TB/HIV Co-Infection: Documentation

Learning Objective:

  • Accurately complete TB forms and registers
  • Discussion: Registers

    Ask the mentee to draw a blank table for each register below, and talk through each register and the questions in each column. Ask him or her to begin with the patient’s first visit as a presumptive TB case. Provide feedback.

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    • [activity type]

      Review the Flow of Data and Timelines in Zimbabwe NTP (National TB Programme) in detail and ask:

      1. Is this similar to what he or she see in their work? If not, what is happening?
      2. What are the challenges?
      3. What are examples of how the data is collected in these registers and forms used at each of these four levels: community, health facility, district, provincial, and national?

      Answers

      Community Level
      • Detection/identification of suspects
      • Referral of suspects to health facilities for referrals
      Health Facility Level
      • Evaluation of case detection and case management
      • Calculation of the case detection rate and rate it against the set targets for the facility
      • Rapid assessment of programme performance at the facility using the DOT register
      Use of Data: District Level
      • Planning and distribution of resources
      • Comparisons between health facilities
      • Early detection of problematic areas
      • Provision of feedback
      • Remedying problems in the district
      • TB notification to provinces
      • Quarterly TB summary notifications to the province
      • Quarterly district TB review meetings bringing together nurses and EHTs from all facilities in the district
      Use of Data: Provincial Level
      • Comparisons between districts
      • Allocation of resources to districts
      • Early detection of problem districts
      • Provision of feedback to help improve performance
      • Quarterly provincial TB review meetings bringing together DHEs from all districts
      Use of Data: National Level
      • Resource mobilisation
      • International reporting requirements
      • General TB policy formulation
      • Advocacy for political commitment to the program
      • Consolidation of annual TB summaries for National updates and reports
    • [activity type]

      Tell your mentee that you will review a case study related to common errors.


      An auditor came to your facility to conduct an audit and discovered some common errors in your TB registers. They found:

      1. Discrepancy in case totals reported in laboratory register vs. district TB register
      2. TB case definitions misreported
      3. Registers are not updated; essential information is missing
      4. Incompleteness between the registers that are linked in the continuum of care

      What are some explanations for these errors?

      Answers
      1. A higher number of sputum-positive cases are recorded in the lab register than in the district TB register, potentially because some patients may not go to the clinics for treatment after diagnosis (and after having been registered in the lab register), or some patients may receive treatment, but are not registered in the district TB register
      2. Lack of adequate training of staff on TB case definitions
      3. Too much information to complete within a setup of staff shortages
      4. Poor communication between the laboratory and district HCW
      5. Presumptive TB cases diagnosed with TB and those not diagnosed with TB should still be listed in multiple registers, thereby creating a link between the various TB and HIV services. For example, a PLHIV on ART who is screened for TB should appear in the OI/ART Attendance, Pre-ART, ART, Presumptive TB Case Register and TB Laboratory Register, even if the TB diagnosis is negative. Currently, this type of sequence is not seen.

      Emphasise to mentees that they have a responsibility to maintain the registers and reports, so that adequate patient monitoring and better quality of care can be delivered.

    • [activity type]

      Go collect the following completed patient registers.

      1. Presumptive TB case register
      2. Lab register
      3. District TB register
      4. DOT register

      Ask your mentee to answer the questions corresponding with the register below.


      Presumptive TB Case Register
      1. What was done well?
      2. Was the information provided in this register complete? If no, what is missing?
      3. Was the information provided in this register accurate? If no, why not? What were the issues?
      4. Did the cases suspected have sputum confirmation results?
      5. On average, how long did it take to get sputum results?
      Lab Register
      1. What was done well?
      2. Was the information provided in this register complete? If no, what was missing?
      3. Was the information provided in this register accurate? If no, why not? What were the issues?
      4. Were sputum results done at diagnosis and follow up?
      District TB Register
      1. What was done well?
      2. Was the information provided in this register complete? If no, what was missing?
      3. Was the information provided in this register accurate? If no, why not? What were the issues?
      4. Do diagnosis, treatment category and patient type correlate?
      DOT Register
      1. What was done well?
      2. Was the information provided in this register complete? If no, what is missing?
      3. Was the information provided in this register accurate? If no, why not? What were the issues?
      4. Was there a high number of days supplied versus the days directly observed? If yes, what does this mean?