, and Martin DL. Glutamate decarboxylase is not genetically linked to pyridoxine-dependent seizures, Neurology 2000;55:309-311.
Gospe SM, Caruso RD, Clegg MS, Keen CL, Pimstone NR, Ducore JM, Gettner SS, and Kreutzer RA: Paraparesis, hypermanganesemia, and polycythemia: a novel presentation of cirrhosis, Archives of Disease in Childhood 2000:83:439-442.
Gospe SM, and Zhou SS. Prenatal exposure to toluene results in abnormal neurogenesis and migration in rat somatosensory cortex, Pediatric Research 2000;47:362-368.
Kinsman SL, Plawner LL, Hahn JS. Holoprosencephaly: recent advances and new insights. Current Opinion in Neurology 2000;13:127-132.
Saneto RP and Wyllie E: Epilepsy surgery in infancy. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology 2000:7;187-193.
Sotero de Menezes M. Lamotrigine-induced tic disorder: report of five pediatric cases. Epilepsia 2000;41:862-7
Sotero de Menezes M, Connolly M, Bolanos A, Madsen J, Black PM, Riviello, JJ. Temporal lobectomy in early childhood: the need for long-term follow-up, Journal of Child Neurology 2001;16:585-590.
Moore DF, Scott LT, Gladwin MT, Altarescu G, Kaneski C, Pease-Fye M, Ferri R, Brady RO, Herscovitch P, Schiffmann R (2001) Regional cerebral hyperperfusion and nitric oxide pathway dysregulation in Fabry disease: reversal by enzyme replacement therapy. Circulation 104:1506-1512.
Moore DF, Altarescu G, Ling GS, Jeffries N, Frei KP, Weibel T, Charria-Ortiz G, Ferri R, Arai AE, Brady RO, Schiffmann R. (2002) Elevated cerebral blood flow velocities in Fabry disease with reversal after enzyme replacement. Stroke 33(2):525-31.
Bamford NS, Trojaborg W, Sherbany AA, DeVivo, DC: Congenital Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with maternal inflammatory bowel disease is responsive to intravenous immunoglobulin. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology 2002;6:1-5.
Gospe SM. Pyridoxine-dependent seizures: Findings from recent studies pose new questions. Pediatric Neurology 2002;26:181-185.
Plawner LL, Delgado MD, Miller VS, Levey EB, Kinsman SL, Barkovich AJ, Simon, EM, Clegg NJ, Sweet VT, Stashinko EE, Hahn JS. Neuroanatomy of holoprosencephaly as predictor of function: beyond the face predicting the brain. Neurology 2002;59:1058-1066.
Sotero de Menezes MA. Paroxysmal non-epileptic events. Jornal de Pediatria 2002;78(7):s73.
Wong M, Ess KC, Uhlmann EJ, Jansen LA, Li W, Crino PB, Mennerick S, Yamada KA, Gutmann DH. Impaired glial glutamate transport in a mouse tuberous sclerosis epilepsy model. Annals of Neurology, 2003;54:251-256.
Bingel U, Rho JM, Sotero de Menezes MA, Pinter JD. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for children with epileptic spasms. Journal of Child Neurology 2003;18:379-382.
Doherty MJ, Simon, E, de Menezes MS, Kuratani JD, Saneto RP, Holmes, MD, Farrell DF, Watson NF, Dodrill, CB, Miller JW. When might hemispheric favouring of epileptiform discharges begin? Seizure 12:595-598 (2003).
Baynes K, Tomaszewski Farias S, Gospe SM. Pyridoxine-dependent seizures and cognition in adulthood. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 2003;45:782-785.
Bamford NS, Zhang H, Schmitz Y, Wu NP, Cepeda C, Levine MS, Schmauss C, Zakharenko SS, Zablow L, and Sulzer D. Heterosynaptic dopamine neurotransmission selects sets of corticostriatal terminals. Neuron 2004;42:653-663.
Bamford, NS, Robinson, S, Palmiter, RD, Joyce, JA, Moore, C, Meshul, CK Dopamine modulates release from corticostriatal terminals. J Neurosci 2004;24:9541-9552.
Hahn JS, Plawner LL. Evaluation and management of children with holoprosencephaly. Pediatric Neurology 2004;31:79-88.
Saneto, RP, Kotagal, P, Rothner, AD, Baker, J, Kotagal, LL. Valproic acid use in pediatric partial epilepsy after initial medication failure. J of Pediatric Neurology 2004;2:199-203.
Gospe, SM, Bell, RMS: Hospital pharmacy and emergency department availability of parenteral pyridoxine, Ped Emerg Care 2005;9:586-588.
Zerr, DM, Blume, HK, Berg, AT, Del Beccaro, MA, Gospe, SM, Allpress, AL, Christakis, DA: Nonfebrile illness seizures: a unique seizure category? Epilepsia 2005;46:952-955.
Bennett, CL, Huynh, HM, Chance, PF, Glass, IA, Gospe, SM. Genetic Heterogeneity for Autosomal Recessive Pyridoxine-Dependent Seizures. Neurogenetics 2005;6:143-149.
Saneto, RP, Bouldin, A. A boy with muscle weakness, hypercarbia, and the mitochondrial DNA A3243G mutation. J Child Neurol 2006;21:77-79.
Everett, LL, Van Rooyen, IF, Warner, MH, Shurtleff, HA, Saneto, RP, Ojemann, JG. Use of dexmedetomidine in awake craniotomy in adolescents: report of two cases. Pediatric Anesthesia 2006;16:338-342.
Gospe SM. Pyridoxine-dependent seizures: new genetic and biochemical clues to help with diagnosis and treatment, Current Opinion in Neurology 2006;19:148-153.
Pediatric Neurology Residency Program
Program Outline
The Pediatric Neurology Residency Program is a three-year program which includes integrated training and educational experiences through the Core Neurology Residency Program at the University of Washington, as well as an extended period of intensive training in Pediatric Neurology at the Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center in Seattle. Over the three years, trainees will spend 12 months in general (adult) neurology, and 12 months in pediatric neurology. The remaining 12 months are flexible and are reserved for a variety of clinical and neuroscience electives which includes one required month of child psychiatry.
The Program is designed to:
- Train physicians to become competent, skilled clinical pediatric neurologists by providing over three years progressive experience and responsibility in the care of both adult and pediatric patients with neurological conditions.
- Provide exposure to a number of ancillary disciplines including but not limited to neuropathology, electroencephalography, electromyography, neuroradiology, neuro-ophthalmology, neurosurgery, psychiatry, neurodevelopmental disorders and rehabilitation medicine.
- Provide a broad educational experience in the basic neurosciences to form the foundation for understanding and applying the principles of clinical neurology, and to prepare physicians for academic careers.
First year of Pediatric Neurology Training (PN1)
The first year of training is spent primarily as a neurology junior ward resident rotating through the primary hospitals of the Neurology Residency Program of the University of Washington, including the University of Washington Medical Center, Veterans' Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, and Harborview Medical Center. Prior to starting this concentrated adult neurology training, the resident will spend one month at Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center as a neurology junior ward resident. This initial clinical experience will allow the trainee to learn some of the essential skills of obtaining a neurologic history, performing a neurologic exam and developing a differential diagnosis in a more familiar pediatric setting, prior to joining the adult neurology clinical services. The primary goal of this year is to become competent in general adult neurology, including care of acute and chronic neurologic problems and to become adept at exam-based localization of neurological lesions. Residents begin participating in program-wide educational programs including weekly grand rounds, core lecture series, and a twice-monthly basic neuroscience course. In addition to patient care responsibilities on the ward and in outpatient adult neurology clinics, residents participate in the teaching of medical students during their required neurology clinical clerkship. While being immersed in adult neurology, during this year the resident also begins seeing pediatric neurology outpatients in his or her own weekly continuity clinic.
Second year of Pediatric Neurology Training (PN2)
At this time the curriculum of the pediatric neurology program diverges from the standard curriculum of the general neurology program. During the second year, the pediatric neurology residents complete six of the required 12 months of clinical pediatric neurology training. During these months, the residents rotate through various pediatric neurology clinics and serve as Chief Resident of the Pediatric Neurology service at Children's Hospital. The remaining six months are used in flexible elective time, completing half of the required 12 months. During the elective months, residents can choose from a wide range of opportunities including neuropathology, EEG/epilepsy, neurosurgery, neuroradiology, and EMG. During one of these flexible months, the resident will rotate on the child psychiatry service. Each resident's program is individually tailored to meet core educational needs and the interests and career goals of the resident. The Chief Resident months provide outstanding clinical training as Children's is the tertiary referral center for several states. This provides opportunities to see the complete range of neurological illness encountered from pre-term infants to late adolescents. In addition to a busy ward and consult service, residents also benefit from experience on the EEG telemetry unit. Residents also work in a variety of general and subspecialty pediatric neurology clinics (including refractory epilepsy, neuromuscular, neurooncology, genetics, and developmental pediatrics clinics), where cases are staffed by members of the full-time faculty. The residents are also responsible for organizing and presenting at weekly case conferences and several times a year at Neurology Grand Rounds. In addition, the resident supervises and assists in the teaching of junior residents and medical students. Throughout the year, the resident continues to see patients in a weekly continuity clinic.
Third year of Pediatric Neurology Training (PN3)
In the final year of the program, the resident again has six months of clinical pediatric neurology training and six months of flexible elective time. The resident refines skills in clinical pediatric neurology and is expected to develop a more prominent role in teaching of residents and medical students. The resident again sees patients of his or her own in a weekly continuity clinic.
Current University of Washington Pediatric Neurology Residents
| Resident |
Medical School |
Site of Pediatrics Training |
| Jessica Litwin, MD |
Einstein |
Univ. Miami-Jackson Memorial, and North Shore/Long Island Jewish |
| Stephanie Robinett, MD |
Univ. of Mississippi |
Wake Forest |
| Mario Coleman, MD, MPH |
Univ. of Oklahoma |
Univ. of Oklahoma |
| Randal Richardson, MD |
Brown University |
Creighton University |
| Timothy Feyma, MD |
Univ. of Wisconsin |
Penn State |
| Olufemi Soyode, MD |
Univ. of Lagos, Nigeria |
Michigan State, Kalamazoo Program |
Recent Graduates of the University of Washington Pediatric Neurology Program
| Resident |
Post-residency position |
Current Position |
| Sarah Cheyette, MD |
Pediatric Neurology Practice
Edmonds, WA |
Pediatric Neurology Practice
Burlingame, CA |
| Paul Golumbek, MD, PhD |
Postdoctoral Research Fellow
Univ. of Washington |
Instructor of Neurology and Pediatrics
Washington University, St. Louis |
| Nalini Sakaran, MD |
Pediatric Neurology Practice
Bangalore, India |
Pediatric Neurology Practice
Bangalore, India |
| Pierre-Yves Jeannet, MD |
Neuromuscular Fellow
Paris, France |
Junior Faculty
University of Lausanne, Switzerland |
| Ednea Simon, MD |
Clinical Neurophysiology Fellow
Univ. of Washington |
Acting Assistant Professor of Neurology
Univ. of Washington |
| Heidi Blume, MD, MPH |
Robert Woods Johnson Clinical Scholar
Univ. of Washington |
Acting Instructor of Neurology
Univ. of Washington |
| Anthony Bouldin, MD |
Clinical Instructor of Neurology
Univ. of Washington |
Clinical Assistant Professor of Neurology
Univ. of Washington |
| Michael Seyffert, MD |
Postdoctoral Fellow
NYU Child Study Center |
Pediatric Neurology Practice
JFK Medical Center, Edison, NJ |
| Todd Arthur, MD |
Clinical Neurophysiology Fellow
Univ. of Cincinnati |
Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Univ. of Cincinnati |
| Sonia Partap, MD |
Neuro-oncology Fellow
Stanford University |
|
| Ian Miller, MD |
Clinical Neurophysiology Fellow
Miami Children's Hospital |
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Pediatric Neurology Residency Program Applications
The University of Washington Pediatric Neurology Residency Program has two training slots per year (six total). Residents in pediatric neurology are required to have two or three years of ACGME approved training in general pediatrics prior to starting their neurological training. Generally, individuals apply to our program during their final year of medical school (at the same time that they are applying for a pediatrics residency) or later (while they are completing their course of general pediatrics residency training). Applications to our program are made through the Central Application Service (CAS) of the Child Neurology Matching Program (415-447-0350). Please go to the SF Match web site at: http://www.sfmatch.org to obtain application instructions and details about the matching program.
The University of Washington also offers an integrated five-year program in general pediatrics and pediatric neurology. Senior medical students who are interested in this integrated program must apply to our pediatric neurology program via the CAS and directly to the University of Washington Pediatrics Residency Training Program. For information about the Pediatrics Residency Training Program, please go to their web site at http://uwpeds.washington.edu
Sidney M. Gospe, Jr., MD, PhD
Head, Division of Pediatric Neurology
Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center
4800 Sand Point Way NE
Neurology, B-5552
Seattle, WA 98105
telephone 206-987-2078
e-mail sgospe@u.washington.edu
Pediatric Neurology Residency Program Faculty
Sidney M. Gospe, Jr., MD, PhD Sarkowsky Endowed Chair, Professor and Division Head
Clinical interests: general pediatric neurology, neurotoxicology and epilepsy
Research: clinical and neurochemical aspects of pyridoxine-dependent seizures and the effects of fetal toxins on brain development
Research Profile (COS)
Faculty Web Page
Jerrold Milstein, MD, Associate Professor Emeritus
Clinical interests: general pediatric neurology, pediatric neuro-oncology
Research: MR spectroscopy
Research Profile (COS)
Faculty Web Page
John Kuratani, MD Associate Professor and EEG Lab Director
Clinical interest: epilepsy, including EEG, video telemetry and intraoperative corticography; Research: role of neurosteroids in infantile spasms.
Faculty Web Page
Russell Saneto, DO, PhD, Associate Professor
Clinical interest: epilepsy, EEG-video telemetry, mitochondrial disorders; Research: detection and treatment of pediatric epilepsies caused by mitochondrial disease
Faculty Web Page
Marcio Sotero de Menezes, MD, Associate Professor
Clinical interests: epilepsy, EEG-video telemetry, ketogenic diet, vagus nerve stimulator
Research: epilepsy
Research Profile (COS)
Nigel S. Bamford, MD, Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: brain malformations, neurocutaneous disorders, movement disorders and general pediatric neurology
Research: developmental neurobiology, cerebral dysgenesis, and functional development of brain motor control systems
Faculty Web Page
Anthony A. Bouldin, MD, Clinical Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: general pediatric neurology, neuromuscular disease, neurogenetics
Faculty Web Page
Raymond T. Ferri, MD, PhD, Acting Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: neurogenetics, metabolic disorders, disorders of white matter, general pediatric neurology
Research interests: transcription factors expression during oligodendrocyte development and myelin maintenance. Progenitor cell transplants for repair of white matter.
Faculty Web Page
Laura A. Jansen, MD, PhD, Acting Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: general pediatric neurology, epilepsy
Research interests: abnormalities of ion channel function in pediatric epilepsy
Faculty web page link is pending
Lauren L. Plawner, MD, Acting Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: general pediatric neurology, congenital brain malformations
Research interests: neurology education, holoprosencephaly
Hillary Shurtleff, PhD, ABPP-CN, Clinical Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: epilepsy/neuropsychology of epilepsy, outcomes following epilepsy surgery, neuropsychological aspects of mitochondrial disorders
Research interests: neuropsychological aspects of epilepsy
Ednea Simon, MD, Acting Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: epilepsy, EEG-video telemetry, ketogenic diet
Research interests: neonatal epilepsy, infantile spasms
Molly Warner, PhD, ABPP-CN, Clinical Assistant Professor
Clinical interests: epilepsy/neuropsychology of epilepsy, outcomes following epilepsy surgery
Research interests: neuropsychological aspects of epilepsy
Heidi K. Blume, MD, MPH Acting Instructor
Clinical interests: general pediatric neurology
Research interests: neuroepidemiology
Faculty Web Page
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