WRCCRF Publication List (rev. 02-12-07) (year, author)

1995

McCarthy, S. (1995). Intra-canopy variation in shoot morphology in an old-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) canopy. Seattle, University of Washington.

1996

Berg, D. R., T. K. Brown, et al. (1996). "Silvicultural Systems Design with Emphasis on the Forest Canopy." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 31-36.

Carey, A. B. (1996). "Interactions of Northwest Forest Canopies and Arboreal Mammals." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 72-78.

Chen, J., J. F. Franklin, et al. (1996). "Comparison of abiotic and structurally defined patch patterns in a hypothetical forest landscape." Conservation biology 10(3): 854-862.

Clement, J. P. (1996). Structural diversity and epiphyte distribution in old-growth tree crowns. Olympia, The Evergreen State College.

Mathiasen, R. L. (1996). "Dwarf Mistletoes in Forest Canopies." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 61-70.

Nadkarni, N. M., G. G. Parker, et al. (1996). "The International Canopy Network: A Pathway for Interdisciplinary Exchange of Scientific Information on Forest Canopies." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 104-108.

Parks, C. G. and D. C. Shaw (1996). "Death and Decay: A Vital Part of Living Canopies." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 46-53.

Rose, C. L. (1996). "Forest Canopy-Atmosphere Interactions." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 7-14.

Sharpe, F. (1996). "The Biologically Significant Attributes of Forest Canopies to Small Birds." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 86-93.

Shaw, D. C. and K. Bible (1996). "An Overview of Forest Canopy Ecosystem Functions with Reference to Urban and Riparian Systems." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 1-6.

Sillett, S. C. and P. N. Neitlich (1996). "Emerging Themes in Epiphyte Research in Westside Forests with Special Reference to Cyanolichens." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 54-60.

Spies, T. A. and J. F. Franklin (1996). The diversity and maintenance of old-growth forests. Biodiversity in managed landscapes: theory and practice. R. C. Szaro and D. W. Johnson. New York, Oxford University Press: 778.

Stone, J. K., M. A. Sherwood, et al. (1996). "Canopy Microfungi: Function and Diversity." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 37-45.

Van Pelt, R. and M. P. North (1996). "Analyzing Canopy Structure in Pacific Northwest Old-Growth Forests with a Stand-Scale Crown Model." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 15-30.

Winchester, N. N. and R. A. Ring (1996). "Northern Temperate Coastal Sitka Spruce Forests with Special Emphasis on Canopies: Studying Arthropods in an Unexplored Frontier." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 94-103.

Wunder, L. and A. B. Carey (1996). "Use of the Forest Canopy by Bats." Northwest Science 70, Special Issue: 79-85.

1997

Bauerle, W. L. (1997). Diurnal water potential gradients in relation to water loss from old growth Douglas-fir Pseudotsuga menziesii trees. Seattle, University of Washington.

Chen, J. and J. F. Franklin (1997). "Growing season microclimate variability within an old-growth Douglas-fir stand." Climate Research 8: 21-34.

Franklin, J. F. (1997). Ecosystem management: an overview. Ecosystem management. Applications for sustainable forest and wildlife resources. M. S. Boyce and A. Haney. New York, Yale University Press: 21-53.

Franklin, J. F., D. R. Berg, et al. (1997). Alternative silvicultural approaches to timber harvesting. Creating a forestry for the 21st century: the science of ecosystem management. K. A. Kohm and J. F. Franklin. Washington, DC., Island Press: 111-139.

Freeman, E. A. (1997). The effects of data quality on spatial statistics. Masters thesis. Seattle, University of Washington.

Gray, A. N. and J. F. Franklin (1997). "Effects of multiple fire on the structure of southwestern Washington forests." Northwest Science 7(3): 174-185.

Kohm, K. A. and J. F. Franklin (1997). Creating a forestry for the 21st century The science of ecosystem management. Washington, DC., Island Press.

Lindenmayer, D. B. and J. F. Franklin (1997). "Re-inventing the discipline of forestry--a forest ecology perspective." Australian Forestry 60(1): 53-55.

McCune, B. (1997). "Ptychographa, a lichen genus new to North America." The Bryologist 100: 239-240.

McCune, B., K. A. Amsberry, et al. (1997). "Vertical profile of epiphytes in a Pacific Northwest old-growth forest." Northwest Science 71(2): 145-152.

North, M., J. Trappe, et al. (1997). "Standing crop and animal consumption of fungal sporocarps in Pacific Northwest forests." Ecology 78(5): 1543-1554.

Parker, G. G. (1997). "Canopy Structure and Light Environment of an Old-Growth Douglas-fir/Western Hemlock Forest." Northwest Science 71(4): 261-270.

Roberts, D. A., R. O. Green, et al. (1997). "Temporal and spatial patterns in vegetation and atmospheric properties from AVIRIS." Remote Sensing of Environment 62: 223-240.

Rudnicki, M. (1997). Relations of climate and radial increment of western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) in an old growth Douglas-fir forest in SW Washington. Houghton, Michigan Technological University.

Song, B., J. Chen, et al. (1997). "Modeling canopy structure and heterogeneity across scales: From crowns to canopy." Forest Ecology and Management 96: 217-229.

Stork, N. E. (1997). "Craining for a better view: the canopy crane network." Tree 12(11): 418-420.

1998

Acker, S. A., W. A. McKee, et al. (1998). Long-term research on forest dynamics in the Pacific Northwest: a network of permanent plots. Forest diversity in North, Central and South America: research and monitoring. F. Dallmeier and J. A. Comisky. Carnforth, Lancashire, UK, Man and the Biosphere Series Vol. 12, UNESCO and the Parthenon Publishing Group: 93-107.

Field, C. B., M. J. Behrenfeld, et al. (1998). "Primary production of the biosphere: Integrating terrestrial and oceanic components." Science 281: 237-240.

Foster, D. R., D. H. Knight, et al. (1998). "Landscape patterns and legacies resulting from large infrequent forest disturbances." Ecosystems 1: 497-510.

Jasiencki, M., S. C. Thomas, et al. (1998). "Blaming the trees: a critique of research on forest responses to high CO2." TREE 13: 427.

Lyons, B. (1998). Crown structure and spatial distribution of epiphytes on three height classes of western hemlock in an old-growth forest, Wind River, WA. Masters thesis. Olympia, The Evergreen State College.

Mathiasen, R. L. and D. C. Shaw (1998). "Adult sex ratio of western hemlock dwarf mistletoe in six heavily infected western hemlock." Madrono 45: 210-214.

Pressley, S., B. Lamb, et al. (1998). "Emission of biogenic hydrocarbons in relation to physiological activities and carbon budget." A.M.S. Proceedings Journal: 317-320.

Roberts, E. F. (1998). Seasonal and spatial variation in oxidative stress in an old growth Pseudotsuga menziesii canopy. Senior thesis. Portland, Reed College.

Schowalter, T. D. and L. M. Ganio (1998). "Vertical and seasonal variation in canopy arthropod communities in an old-growth conifer forest in southwestern WA, USA." Bulletin of Entomological Research 88: 633-640.

Shaw, D. C. (1998). "Distribution of Larval Colonies of Lophocampa argentata Packard, the Silver Spotted Tiger Moth (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae), in an Old Growth Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii / Western Hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla, Forest Canopy, Cascade Mountains, Washington State." The Canadian Field-Naturalist 112: 250-253.

Song, B. (1998). Three dimensional forest canopies and their spatial relationships to understory vegetation. Houghton, Michigan Technological University.

1999

Bauerle, W. L., T. M. Hinckley, et al. (1999). "The canopy water relations of old-growth Douglas-fir trees." Trees 13: 211-217.

Brown, P. J. (1999). CO₂ exchange, N₂ fixation, and growth of Lobaria oregana transplants in old-growth forest canopy. Senior thesis. Portland, Reed College.

Chen, J., S. C. Saunders, et al. (1999). "Microclimate in Forest Ecosystem and Landscape Ecology." BioScience 49(4): 288-297.

Clement, J. P. and D. C. Shaw (1999). "Crown Structure and the Distribution of Epiphyte Functional Group Biomass in Old-Growth Pseudotsuga menziesii Trees." Ecoscience 6(2): 243-254.

Dinnie, E. (1999). Epicormic production rates in old-growth Douglas-fir. Senior thesis. Seattle, University of Washington.

Dutton, M. (1999). An analysis of western hemlock response to hemlock dwarf mistletoe. Senior thesis. Seattle, University of Washington.

Fessenden, J. E. (1999). Terrestrial Influence on Atmospheric CO₂, A mechanistic study using ¹⁸O. Ph.D. Dissertation. San Diego, University of California.

Franklin, J. F., M. E. Harmon, et al. (1999). Complimentary roles of research and monitoring: lessons from the U.S. LTER Program and Tierra del Fuego. North American Science Symposium. Toward a unified framework for inventorying and monitoring forest ecosystem resources. Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. Nov. 1-6, 1998, USDA Forest Service Proceedings RMRS-P-12. Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fort Collins, CO.: 284-291.

Franklin, J. F., L. A. Norris, et al. (1999). "The history of DEMO: an experiment in regeneration harvest of northwest forest ecosystems." Northwest Science 73, Special Issue(special issue): 3-11.

Lefsky, M. A., W. B. Cohen, et al. (1999). "Lidar remote sensing of biophysical properties of canopy structure of forests of Douglas-fir and western hemlock." Remote Sensing of Environment 70: 339-361.

Lindenmayer, D. B. and J. F. Franklin (1999). Managed unreserved land for biodiversity conservation: the importance of the matrix. Nature conservation 5: Nature conservation in production environments. Managing the matrix. J. L. Craig, N. Mitchell and D. A. Sanders. Chipping Norton, Australia, Surrey Beatty & Sons: 13-15.

Mote, P., D. Canning, et al. (1999). Impacts of climate variability and change, Pacific Northwest. Seattle, WA, NOAA Office of Global Programs and JISAO/SMA Climate impacts group.

North, M., J. F. Franklin, et al. (1999). "Forest stand structure of the northern spotted owl's habitat." Forest Science 45(4): 520-527.

Paw U, K. T., D. D. Baldocchi, et al. (1999). "Correction of eddy-covariance measurements incorporating both advective effects and density fluxes." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 97: 487-511.

Pressley, S. N. (1999). Biogenic hydrocarbon emissions from an old-growth forest and a poplar plantation. Environmental Engineering Masters thesis. Pullman, Washington State University.

Remillard, S. M. (1999). Soil carbon and nitrogen in old-growth in western Oregon and Washington. Masters thesis. Corvallis, Oregon State University.

Shaw, D. and C. Flick (1999). "Are resident songbirds stratified within the canopy of a coniferous old-growth forest?" Selbyana 20(2): 324-331.

Thompson, M. V. and J. T. Randerson (1999). "Impulse response functions of terrestrial carbon cycle models: method and application." Global Change Biology 5: 371-394.

Ustin, S. L., D. A. Roberts, et al. (1999). "Remote sensing methods monitor natural resources." Photonics. Spectra 33: 108-113.

Van Pelt, R. and J. F. Franklin (1999). "Response of understory trees to experimental gaps in old-growth Douglas-fir forests." Ecological Applications 9: 504-512.

Van Pelt, R. and M. North (1999). "Truthing a ground based canopy model using the Wind River Canopy Crane." Selbyana 20: 357-362.

2000

Aber, J., N. Christensen, et al. (2000). Applying ecological principles to management of U. S. National Forests. Issues in Ecology, Ecological Society of America, Washington DC.

Baldocchi, D., J. Finnigan, et al. (2000). "On measuring net ecosystem carbon exchange over tall vegetation in complex terrain." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 96: 257-291.

Bond, B. J. (2000). "Age related changes in photosynthesis of woody plants." Trends in Plant Science 5: 349-353.

Davis, F. W. and D. A. Roberts (2000). Stand structure in terrestrial ecosystems. Methods in Ecosystem Science. O. E. Sala, R. B. Jackson, H. A. Mooney and R. Howarth. New York, Springer-Verlag: 7-30.

Franklin, J. F. and C. B. Halpern (2000). Pacific Northwest Forests. North American terrestrial vegetation. M. G. Barbour and W. D. Billings. Cambridge, UK, Cambridge University Press: 123-159.

Franklin, J. F., D. Lindenmayer, et al. (2000). "Threads of continuity." Conservation Biology in Practice 1(1): 9-16.

Franklin, J. F. and J. A. MacMahon (2000). "Messages form a mountain." Science 288: 1183-1185.

Franklin, J. F., D. Perry, et al. (2000). Simplified forest management to achieve watershed and forest health: a critique. Seattle, WA, National Wildlife Federation: 46.

Hayes, J. P. and J. C. Gruver (2000). "Vertical stratification of bat activity in an old-growth forest in western Washington." Northwest Science 74: 102-108.

Hicks, W. T. (2000). Modeling nitrogen fixation in dead wood. Ph.D. Dissertation. Corvallis, Oregon State University.

Ishii, H. (2000). A canopy perspective of community dynamics of an old-growth Pseudotsuga-Tsuga forest. Seattle, University of Washington.

Ishii, H., J. P. Clement, et al. (2000). "Branch growth and crown form in old coastal Douglas-fir." Forest Ecology and Management 131: 81-91.

Ishii, H., J. H. Reynolds, et al. (2000). "Height growth and vertical development of an old-growth Pseudotsuga-Tsuga forest in southwestern Washington State, U.S.A." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 17-24.

Lewis, J. D., R. B. McKane, et al. (2000). "Vertical gradients in photosynthetic light response within an old-growth Douglas-fir and western hemlock canopy." Tree Physiology 20: 447-456.

Lyons, B., N. M. Nadkarni, et al. (2000). "Spatial distribution and succession of epiphytes on Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock) in an old-growth Douglas-fir forest." Canadian Journal of Botany 78: 957-968.

McCune, B., R. Rosentreter, et al. (2000). "Epiphyte habitats in an old conifer forest in western Washington, U.S.A." The Bryologist 103: 417-427.

Neilson, A. (2000). Bridging scientific research and public education: Developing educational resources on the temperate rain forest canopy for grades 4-12. Masters thesis. Olympia, The Evergreen State College.

Parker, G. G. and M. J. Brown (2000). "Forest canopy stratification - Is it useful?" The American Naturalist 155: 473-484.

Rudnicki, M. and J. Chen (2000). "Relating climate and radial increment of Tsuga heterophylla  in an old-growth Douglas-fir forest in southern Washington." Northwest Science 74: 57-68.

Shaw, D., E. A. Freeman, et al. (2000). "Evaluating the Accuracy of Ground-Based Hemlock Dwarf Mistletoe Rating:  A Case Study using the Wind River Canopy Crane." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 15(1): 8-14.

Shaw, D. C. and S. B. Weiss (2000). "Canopy light and the distribution of hemlock dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium tsugense (Rosendahl) G.N. Jones ssp. tsugense) aerial shoots in an old-growth Douglas-fir/western hemlock forest." Northwest Science 74: 306-315.

Thomas, S. C. and W. E. Winner (2000). "A rotated ellipsoidal angle density function improves estimation of foliage inclination distributions in forest canopies." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 100: 19-24.

Thomas, S. C. and W. E. Winner (2000). "Leaf area index in an old-growth Douglas-fir forest:  an estimate based on direct structural measurements in the canopy." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 1922-1930.

Ustin, S. and A. Trabucco (2000). "Using hyperspectral data to assess forest structure." Journal of Forestry 98: 47-49.

Van Pelt, R. and J. F. Franklin (2000). "Influence of canopy structure on the understory environment in tall, old-growth, conifer forests." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 1231-1245.

Wayburn, L. A., J. F. Franklin, et al. (2000). Forest carbon in the United States: opportunities and options for private lands. Santa Rosa, CA, Pacific Forest Trust, Inc.: 44.

Weiss, S. B. (2000). "Vertical and temporal distribution of isolation in gaps in an old-growth coniferous forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 30: 1953-1964.

2001

Behan-Pelletier, V. M. and B. Eamer (2001). "Mycobatidae (Acari: Orbitida) of Pacific Northwest canopy habitats." The Canadian Entomologist 133: 755-775.

Bible, K. (2001). Long-term patterns of Douglas-fir and western hemlock mortality in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon and Washington. Ecosystem Sciences. Seattle, University of Washington.

Clearwater, M. J. and F. C. Meinzer (2001). "Relationships between hydraulic architecture and leaf photosynthetic capacity in nitrogen fertilized Eucalyptus grandis trees." Tree Physiology 21: 683-690.

Clement, J. P., M. W. Moffett, et al. (2001). "Crown Structure and biodiversity in Fitzroya cupressoides, the giant conifers of Alerce Andino National Park, Chile." Selbyana 22(1): 76-88.

Cordell, S., G. Goldstein, et al. (2001). "Morphological and physiological adjustment to N and P fertilization in nutrient-limited Metrosideros polymorpha canopy trees in Hawaii." Tree Physiology 21: 43-50.

Cordell, S., G. Goldstein, et al. (2001). "Regulation of leaf life-span and nutrient-use efficiency of Metrosideros polymorpha trees at two extremes of a long chronosequence in Hawaii." Oecologia 127: 198-206.

Davis, M. (2001). Seasonal and vertical patterns of canopy Coleoptera in an old-growth conifer forest. Senior thesis. Walla Walla, Whitman College.

Ishii, H. and D. E. Ford (2001). "The role of epicormic shoot production in maintaining foliage in old Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) trees." Canadian Journal of Botany 79: 251-264.

Ishii, H. and M. E. Wilson (2001). "Crown structure of old-growth Douglas-fir in the western Cascade Range, Washington." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31: 1250-1261.

Janisch, J. E. (2001). Carbon storage in a Pacific Northwest conifer forest ecosystems: a chronosequence approach, Oregon State University.

Link, T. (2001). The water and energy dynamics of an old-growth seasonal temperate rain forest. Ph.D. Dissertation. Corvallis, Oregon State University.

Martin, T. A., K. J. Brown, et al. (2001). "Control of transpiration in a 220-year-old Abies amabilis forest." Forest Ecology and Management 152: 211-224.

Meinzer, F. C., M. Clearwater, et al. (2001). "Water transport in trees: Current perspectives, new insights and some controversies." Environmental and Experimental Botany 45: 239-262.

Meinzer, F. C., G. Goldstein, et al. (2001). "Regulation of water flux through tropical forest canopy trees: Do universal rules apply?" Tree Physiology 21: 19-26.

Melcher, P. J., G. Goldstein, et al. (2001). "Water relations of coastal and estuarine Rhizophora mangle: xylem pressure potential and dynamics of embolism formation and repair." Oecologia 126: 182-192.

Parker, G. G., M. A. Lefsky, et al. (2001). "PAR transmittance in forest canopies determined from airborne lidar altimetry and from in-canopy quantum measurements." Remote Sensing of Environment 76: 298-309.

2002

Anderson, R., D. E. Gardner, et al. (2002). "Dieback of Acacia koa in Hawaii: ecological and pathological characteristics of affected stands." Forest Ecology and Management 162: 273-286.

Antoine, M. (2002). Ecophysiology of the cyanolichen Lobaria oregana, Oregon State University.

Apple, M., K. Tiekotter, et al. (2002). "Needle anatomy changes with increasing tree age in Douglas-fir." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 129-136.

Bond, B. J. and J. F. Franklin (2002). "Aging in Pacific Northwest forests: a selection of recent research." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 73-76.

Braun, D. M., B. Runcheng, et al. (2002). "Folivory of vine maple in an old-growth Douglas-fir-western hemlock forest." Northwest Science 76(4): 315-321.

Brooks, J. R., F. C. Meinzer, et al. (2002). "Hydraulic redistribution of soil water during summer drought in two contrasting Pacific Northwest coniferous forests." Tree Physiology 22: 1107-1117.

Brown, P. J. and D. A. Dalton (2002). "In situ physiological monitoring of Lobaria oregana transplants in an old-growth forest canopy." Northwest Science 76(3): 230-239.

Chen, J., M. Falk, et al. (2002). "Biophysical controls of carbon flows in three successional Douglas-fir stands based on eddy-covariance measurements." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 169-177.

Falge, E. and others (2002). "Phase and amplitude of ecosystem carbon release and uptake potentials as derived from FLUXNET measurements." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 75-95.

Fessenden, J. E. and J. R. Ehleringer (2002). "Age-related variations in ¹³C of ecosystem respiration across a coniferous forest chronosequence in the Pacific Northwest." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 159-167.

Franklin, J. F., T. A. Spies, et al. (2002). "Disturbances and structural development of natural forest ecosystems with silvicultural implications, using Douglas-fir forests as an example." Forest Ecology and Management 155: 399-423.

Freeman, E. A. and D. E. Ford (2002). "Effects of data quality on analysis of ecological pattern using the K statistical function." Ecology 83: 35-46.

Irvine, G., B. E. Law, et al. (2002). "Water limitations to carbon exchange in old-growth and young ponderosa pine stands." Tree Physiology 22: 189-196.

Ishii, H. and D. E. Ford (2002). "Persistence of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) in temperate coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest coast, USA." Folia Geobotanica 37: 63-69.

Ishii, H., D. E. Ford, et al. (2002). "Variation in specific needle area of old-growth Douglas-fir in relation to needle age, within-crown position and epicormic shoot production." Tree Physiology 22: 31-40.

Ishii, H., E. D. Ford, et al. (2002). "The role of epicormic shoot production in maintaining foliage in old-growth Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir) trees: basal reiteration from older branch axes." Canadian Journal of Botany 80: 916-926.

Ishii, H. and N. McDowell (2002). "Age-related development of crown structure in coastal Douglas-fir trees." Forest Ecology and Management 169: 257-270.

James, S. A., M. J. Clearwater, et al. (2002). "Variable length heat dissipation probes for the measurement of sap flow in trees with deep sapwood." Tree Physiology 22: 277-238.

Janisch, J. E. and M. E. Harmon (2002). "Successional changes in live and dead wood carbon stores: implications for net ecosystem productivity." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 77-89.

Kennedy, M. C. (2002). A Geometric Simulation Model of Foliage Regeneration in Abies grandis and Pseudotsuga menziesii, University of Washington.

Klopatek, J. M. (2002). "Belowground carbon pools and processes in different age stands of Douglas-fir." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 197-204.

Law, B. E., E. Falge, et al. (2002). "Environmental controls over carbon dioxide and water vapor exchange of terrestrial vegetation." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 97-120.

Lefsky, M. A., W. B. Cohen, et al. (2002). "Lidar remote sensing of aboveground biomass in three biomes." Global Ecology and Biogeography 11: 393-400.

Lefsky, M. A., W. B. Cohen, et al. (2002). "Lidar remote sensing for ecosystem studies." BioScience 52(1): 19-30.

Lindenmayer, D. B. and J. F. Franklin (2002). Conserving forest biodiversity a comprehensive, multi-scaled approach. Washington, DC., Island Press.

McDowell, N., H. Barnard, et al. (2002). "The relationship between tree height and leaf area: sapwood area ratio." Oecologia 132: 12-20.

McDowell, N. G., N. Phillips, et al. (2002). "An investigation of hydraulic limitation and compensation in large, old Douglas-fir trees." Tree Physiology 22: 763-774.

Meinzer, F. C. (2002). "Coordination of vapor and liquid phase water transport properties in plants." Plant, Cell and Environment 25: 265-274.

Parker, G. G., M. M. Davis, et al. (2002). "Canopy light transmittance in Douglas-firwestern hemlock stands." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 147-157.

Phillips, N., B. J. Bond, et al. (2002). "Canopy and hydraulic conductance in young, mature and old Douglas-fir trees." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 205-211.

Scholz, F. G., S. J. Bucci, et al. (2002). "Hydraulic redistribution of soil water by neotropical savanna trees." Tree Physiology 22: 603-612.

Shaw, D. C. and S. A. Acker (2002). "Canopy macrolichens from four forest stands in the southern Sierra mixed conifer forests of Sequoia/Kings Canyon National Park." Madrono 49: 70-77.

Shaw, D. C. and C. J. Flick (2002). "Seasonal variation in vertical distribution of Douglas' squirrel, Tamiasciurus Douglasii, in an old-growth Douglas-fir and western hemlock forest in the morning." Northwestern Naturalist 83: 123-125.

Shaw, D. C., E. A. Freeman, et al. (2002). "The vertical occurrences of small birds in an old-growth Douglas-fir-western hemlock forest stand." Northwest Science 76(4): 322-334.

Smithwick, E. A. H., M. E. Harmon, et al. (2002). "Potential upper bounds of carbon stores in forests of the Pacific Northwest." Ecological Applications 12: 1303-1317.

Thomas, S. and W. E. Winner (2002). "Photosynthetic differences between saplings and adult trees: an integration of field results by meta-analysis." Tree Physiology 22(2/3): 117-127.

Thornton, P. E., B. E. Law, et al. (2002). "Modeling and measuring the effects of disturbance history and climate on carbon and water budgets in evergreen needleleaf forests." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113: 185-222.

Winter, L. E., L. B. Brubaker, et al. (2002). "Canopy disturbances over the five-century lifetime of an old-growth Douglas-fir stand in the Pacific Northwest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32: 1057-1070.

Winter, L. E., L. B. Brubaker, et al. (2002). "Initiation of an old-growth Douglas-fir stand in the Pacific Northwest: a reconstruction from tree-ring records." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32: 1039-1056.

2003

Bucci, S. J., F. G. Scholz, et al. (2003). "Dynamic changes in hydraulic conductivity in petioles of two savanna tree species: factors and mechanisms contributing to the refilling of embolized vessels." Plant, Cell and Environment 26: 1633-1645.

Edelstein, Z. R. and D. E. Ford (2003). "Branch and foliage morphological plasticity in old-growth Thuja plicata." Tree Physiology 23: 649-662.

Fessenden, J. E. and J. R. Ehleringer (2003). "Temporal variation in d¹³C_R of ecosystem respiration in the Pacific Northwest: links to moisture stress." Oecologia 136: 129-136.

Franklin, J. F. (2003). Challenges to temperate forest stewardship-focusing on the future. Towards Forest Sustainability. D. B. Lindenmayer and J. F. Franklin. Collingwood, Australia, CSIRO Publishing: 1-13.

Franklin, J. F. and J. K. Agee (2003). "Forging a science-based National Forest fire policy." Science and Technology 20(1): 59-66.

James, S. A., F. C. Meinzer, et al. (2003). "Axial and radial water transport and internal water storage in tropical forest canopy trees." Oecologia 134: 37-45.

Lindenmayer, D. B. and J. F. Franklin, Eds. (2003). Towards forest sustainability.  231 pp.. Collingwood Australia, CSIRO Publishing.

Lindenmayer, D. B. and J. F. Franklin (2003). Trasitions to ecological sustainability in forests--a synthesis. Towards forest sustinability. D. B. Lindenmayer and J. F. Franklin. Collingwood, Australia, CSIRO Publishing: 205-231.

Meinzer, F. C. (2003). "Functional convergence in plant responses to the environment." Oecologia 134: 1-11.

Meinzer, F. C., S. A. James, et al. (2003). "Whole-tree water transport scales with sapwood capacitance in tropical forest canopy trees." Plant, Cell and Environment 26: 1147-1155.

Moreira, M. Z., F. G. Scholz, et al. (2003). "Hydraulic lift in a neotropical savanna." Functional Ecology 17: 573-581.

Oakley, B. B., M. P. North, et al. (2003). "The effects of fire on soil nitrogen associated with patches of the actinorhizal shrub Ceanothus cordulatus." Plant and Soil 254: 35-46.

Ozanne, C. M. P., D. Anhuf, et al. (2003). "Biodiversity meets the atmosphere: A global view of forest canopies." Science 301: 183-186.

Pataki, D. E., J. R. Ehleringer, et al. (2003). "The application and interpretation of Keeling plots in terrestrial carbon cycle research." Global Change Biology 17: 22.1-22.15.

Phillips, N. G., M. G. Ryan, et al. (2003). "Reliance on stored water increases with tree size in three species in the Pacific Northwest." Tree Physiology 23: 237-245.

Rikkinen, J. (2003). "Chaenothecopsis nigripunctata, a remarkable new species of resinicolous Mycocaliciaceae from western North America." Mycologia 95: 98-103.

2004

Belovsky, G. E., D. B. Botkin, et al. (2004). "Ten Suggestions to strengthen the science of ecology." BioScience 54: 345-351.

Brown, R. T., J. K. Agee, et al. (2004). "Forest restoration and fire: principles in the context of place." Conservation Biology 18(4): 903-912.

Bucci, S. J., G. Goldstein, et al. (2004). "Functional convergence in hydraulic architecture and water relations of tropical savanna trees: from leaf to whole plant." Tree Physiology 24: 891-899.

Bucci, S. J., F. G. Scholz, et al. (2004). "Processes preventing nocturnal equilibration between leaf and soil water potential in tropical savanna woody species." Tree Physiology 24: 1119-1127.

Chen, J., B. Song, et al. (2004). "Spatial relationship of biomass and species distribution in an old-growth Pseudotsuga/Tsuga forest." Forest Science 50: 364-375.

Chen, J., K. T. P. U, et al. (2004). "Net ecosystem exchanges of carbon, water, and energy in young and old-growth Douglas-fir forests." Ecosystems 7: 534-544.

DellaSala, D. A., J. E. Williams, et al. (2004). "Beyond smoke and mirrors: a synthesis of fire policy and science." Conservation Biology 18(4): 976-986.

Domec, J. C., J. M. Warren, et al. (2004). "Native root xylem embolism and stomatal closure in stands of Douglas-fir ponderosa pine: mitigation by hydraulic redistribution." Oecologia 141: 7-16.

Field, C. B. and J. Kaduk (2004). "The carbon balance of an old-growth forest: Building across approaches." Ecosystems 7: 525-533.

Franklin, J. F. (2004). "Old-growth forests, owls, and conservation paradigms." Society of Conservation Biology Newsletter 11(3): 1, 18, 19.

Franklin, J. F. and N. K. Johnson (2004). "Forests face new threat: global market changes." Issues in Science and Technology 20(4): 41-48.

Franklin, J. F. and R. Van Pelt (2004). "Spatial aspects of structural complexity." Journal of Forestry 102: 22-27.

French, J. A. (2004). Ecological interactions between western hemlock dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium tsugense and insects within an old-growth forest. SD121 Th54076, Univ. of Washington MS Thesis.

Harmon, M. E., K. Bible, et al. (2004). "Production, respiration, and overall carbon balance in an old-growth Pseudotsuga/Tsuga forest ecosystem." Ecosystems 7: 498-512.

Ishii, H. T., T. Shin-ichi, et al. (2004). "Exploring the relationships among canopy structure, stand productivity, and biodiversity of temperate forest ecosystem." Forest Science 50: 342-355.

Ishii, H. T., R. Van Pelt, et al. (2004). Age-related development of canopy structure and its ecological function. Forest Canopies. M. D. Lowman and H. B. Rinker. New York, Elsevier Academic Press: 102-117.

Keeton, W. S. and J. F. Franklin (2004). "Fire-related landform associations of remnant old-growth trees in the southern Washington Cascade Range." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 34: 2371-2381.

Lai, C.-T., J. R. Ehleringer, et al. (2004). "Estimating photosynthetic ¹³C discrimination in terrestrial CO₂ exchange from canopy to regional scales." Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18(GB1041): d.o.i. 10.1029/2003GB002148.

Lindenmayer, D. B., D. R. Foster, et al. (2004). "Salvage harvesting policies after natural disturbance." Science 303: 1303.

Lindenmayer, D. B., J. F. Franklin, et al. (2004). "Salvage harvesting fire-damaged wet eucalypt forests in south-eastern Australia: some ecological perspectives." Australian Forestry 67(2): 131-136.

Link, T. E., M. Unsworth, et al. (2004). "The dynamics of rainfall interception by a seasonal temperate rainforest." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 124: 171-191.

Lowman, M. D. (2004). Tarzan of Jane? a short history of canopy biology. Forest Canopies. M. D. Lowman and H. B. Rinker. New York, Elsevier Academic Press: 453-464.

Mariscal, M. J., S. N. Martens, et al. (2004). "Light-transmission profiles in an old-growth forest canopy: simulations of photosynthetically active radiation by using spatially explicit radiative transfer models." Ecosystems 7: 454-467.

Meinzer, F. C., J. R. Brooks, et al. (2004). "Converging patterns of uptake and hydraulic redistribution of soil water in contrasting woody vegetation types." Tree Physiology 24: 919-928.

Meinzer, F. C., S. A. James, et al. (2004). "Dynamics of transpiration, sap flow and use of stored water in tropical forest canopy trees." Tree Physiology 24: 901-909.

Meinzer, F. C., D. R. Woodruff, et al. (2004). "Integrated responses of hydraulic architecture, water and carbon relations of western hemlock dwarf mistletoe infection." Plant, Cell and Environment 27: 937-946.

Moore, G. W., B. J. Bond, et al. (2004). "Structural and compositional controls on transpiration in 40- and 450-year-old riparian forests in western Oregon, USA." Tree Physiology 24: 481-491.

Nadkarni, N. M. and M. M. Sumera (2004). "Old-growth forest canopy structure and its relationship to throughfall interception." Forest Science 50: 290-298.

Nadkarni, N. N., G. G. Parker, et al. (2004). The nature of canopies. Forest Canopies (2nd eds.). M. Lowman and B. Rinker. Amsterdam, Elsevier: 3-23.

North, M., J. Chen, et al. (2004). "Forest stand structure and pattern of old-growth western hemlock/Douglas-fir and mixed-conifer forest." 50(299-311).

Oakley, B. B., M. P. North, et al. (2004). "Diversity and distribution of Frankia strains symbiotic with Ceanothus in California." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70(11): 6444-6452.

Parker, G. G., M. E. Harmon, et al. (2004). "Three-dimensional structure of an old-growth Pseudotsuga-Tsuga canopy and its implications for radiation balance, microclimate, and gas exchange." Ecosystems 7: 440-453.

Paw U, K. T., M. Falk, et al. (2004). "Carbon dioxide exchange between an old-growth forest and the atmosphere." Ecosystems 7: 513-524.

Pressley, S., B. Lamb, et al. (2004). "Monoterpene emissions from a Pacific Northwest old-growth forest and impact on regional biogenic VOC emission estimates." Atmospheric Environment 38: 3089-3098.

Pyles, R. D., K. T. Paw U, et al. (2004). "Directional wind shear within an old-growth temperate rainforest: observations and model results." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 125: 19-31.

Rinker, H. B. and M. D. Lowman (2004). Insect herbivory in tropical forests. Forest Canopies. M. D. Lowman and H. B. Rinker. New York, Elsevier Academic Press: 359-386.

Roberts, D. A., S. L. Ustin, et al. (2004). "Spectral and structural measures of Northwest forest vegetation at leaf to landscape scales." Ecosystems 7: 545-562.

Santiago, L. S., G. Goldstein, et al. (2004). "Leaf photosynthetic traits scale with hydraulic conductivity and wood density in Panamanian forest canopy trees." Oecologia 140: 543-550.

Shaw, D. C. (2004). Vertical organization of canopy biota. Forest Canopies. M. D. Lowman and H. B. Rinker. New York, Elsevier Academic Press: 73-101.

Shaw, D. C., J. F. Franklin, et al. (2004). "Ecological setting of the Wind River old-growth forest." Ecosystems 7: 427-439.

Shaw, D. C., D. M. Watson, et al. (2004). "Comparison of dwarf mistletoes (Arceuthobium spp., Viscaceae) in the western United States with mistletoes (Amyema spp., Loranthaceae) in Australia--ecological analogs and reciprocal models for ecosystem management." Australian Journal of Botany 52: 481-498.

Song, B., J. Chen, et al. (2004). "Three-dimensional canopy structure of an old-growth Douglas-fir forest." Forest Science 50: 376-386.

Sternberg, L. d. S. L., S. Bucci, et al. (2004). "Long range lateral root activity in neo-tropical savanna trees." Plant and Soil 270: 169-178.

Suchanek, T. H., H. A. Mooney, et al. (2004). "Carbon dynamics of an old-growth forest." Ecosystems 7: 421-426.

Unsworth, M. H., N. Phillips, et al. (2004). "Components and controls of water flux in an old-growth Douglas-fir--western hemlock ecosystem." Ecosystems 7: 468-481.

Van Pelt, R. and N. M. Nadkarni (2004). "Development of canopy structure in Pseudotsuga menziesii forest in the southern Washington Cascades." Forest Science 50: 326-341.

Winner, W. E., S. C. Thomas, et al. (2004). "Canopy carbon gain and water use: analysis of old-growth conifers in the Pacific Northwest." Ecosystems 7: 482-497.

Woodruff, D., B. Bond, et al. (2004). "Does turgor limit growth in tall trees?" Plant, Cell and Environment 27: 229-236.

2005

Andrade, J. L., F. C. Meinzer, et al. (2005). "Water uptake and transport in lianas and co-occurring trees of a seasonally dry tropical forest." Trees 19: 282-289.

Bucci, S. J., G. Goldstein, et al. (2005). "Mechanisms contributing to seasonal homeostasis of minimum leaf water potential and predawn disequilibrium between soil and plant water potential in neotropical savanna trees." Trees 19: 296-304.

Czarnomski, N. M., G. W. Moore, et al. (2005). "Precision and accuracy of three alternative instruments for measuring soil water content in two forest soils of the Pacific Northwest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35: 1867-1876.

Franco, A. C., M. Bustamante, et al. (2005). "Leaf functional traits of neotropical savanna trees in relations to seasonal water deficit." Trees 19: 326-335.

Franklin, J. F. (2005). Reconfiguring disturbance, succession, and forest management: the science of Mount St. Helens. Ecological responses to the 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens. V. H. Dale, F. J. Swanson and C. M. Crissafulli. New York, Springer-Verlag: v-vii.

Franklin, J. F. (2005). Spatial pattern and ecosystem function: reflections on current knowledge and future directions. Ecosystem function in heterogeneous landscapes. G. M. Lovett, C. G. Jones, M. G. Turner and K. C. Weathers. New York, Springer-Verlag.

Frenzen, P., K. Hadley, et al. (2005). Geomorphic change and vegetational development on the Muddy River mudflow deposit. Ecological responses to the 1980 eruptions of Mount St. Helens. V. H. Dale, F. J. Swanson and C. M. Crissafulli. New York, Springer-Verlag: 75-91.

Gartner, B. L. and F. C. Meinzer (2005). Structure-function relationships in sapwood water transport and storage. Vascular Transport in Plants. N. M. Holbrook and M. Zwieniecki, Elsevier Academic Press: 307-331.

Hessberg, P. F., J. K. Agee, et al. (2005). "Dry forests and wildland fires of the inland northwest USA: contrasting the landscape ecology of the pre-settlement and modern eras." Forest Ecology & Management 211: 117-119.

Hoffmann, W. A., E. R. d. Silva, et al. (2005). "Seasonal leaf dynamics across a tree density gradient in a Brazilian savanna." Oecologia 145: 307-316.

Janisch, J. E., M. E. Harmon, et al. (2005). "Decomposition of coarse woody debris originating by clearcutting of an old-growth conifer forest." Ecoscience 12(2): 151-160.

Keeton, W. S. and J. F. Franklin (2005). "Do remnant old-growth trees accelerate rates of succession in mature Douglas-fir forests?" Ecological Monographs 75: 103-118.

Larson, A. J. and J. F. Franklin (2005). "Patterns of conifer tree regeneration following an autumn wildfire event in the western Oregon Cascade Range, USA." Forest Ecology & Management 218: 25-36.

McDowell, N. G., J. Licata, et al. (2005). "Environmental sensitivity of gas exchange in different-sized trees." Oecologia: DOI 10.1007/s00442-005-0104-6.

Meinzer, F. C., B. J. Bond, et al. (2005). "Does water use scale universally with tree size?" Functional Ecology 19: 558-565.

Ogunjemiyo, S., G. G. Parker, et al. (2005). "Reflections in bumpy terrain: implications of canopy surface variations for he radiation balance of vegetation." IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters d.o.i. 10.1109/LGRS.2004.841418.

Shaw, D., J. Chen, et al. (2005). "Spatial and population characteristics of dwarf mistletoe infected trees in an old-growth Douglas-fir - western hemlock forest." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 35: 990-1001.

Warren, J. M., F. C. Meinzer, et al. (2005). "Vertical stratification of soil water storage and release dynamics in Pacific Northwest coniferous forests." Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 130: 39-58.

2006

Acker, Steven A., J. F. Franklin, S. E. Greene, T. B. Thomas, R. Van Pelt, K. J. Bible.  2006.  Two decades of stability and change in old-growth forest at Mount Rainier National Park.  Northwest Science 80: 65-72.

Brooks, J. R., F. C. Meinzer, et al. (2006). "Hydraulic redistribution in a Douglas-fir forest: lessons from system manipulations." Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 138-150.

Bucci, S.J., F.G. Scholz, G. Goldstein, F.C. Meinzer, A.C. Franco, P.I. Campanello, R. Villalobos-Vega, M. Bustamante and F. Miralles-Wilhelm. 2006. Nutrient availability constrains the hydraulic architecture and water relations of savanna trees. Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 2153-2167.

Domec, J.C., B.L. Gartner and F.C. Meinzer. 2006. Bordered pit structure and function determine spatial patterns of air-seeding thresholds in xylem of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii; Pinaceae) trees. American Journal of Botany 93: 1588-1600.

Domec, J. C., F. C. Meinzer, et al. (2006). "Transpiration-induced axial and radial tension gradients in trunks of Douglas-fir trees." Tree Physiology 26: 275-284.

Domec, J. C., F. G. Scholz, et al. (2006). "Diurnal and seasonal variation in root xylem embolism in neotropical savanna woody species: impact on stomatal control of plant water status." Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 26-35.

Ishii, H. and T. Kadotani (2006). "Biomass and dynamics of attached dead branches in the canopy of 450-year-old Douglas-fir trees." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36: Galley.

Ishii, H. and T. Kadotani (2006). "Biomass and dynamics of attached dead branches in the canopy of 450-year-old Douglas-fir trees." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36: 378-389.

Larson, A. J., and J. F. Franklin.  2006.  Structural segregation and scales of spatial dependency in Abies amabilis forests.  Journal of Vegetation Science 17:489-498.

Lai, C.-T., J. R. Ehleringer, et al. (2006). "Contributions of evaporation, isotopic non-steady state transpiration and atmospheric mixing on the delta ¹⁸O of water vapour in Pacific Northwest coniferous forests." Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 77-94.

Lindenmayer, D. B., J. F. Franklin, and J. Fischer.  2006.  General management principles and a checklist of strategies to guide forest biodiversity conservation.  Biological Conservation 131: 433-445.

Meinzer, F. C., J. R. Brooks, et al. (2006). Dynamics of water transport and storage in conifers studied with deuterium and heat tracing techniques. Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 105-114.

Ryan, M. G., N. Phillips, et al. (2006). "The hydraulic limitation hypothesis revisited." Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 367-381.

Renninger, H.J., B.L. Gartner and F.C. Meinzer. 2006. Effects of release from suppression on wood functional charactersitics in Douglas-fir and western hemlock. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36: 2038-2046.

Schulte, P. J. (2006). Water flow through junctions in Douglas-fir roots. Plant, Cell and Environment 29: 70-76.
Weber, M. H., K. S. Hadley, P. M. Frenzen, and J. F. Franklin.  2006.  Forest development following mudflow deposition, Mount St. Helens, Washington.  Canadian Journal of Forest Research 36: 437-449.

Shulte, L. A., R. J. Mitchell, M. L. Hunter Jr., J. F. Franklin, R. K. McIntyre, B. J. Palik.  2006.  Evaluating the conceptual tools for forest biodiversity conservation and their implementation in the U.S.  Forest Ecology and Management 232: 1-11.

Thomas, J. W., J. F. Franklin, J. Gordon, and K. N. Johnson.  2006.  The Northwest forest plan: origins, components, implementation experience, and suggestions for change.  Conservation Biology 20: 277-287.

2007

Renninger, H.J., F.C. Meinzer and B.L. Gartner. 2007. Hydraulic architecture and photosynthetic capacity as constraints on release from suppression in Douglas-fir and western hemlock. Tree Physiology 27: 33-42.

Scholz, F.G., S.J. Bucci, G. Goldstein, F.C. Meinzer, A.C. Franco and F. Miralles-Wilhelm. 2007. Removal of nutrient limitations by long-term fertilization decreases nocturnal water loss in savanna trees. Tree Physiology 27: 551-559.

Scholz, F.G., S.J. Bucci, G. Goldstein, F.C. Meinzer, A.C. Franco and F. Miralles-Wilhelm. 2007. Biophysical properties and functional significance of stem water storage tissues in neo-tropical savanna trees. Plant, Cell and Environment 30: 236-248.