<?xml version="1.0"?>
<FCCS_file xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" schemaVersion="1.4" xsi:schemaLocation="conf\\us.fed.fs.fera.fccs.xsd">
  <fuelbed_number>405</fuelbed_number>
  <fuelbed_name>Northern red oak montane forest</fuelbed_name>
  <fuelbed_description>Central and southern Appalachian montane oak forest. Occurs above 3500 feet in the central and southern Appalachian mountains. Stands typically dominated by northern red oak, but some stands may be dominated or co-dominated by white oak. Stand structure ranges from open woodland to dense thickets of typically stunted trees. This fuelbed represents a dense thicket of somewhat short-stature trees.</fuelbed_description>
  <ecoregion>210,220</ecoregion>
  <vegetation_form>1</vegetation_form>
  <structural_class>3</structural_class>
  <cover_type>52,54</cover_type>
  <change_agent>18</change_agent>
  <natural_fire_regime>1</natural_fire_regime>
  <condition_class>2</condition_class>
  <user_name/>
  <address/>
  <affiliation/>
  <phone/>
  <file_owner_email/>
  <notes>Created from LF_403 for EVT2320. Altered canopy, shrub and nonwoody species composition based on EVT description and Red oak montane forest alliance description from NatureServe Explorer. Changed NW load based on reviews.</notes>
  <date_collected>Sep 19, 2011</date_collected>
  <fuelbed_confidence/>
  <fuelbed>
    <canopy>
      <trees>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="25" max="95">75</total_percent_cover>
        <overstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="20" max="90">65</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="28" max="45">25</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="1" max="15">10</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="10" max="205">75</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="6.5" max="21.5">5</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19408</tsn>
              <relative_cover>65</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19290</tsn>
              <relative_cover>25</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19478</tsn>
              <relative_cover>10</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </overstory>
        <midstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="5" max="35">15</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="15" max="30">10</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="1" max="10">5</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="11" max="101">20</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="1.8" max="11.5">3</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>24539</tsn>
              <relative_cover>5.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19408</tsn>
              <relative_cover>75</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>24764</tsn>
              <relative_cover>5</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>28002</tsn>
              <relative_cover>5</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19033</tsn>
              <relative_cover>5</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>23864</tsn>
              <relative_cover>5</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </midstory>
        <understory>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches"/>
          <species/>
        </understory>
      </trees>
      <snags>
        <class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height_to_crown_base unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
        <class_1_all_others>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_1_all_others>
        <class_2>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_2>
        <class_3>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_3>
      </snags>
      <ladder_fuels>
        <minimum_height unit="feet" min="0" max="6">5</minimum_height>
        <maximum_height unit="feet" min="10" max="25">20</maximum_height>
        <is_vertically_contiguous>1</is_vertically_contiguous>
        <type>2</type>
      </ladder_fuels>
    </canopy>
    <shrubs>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="10" max="60">30</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="2" max="15">3</height>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="50" max="100">85</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>23571</tsn>
            <relative_cover>34</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>23677</tsn>
            <relative_cover>33</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>23700</tsn>
            <relative_cover>33</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
      <needle_drape>
        <is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>0</is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>
      </needle_drape>
    </shrubs>
    <herbaceous>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="10" max="40">10</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="2" max="3">2.5</height>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre" min="0.1" max="1.5">0.13</loading>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="0" max="90">50</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>17491</tsn>
            <relative_cover>34</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>39749</tsn>
            <relative_cover>33</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>565865</tsn>
            <relative_cover>33</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
    </herbaceous>
    <woody_fuel>
      <all_downed_woody_fuel>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="10" max="50">25</total_percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0.5" max="3">1</depth>
      </all_downed_woody_fuel>
      <sound_wood>
        <all_sound_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19276</tsn>
              <relative_cover>100.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_sound_wood>
        <loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
          <zero_to_quarter_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0.1" max="5">0.3</zero_to_quarter_inch>
          <quarter_inch_to_one_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0.1" max="2">0.7</quarter_inch_to_one_inch>
          <one_to_three_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="2">1</one_to_three_inches>
        </loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </sound_wood>
      <rotten_wood>
        <all_rotten_wood>
          <species/>
        </all_rotten_wood>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre"/>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre"/>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </rotten_wood>
      <stumps>
        <sound>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </sound>
        <rotten>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </rotten>
        <lightered_pitchy>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </lightered_pitchy>
      </stumps>
    </woody_fuel>
    <moss_lichen_litter>
      <moss>
        <type/>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
      </moss>
      <ground_lichen>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
      </ground_lichen>
      <litter>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="85" max="100">90</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0.5" max="3.5">1</depth>
        <arrangement>1</arrangement>
        <litter_type>
          <short_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </short_needle_pine>
          <long_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </long_needle_pine>
          <other_conifer>
            <relative_cover/>
          </other_conifer>
          <broadleaf_deciduous>
            <relative_cover>100.0</relative_cover>
          </broadleaf_deciduous>
          <broadleaf_evergreen>
            <relative_cover/>
          </broadleaf_evergreen>
          <palm_frond>
            <relative_cover/>
          </palm_frond>
          <grass>
            <relative_cover/>
          </grass>
        </litter_type>
      </litter>
    </moss_lichen_litter>
    <ground_fuel>
      <duff>
        <upper>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0.1" max="1">0.2</depth>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="50" max="90">70</percent_cover>
          <derivation>1</derivation>
        </upper>
        <lower>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="0.5"/>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="50" max="90"/>
          <derivation/>
          <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        </lower>
      </duff>
      <squirrel_middens>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
      </squirrel_middens>
      <basal_accumulation>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
        <type/>
      </basal_accumulation>
    </ground_fuel>
  </fuelbed>
</FCCS_file>
