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African American firsts in Seattle/ King County
- Manual Lopes, First African American in Seattle, 1852 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2750
- First African American at UW, 1874 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1606
- William Grose, First African American in CD, 1882 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=393
- First black police officer in Seattle resigns quickly, 1890http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=273
- Boeing hires first African American employee 1942 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2916
- Harborview hires its first black nurse 1943 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2974
- Seattle’s first black bus driver lasts 4 months before he quits due to insults, 1945http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2967
- Seattle hires first black public school teachers, 1947
- First black state legislator from King County 1950 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=674
- Martin Luther King Jr. makes first and only visit to Seattle, 1961http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=673
- Seattle elects its first black City Councilmember, Sam Smith 1967http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1989
- First black UW regent, 1970 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2202
- First black woman on school board, 1975 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=291
- Rainier Club admits first black member, 1977 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2962
- Norm Rice elected Seattle’s first black mayor, 1989 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2234
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African American 1960s Civil Rights Leader Profiles
- Philip Burton http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=321
- Walter Hundley http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3173
- Sam Smith http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=63
- Charles Stokes http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=674
- Edwin Pratt
- Biography http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=62
- History of murder/ search for justice http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=4142
- Ben McAdoo http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1161
- Rev. McKinney http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=152
- Charles V. Johnson http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=31
- Roberta Byrd Barr http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=306
- Flo Ware http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1145
- Dorothy Hollingsworth http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=291
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Civil Rights Organizations
- Christian Friends for Racial Equality (CFRE)
- History http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3164
- Oral History http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2427
- Bertha Pitts Cambell, co-founder http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=28
- Seattle Civic Unity Committee
- NAACP
- Jackson Street Community Council http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1142
- El Centro de la Raza http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2588
- ACLU
- Civil Rights Congress http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=603
- American Jewish Committee http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=666
- Christian Friends for Racial Equality (CFRE)
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Open Housing
- Renton Hill community club creates whites only covenant, 1929 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3158
- Civic Unity Committee challenges restrictive covenants, 1948 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3153
- Battles in Madrona/ Denny Blaine over housing discrimination, 1956 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1056
- Sit ins at city hall 1963 partly driven by open housing movement
- Seattle rejects open housing, 1964 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3154
- Elliot Coulden and other Seattle-area real estate agents go to Washington, DC to testify against open housing legislation, 1960s http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3500
- Martin Luther King, Jr.’s assassination prompts Seattle City Council to finally pass open housing, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1384
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Busing in Seattle
- History of busing in Seattle http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3939
- History of anti-busing movement in Seattle http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3943
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African Americans and the Seattle police department
- First African American cop in Seattle quickly resigns, 1890http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=273
- Governor pardons cops for killing Seattle African American, 1939http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3477
- Mayor’s Advisory Committee on Police Practices, 1955 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2938
- Walter Lawson, one of Seattle’s few black cops in the 1960shttp://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1165
- “Riots” in the Central District, Summer, 1968
- Seattle Police Liaison Committee starts, August 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1942
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Black Panther Party for Self Defense, Seattle Chapter
- Founded April, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1382
- Peace and Freedom Party, July, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1520
- Peace and Freedom Party, September , 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1557
- Seattle bans unconcealed weapons used “for intimidation,” September, 1968http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1561
- Rainier Beach High School Confrontation, September, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2293
- Welton Armstead killed, October, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3605
- Curtis Harris convicted of threatening officer, October, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1571
- Sidney Miller killed while shoplifting, November, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1581
- Aaron Dixon acquitted of stealing typewriter, December, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1590
- Sydney Miller Free Medical Clinic founded, December, 1968http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1335
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UW Black Student Union
- http://students.washington.edu/bsu/
- Franklin High School Sit In, March, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1378
- University of Washington Sit In, May, 1968
- Lead up negotiations
- Sit in, May 20, 1968
- UW administration endorses black studies program
- Sit in at Franklin High, June, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1240
- Cleveland High protests , November, 1968 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=1582
- Seattle Central Community College Protests, March-April, 1969
- Massive protests against UW affiliation with Brigham Young University (BYU), March, 1970 http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2194
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African American Churches
- Mt Zion Baptist Church
- First AME Church
- African American Grace Presbyterian merges with Madrona Presbyterian Church, only to have Madrona Presbyterian sell its buildings, leave the Central District, and move to predominantly white Mercer Island, 1953. http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=4248
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African Americans in the arts
- Federal Theatre Project, Seattle Negro Unit
- Negro Unit http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3976
- Seattle Rep http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3978
- Seattle Rep founders Burton and Florence James http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=598
- Black Arts/ West 5 Part Historical Essay http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.CFM?file_ID=3921
- Seattle Music and race
- Dave Holden Oral History http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2562
- Grace Holden Oral History http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2505
- Parker’s Ballroom http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3827
- Seattle Symphony’s first African American http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=3885
- Individual Musicians
- Powell Barnett http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=307
- Jimi Hendrix http://www.historylink.org/essays/output.cfm?file_id=2498
- Jackson Street music scene
- Federal Theatre Project, Seattle Negro Unit