<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<FCCS_file xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" schemaVersion="1.4" xsi:schemaLocation="conf\\us.fed.fs.fera.fccs.xsd">
  <fuelbed_number>429</fuelbed_number>
  <fuelbed_name>Black locust forest</fuelbed_name>
  <fuelbed_description>Forest dominated by introduced species including black locust, tree-of-heaven, or Norway maple occurring throughout the  midwestern, northeastern and parts of the southeastern US. This fuelbed represents a forest dominated by black locust outside of its natural range, with tree-of-heaven and Norway maple as possible associated species.</fuelbed_description>
  <ecoregion>220,230</ecoregion>
  <vegetation_form>1</vegetation_form>
  <structural_class>7</structural_class>
  <cover_type>55</cover_type>
  <change_agent>6</change_agent>
  <natural_fire_regime>1</natural_fire_regime>
  <condition_class>3</condition_class>
  <user_name/>
  <address/>
  <affiliation/>
  <phone/>
  <file_owner_email/>
  <notes>Base fuelbed FCCS 180 for EVT 2187. Altered canopy, shrub and nonwoody structure and composition based on NatureServe alliance description and NPS description of black locust forest with other introduced trees present. Also altered snag and woody species composition; removed stumps and jackpots.</notes>
  <date_collected>Sep 20, 2011</date_collected>
  <fuelbed_confidence/>
  <fuelbed>
    <canopy>
      <trees>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="40" max="100">80</total_percent_cover>
        <overstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="30" max="100">60</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="25" max="90">50</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="10" max="35">25</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="15" max="165">65</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="8" max="30">10</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>504804</tsn>
              <relative_cover>30.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19276</tsn>
              <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19223</tsn>
              <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19040</tsn>
              <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19254</tsn>
              <relative_cover>10</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </overstory>
        <midstory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="10" max="60">45</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="15" max="50">30</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="5" max="25">15</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="10" max="500">150</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="2.5" max="10">6</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>28727</tsn>
              <relative_cover>25.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>24764</tsn>
              <relative_cover>15.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>18086</tsn>
              <relative_cover>15.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>28728</tsn>
              <relative_cover>15.00</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19048</tsn>
              <relative_cover>15</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>18048</tsn>
              <relative_cover>15</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </midstory>
        <understory>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="10" max="50" reference_id="5003">25</percent_cover>
          <height unit="feet" min="5" max="15">15</height>
          <height_to_live_crown unit="feet" min="0.5" max="5">3</height_to_live_crown>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="50" max="800">200</stem_density>
          <diameter_at_breast_height unit="inches" min="1" max="7">3</diameter_at_breast_height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>28727</tsn>
              <relative_cover>35</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19276</tsn>
              <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19223</tsn>
              <relative_cover>35</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </understory>
      </trees>
      <snags>
        <class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <height_to_crown_base unit="feet"/>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_1_conifers_with_foliage>
        <class_1_all_others>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre" min="0" max="25">10</stem_density>
          <diameter unit="inches" min="5.4" max="24">10</diameter>
          <height unit="feet" min="15" max="80">35</height>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>504804</tsn>
              <relative_cover>100</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </class_1_all_others>
        <class_2>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_2>
        <class_3>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </class_3>
      </snags>
      <ladder_fuels>
        <minimum_height unit="feet"/>
        <maximum_height unit="feet"/>
        <is_vertically_contiguous/>
        <type/>
      </ladder_fuels>
    </canopy>
    <shrubs>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="15" max="50">30</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="2" max="20">4</height>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="50" max="90">75</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>18147</tsn>
            <relative_cover>25</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>28821</tsn>
            <relative_cover>25.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>24833</tsn>
            <relative_cover>25.00</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>24848</tsn>
            <relative_cover>25</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
      <needle_drape>
        <is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>0</is_sufficient_to_affect_fire_behavior>
      </needle_drape>
    </shrubs>
    <herbaceous>
      <primary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="5" max="25" reference_id="5003">15</percent_cover>
        <height unit="feet" min="0.5" max="2" reference_id="5003">1.5</height>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0.5">0.11</loading>
        <percent_live unit="number" min="0" max="90">75</percent_live>
        <species>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>34797</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>41645</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>40450</tsn>
            <relative_cover>30</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
          <species_description>
            <tsn>36223</tsn>
            <relative_cover>20</relative_cover>
          </species_description>
        </species>
      </primary_layer>
      <secondary_layer>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <height unit="feet"/>
        <loading unit="tons_per_acre"/>
        <percent_live unit="number"/>
        <species/>
      </secondary_layer>
    </herbaceous>
    <woody_fuel>
      <all_downed_woody_fuel>
        <total_percent_cover unit="number" min="5" max="25">15</total_percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0.5" max="3.5">1</depth>
      </all_downed_woody_fuel>
      <sound_wood>
        <all_sound_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>504804</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19223</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_sound_wood>
        <loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
          <zero_to_quarter_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0.6" reference_id="5003">0.4</zero_to_quarter_inch>
          <quarter_inch_to_one_inch unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="1.2" reference_id="5003">0.7</quarter_inch_to_one_inch>
          <one_to_three_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="2.5" reference_id="5003">1.4</one_to_three_inches>
        </loadings_zero_to_three_inches>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="3.8" reference_id="5003">1.8</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="4" reference_id="5003">1.8</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0" reference_id="5003">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </sound_wood>
      <rotten_wood>
        <all_rotten_wood>
          <species>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>504804</tsn>
              <relative_cover>60</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
            <species_description>
              <tsn>19223</tsn>
              <relative_cover>40</relative_cover>
            </species_description>
          </species>
        </all_rotten_wood>
        <loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
          <three_to_nine_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="4">0.5</three_to_nine_inches>
          <nine_to_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="4">0.7</nine_to_twenty_inches>
          <greater_than_twenty_inches unit="tons_per_acre" min="0" max="0" reference_id="5003">0</greater_than_twenty_inches>
        </loadings_greater_than_three_inches>
      </rotten_wood>
      <stumps>
        <sound>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </sound>
        <rotten>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </rotten>
        <lightered_pitchy>
          <stem_density unit="number_per_acre"/>
          <diameter unit="inches"/>
          <height unit="feet"/>
          <species/>
        </lightered_pitchy>
      </stumps>
    </woody_fuel>
    <moss_lichen_litter>
      <moss>
        <type/>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
      </moss>
      <ground_lichen>
        <percent_cover unit="number"/>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
      </ground_lichen>
      <litter>
        <percent_cover unit="number" min="100" max="100" reference_id="5003">100</percent_cover>
        <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="3">1.5</depth>
        <arrangement>1</arrangement>
        <litter_type>
          <short_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </short_needle_pine>
          <long_needle_pine>
            <relative_cover/>
          </long_needle_pine>
          <other_conifer>
            <relative_cover/>
          </other_conifer>
          <broadleaf_deciduous>
            <relative_cover>100.00</relative_cover>
          </broadleaf_deciduous>
          <broadleaf_evergreen>
            <relative_cover/>
          </broadleaf_evergreen>
          <palm_frond>
            <relative_cover/>
          </palm_frond>
          <grass>
            <relative_cover/>
          </grass>
        </litter_type>
      </litter>
    </moss_lichen_litter>
    <ground_fuel>
      <duff>
        <upper>
          <depth unit="inches" min="0" max="4" reference_id="5058">1</depth>
          <percent_cover unit="number" min="75" max="95" reference_id="5000">80</percent_cover>
          <derivation>1</derivation>
        </upper>
        <lower>
          <depth unit="inches"/>
          <percent_cover unit="number"/>
          <derivation/>
        </lower>
      </duff>
      <squirrel_middens>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
      </squirrel_middens>
      <basal_accumulation>
        <depth unit="inches"/>
        <radius unit="feet"/>
        <number_per_unit_area unit="number_per_acre"/>
        <type/>
      </basal_accumulation>
    </ground_fuel>
  </fuelbed>
</FCCS_file>
