<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FCCS_file xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" schemaVersion="1.4" xsi:schemaLocation="conf\\us.fed.fs.fera.fccs.xsd">
  <fuelbed_number>418</fuelbed_number>
  <fuelbed_name>White spruce/juniper/little bluestem savanna</fuelbed_name>
  <fuelbed_description>This alvar vegetation occurs in the Great Lakes basin of the northern US and southern Ontario. The structure is variable, ranging from open outcrops, grasslands or shrublands, to woodlands. Typically alvars are mosaics of these conditions based on soil development. Alvars are often composed of mixed grasslands with sparse overstories of white spruce, northern white-cedar, or jack pine interspersed with shrublands of juniper and other shrubs that thrive on calcareous soils. </fuelbed_description>
  <ecoregion>210,220</ecoregion>
  <vegetation_form>5</vegetation_form>
  <structural_class>4</structural_class>
  <cover_type>401</cover_type>
  <change_agent>18</change_agent>
  <natural_fire_regime>2</natural_fire_regime>
  <condition_class>1</condition_class>
  <user_name/>
  <address/>
  <affiliation/>
  <phone/>
  <file_owner_email/>
  <notes>Base fuelbed LF_416 for EVT2409. Altered canopy, shrub and nonwoody structure and composition based on  EVT description and NatureServe association descriptions.  Also updated litter and woody fuels composition.</notes>
  <date_collected>Sep 19, 2011</date_collected>
  <fuelbed_confidence/>
  <fuelbed>
    <canopy>
      <trees>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="60">15</total_percent_cover>
        <overstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="25">15</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="0" max="50">30</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="0" max="25">15</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="35">20</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="2" max="10">5</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183295</tsn>
              <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>505490</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>183319</tsn>
              <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </overstory>
        <midstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches"/>
          <species/>
        </midstory>
        <understory>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches"/>
          <species/>
        </understory>
      </trees>
      <snags>
        <class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height_to_crown_base unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
        <class_1_all_others>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_1_all_others>
        <class_2>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_2>
        <class_3>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_3>
      </snags>
      <ladder_fuels>
        <minimum_height unit="feet"/>
        <maximum_height unit="feet"/>
        <is_vertically_contiguous/>
        <type/>
      </ladder_fuels>
    </canopy>
    <shrubs>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="65">30</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="0.5" max="8">3</height>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="50" max="100">90</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>194820</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>18048</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>27779</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>23530</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
      <needle_drape>
        <is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>0</is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>
      </needle_drape>
    </shrubs>
    <herbaceous>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="50" max="100">30</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="1" max="5">2</height>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="2.5">0.3</loading>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="40" max="100">85</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>530264</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>41642</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>42119</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>39369</tsn>
            <relative_cover>10</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
    </herbaceous>
    <woody_fuel>
      <all_downed_woody_fuel>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="40">10</total_percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="1">0.5</depth>
      </all_downed_woody_fuel>
      <sound_wood>
        <all_sound_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>505490</tsn>
              <relative_cover>100</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_sound_wood>
        <loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
          <zero_to_quarter_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1">0.1</zero_to_quarter_inch>
          <quarter_inch_to_one_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1">0.1</quarter_inch_to_one_inch>
          <one_to_three_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1">0.1</one_to_three_inches>
        </loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1">0.1</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </sound_wood>
      <rotten_wood>
        <all_rotten_wood>
          <species/>
        </all_rotten_wood>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre"/>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre"/>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </rotten_wood>
      <stumps>
        <sound>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </sound>
        <rotten>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </rotten>
        <lightered_pitchy>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </lightered_pitchy>
      </stumps>
    </woody_fuel>
    <moss_lichen_litter>
      <moss>
        <type>2</type>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="25">5</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="2">0.5</depth>
      </moss>
      <ground_lichen>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="25">5</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="1.5">0.5</depth>
      </ground_lichen>
      <litter>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="60">40</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0.5" max="6">1</depth>
        <arrangement>1</arrangement>
        <litter_type>
          <short_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover>10.0</relative_cover>
          </short_needle_pine>
          <long_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </long_needle_pine>
          <other_conifer>
            <relative_cover>40.0</relative_cover>
          </other_conifer>
          <broadleaf_deciduous>
            <relative_cover>10.0</relative_cover>
          </broadleaf_deciduous>
          <broadleaf_evergreen>
            <relative_cover>20.0</relative_cover>
          </broadleaf_evergreen>
          <palm_frond>
            <relative_cover/>
          </palm_frond>
          <grass>
            <relative_cover>20.0</relative_cover>
          </grass>
        </litter_type>
      </litter>
    </moss_lichen_litter>
    <ground_fuel>
      <duff>
        <upper>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="3"/>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="100"/>
          <derivation/>
          <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        </upper>
        <lower>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="3"/>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="0" max="100"/>
          <derivation/>
          <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        </lower>
      </duff>
      <squirrel_middens>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
      </squirrel_middens>
      <basal_accumulation>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
        <type/>
      </basal_accumulation>
    </ground_fuel>
  </fuelbed>
</FCCS_file>
