PDF: S_G-0099-Morphology_transitives_(2004)
Additional Description: Sahaptin Intransitive Verbs. 2 Pages.
Date: 2004-10-18
[spiderpowa-pdf src=”http://depts.washington.edu/sahteach/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/S_G-0099-Morphology_transitives_2004.pdf”]
Retyped Version
This typed version was reviewed and corrected by Prof. Sharon Hargus.
Sahaptin Intransitive Verbs According to linguists currently working with Northwestern tribes in Sahaptin, there is some argument about how to identify pronouns in Sahaptin. We will examine these various terms and continue to work with what we know about our language. The teacher should be careful about explaining these terms to the students in English. It becomes quite confusing to the first learner. We will be as simple as possible in this introduction of pronouns in the native language, and how it is explained in English. The pronouns in Sahaptin are clitics, which are suffixed to the first word of the sentence, whatever that is. The clitic pronouns for intransitive verbs are: =(n)ash 1st person singular (I) =na 1st person plural inclusive 'we' (you and I; including you) =(n)atash lst person plural exclusive 'we' (not including you) wína-Verb 'go'; -sha imperfective present tense suffix 'ing'. táwn Noun. town -kan toward/to 1. Ínk nash wínasha táwnkan. I am going to town. 2. Nap[i]iníkna wínasha táwnkan. We are going to town. (inclusive) 3. Nap[i]iníknatash wínasha táwnkan. We are going to town. (exclusive) 1 The agreement prefixes with intransitive verbs are: i- 3rd person, singular ‘he, she, it’ pa- 3rd person plural ‘they’ The 3rd person singular prefix ‘i-’ is usually left off of any verb that starts with a vowel. There are no prefixes on intransitive verbs with 1st or 2nd person subjects. So in any intransitive 2 sentence there will be something to tell who the subject is —either a clitic pronoun, if the subject is 1st or 2nd person, or a prefix on the verb if the subject is 3rd person. i-wína-na. ‘He/she went’ wína-na-ash. ‘I went’ wína-na-pam. ‘you guys went’
Annotations
All annotations provided by Prof. Sharon Hargus.
1 Comment: In this space was information that is factually incorrect. Deleted Text: There are no 3rd person (he, she, it) pronouns.
2 Comment: This is true for any transitive as well. This is independent of transitivity and, properly speaking, verbs are transitive or intransitive. Sentences contain transitive or intransitive verbs.
OLAC metadata:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <olac:olac xmlns:olac="http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/ http://www.language-archives.org/OLAC/1.1/olac.xsd"> <dcterms:identifier xsi:type="dcterms:URI">S_G-0099-Morphology_transitives_(2004)</dcterms:identifier> <dcterms:accessRights>open access</dcterms:accessRights> <dc:subject xsi:type="olac:linguistic-field" olac:code="applied_linguistics"/> <dc:language xsi:type="olac:language" olac:code="yak"/> <dc:language xsi:type="olac:language" olac:code="en"/> <dc:subject xsi:type="olac:language" olac:code="yak"/> <dc:contributor xsi:type="olac:role" olac:code="compiler">Virginia Beavert</dc:contributor> <dc:contributor xsi:type="olac:role" olac:code="depositor">Edward James</dc:contributor> <dc:contributor xsi:type="olac:role" olac:code="depositor">Mary James</dc:contributor> <dc:contributor xsi:type="olac:role" olac:code="depositor">Sharon Hargus</dc:contributor> <dc:contributor xsi:type="olac:role" olac:code="depositor">Russell Hugo</dc:contributor> <dc:title>Sahaptin Verb Prefixes and Suffixes</dc:title> <dc:subject>Teaching the Sahaptin/Yakama Language</dc:subject> <dc:date xsi:type="dcterms:W3CDTF">2004-10-18</dc:date> <dc:description>Sahaptin Intransitive Verbs. 2 Pages.</dc:description> <dcterms:tableOfContents></dcterms:tableOfContents> <dc:type xsi:type="dcterms:DCMIType">Text</dc:type> <dc:type xsi:type="olac:linguistic-type" olac:code="language_description"/> <dc:format xsi:type="dcterms:IMT">application/pdf</dc:format> <dc:publisher></dc:publisher> <dcterms:spatial xsi:type="dcterms:TGN">Yakima Valley</dcterms:spatial> <dcterms:provenance>The materials were used or developed by Virginia Beavert and recorded by one of her students, Edward James, for a class taught at Heritage University (then Heritage College) during approximately 1987-2000. These materials were given to Sharon Hargus by Edward James' widow, Mary James to be archived. The materials were sorted, scanned, tagged and prepared for archiving by Russell Hugo under the supervision of Sharon Hargus.</dcterms:provenance> </olac:olac>