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Drain Global Research Group

Publications

This page contains a select list of select Publications and Presentations.

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Ahls, Charlotte L.; Emsweller, Duncan; Helfers, Seth J.; Niu, Xin; Wilson, Douglas; Padgett, Leah R.; Drain, Paul K. (2024). No extraction? No problem. Direct to PCR processing of tongue swabs for diagnosis of tuberculosis disease as an alternative to sputum collection. Microbiol Spectr, 12(1). doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.03107-23PMID: 38063389
Drain, Paul K.; Dalmat, Ronit R. (2024). The elusive allure of a rapid host blood signature for tuberculosis disease. J Clin Microbiol, 62(2). doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01289-23PMID: 38270458
Dorward, Jienchi; Govender, Katya; Moodley, Pravikrishnen; Lessells, Richard; Samsunder, Natasha; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Fanshawe, Thomas R.; Turner, Philip J.; Butler, Christopher C.; Drain, Paul K.; Hayward, Gail N.; Garrett, Nigel (2024). Urine tenofovir and dried blood spot tenofovir diphosphate concentrations and viraemia in people taking efavirenz and dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy. AIDS, 38(5), 697-702. doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000003818PMID: 38126342
Ojeaburu, Sheila O.; Dorward, Jienchi; Violette, Lauren R.; Gibbs, Andrew; Shozi, Hlengiwe; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Mhlongo, Thobile; Ngobese, Hope; Garrett, Nigel; Drain, Paul K. (2024). Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Outcomes Among Women Living with HIV in Durban, South Africa. AIDS Behav, 28(7), 2247-2257. doi.org/10.1007/s10461-024-04318-xPMID: 38869756
Violette, Lauren R.; Thomas, Katherine K.; Dorward, Jienchi; Quame‐Amaglo, Justice; Garrett, Nigel; Drain, Paul K. (2024). Early HIV viral suppression associated with subsequent 12‐month treatment success among people living with HIV in South Africa. HIV Medicine, 25(6), 759-765. doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13633PMID: 38488308
Mahmoudi, Shima; García, Maria J; Drain, Paul K (2024). Current approaches for diagnosis of subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis, clinical implications and future perspectives: a scoping review. Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 20(7), 715-726. doi.org/10.1080/1744666x.2024.2326032PMID: 38879875
Drain, Paul K. (2024). Another Step Closer to Genomic-informed Therapeutic Dosing for Tuberculosis Drugs. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 209(12), 1427-1428. doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202403-0566edPMID: 38648185
Chiramal, Justy Antony; Johnson, Jacob; Webster, Jemin; Nag, D. Rachel; Robert, Dennis; Ghosh, Tamaghna; Golla, Satish; Pawar, Saniya; Krishnan, Pranav; Drain, Paul K.; Mooney, Stephen J. (2024). Artificial Intelligence-based automated CT brain interpretation to accelerate treatment for acute stroke in rural India: An interrupted time series study. PLOS Glob Public Health, 4(7), e0003351. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003351PMID: 39047001
Webber, Eliza; Bishop, Sonia; Drain, Paul K.; Dupuis, Virgil; Garza, Lorenzo; Gregor, Charlie; Hassell, Laurie; Ibarra, Geno; Kessler, Larry; Ko, Linda; Lambert, Alison; Lyon, Victoria; Rowe, Carly; Singleton, Michael; Thompson, Matthew; Warne, Teresa; Westbroek, Wendy; Adams, Alexandra (2024). Critical lessons from a pragmatic randomized trial of home‐based COVID‐19 testing in rural Native American and Latino communities. The Journal of Rural Health, 40(4), 709-719. doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12830PMID: 38449317
Olanrewaju AO, Sullivan BP, Lo TJ, Cressey TR, Drain PK, Posner JD. Pilot validation of an enzymatic assay for rapid measurement of long-term antiretroviral drug concentrations. bioRxiv. In press [original work].
Dhana A, Maartens G, Drain PK, et al. Clinical prediction model that incorporates CRP. Eur Resp Review. In press [original work].

Cantera, J. L.; Rashid, A. A.; Lillis, L. M.; Peck, R. B.; Drain, P. K.; Shapiro, A. E.; Wilson, D. P. K.; Pinter, A.; Kawasaki, M.; Moreau, E.; Boyle, D. S. (2023). Isolation and purification of lipoarabinomannan from urine of adults with active TB. int j tuberc lung dis, 27(1), 75-77. doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.22.0372PMID: 36853126
Drain, Paul K.; Dalmat, Ronit R.; Hao, Linhui; Bemer, Meagan J.; Budiawan, Elvira; Morton, Jennifer F.; Ireton, Renee C.; Hsiang, Tien-Ying; Marfatia, Zarna; Prabhu, Roshni; Woosley, Claire; Gichamo, Adanech; Rechkina, Elena; Hamilton, Daphne; Montaño, Michalina; Cantera, Jason L.; Ball, Alexey S.; Golez, Inah; Smith, Elise;…Gale, Michael (2023). Duration of viral infectiousness and correlation with symptoms and diagnostic testing in non-hospitalized adults during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection: A longitudinal cohort study. Journal of Clinical Virology, 161, 105420. doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105420PMID: 36913789
Golden, Allison; Oliveira-Silva, Michelle; Slater, Hannah; Vieira, Alexia Martines; Bansil, Pooja; Gerth-Guyette, Emily; Leader, Brandon T.; Zobrist, Stephanie; Braga Ferreira, Alan Kennedy; Santos de Araujo, Erika Crhistina; de Lucena Cruz, Catherine Duran; Garbin, Eduardo; Bizilj, Greg T.; Carlson, Sean J.; Sagalovsky, Mariana; Pal, Sampa; Gupta, Vin; Wolansky, Leo; Boyle, David S.;…Domingo, Gonzalo J. (2023). Antigen concentration, viral load, and test performance for SARS-CoV-2 in multiple specimen types. PLoS ONE, 18(7), e0287814. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287814PMID: 37467188
Wang, Melody; Violette, Lauren R.; Dorward, Jienchi; Ngobese, Hope; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Bulo, Elliot; Quame-Amaglo, Justice; Thomas, Katherine K.; Garrett, Nigel; Drain, Paul K. (2023). Delivery of Community-based Antiretroviral Therapy to Maintain Viral Suppression and Retention in Care in South Africa. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 93(2), 126-133. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000003176PMID: 36796353
Hao, Linhui; Hsiang, Tien-Ying; Dalmat, Ronit R.; Ireton, Renee; Morton, Jennifer F.; Stokes, Caleb; Netland, Jason; Hale, Malika; Thouvenel, Chris; Wald, Anna; Franko, Nicholas M.; Huden, Kristen; Chu, Helen Y.; Sigal, Alex; Greninger, Alex L.; Tilles, Sasha; Barrett, Lynn K.; Van Voorhis, Wesley C.; Munt, Jennifer;…Gale, Michael (2023). Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 VOC Neutralization and Novel mAb Reveal Protection against Omicron. Viruses, 15(2), 530. doi.org/10.3390/v15020530PMID: 36851745
Tu, Yuan-Po; Green, Christopher; Hao, Linhui; Greninger, Alexander L.; Morton, Jennifer F.; Sights, Heather A.; Gale, Michael; Drain, Paul K. (2023). COVID-19 Antigen Results Correlate with the Quantity of Replication-Competent SARS-CoV-2 in a Cross-Sectional Study of Ambulatory Adults during the Delta Wave. Microbiol Spectr, 11(3). doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.00064-23PMID: 37097146
Keener Mast, Dana; Gwynn, Lisa; Johnson, Sara B.; McDaniels-Davidson, Corinne; Hoffman, Rosanne; Pulgaron, Elizabeth R.; D’Agostino, Emily M.; Ko, Linda K.; Goldman, Jennifer L.; Drain, Paul K.; Schuster, Jennifer E.; Duran, Miriana C.; Kiene, Susan M.; Oren, Eyal; Corneli, Amy (2023). A Multi-Study Synthesis of Facilitators and Barriers to SARS-CoV-2 Testing Enrollment in School Settings. Pediatrics, 152(Supplement 1). doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-060352jPMID: 37394502
Pulgaron, Elizabeth R.; D’Agostino, Emily M.; Johnson, Sara B.; Ko, Linda K.; Drain, Paul K.; Duran, Miriana C.; Keener Mast, Dana; Kay, Shelley; Layer, Marcus A.; Kenworthy, Tara; Dozier, Ann (2023). Reflections From School Communities in Underserved Populations on Childhood COVID-19 Vaccination. Pediatrics, 152(Supplement 1). doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-060352mPMID: 37394501
Dorward, Jienchi; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Lessells, Richard; Bulo, Elliot; Naidoo, Jessica; Naidoo, Keshani; Bodley, Nicola; Khanyile, Mlungisi; Van Vuuren, Claudia Jansen; Moodley, Pravikrishnen; Samsunder, Natasha; Lewis, Lara; Drain, Paul K.; Hayward, Gail; Butler, Christopher C.; Garrett, Nigel (2023). Point-of-Care Viral Load Testing to Manage HIV Viremia During the Rollout of Dolutegravir-Based ART in South Africa: A Randomized Feasibility Study (POwER). JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 93(5), 403-412. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000003212PMID: 37120720
Drain, Paul K.; Bemer, Meagan; Morton, Jennifer F.; Dalmat, Ronit; Abdille, Hussein; Thomas, Katherine; Uppal, Timsy; Hau, Derrick; Green, Heather R.; Gates-Hollingworth, Marcellene A.; AuCoin, David P.; Verma, Subhash C. (2022). Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Testing Across SARS-CoV-2 Variants. SSRN Journal. doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4047361
Drain, Paul K; Chiklis, Gregory; Guest, Poppy; Lindner, Nigel M; Ellis, Jayne E (2022). Performance study of a point-of-care antigen test during the SARS-CoV-2 Delta to Omicron variant transition in the USA. medRxiv. doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274962
Nkinsi, Naomi T.; Galagan, Sean R.; Benzekri, Noelle A.; Govere, Sabina; Drain, Paul K. (2023). Food Insecurity at HIV Diagnosis Associated with Subsequent Viremia Amongst Adults Living with HIV in an Urban Township of South Africa. AIDS Behav, 27(11), 3687-3694. doi.org/10.1007/s10461-023-04085-1PMID: 37249804
Drain PK, Dorward J, Violette LR, Quame-Amaglo J, Thomas KK, Samsunder N, Ngobese H, Mlisana K, Moodley P, Donnell D, Barnabas RV, Naidoo K, Abdool Karim SS, Celum C, Garrett N; STREAM Study Team. Point-of-care HIV viral load testing improves treatment outcomes. Lancet HIV. In press [original work].
Olanrewaju AO, Sullivan BP, Lo TJ, Cressey TR, Drain PK, Posner JD. Pilot validation of an enzymatic assay for rapid measurement of long-term antiretroviral drug concentrations. bioRxiv. In press [original work].
Ramirez, Magaly; Bishop, Sonia; Ibarra, Genoveva; Shah, Parth; Duran, Miriana C.; Chae, Hwa Young; Hassell, Laurie; Garza, Lorenzo; Linde, Sandra; Garrison, Michelle M.; Drain, Paul K.; Ko, Linda K. (2023). An agricultural community’s perspectives on COVID-19 testing to support safe school reopening. Front. Public Health, 11. doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1215385PMID: 37601218
Dhana A, Maartens G, et al. Clinical prediction model that incorporates CRP. Eur Resp Review. In press [original work].
Wilson, Douglas; Cudahy, Patrick; Drain, Paul K (2023). Urine and sputum tuberculosis tests: defining the trade-offs in endemic HIV and tuberculosis settings. The Lancet Global Health, 11(6), e809-e810. doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(23)00215-2PMID: 37202010

Drain, Paul K; Chiklis, Gregory; Guest, Poppy; Lindner, Nigel M; Ellis, Jayne E (2022). Performance study of a point-of-care antigen test during the SARS-CoV-2 Delta to Omicron variant transition in the USA. medRxiv. doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.11.22274962
Drain, Paul K. (2022). Rapid Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2. N Engl J Med, 386(3), 264-272. doi.org/10.1056/nejmcp2117115PMID: 34995029
Drain, Paul; Sulaiman, Raed; Hoppers, Melanie; Lindner, Nigel M; Lawson, Vicki; Ellis, Jayne E (2021). Performance of the LumiraDx Microfluidic Immunofluorescence Point-of-Care SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Test in Asymptomatic Adults and Children. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 157(4), 602-607. doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqab173PMID: 34668536
Zhang, Jane Y.; Zhang, Yu; Bender, Andrew T.; Sullivan, Benjamin P.; Olanrewaju, Ayokunle O.; Lillis, Lorraine; Boyle, David; Drain, Paul K.; Posner, Jonathan D. (2022). HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence test using reverse transcription isothermal amplification inhibition assay. Anal. Methods, 14(13), 1361-1370. doi.org/10.1039/d2ay00008cPMID: 35297917
Sevenler, Derin; Niu, Xin; Dossantos, Sandy; Toner, Mehmet; Cressey, Tim R.; Sandlin, Rebecca D.; Drain, Paul K. (2022). Point-of-care semi-quantitative test for adherence to tenofovir alafenamide or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 77(4), 996-999. doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkab487PMID: 35038336
Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani; Lessells, Richard; Dzinamarira, Tafadzwa; Drain, Paul; Thabane, Lehana (2022). Co-creation of HIVST delivery approaches for improving urban men’s engagement with HIV services in eThekwini District, KwaZulu-Natal: nominal group technique in intervention development. Pilot Feasibility Stud, 8(1). doi.org/10.1186/s40814-022-01083-3PMID: 35681229
Montaño, Michalina A.; Bemer, Meagan J.; Heller, Kate B.; Meisner, Allison; Marfatia, Zarna; Rechkina, Elena A.; Padgett, Leah R.; Ahls, Charlotte L.; Rains, Douglas; Hao, Linhui; Hsiang, Tien-Ying; Cangelosi, Gerard A.; Greninger, Alexander L.; Cantera, Jason L.; Golden, Allison; Peck, Roger B.; Boyle, David S.; Gale, Michael; Drain, Paul K. (2022). Performance of anterior nares and tongue swabs for nucleic acid, Nucleocapsid, and Spike antigen testing for detecting SARS-CoV-2 against nasopharyngeal PCR and viral culture. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 117, 287-294. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.009PMID: 35149246
Olanrewaju, Ayokunle O.; Sullivan, Benjamin P.; Gim, Alicia H.; Craig, Cosette A.; Sevenler, Derin; Bender, Andrew T.; Drain, Paul K.; Posner, Jonathan D. (2022). REverSe TRanscrIptase chain termination (RESTRICT) for selective measurement of nucleotide analogs used in HIV care and prevention. Bioengineering & Transla Med, 8(1). doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10369PMID: 36684094
Shapiro, Adrienne E.; Olson, Alaina M.; Kidoguchi, Lara; Niu, Xin; Ngcobo, Zinhle; Magcaba, Zanele P.; Ngwane, Mduduzi W.; Whitman, Grant R.; Weigel, Kris M.; Wood, Rachel C.; Wilson, Doug P. K.; Drain, Paul K.; Cangelosi, Gerard A. (2022). Complementary Nonsputum Diagnostic Testing for Tuberculosis in People with HIV Using Oral Swab PCR and Urine Lipoarabinomannan Detection. J Clin Microbiol, 60(8). doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00431-22PMID: 35913145
Thompson, Matthew J.; Drain, Paul K.; Gregor, Charlie E.; Hassell, Laurie A.; Ko, Linda K.; Lyon, Victoria; Ahmed, Selena; Bishop, Sonia; Dupuis, Virgil; Garza, Lorenzo; Lambert, Allison A.; Rowe, Carly; Warne, Teresa; Webber, Eliza; Westbroek, Wendy; Adams, Alexandra K. (2022). A pragmatic randomized trial of home-based testing for COVID-19 in rural Native American and Latino communities: Protocol for the “Protecting our Communities” study. Contemporary Clinical Trials, 119, 106820. doi.org/10.1016/j.cct.2022.106820PMID: 35691487
Drain, Paul K.; Bemer, Meagan; Morton, Jennifer F.; Dalmat, Ronit; Abdille, Hussein; Thomas, Katherine; Uppal, Timsy; Hau, Derrick; Green, Heather R.; Gates-Hollingworth, Marcellene A.; AuCoin, David P.; Verma, Subhash C. (2022). Accuracy of Rapid Antigen Testing Across SARS-CoV-2 Variants. SSRN Journal. doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4047361
Dorward, Jienchi; Naidoo, Jessica; Moodley, Pravikrishnen; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Samsunder, Natasha; Sayed, Fathima; Naicker, Nivashnee; Fanshawe, Thomas; Drain, Paul K.; Lessells, Richard J.; Hayward, Gail; Butler, Christopher C.; Garrett, Nigel (2022). Diagnostic Accuracy of the Rapid Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load XC, Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load, & m-PIMA HIV-1/2 Viral Load in South African Clinics. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 91(2), 189-196. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000003037PMID: 36094486
Niu, Xin; Kubiak, Rachel W; Siriprakaisil, Oraphan; Klinbuyaem, Virat; Sukrakanchana, Pra ornsuda; Cressey, Ratchada; Okochi, Hideaki; Gandhi, Monica; Cressey, Tim R; Drain, Paul K (2022). Tenofovir-Diphosphate in Dried Blood Spots vs Tenofovir in Urine/Plasma for Oral Preexposure Prophylaxis Adherence Monitoring. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 9(8). doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac405PMID: 36004315
Tapsoba, Jean de Dieu; Cover, Jane; Obong’o, Christopher; Brady, Martha; Cressey, Tim R.; Mori, Kira; Okomo, Gordon; Kariithi, Edward; Obanda, Rael; Oluoch-Madiang, Daniel; Chen, Ying Qing; Drain, Paul; Duerr, Ann (2022). Continued attendance in a PrEP program despite low adherence and non-protective drug levels among adolescent girls and young women in Kenya: Results from a prospective cohort study. PLoS Med, 19(9), e1004097. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004097PMID: 36095005
Bodley, Nicola; Dorward, Jienchi; Naidoo, Jessica; Letsoalo, Marothi; Ramsaroop, Kaminee; Sayed, Fathima; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Drain, Paul K.; Garrett, Nigel (2023). Diagnostic Accuracy of the Alere Afinion AS100 Point-of-Care Assay to Screen for Noncommunicable Diseases Among People Living With HIV. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 92(1), e1-e3. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000003098PMID: 36126185
Zobrist, Stephanie; Oliveira-Silva, Michelle; Vieira, Alexia Martines; Bansil, Pooja; Gerth-Guyette, Emily; Leader, Brandon T; Golden, Allison; Slater, Hannah; Cruz, Catherine Duran de Lucena; Garbin, Eduardo; Sagalovsky, Mariana; Pal, Sampa; Gupta, Vin; Wolansky, Leo; Dall’Acqua, Deusilene Souza Vieira; Naveca, Felipe Gomes; Nascimento, Valdinete Alves do; Salcedo, Juan Miguel Villalobos; Drain, Paul K;…Pereira, Dhélio (2022). Screening for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Close Contacts of Individuals With Confirmed Infection: Performance and Operational Considerations. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 226(12), 2118-2128. doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiac204PMID: 35594905

Steeb, David R.; Brock, Tina P.; Dascanio, Sarah A.; Drain, Paul K.; Squires, Allison; Thumm, Melissa; Tittle, Robin; Haines, Stuart T. (2020). Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for Global Health. Academic Medicine, 96(3), 402-408. doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000003856PMID: 33239533
Truong, Michael; Rane, Madhura S.; Govere, Sabina; Galagan, Sean R.; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus; Stoep, Ann Vander; Celum, Connie; Drain, Paul K. (2021). Depression and anxiety as barriers to art initiation, retention in care, and treatment outcomes in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. EClinicalMedicine, 31, 100621. doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100621PMID: 33490927
Dorward, Jienchi; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Ngobese, Hope; Lessells, Richard; Sayed, Fathima; Bulo, Elliot; Moodley, P; Samsunder, Natasha; Lewis, Lara; Tonkin-Crine, Sarah; Drain, Paul K; Hayward, Gail; Butler, Christopher C; Garrett, Nigel (2021). Protocol for a randomised feasibility study of Point-Of-care HIV viral load testing to Enhance Re-suppression in South Africa: the POwER study. BMJ Open, 11(2), e045373. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045373PMID: 33593788
Sharma, Monisha; Mudimu, Edinah; Simeon, Kate; Bershteyn, Anna; Dorward, Jienchi; Violette, Lauren R; Akullian, Adam; Abdool Karim, Salim S; Celum, Connie; Garrett, Nigel; Drain, Paul K (2021). Cost-effectiveness of point-of-care testing with task-shifting for HIV care in South Africa: a modelling study. The Lancet HIV, 8(4), e216-e224. doi.org/10.1016/s2352-3018(20)30279-4PMID: 33347810
Zhang, Jane Y.; Bender, Andrew T.; Boyle, David S.; Drain, Paul K.; Posner, Jonathan D. (2021). Current state of commercial point-of-care nucleic acid tests for infectious diseases. Analyst, 146(8), 2449-2462. doi.org/10.1039/d0an01988gPMID: 33899053
Drain, Paul K.; Galagan, Sean R.; Govere, Sabina; Krows, Meighan; Thulare, Hilary; Wallis, Carole L.; Gosnell, Bernadett I.; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus; Celum, Connie; Bassett, Ingrid V. (2021). Laboratory Reflex and Clinic-Based Point-of-Care Cryptococcal Antigen Screening for Preventing Meningitis and Mortality Among People Living With HIV. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 87(5), 1205-1213. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000002717PMID: 33990495
Bardon, Ashley R; Dorward, Jienchi; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Sayed, Fathima; Quame-Amaglo, Justice; Pillay, Cheryl; Feutz, Erika; Ngobese, Hope; Simoni, Jane M; Sharma, Monisha; Cressey, Tim R; Gandhi, Monica; Lessells, Richard; Moodley, Pravi; Naicker, Nivashnee; Naidoo, Kogieleum; Thomas, Katherine; Celum, Connie; Abdool Karim, Salim;…Drain, Paul K (2021). Simplifying TREAtment and Monitoring for HIV (STREAM HIV): protocol for a randomised controlled trial of point-of-care urine tenofovir and viral load testing to improve HIV outcomes. BMJ Open, 11(10), e050116. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050116PMID: 34610939
Olanrewaju, Ayokunle O.; Sullivan, Benjamin P.; Bardon, Ashley R.; Lo, Tiffany J.; Cressey, Tim R.; Posner, Jonathan D.; Drain, Paul K. (2021). Pilot evaluation of an enzymatic assay for rapid measurement of antiretroviral drug concentrations. Virol J, 18(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12985-021-01543-xPMID: 33858461
Johnson, Kelly A; Niu, Xin; Glidden, David V; Castillo-Mancilla, Jose R; Yager, Jenna; MaWhinney, Samantha; Morrow, Mary; Okochi, Hideaki; Cressey, Tim R; Drain, Paul K; Gandhi, Monica; Anderson, Peter L; Spinelli, Matthew A (2021). Lower Urine Tenofovir Concentrations Among Individuals Taking Tenofovir Alafenamide Versus Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate: Implications for Point-of-Care Testing. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 8(7). doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab200PMID: 34285929
Oreskovic, Amy; Panpradist, Nuttada; Marangu, Diana; Ngwane, M. William; Magcaba, Zanele P.; Ngcobo, Sindiswa; Ngcobo, Zinhle; Horne, David J.; Wilson, Douglas P. K.; Shapiro, Adrienne E.; Drain, Paul K.; Lutz, Barry R. (2021). Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis by Using Sequence-Specific Purification of Urine Cell-Free DNA. J Clin Microbiol, 59(8). doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00074-21PMID: 33789959
Arakaki, Lola; Tollefson, Deanna; Kharono, Brenda; Drain, Paul K. (2021). Prevalence of rotavirus among older children and adults with diarrhea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine, 39(33), 4577-4590. doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.06.073PMID: 34244008
de Dieu Tapsoba, Jean; Zangeneh, Sahar Z.; Appelmans, Eline; Pasalar, Siavash; Mori, Kira; Peng, Lily; Tao, Janice; Drain, Paul; Okomo, Gordon; Bii, Stanley; Mukabi, James; Zobrist, Stephanie; Brady, Martha; Obanda, Rael; Madiang, Daniel Oluoch; Cover, Jane; Duerr, Ann; Chen, Ying Qing; Obong’o, Christopher (2020). Persistence of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among adolescent girls and young women initiating PrEP for HIV prevention in Kenya. AIDS Care, 33(6), 712-720. doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2020.1822505PMID: 32951437
Oreskovic, Amy; Panpradist, Nuttada; Marangu, Diana; Ngwane, M. William; Magcaba, Zanele P.; Ngcobo, Sindiswa; Ngcobo, Zinhle; Horne, David J.; Wilson, Douglas P. K.; Shapiro, Adrienne E.; Drain, Paul K.; Lutz, Barry R. (2021). Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis by Using Sequence-Specific Purification of Urine Cell-Free DNA. J Clin Microbiol, 59(8). doi.org/10.1128/jcm.00074-21PMID: 33789959
Drain, Paul K.; Ampajwala, Madhavi; Chappel, Christopher; Gvozden, Andre B.; Hoppers, Melanie; Wang, Melody; Rosen, Robert; Young, Stephen; Zissman, Edward; Montano, Michalina (2021). A Rapid, High-Sensitivity SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Immunoassay to Aid Diagnosis of Acute COVID-19 at the Point of Care: A Clinical Performance Study. Infect Dis Ther, 10(2), 753-761. doi.org/10.1007/s40121-021-00413-xPMID: 33629225
Oreskovic, Amy; Waalkes, Adam; Holmes, Elizabeth A.; Rosenthal, Christopher A.; Wilson, Douglas P.K.; Shapiro, Adrienne E.; Drain, Paul K.; Lutz, Barry R.; Salipante, Stephen J. (2021). Characterizing the molecular composition and diagnostic potential of Mycobacterium tuberculosis urinary cell-free DNA using next-generation sequencing. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 112, 330-337. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.09.042PMID: 34562627
Dhana, Ashar; Hamada, Yohhei; Kengne, Andre P; Kerkhoff, Andrew D; Rangaka, Molebogeng X; Kredo, Tamara; Baddeley, Annabel; Miller, Cecily; Singh, Satvinder; Hanifa, Yasmeen; Grant, Alison D; Fielding, Katherine; Affolabi, Dissou; Merle, Corinne S; Wachinou, Ablo Prudence; Yoon, Christina; Cattamanchi, Adithya; Hoffmann, Christopher J; Martinson, Neil;…Maartens, Gary (2022). Tuberculosis screening among ambulatory people living with HIV: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 22(4), 507-518. doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(21)00387-xPMID: 34800394
Panpradist, Nuttada; Kline, Enos C.; Atkinson, Robert G.; Roller, Michael; Wang, Qin; Hull, Ian T.; Kotnik, Jack H.; Oreskovic, Amy K.; Bennett, Crissa; Leon, Daniel; Lyon, Victoria; Gilligan-Steinberg, Shane D.; Han, Peter D.; Drain, Paul K.; Starita, Lea M.; Thompson, Matthew J.; Lutz, Barry R. (2021). Harmony COVID-19: A ready-to-use kit, low-cost detector, and smartphone app for point-of-care SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection. Sci. Adv., 7(51). doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj1281PMID: 34910507
Kubiak, Rachel W.; Kratz, Mario; Motala, Ayesha A.; Galagan, Sean; Govere, Sabina; Brown, Elisabeth R.; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S.; Drain, Paul K. (2021). Clinic-based diabetes screening at the time of HIV testing and associations with poor clinical outcomes in South Africa: a cohort study. BMC Infect Dis, 21(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06473-1PMID: 34376173
Govere, Sabina M.; Galagan, Sean; Tlou, Boikhutso; Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani; Bassett, Ingrid V.; Drain, Paul K. (2021). Effect of perceived HIV risk on initiation of antiretroviral therapy during the universal test and treat era in South Africa. BMC Infect Dis, 21(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06689-1PMID: 34544376
Kendall, Emily A.; Hussain, Hamidah; Kunkel, Amber; Kubiak, Rachel W.; Trajman, Anete; Menzies, Richard; Drain, Paul K. (2021). Isoniazid or rifampicin preventive therapy with and without screening for subclinical TB: a modeling analysis. BMC Med, 19(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02189-wPMID: 34903214
Wykowski, James H.; Phillips, Chris; Ngo, Thao; Drain, Paul K. (2021). A systematic review of potential screening biomarkers for active TB disease. Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, 25, 100284. doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2021.100284PMID: 34805557

Gandhi, Monica; Wang, Guohong; King, Roger; Rodrigues, Warren C.; Vincent, Michael; Glidden, David V.; Cressey, Tim R.; Bacchetti, Peter; Spinelli, Matthew A.; Okochi, Hideaki; Siriprakaisil, Oraphan; Klinbuayaem, Virat; Mugo, Nelly R.; Ngure, Kenneth; Drain, Paul K.; Baeten, Jared M. (2020). Development and validation of the first point-of-care assay to objectively monitor adherence to HIV treatment and prevention in real-time in routine settings. AIDS, 34(2), 255-260. doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000002395PMID: 31634188
Drain, Paul; Ngure, Kenneth; Mugo, Nelly; Spinelli, Matthew; Chatterjee, Purba; Bacchetti, Peter; Glidden, David; Baeten, Jared; Gandhi, Monica (2020). Testing a Real-Time Tenofovir Urine Adherence Assay for Monitoring and Providing Feedback to Preexposure Prophylaxis in Kenya (PUMA): Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc, 9(4), e15029. doi.org/10.2196/15029PMID: 32238341
Wykowski, James; Galagan, Sean R.; Govere, Sabina; Wallis, Carole L.; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus; Celum, Connie; Drain, Paul K. (2020). Cryptococcal antigenemia is associated with meningitis or death in HIV-infected adults with CD4 100–200 cells/mm3. BMC Infect Dis, 20(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-4798-1PMID: 31959112
Mthembu, Nondumiso; Dorward, Jienchi; Naicker, Nivashnee; Osman, Farzana; Gumede, Siphesihle; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Drain, Paul; Garrett, Nigel (2020). Low CD4 count and educational status predict abnormal cervical smears amongst HIV-positive women initiating antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, 21(1). doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v21i1.1045PMID: 32284889
Singhroy, Diane N.; MacLean, Emily; Kohli, Mikashmi; Lessem, Erica; Branigan, David; England, Kathleen; Suleiman, Khairunisa; Drain, Paul K.; Ruhwald, Morten; Schumacher, Samuel; Denkinger, Claudia M.; Waning, Brenda; Van Gemert, Wayne; Pai, Madhukar (2020). Adoption and uptake of the lateral flow urine LAM test in countries with high tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS burden: current landscape and barriers. Gates Open Res, 4, 24. doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.13112.2PMID: 32185366
Green, Dylan; Tordoff, Diana M; Kharono, Brenda; Akullian, Adam; Bershteyn, Anna; Morrison, Michelle; Garnett, Geoff; Duerr, Ann; Drain, Paul K (2020). Evidence of sociodemographic heterogeneity across the HIV treatment cascade and progress towards 90‐90‐90 in sub‐Saharan Africa – a systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Intern AIDS Soc, 23(3). doi.org/10.1002/jia2.25470PMID: 32153117
Kuupiel, Desmond; Adu, Kwame M.; Bawontuo, Vitalis; Adogboba, Duncan A.; Drain, Paul K.; Moshabela, Mosa; Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani P. (2020). Geographical Accessibility to Glucose-6-Phosphate Dioxygenase Deficiency Point-of-Care Testing for Antenatal Care in Ghana. Diagnostics, 10(4), 229. doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10040229PMID: 32316233
Olanrewaju, Ayokunle O.; Sullivan, Benjamin P.; Zhang, Jane Y.; Bender, Andrew T.; Sevenler, Derin; Lo, Tiffany J.; Fernandez-Suarez, Marta; Drain, Paul K.; Posner, Jonathan D. (2020). Enzymatic Assay for Rapid Measurement of Antiretroviral Drug Levels. ACS Sens., 5(4), 952-959. doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.9b02198PMID: 32248685
Drain, Paul K; Dorward, Jienchi; Violette, Lauren R; Quame-Amaglo, Justice; Thomas, Katherine K; Samsunder, Natasha; Ngobese, Hope; Mlisana, Koleka; Moodley, Pravikrishnen; Donnell, Deborah; Barnabas, Ruanne V; Naidoo, Kogieleum; Abdool Karim, Salim S; Celum, Connie; Garrett, Nigel (2020). Point-of-care HIV viral load testing combined with task shifting to improve treatment outcomes (STREAM): findings from an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial. The Lancet HIV, 7(4), e229-e237. doi.org/10.1016/s2352-3018(19)30402-3PMID: 32105625
Dorward, Jienchi; Msimango, Lindani; Gibbs, Andrew; Shozi, Hlengiwe; Tonkin-Crine, Sarah; Hayward, Gail; Butler, Christopher C; Ngobese, Hope; Drain, Paul K; Garrett, Nigel (2020). Understanding how community antiretroviral delivery influences engagement in HIV care: a qualitative assessment of the Centralised Chronic Medication Dispensing and Distribution programme in South Africa. BMJ Open, 10(5), e035412. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035412PMID: 32414827
Drain, Paul K; Kubiak, Rachel W; Siriprakaisil, Oraphan; Klinbuayaem, Virat; Quame-Amaglo, Justice; Sukrakanchana, Pra-Ornsuda; Tanasri, Suriyan; Punyati, Pimpinun; Sirirungsi, Wasna; Cressey, Ratchada; Bacchetti, Peter; Okochi, Hideaki; Baeten, Jared M; Gandhi, Monica; Cressey, Tim R (2019). Urine Tenofovir Concentrations Correlate With Plasma and Relate to Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Adherence: A Randomized, Directly Observed Pharmacokinetic Trial (TARGET Study). Clinical Infectious Diseases, 70(10), 2143-2151. doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz645PMID: 31314073
Cressey, Tim R.; Siriprakaisil, Oraphan; Kubiak, Rachel W.; Klinbuayaem, Virat; Sukrakanchana, Pra-ornsuda; Quame-Amaglo, Justice; Okochi, Hideaki; Tawon, Yardpiroon; Cressey, Ratchada; Baeten, Jared M.; Gandhi, Monica; Drain, Paul K. (2020). Plasma pharmacokinetics and urinary excretion of tenofovir following cessation in adults with controlled levels of adherence to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 97, 365-370. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.037PMID: 32553717
Bardon, Ashley R.; Simoni, Jane M.; Layman, Leif M.; Stekler, Joanne D.; Drain, Paul K. (2020). Perspectives on the utility and interest in a point-of-care urine tenofovir test for adherence to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy: an exploratory qualitative assessment among U.S. clients and providers. AIDS Res Ther, 17(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12981-020-00308-wPMID: 32762713
Drain, Paul K.; Bardon, Ashley R.; Simoni, Jane M.; Cressey, Tim R.; Anderson, Pete; Sevenler, Derin; Olanrewaju, Ayokunle O.; Gandhi, Monica; Celum, Connie (2020). Point-of-care and Near Real-time Testing for Antiretroviral Adherence Monitoring to HIV Treatment and Prevention. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep, 17(5), 487-498. doi.org/10.1007/s11904-020-00512-3PMID: 32627120
Bajema, Kristina L.; Kubiak, Rachel W.; Guthrie, Brandon L.; Graham, Susan M.; Govere, Sabina; Thulare, Hilary; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus; Celum, Connie; Drain, Paul K. (2020). Tuberculosis-related stigma among adults presenting for HIV testing in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. BMC Public Health, 20(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09383-0PMID: 32883251
Kubiak, R. W.; Drain, P. K.; Hochberg, N. S. (2020). How should body mass index inform active tuberculosis screening in diabetes clinics in Asia?. int j tuberc lung dis, 24(7), 753-753. doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.20.0068PMID: 32718417
Sevenler, Derin; Bardon, Ashley; Fernandez Suarez, Marta; Marshall, Lisa; Toner, Mehmet; Drain, Paul K.; Sandlin, Rebecca D. (2020). Immunoassay for HIV Drug Metabolites Tenofovir and Tenofovir Diphosphate. ACS Infect. Dis., 6(7), 1635-1642. doi.org/10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00010PMID: 32392030
Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani P.; Drain, Paul K. (2020). Point-of-Care Diagnostic Services as an Integral Part of Health Services during the Novel Coronavirus 2019 Era. Diagnostics, 10(7), 449. doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10070449PMID: 32635234
Drain, Paul K.; Garrett, Nigel (2020). SARS-CoV-2 pandemic expanding in sub-Saharan Africa: Considerations for COVID-19 in people living with HIV. EClinicalMedicine, 22, 100342. doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100342PMID: 32322805
Secor, Andrew M.; Driver, Matthew; Kharono, Brenda; Hergott, Dianna; Liu, Gui; Barnabas, Ruanne V.; Dull, Peter; Hawes, Stephen E.; Drain, Paul K. (2020). Immunogenicity of Alternative Dosing Schedules for HPV Vaccines among Adolescent Girls and Young Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines, 8(4), 618. doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040618PMID: 33092049
Girdwood, Sarah J.; Crompton, Thomas; Sharma, Monisha; Dorward, Jienchi; Garrett, Nigel; Drain, Paul K.; Stevens, Wendy; Nichols, Brooke E. (2020). Cost-effectiveness of adoption strategies for point of care HIV viral load monitoring in South Africa. EClinicalMedicine, 28, 100607. doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100607PMID: 33294817
Msimango, Lindani; Gibbs, Andrew; Shozi, Hlengiwe; Ngobese, Hope; Humphries, Hilton; Drain, Paul K.; Garrett, Nigel; Dorward, Jienchi (2020). Acceptability of point-of-care viral load testing to facilitate differentiated care: a qualitative assessment of people living with HIV and nurses in South Africa. BMC Health Serv Res, 20(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05940-wPMID: 33239012

Bajema, Kristina L.; Bassett, Ingrid V.; Coleman, Sharon M.; Ross, Douglas; Freedberg, Kenneth A.; Wald, Anna; Drain, Paul K. (2019). Subclinical tuberculosis among adults with HIV: clinical features and outcomes in a South African cohort. BMC Infect Dis, 19(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3614-7PMID: 30611192
Drain, Paul K.; Hong, Ting; Hajat, Anjum; Krows, Meighan; Govere, Sabina; Thulare, Hilary; Moosa, Mahomed Yunus S.; Bassett, Ingrid; Celum, Connie (2019). Integrating hypertension screening at the time of voluntary HIV testing among adults in South Africa. PLoS ONE, 14(2), e0210161. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0210161PMID: 30735518
Drain, Paul K.; Hong, Ting; Krows, Meighan; Govere, Sabina; Thulare, Hilary; Wallis, Carole L.; Gosnell, Bernadett I.; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus; Bassett, Ingrid V.; Celum, Connie (2019). Validation of clinic-based cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay screening in HIV-infected adults in South Africa. Sci Rep, 9(1). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37478-7PMID: 30804356
Kuupiel, Desmond; Tlou, Boikhutso; Bawontuo, Vitalis; Drain, Paul K.; Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani P. (2019). Poor supply chain management and stock-outs of point-of-care diagnostic tests in Upper East Region’s primary healthcare clinics, Ghana. PLoS ONE, 14(2), e0211498. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211498PMID: 30811407
Gandhi, Monica; Bacchetti, Peter; Spinelli, Matthew A.; Okochi, Hideaki; Baeten, Jared M.; Siriprakaisil, Oraphan; Klinbuayaem, Virat; Rodrigues, Warren C.; Wang, Guohong; Vincent, Michael; Cressey, Tim R.; Drain, Paul K. (2019). Brief Report: Validation of a Urine Tenofovir Immunoassay for Adherence Monitoring to PrEP and ART and Establishing the Cutoff for a Point-of-Care Test. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 81(1), 72-77. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000001971PMID: 30664078
Drain, Paul K.; Dorward, Jienchi; Bender, Andrew; Lillis, Lorraine; Marinucci, Francesco; Sacks, Jilian; Bershteyn, Anna; Boyle, David S.; Posner, Jonathan D.; Garrett, Nigel (2019). Point-of-Care HIV Viral Load Testing: an Essential Tool for a Sustainable Global HIV/AIDS Response. Clin Microbiol Rev, 32(3). doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00097-18PMID: 31092508
Kubiak, Rachel W.; Sarkar, Sonali; Horsburgh, C. Robert; Roy, Gautam; Kratz, Mario; Reshma, Ayiraveetil; Knudsen, Selby; Salgame, Padmini; Ellner, Jerrold J.; Drain, Paul K.; Hochberg, Natasha S. (2019). Interaction of nutritional status and diabetes on active and latent tuberculosis: a cross-sectional analysis. BMC Infect Dis, 19(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-4244-4PMID: 31311495
Wykowski, James; Kemp, Christopher G.; Velloza, Jennifer; Rao, Deepa; Drain, Paul K. (2019). Associations Between Anxiety and Adherence to Antiretroviral Medications in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. AIDS Behav, 23(8), 2059-2071. doi.org/10.1007/s10461-018-02390-8PMID: 30659424
Green, Dylan; Kharono, Brenda; Tordoff, Diana M.; Akullian, Adam; Bershteyn, Anna; Morrison, Michelle; Garnett, Geoff; Duerr, Ann; Drain, Paul (2019). Demographic and risk group heterogeneity across the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev, 8(1). doi.org/10.1186/s13643-019-1024-6PMID: 31060607
Kuupiel, Desmond; Bawontuo, Vitalis; Drain, Paul K.; Gwala, Nonjabulo; Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani P. (2019). Supply chain management and accessibility to point-of-care testing in resource-limited settings: a systematic scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res, 19(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4351-3PMID: 31340833
Drain, Paul K; Heichman, Karen A; Wilson, Douglas (2019). A new point-of-care test to diagnose tuberculosis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 19(8), 794-796. doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30053-2PMID: 31155317
Simeon, Kate; Sharma, Monisha; Dorward, Jienchi; Naidoo, Jessica; Dlamini, Ntuthu; Moodley, Pravikrishnen; Samsunder, Natasha; Barnabas, Ruanne V.; Garrett, Nigel; Drain, Paul K. (2019). Comparative cost analysis of point-of-care versus laboratory-based testing to initiate and monitor HIV treatment in South Africa. PLoS ONE, 14(10), e0223669. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223669PMID: 31618220
Drain, Paul K; Gardiner, Jennifer; Hannah, Haylea; Broger, Tobias; Dheda, Keertan; Fielding, Katherine; Walzl, Gerhard; Kaforou, Myrsini; Kranzer, Katharina; Joosten, Simone A; Gilpin, Christopher; Weyer, Karin; Denkinger, Claudia M; Schumacher, Samuel G (2019). Guidance for Studies Evaluating the Accuracy of Biomarker-Based Nonsputum Tests to Diagnose Tuberculosis. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 220(Supplement_3), S108-S115. doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz356PMID: 31593598
Bulterys, Michelle A.; Wagner, Bradley; Redard-Jacot, Maël; Suresh, Anita; Pollock, Nira R.; Moreau, Emmanuel; Denkinger, Claudia M.; Drain, Paul K.; Broger, Tobias (2019). Point-Of-Care Urine LAM Tests for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Status Update. JCM, 9(1), 111. doi.org/10.3390/jcm9010111PMID: 31906163

Dorward, Jienchi; Yende-Zuma, Nonhlanhla; Samsunder, Natasha; Karim, Quarraisha Abdool; Drain, Paul K.; Garrett, Nigel (2018). Clinic-Based Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Creatinine Assay to Screen for Renal Impairment Among HIV-Positive Patients Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 77(4), e36-e39. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000001613PMID: 29271830
Dorward, Jienchi; Drain, Paul K; Garrett, Nigel (2018). Point-of-care viral load testing and differentiated HIV care. The Lancet HIV, 5(1), e8-e9. doi.org/10.1016/s2352-3018(17)30211-4PMID: 29290227
Drain, Paul K.; Parker, Robert A.; Robine, Marion; Holmes, King K. (2018). Global migration of clinical research during the era of trial registration. PLoS ONE, 13(2), e0192413. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192413PMID: 29489839
Stime, Katrina J.; Garrett, Nigel; Sookrajh, Yukteshwar; Dorward, Jienchi; Dlamini, Ntuthu; Olowolagba, Ayo; Sharma, Monisha; Barnabas, Ruanne V.; Drain, Paul K. (2018). Clinic flow for STI, HIV, and TB patients in an urban infectious disease clinic offering point-of-care testing services in Durban, South Africa. BMC Health Serv Res, 18(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3154-2PMID: 29751798
Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani P.; Moodley, Pravi; Sartorius, Benn; Drain, Paul K. (2018). Evaluation of antenatal rapid human immunodeficiency virus testing in rural South Africa. South. Afr. j. HIV med., 19(1). doi.org/10.4102/sajhivmed.v19i1.771PMID: 39449990
Mashamba-Thompson, T. P.; Sartorius, B.; Drain, P. K. (2018). Operational assessment of point-of-care diagnostics in rural primary healthcare clinics of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Health Serv Res, 18(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3207-6PMID: 29843711
Drain, Paul K; Holmes, King K (2018). The Fogarty International Center at 50: Accomplishments and Priorities for the Next 50 Years. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 66(9), 1323-1325. doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy078PMID: 29394333
Drain, Paul K.; Bajema, Kristina L.; Dowdy, David; Dheda, Keertan; Naidoo, Kogieleum; Schumacher, Samuel G.; Ma, Shuyi; Meermeier, Erin; Lewinsohn, David M.; Sherman, David R. (2018). Incipient and Subclinical Tuberculosis: a Clinical Review of Early Stages and Progression of Infection. Clin Microbiol Rev, 31(4). doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00021-18PMID: 30021818
Shapiro, Adrienne E.; Hong, Ting; Govere, Sabina; Thulare, Hilary; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus; Dorasamy, Afton; Wallis, Carole L.; Celum, Connie L.; Grosset, Jacques; Drain, Paul K. (2018). C-reactive protein as a screening test for HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis prior to antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. AIDS, 32(13), 1811-1820. doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000001902PMID: 29847333
Dorward, Jienchi; Lessells, Richard; Drain, Paul K; Naidoo, Kogieleum; de Oliveira, Tulio; Pillay, Yogan; Abdool Karim, Salim S; Garrett, Nigel (2018). Dolutegravir for first-line antiretroviral therapy in low-income and middle-income countries: uncertainties and opportunities for implementation and research. The Lancet HIV, 5(7), e400-e404. doi.org/10.1016/s2352-3018(18)30093-6PMID: 29884404
Rane, Madhura S; Hong, Ting; Govere, Sabina; Thulare, Hilary; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus; Celum, Connie; Drain, Paul K (2018). Depression and Anxiety as Risk Factors for Delayed Care-Seeking Behavior in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Individuals in South Africa. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 67(9), 1411-1418. doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy309PMID: 29659757
Gandhi, Monica; Bacchetti, Peter; Rodrigues, Warren C.; Spinelli, Matthew; Koss, Catherine A.; Drain, Paul K.; Baeten, Jared M.; Mugo, Nelly R.; Ngure, Kenneth; Benet, Leslie Z.; Okochi, Hideaki; Wang, Guohong; Vincent, Michael (2018). Development and Validation of an Immunoassay for Tenofovir in Urine as a Real-Time Metric of Antiretroviral Adherence. EClinicalMedicine, 2-3, 22-28. doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2018.08.004PMID: 30906930
Kubiak, R. W.; Herbeck, J. T.; Coleman, S. M.; Ross, D.; Freedberg, K.; Bassett, I. V.; Drain, P. K. (2018). Urinary LAM grade, culture positivity, and mortality among HIV-infected South African out-patients. int j tuberc lung dis, 22(11), 1366-1373. doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.18.0099PMID: 30355418

Gounder, Lilishia; Moodley, Pravikrishnen; Drain, Paul K.; Hickey, Andrew J.; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S. (2017). Hepatic tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus co-infected adults: a case series of South African adults. BMC Infect Dis, 17(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2222-2PMID: 28148232
Drain, Paul K.; Mock, Charles; Toole, David; Rosenwald, Anne; Jehn, Megan; Csordas, Thomas; Ferguson, Laura; Waggett, Caryl; Obidoa, Chinekwu; Wasserheit, Judith N. (2016). The Emergence of Undergraduate Majors in Global Health: Systematic Review of Programs and Recommendations for Future Directions. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 96(1), 16-23. doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0687PMID: 28077739
Drain, Paul K.; Rousseau, Christine (2017). Point-of-care diagnostics. Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS, 12(2), 175-181. doi.org/10.1097/coh.0000000000000351PMID: 28079591
Mugambi, Melissa; Palamountain, Kara; Gallarda, Jim; Drain, Paul (2017). Exploring the Case for a Global Alliance for Medical Diagnostics Initiative. Diagnostics, 7(1), 8. doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics7010008PMID: 28134750
Cressey, Tim R.; Siriprakaisil, Oraphan; Klinbuayaem, Virat; Quame-Amaglo, Justice; Kubiak, Rachel W.; Sukrakanchana, Pra-ornsuda; Than-in-at, Kanchana; Baeten, Jared; Sirirungsi, Wasna; Cressey, Ratchada; Drain, Paul K. (2017). A randomized clinical pharmacokinetic trial of Tenofovir in blood, plasma and urine in adults with perfect, moderate and low PrEP adherence: the TARGET study. BMC Infect Dis, 17(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2593-4PMID: 28705153
Drain, Paul K.; Subbaraman, Ramnath; Heimburger, Douglas C. (2017). Preserving the Fogarty International Center — Benefits for Americans and the World. N Engl J Med, 377(1), 9-11. doi.org/10.1056/nejmp1704690PMID: 28537844
Yoon, C.; Chaisson, L. H.; Patel, S. M.; Allen, I. E.; Drain, P. K.; Wilson, D.; Cattamanchi, A. (2017). Diagnostic accuracy of C-reactive protein for active pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. int j tuberc lung dis, 21(9), 1013-1019. doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.17.0078PMID: 28826451
Dorward, Jienchi; Garrett, Nigel; Quame-Amaglo, Justice; Samsunder, Natasha; Ngobese, Hope; Ngomane, Noluthando; Moodley, Pravikrishnen; Mlisana, Koleka; Schaafsma, Torin; Donnell, Deborah; Barnabas, Ruanne; Naidoo, Kogieleum; Abdool Karim, Salim; Celum, Connie; Drain, Paul K (2017). Protocol for a randomised controlled implementation trial of point-of-care viral load testing and task shifting: the Simplifying HIV TREAtment and Monitoring (STREAM) study. BMJ Open, 7(9), e017507. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017507PMID: 28963304
Drain, Paul K.; Losina, Elena; Coleman, Sharon M; Giddy, Janet; Ross, Douglas; Katz, Jeffrey N; Freedberg, Kenneth A; Bassett, Ingrid V (2017). Clinic-Based Urinary Lipoarabinomannan as a Biomarker of Clinical Disease Severity and Mortality Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults in South Africa. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 4(3). doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx167PMID: 28979922
Drain PK, Wylie A. Global Awareness (Chapter 31). In: Dent J, Harden RM, Hunt D, eds. A Practical Guide for Medical Teachers, Fifth Edition. Amsterdam; Churchill Livingstone Elsevier, 2017: XX pages.

Mashamba-Thompson, T P; Sartorius, B; Thabane, L; Shi, C X; Drain, P K (2016). Impact of point-of-care diagnostics on maternal outcomes in HIV-infected women: systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. BMJ Open, 6(1), e008002. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-008002PMID: 26817633
Drain, Paul K.; Gounder, Lilishia; Sahid, Faieza; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S. (2016). Rapid Urine LAM Testing Improves Diagnosis of Expectorated Smear-Negative Pulmonary Tuberculosis in an HIV-endemic Region. Sci Rep, 6(1). doi.org/10.1038/srep19992PMID: 26865526
Garrett, Nigel J.; Drain, Paul K.; Werner, Lise; Samsunder, Natasha; Abdool Karim, Salim S. (2016). Diagnostic Accuracy of the Point-of-Care Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load Assay in a South African HIV Clinic. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 72(2), e45-e48. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000000978PMID: 26959192
Mashamba-Thompson, T P; Drain, P K; Sartorius, B (2016). Evaluating the accessibility and utility of HIV-related point-of-care diagnostics for maternal health in rural South Africa: a study protocol. BMJ Open, 6(6), e011155. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011155PMID: 27354074
Drain, Paul K.; Losina, Elena; Coleman, Sharon M.; Giddy, Janet; Ross, Douglas; Katz, Jeffrey N.; Bassett, Ingrid V. (2016). Rapid urine lipoarabinomannan assay as a clinic-based screening test for active tuberculosis at HIV diagnosis. BMC Pulm Med, 16(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12890-016-0316-zPMID: 27842535
Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani P.; Sartorius, Benn; Stevens, Fred C.J.; Drain, Paul K. (2016). Experiential Bloom’s Taxonomy learning framework for point-of-care diagnostics training of primary healthcare workers. Afr J Lab Med, 5(1). doi.org/10.4102/ajlm.v5i1.449PMID: 28879117
Mashamba-Thompson, Tivani; Sartorius, Benn; Drain, Paul (2016). Point-of-Care Diagnostics for Improving Maternal Health in South Africa. Diagnostics, 6(3), 31. doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics6030031PMID: 27589808

Drain, Paul K; Gounder, Lilishia; Grobler, Anneke; Sahid, Faieza; Bassett, Ingrid V; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S (2015). Urine lipoarabinomannan to monitor antituberculosis therapy response and predict mortality in an HIV-endemic region: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open, 5(4), e006833. doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006833PMID: 25877271
Hickey, Andrew J; Gounder, Lilishia; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S; Drain, Paul K (2015). A systematic review of hepatic tuberculosis with considerations in human immunodeficiency virus co-infection. BMC Infect Dis, 15(1). doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-0944-6PMID: 25943103
Liu, Enju; Makubi, Abel; Drain, Paul; Spiegelman, Donna; Sando, David; Li, Nan; Chalamilla, Guerino; Sudfeld, Christopher R.; Hertzmark, Ellen; Fawzi, Wafaie W. (2015). Tuberculosis incidence rate and risk factors among HIV-infected adults with access to antiretroviral therapy. AIDS, 29(11), 1391-1399. doi.org/10.1097/qad.0000000000000705PMID: 26091295
Drain, Paul K.; Losina, Elena; Coleman, Sharon M.; Bogart, Laura; Giddy, Janet; Ross, Douglas; Katz, Jeffrey N.; Bassett, Ingrid V. (2015). Social support and mental health among adults prior to HIV counseling and testing in Durban, South Africa. AIDS Care, 27(10), 1231-1240. doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2015.1046417PMID: 26213142
Drain, PK; Kleene, JM; Coleman, SM; Losina, E; Katz, JN; Giddy, J; Ross, D; Freedberg, KA; Bassett, IV (2015). Prevalence of cryptococcal antigenuria at initial HIV diagnosis in KwaZulu‐Natal. HIV Medicine, 16(10), 640-644. doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12263PMID: 25958770
Drain, Paul K. (2015). Implications of Repealing the Cuban Embargo for US Medicine and Public Health. Am J Public Health, 105(11), 2210-2211. doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2015.302894PMID: 26378862

Drain, Paul K; Hyle, Emily P; Noubary, Farzad; Freedberg, Kenneth A; Wilson, Douglas; Bishai, William R; Rodriguez, William; Bassett, Ingrid V (2014). Diagnostic point-of-care tests in resource-limited settings. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 14(3), 239-249. doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(13)70250-0PMID: 24332389
Drain, Paul K; Mosam, Anisa; Gounder, Lilishia; Gosnell, Bernadett; Manzini, Thandekile; Moosa, Mahomed-Yunus S (2013). Recurrent giant molluscum contagiosum immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in an HIV-infected man. Int J STD AIDS, 25(3), 235-238. doi.org/10.1177/0956462413497702PMID: 23970647
Drain, Paul K; Losina, Elena; Coleman, Sharon M; Giddy, Janet; Ross, Douglas; Katz, Jeffrey N; Walensky, Rochelle P; Freedberg, Kenneth A; Bassett, Ingrid V (2014). Diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care urine test for tuberculosis screening among newly-diagnosed hiv-infected adults: a prospective, clinic-based study. BMC Infect Dis, 14(1). doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-14-110PMID: 24571362
Drain, P. K.; Mayeza, L.; Bartman, P.; Hurtado, R.; Moodley, P.; Varghese, S.; Maartens, G.; Alvarez, G. G.; Wilson, D. (2014). Diagnostic accuracy and clinical role of rapid C-reactive protein testing in HIV-infected individuals with presumed tuberculosis in South Africa. int j tuberc lung dis, 18(1), 20-26. doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.13.0519PMID: 24505819
Drain, Paul K.; Robine, Marion; Holmes, King K.; Bassett, Ingrid V. (2014). Global migration of clinical trials. Nat Rev Drug Discov, 13(3), 166-167. doi.org/10.1038/nrd4260PMID: 24577390
Drain, Paul K.; Rhatigan, Joseph J. (2014). Global Health Training Should Be Structured, Standardized, and Universal. Academic Medicine, 89(4), 530-531. doi.org/10.1097/acm.0000000000000181PMID: 24667469
Cohen, Gabriel M.; Drain, Paul K.; Noubary, Farzad; Cloete, Christie; Bassett, Ingrid V. (2014). Diagnostic Delays and Clinical Decision Making With Centralized Xpert MTB/RIF Testing in Durban, South Africa. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 67(3), e88-e93. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000000309PMID: 25314255
Behforouz, Heidi L.; Drain, Paul K.; Rhatigan, Joseph J. (2014). Rethinking the Social History. N Engl J Med, 371(14), 1277-1279. doi.org/10.1056/nejmp1404846PMID: 25271600
Drain, Paul K.; Losina, Elena; Coleman, Sharon M.; Giddy, Janet; Ross, Douglas; Katz, Jeffrey N.; Bassett, Ingrid V. (2015). Value of Urine Lipoarabinomannan Grade and Second Test for Optimizing Clinic-Based Screening for HIV-Associated Pulmonary Tuberculosis. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 68(3), 274-280. doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000000436PMID: 25415288
Drain PK. Tuberculosis. In: Nelson B, Drain PK, eds. Essential Global Health Medicine. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2014: 242-50 (Chapter 19).
Wagner A, Drain PK. Preparing for travel and caring for yourself abroad. In: Nelson B, Drain PK, eds. Essential Global Health Medicine. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell, 2014: 40-51 (Chapter 4).
Evert J, Drain PK, Hall T, eds. Developing global health programming: A guidebook for medical and professional schools, Second Edition. San Francisco: Global Health Collaborations Press, 2014.

Drain, Paul K.; Losina, Elena; Parker, Gary; Giddy, Janet; Ross, Douglas; Katz, Jeffrey N.; Coleman, Sharon M.; Bogart, Laura M.; Freedberg, Kenneth A.; Walensky, Rochelle P.; Bassett, Ingrid V. (2013). Risk Factors for Late-Stage HIV Disease Presentation at Initial HIV Diagnosis in Durban, South Africa. PLoS ONE, 8(1), e55305. doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0055305PMID: 23383147
Ndeffo Mbah, Martial L.; Poolman, Eric M.; Drain, Paul K.; Coffee, Megan P.; van der Werf, Marieke J.; Galvani, Alison P. (2013). HIV and Schistosoma haematobium prevalences correlate in sub‐Saharan Africa. Tropical Med Int Health, 18(10), 1174-1179. doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12165PMID: 23952297
Cherniak, William A.; Drain, Paul K.; Brewer, Timothy F. (2013). Educational Objectives for International Medical Electives. Academic Medicine, 88(11), 1778-1781. doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e3182a6a7cePMID: 24072105

Li N, Spiegelman D, Drain P, Mwiru RS, Mugusi F, Chalamilla G, Fawzi WW. Predictors of weight loss after HAART initiation among HIV-infected adults in Tanzania. AIDS. 2012;26:577-85 [original work].

Drain PK, Barry M. Global Health. Fifty years of U.S. embargo: Cuba’s health outcomes and lessons. Science. 2010;328:572-3 [original work]. PMCID: 3990013.

Drain PK, Holmes KK, Skeff KM, Hall TL, Gardner P. Global health training and international clinical rotations during residency: current status, needs, and opportunities. Acad Med. 2009;84:320-5 [original work]. PMCID: 3998377.
Drain PK, Huffman SA, Pirtle SE, Chan K. Caring for the world: A guidebook to global health opportunities. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press, 2009.

Drain PK, Kupka R, Mugusi F, Fawzi WW. Micronutrients in HIV-positive persons receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:335-45 [original work].
Drain PK, Primack A, Hunt DD, Fawzi WW, Holmes KK, Gardner P. Global health in medical education: A call for more training and opportunities. Acad Med. 2007;82;3:226-30 [original work].
Drain PK, Kupka R, Msamanga GI, Urassa W, Mugusi F, Fawzi WW. C-reactive protein independently predicts HIV-related outcomes among women and children in a resource-poor setting. AIDS. 2007;21: 2067-75 [original work]. PMCID: 4005838.

Drain PK, Baeten JM, Overbaugh J, Wener MH, Bankson D, Lavreys L, Mandaliya K, Ndinya-Achola JO, McClelland RS. Low serum albumin and the acute phase response predict low serum selenium in HIV-1 infected women. BMC Infect Dis. 2006;6:85 [original work]. PMCID: 1479829.
Drain PK, Halperin DT, Hughes JP, Klausner JD, Bailey RC. Male circumcision, religion, and infectious diseases: an ecologic analysis of 118 developing countries. BioMed Central Infect Dis. 2006;6:172 [original work]. PMCID: 1764746.

Drain PK, Smith JS, Hughes JP, Halperin DT, Holmes KK. Correlates of national HIV seroprevalence: an ecologic analysis of 122 developing countries. J Acquired Immune Defic Syndr. 2004;35:407-20 [original work].

Drain PK, Ralaivao JS, Rakotonandrasana A, Carnell MA. Introducing auto-disable syringes to the national immunization programme in Madagascar. Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81:553-60 [original work]. PMCID: 2572525.
Drain PK, Nelson CM, Lloyd JS. Single-dose versus multi-dose vaccine vials for immunization programmes in developing countries. Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81:726-31 [original work]. PMCID: 2572331.

Drain PK, Holmes KK, Hughes JP, Koutsky LA. Determinants of cervical cancer rates in developing countries. Int J Cancer. 2002;10:199-205 [original work].
Invited Presentations

  1. Introducing auto-disable syringes into a developing country’s national immunization program. Madagascar Ministry of Health. Antananarivo, Madagascar, December 2000. [Symposium]
  2. HIV and PEPFAR in East Africa. RESULTS. Seattle, Washington, USA, March 2006. [Seminar]
  3. HIV and poverty in East Africa. Students Moving Mountains, University of Washington. Seattle, Washington, USA, April 2006. [Seminar]
  4. The global impact of tuberculosis. Global Health Round Table, University of Washington. Seattle, Washington, USA, May 2006. [Seminar]
  5. Point-of-care diagnostics in resource-limited settings. Harvard University Center for AIDS Research. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, April 2012. [Symposium]
  6. Preventing cryptococcal deaths. iThembalabantu Clinic and AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF). Durban, South Africa, March 2012. [Seminar]
  7. A Rapid Urine Test for Tuberculosis in Resource-Limited Settings: Designing an Interventional Study. Medical Practice Evaluation Center at Massachusetts General Hospital. September 2013. [Seminar]
  8. Preventing cryptococcal deaths: an update. iThembalabantu Clinic and AIDS Healthcare Foundation. Durban, South Africa, January 2014. [Seminar]
  9. Point-of-care diagnostics for tuberculosis. Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA). Durban, South Africa, May 2014.  [Symposium]
  10. Point-of-care diagnostics in resource-limited settings. The University of Washington. Seattle, Washington, USA, August 2014. [Seminar]
  11. Point-of-care diagnostics for HIV and tuberculosis in resource-limited settings. HOPE (The HIV Online Provider Education Program) and Harvard Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) at Harvard Medical School. Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, August 2014. [Grand Rounds]
  12. Point-of-care Diagnostics for Tuberculosis. Grand Rounds presentation at Inkosi Albert Luthuli Medical Center. Durban, South Africa, November 2014.  [Grand Rounds]
  13. Assessment of the Xpert® HIV-1 VL® and Xpert® HIV-1 Qual® in a HIV point-of-care setting. Cepheid Integrated Symposium (Redefining simple: molecular diagnostics from point-of-care to high throughput labs). Vancouver, Canada, July 2015. [Symposium]
  14. Creating point-of-care diagnostics for use in resource-limited settings:  Lessons learned from South Africa. Point-of-Care Diagnostics & Global Health World Congress. San Diego, California, USA, September 2015.
  15. Lipoarabinomannan (LAM) to Diagnose Active Tuberculosis. Seattle Area Tuberculosis Diagnostics Symposium 2015 Mycobacterial Interest Group (MIG) II. Seattle, Washington, USA, November 2015. [Seminar]
  16. Tuberculosis: Pathophysiology and Transmission. Firland Northwest Tuberculosis Center’s TB Clinical Intensive. Seattle, Washington, USA, June 2016. [Seminar]
  17. Tuberculosis: Diagnosis and Management. University of Washington Internal Medicine. Seattle, Washington, USA, August 2016.  [Seminar]
  18. Creating Point-of-Care Diagnostics for Use in Resource-Limited Settings: Lessons Learned from South Africa. Presentation to University of KwaZulu-Natal’s Department of Rural Health. Durban, South Africa, November 2016.  [Grand Rounds]
  19. Point-of-care Testing for Screening and Diagnosing Active TB Disease. University of Washington’s Second Annual Symposium on Tuberculosis. Seattle, Washington, USA, December 2016.  [Seminar]
  20. Creating molecular point-of-care diagnostics for use in resource-limited settings: Lessons learned from South Africa. Molecular Medicine Tri-Conference. San Francisco, California, USA, February 2017.  [Symposium]
  21. Using technology and point-of-care diagnostics to end HIV and tuberculosis. Grand Rounds, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, March 2017. [Grand Rounds]
  22. Using Technology and point-of-care diagnostics to end HIV and tuberculosis. Presentation to Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, April 2017. [Symposium]
  23. Urine LAM detection: current status and future prospects. Advanced TB Diagnostics Course, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, June 2017. [Seminar]
  24. Do we need a GAVI for diagnostics? Advanced TB Diagnostics Course, McGill University, Montreal, Canada, June 2017.  [Seminar]
  25. Undergraduate degrees in Global Health. Undergraduate Global Health Majors and Minors: Integrating Experiential and Community-Based Learning Seminar, Child Family Health International, Webinar, August 2017. [Seminar]
  26. The social history: What impacts health? University of Washington School of Medicine Foundations of Clinical Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA, August 2017. [Seminar]
  27. Measuring HIV: monitoring, resistance & adherence. McGill University, Montreal, Canada, June 2018.  [Grand Rounds]
  28. Exploring the case for a global alliance for medical diagnostics initiative. McGill University, Montreal, Canada, June 2018. [Seminar]
  29. The Role of Fogarty Training on Career Trajectory. Consortium of Universities for Global Health, Chicago, Illinois, USA, March 2019. [Symposium]
  30. Point-of-care Testing to Improve HIV Outcomes. Cepheid, Inc. Annual Scientific Meeting, Sunnyvale, California, USA. September 2019.  [Grand Rounds]
  31. Clinical Performance of FLOW-TB in South Africa. Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA. October 2019.  [Grand Rounds]
  32. Point-of-care testing will be critical for ending the HIV, TB and COVID epidemics. University of Washington Internal Medicine Resident Lecture, Seattle, Washington, USA.  January 2021.  [Seminar]
  33. Tackling entrenched inequalities to end epidemics – Better delivery of client-centric diagnosis and care. Africa Healthcare Online. January 2021. [Panel Discussion]
  34. Leveraging Global Health to change Local Communities: Lessons from COVID-19. University of Washington School of Medicine Global Health Interest Group, Seattle, Washington, USA. March 2021. [Seminar]
  35. Advancing Diagnostic Testing for SARS-CoV-2. COVID Here and Now Treatment Conference – (CHANT) Spring Series Online, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. March 2021. [Grand Rounds]
  36. Gaps and Priorities for TB Biomarkers and Diagnostics. Advanced TB Research Training Course (virtual). September 2021. [Seminar]
  37. Objective Adherence Testing for HIV Treatment and Prevention. IDWeek Conference. San Diego, CA, October 2021.
  38. Incipient and Subclinical TB: A Clinical Review of Early Stages and Progression of Infection. USAID. (virtual) January 2022. [Grand Rounds].
  39. POC Viral Load testing for HIV Care. 24th Bangkok International Symposium on HIV Medicine. Bangkok, Thailand. January 2022.
  40. Global Considerations on Omicron Diagnostics. Seminar for Abbott Diagnostics. Virtual webinar.  March 2022. [Seminar]
  41. Global Considerations on Omicron Diagnostics. European Congress of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (ECCMID) Conference, Lisbon, Spain. March 2022.
  42. Tuberculosis Pathogenesis and Transmission. TB Clinical Intensive course, Curry Center and Firland Foundation.  Seattle, WA.  June 2022. [Seminar]
  43. Global Considerations for SARS-CoV-2 Diagnostics. Plenary Session for American Association of Clinical Chemistry Conference, Chicago, Illinois, USA.  July 2022. [Plenary]
  44. Use of TB LAM: What’s next?  AIDS 2022: The 24th International AIDS Conference, Montreal, Canada. August 2022. [Plenary]
  45. Point of Care Tests for Drug Level Testing: Where are we?  International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV, Hepatitis, and Other Antiviral Drugs, Barcelona, Spain. September 2022. [Workshop]
  46. Taking the Road Less Traveled to Medical School. American Medical Student Association, and American Medical Women’s Association Annual Symposium, Seattle, Washington, USA. October 2022. [Keynote]
  47. Reassured Point-of-Care Diagnostics Research. REASSURED Diagnostics Symposium, Pretoria, South Africa. November 2022. [Keynote]
  48. Drain PK. Objective Adherence Testing for HIV Treatment and Prevention.  18th Residential Course on Clinical Pharmacology of Antiretrovirals, Torino, Italy. January 2023.
  49. Tuberculosis Pathogenesis and Transmission. TB Clinical Intensive course, Curry Center and Firland Foundation.  Seattle, WA.  July 2023. [Seminar]