Policy on Destructive Sampling of Herbarium Specimens

The University of Washington Herbarium both preserves botanical specimens and makes them available for study. Most uses of specimens, such as examining plant morphology or recording locality data, preserve the specimen for future use. Some uses, such as anatomical preparations or removal of tissue for DNA extraction, are destructive to the specimen. Destructive uses are strongly discouraged. However, the removal of a small amount of material often does not compromise the worth of the specimen, and may actually enhance it when the specimen becomes a voucher for research.

  • Herbarium specimens should not be considered the first source of material. Other sources include botanical gardens, horticultural suppliers, and field collections. With advance notice, many herbaria and native plant societies can find local collectors to assist with field collections.
  • Destructive sampling is the exception, not the norm. Permission to remove material must be requested in writing, in advance. It is subject to specimen by specimen approval. It may be requested that staff at the University of Washington supply materials from specimens. This is subject to the usual criteria. Photocopies of labels and specimens may be supplied, but this is also done at the discretion of the staff.
  • Only specimens with abundant material of the tissue to be sampled may be used.
  • Type specimens or other historically significant specimens may not be used for destructive sampling unless:
        1. the information to be obtained is critically important
        2. sufficient material is present
        3. absolutely no other way exists to obtain the needed material
        4. special permission is granted
    Annotation labels must be added to specimens from which material is removed. The annotation must indicate what was removed, when, where, and by whom, and where material is deposited. Example: "Leaf material removed for DNA extraction at the University of Washington by Alan Yen. 23 January 1996. For doctoral study on the phylogeny of the Cyperaceae. Unused DNA banked at the University of Washington." Thank you for your cooperation. Please contact us before proceeding with any destructive sampling that has not previously been approved in writing.