<?xml version="1.0"?>
<FCCS_file xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="cash.xsd" schemaVersion="1.4">
  <fuelbed_number>154</fuelbed_number>
  <fuelbed_name>Bur oak savanna</fuelbed_name>
  <fuelbed_description>Oak woodlands or savannas bordering and occurring within prairie-dominated regions. These savannas are generally dominated by bur oak. This savanna type is maintained by fire and is found from South Dakota west into Wyoming, south into Oklahoma, and east into Missouri and Iowa. The structure of this fuelbed is fairly homogeneous, although canopy species, shrubs and herbaceous vegetation vary throughout this region. Fire exclusion has allowed encroachment of other oaks and mixed deciduous species.</fuelbed_description>
  <ecoregion>210,220,250,310,330</ecoregion>
  <vegetation_form>5</vegetation_form>
  <structural_class>1</structural_class>
  <cover_type>48,143,278</cover_type>
  <change_agent>2</change_agent>
  <natural_fire_regime>1</natural_fire_regime>
  <condition_class>2</condition_class>
  <user_name/>
  <address/>
  <affiliation/>
  <phone/>
  <file_owner_email/>
  <notes/>
  <site_photo/>
  <date_collected>2003-09-17</date_collected>
  <fuelbed_confidence>3</fuelbed_confidence>
  <fuelbed>
    <canopy>
      <trees>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="25" max="85" reference_id="5019">60</total_percent_cover>
        <overstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="25" max="85" reference_id="5000">45</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="28" max="85" reference_id="5066">52</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="10" max="40" reference_id="5000">30</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="6" max="30" reference_id="5066">12</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="17" max="30" reference_id="5066">23</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>70.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19290</tsn>
              <relative_cover>10.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>21536</tsn>
              <relative_cover>10.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>504714</tsn>
              <relative_cover>10.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </overstory>
        <midstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="60" reference_id="5000">40</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="22" max="54" reference_id="5066">41</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="5" max="30" reference_id="5000">20</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="12" max="252" reference_id="5066">100</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="4.5" max="12" reference_id="5066">8</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>50.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19049</tsn>
              <relative_cover>15.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>32929</tsn>
              <relative_cover>13.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>195773</tsn>
              <relative_cover>12.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>24764</tsn>
              <relative_cover>10.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </midstory>
        <understory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="10" max="50" reference_id="5000">30</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="10" max="36" reference_id="5066">14.5</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="2" max="8" reference_id="5000">5</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="74" max="675" reference_id="5066">200</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="1" max="3.5" reference_id="5066">2</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19049</tsn>
              <relative_cover>50.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>30.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19511</tsn>
              <relative_cover>20.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </understory>
      </trees>
      <snags>
        <class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height_to_crown_base unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
        <class_1_all_others>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="18" reference_id="5066">2</stem_density>
          <diameter unit="inches" min="8.5" max="19" reference_id="5066">9.8</diameter>
          <height unit="feet" min="10" max="65" reference_id="5066">26</height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19049</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </class_1_all_others>
        <class_2>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="18" reference_id="5066">2</stem_density>
          <diameter unit="inches" min="7" max="18" reference_id="5066">10</diameter>
          <height unit="feet" min="8" max="65">26</height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19049</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </class_2>
        <class_3>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="10" reference_id="5066">2</stem_density>
          <diameter unit="inches" min="8.5" max="15" reference_id="5066">11.5</diameter>
          <height unit="feet" min="8" max="65">26</height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19049</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </class_3>
      </snags>
      <ladder_fuels>
        <minimum_height unit="feet"/>
        <maximum_height unit="feet"/>
        <is_vertically_contiguous/>
        <type/>
      </ladder_fuels>
    </canopy>
    <shrubs>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="50" reference_id="5019">25</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="1" max="7" reference_id="5019">3</height>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="20" max="95" reference_id="5000">70</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>19506</tsn>
            <relative_cover>25.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>19507</tsn>
            <relative_cover>25.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>24806</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>35336</tsn>
            <relative_cover>15.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>25109</tsn>
            <relative_cover>15.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
      <needle_drape>
        <is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>0</is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>
      </needle_drape>
    </shrubs>
    <herbaceous>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="15" max="70" reference_id="5000">30</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="3" max="7" reference_id="4013">5</height>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="40" max="90" reference_id="5000">60</percent_live>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="3" reference_id="5000">0.3</loading>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>40456</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>42076</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>42102</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>507977</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
    </herbaceous>
    <woody_fuel>
      <all_downed_woody_fuel>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="15" reference_id="5000">20</total_percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="10" reference_id="5085">0.5</depth>
      </all_downed_woody_fuel>
      <sound_wood>
        <loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
          <zero_to_quarter_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0.5">0.2</zero_to_quarter_inch>
          <quarter_inch_to_one_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0.1" max="1">0.5</quarter_inch_to_one_inch>
          <one_to_three_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0.1" max="1.5">0.5</one_to_three_inches>
        </loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0.1" max="3">1</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1">0.5</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
        <all_sound_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19049</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_sound_wood>
      </sound_wood>
      <rotten_wood>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="3" reference_id="5000">0</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1" reference_id="5000">0</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0.25" reference_id="5000">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
        <all_rotten_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19287</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19049</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_rotten_wood>
      </rotten_wood>
      <stumps>
        <sound>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </sound>
        <rotten>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </rotten>
        <lightered_pitchy>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </lightered_pitchy>
      </stumps>
    </woody_fuel>
    <moss_lichen_litter>
      <moss>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <type/>
      </moss>
      <ground_lichen>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
      </ground_lichen>
      <litter>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="50" max="100" reference_id="5000">85</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="1" max="3">1.8</depth>
        <arrangement>1</arrangement>
        <litter_type>
          <short_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </short_needle_pine>
          <long_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </long_needle_pine>
          <other_conifer>
            <relative_cover/>
          </other_conifer>
          <broadleaf_deciduous>
            <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
          </broadleaf_deciduous>
          <broadleaf_evergreen>
            <relative_cover/>
          </broadleaf_evergreen>
          <palm_frond>
            <relative_cover/>
          </palm_frond>
          <grass>
            <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
          </grass>
        </litter_type>
      </litter>
    </moss_lichen_litter>
    <ground_fuel>
      <duff>
        <upper>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="50" max="100" reference_id="5000">90</percent_cover>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0.1" max="0.5">0.4</depth>
          <derivation>1</derivation>
        </upper>
        <lower>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="30" max="100" reference_id="5000"/>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0.1" max="0.5"/>
          <derivation/>
          <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        </lower>
      </duff>
      <basal_accumulation>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
        <type/>
      </basal_accumulation>
      <squirrel_middens>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
      </squirrel_middens>
    </ground_fuel>
  </fuelbed>
</FCCS_file>
