<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FCCS_file xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" schemaVersion="1.4" xsi:schemaLocation="conf\\us.fed.fs.fera.fccs.xsd">
  <fuelbed_number>304</fuelbed_number>
  <fuelbed_name>Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir/horsetail forest</fuelbed_name>
  <fuelbed_description>Conifer swamp forest dominated by various mixes of Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir occurring in the central and northern Rocky Mountains. Other potential canopy dominants include western redcedar and western hemlock.</fuelbed_description>
  <ecoregion>330,340</ecoregion>
  <vegetation_form>2</vegetation_form>
  <structural_class>1</structural_class>
  <cover_type>113,134</cover_type>
  <change_agent>18</change_agent>
  <natural_fire_regime>5</natural_fire_regime>
  <condition_class>1</condition_class>
  <user_name>Roger Ottmar/Anne Andreu</user_name>
  <address/>
  <affiliation>USDA Forest Service</affiliation>
  <phone/>
  <file_owner_email/>
  <notes>Used FCCS 279 as a base. Altered canopy, shrub, nonwoody, LLM, duff according to 2 forest types in the Northern Rocky Mountain Conifer Swamp ecological system (from NatureServe website).
</notes>
  <date_collected>Sep 16, 2011</date_collected>
  <fuelbed_confidence/>
  <fuelbed>
    <canopy>
      <trees>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="20" max="70">60</total_percent_cover>
        <overstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="20" max="70">50</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="25" max="63" reference_id="5066">40</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="5" max="25">10</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="10" max="660" reference_id="5066">150</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="2.5" max="16" reference_id="5066">8</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183291</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>181830</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </overstory>
        <midstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="10" max="35">20</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="10" max="50" reference_id="5066">30</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="0" max="15">10</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="20" max="3000" reference_id="5066">700</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="1.5" max="12" reference_id="5066">4</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183327</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183291</tsn>
              <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>181830</tsn>
              <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </midstory>
        <understory>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches"/>
          <species/>
        </understory>
      </trees>
      <snags>
        <class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="40">1.29818</percent_cover>
          <height_to_crown_base unit="feet" min="0" max="40">26.68</height_to_crown_base>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="150">20</stem_density>
          <diameter unit="inches" min="1" max="14">6</diameter>
          <height unit="feet" min="25" max="55" reference_id="5066">40</height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183291</tsn>
              <relative_cover>65.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>181830</tsn>
              <relative_cover>35.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
        <class_1_all_others>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_1_all_others>
        <class_2>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="300">20</stem_density>
          <diameter unit="inches" min="1" max="14">8</diameter>
          <height unit="feet" min="25" max="55">30</height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183291</tsn>
              <relative_cover>65.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>181830</tsn>
              <relative_cover>35.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </class_2>
        <class_3>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="150">25</stem_density>
          <diameter unit="inches" min="1" max="14">8</diameter>
          <height unit="feet" min="25" max="55">20</height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183291</tsn>
              <relative_cover>65.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>181830</tsn>
              <relative_cover>35.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </class_3>
      </snags>
      <ladder_fuels>
        <minimum_height unit="feet" min="0" max="3">1</minimum_height>
        <maximum_height unit="feet" min="5" max="20">10</maximum_height>
        <is_vertically_contiguous>1</is_vertically_contiguous>
        <type>2</type>
      </ladder_fuels>
    </canopy>
    <shrubs>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="5" max="50">15</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="6" max="13">10</height>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="60" max="90">90</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>19466</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>24448</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>501637</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>23571</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>29397</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
      <needle_drape>
        <is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>0</is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>
      </needle_drape>
    </shrubs>
    <herbaceous>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="5" max="40">20</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="0.5" max="3">1.5</height>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0.5">0.02</loading>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="70" max="100">85</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>17413</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>43044</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>503656</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>17579</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>17148</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
    </herbaceous>
    <woody_fuel>
      <all_downed_woody_fuel>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="5" max="50">15</total_percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0.2" max="1">0.5</depth>
      </all_downed_woody_fuel>
      <sound_wood>
        <all_sound_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183291</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>181830</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_sound_wood>
        <loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
          <zero_to_quarter_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1" reference_id="5107">0.4</zero_to_quarter_inch>
          <quarter_inch_to_one_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1" reference_id="5107">1</quarter_inch_to_one_inch>
          <one_to_three_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="4">2</one_to_three_inches>
        </loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="8" reference_id="5107">4</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="8" reference_id="5107">2</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </sound_wood>
      <rotten_wood>
        <all_rotten_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183291</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>181830</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_rotten_wood>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="5" reference_id="5107">2</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="2" reference_id="5107">1</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </rotten_wood>
      <stumps>
        <sound>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </sound>
        <rotten>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </rotten>
        <lightered_pitchy>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </lightered_pitchy>
      </stumps>
    </woody_fuel>
    <moss_lichen_litter>
      <moss>
        <type>2</type>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="20" max="100">70</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="1.5" max="5">2</depth>
      </moss>
      <ground_lichen>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
      </ground_lichen>
      <litter>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="20" max="80">40</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="2">0.5</depth>
        <arrangement>1</arrangement>
        <litter_type>
          <short_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </short_needle_pine>
          <long_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </long_needle_pine>
          <other_conifer>
            <relative_cover>100.0</relative_cover>
          </other_conifer>
          <broadleaf_deciduous>
            <relative_cover>0.0</relative_cover>
          </broadleaf_deciduous>
          <broadleaf_evergreen>
            <relative_cover/>
          </broadleaf_evergreen>
          <palm_frond>
            <relative_cover/>
          </palm_frond>
          <grass>
            <relative_cover/>
          </grass>
        </litter_type>
      </litter>
    </moss_lichen_litter>
    <ground_fuel>
      <duff>
        <upper>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="5">2</depth>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="95">75</percent_cover>
          <derivation>2</derivation>
        </upper>
        <lower>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="5">1</depth>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="95">75</percent_cover>
          <derivation>4</derivation>
        </lower>
      </duff>
      <squirrel_middens>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
      </squirrel_middens>
      <basal_accumulation>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
        <type/>
      </basal_accumulation>
    </ground_fuel>
  </fuelbed>
</FCCS_file>
