{"id":1945,"date":"2024-12-07T23:51:34","date_gmt":"2024-12-08T07:51:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/?page_id=1945"},"modified":"2024-12-09T21:32:12","modified_gmt":"2024-12-10T05:32:12","slug":"concrete","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/projects\/concrete\/","title":{"rendered":"Zeolite Concrete"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1945\" class=\"elementor elementor-1945\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7b0a612d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7b0a612d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column 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href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\"><span class=\"hfe-breadcrumbs-text\">Home<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-290a6c8f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"290a6c8f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-54b10acb\" data-id=\"54b10acb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1410238b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1410238b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Cutting the Carbon Cost of Concrete<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-139a523 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"139a523\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Concrete is the most popular construction material on the planet due to its impressive mechanical properties. However, it is responsible for around 8% of global CO<sub>2<\/sub> emissions, arising primarily from generation of cement powder. Cement acts as the binder in concrete composites, which typically include both coarse (gravel) and fine (sand) aggregates as fillers. Cement powder is manufactured using an energy-intensive process (~1 kg CO<sub>2 <\/sub>generated per 1 kg cement). Because of this, alternatives for cement powder in concrete are of great interest from an environmental standpoint.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6efa6a89 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6efa6a89\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3e454735\" data-id=\"3e454735\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40cc0283 elementor-position-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-box\" data-id=\"40cc0283\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-box-wrapper\"><figure class=\"elementor-image-box-img\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1734\" height=\"2151\" src=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1736\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2.jpg 1734w, https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2-242x300.jpg 242w, https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2-825x1024.jpg 825w, https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2-768x953.jpg 768w, https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2-1238x1536.jpg 1238w, https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Picture2-1651x2048.jpg 1651w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1734px) 100vw, 1734px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"elementor-image-box-content\"><p class=\"elementor-image-box-description\">CT reconstruction of zeolite cement. The microporous nature of the composite is apparent. When viewed in an SEM, the reaction products (needles and platelets) can be seen.<\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4aa5b5c2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4aa5b5c2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3adea922\" data-id=\"3adea922\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ad67ed0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ad67ed0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Exothermic reactions with water densify and strengthen cement by producing components such as calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate hydrate (CSH). Pozzolans are materials that participate in a separate series of reactions to further densify cement via production of calcium silicate hydrate. Zeolite is a natural pozzolanic mineral composed primarily of silica and alumina that forms when layers of ash and rock from volcanic eruptions react with groundwater. Particles of zeolite are micro- and nano-porous, which increases the relative surface area and thus the reactivity. The combination of zeolite\u2019s aluminosilicate and microporous nature make it a promising pozzolanic material for concrete materials.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-775c28b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"775c28b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">A challenge to using pozzolans in concrete is that only limited amounts can be added before the material performance decreases below acceptable levels. However, zeolite has the potential to be used in substantial concentrations, reducing the amount of cement (and in turn carbon emissions) needed. To fully realize natural zeolite as a pozzolan, many aspects of the material need further understanding. In collaboration with <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zeolitecomposites.com\/\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">Zeolite Composites, LLC<\/a><\/span>, we are conducting studies to observe the impact of zeolite additions on various properties of hardened cement composites, characterize the pozzolanic activity of natural zeolite, understand the effect<\/span><br \/><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">of zeolite on the hydration reactions and strength development of concrete over time, and assess the durability of cement composites as a function of zeolite.<\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Durability is an important consideration since concrete structures are often subjected to challenging (e.g. marine or coastal) environments for long durations. Finally, the microporous nature of zeolite also introduces a potential mechanism for capturing ions or molecules, such as greenhouse gases. We therefore implement a carbonation chamber to study the accelerated exposure of carbon dioxide on cement composite samples with increasing zeolite content. Current efforts are also dedicated to conduct freeze\/thaw testing and saltwater exposure experiments for more extensive durability characterization.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5df2ef5f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5df2ef5f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b53b7e2\" data-id=\"7b53b7e2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-387f5284 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"387f5284\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36667410 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"36667410\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Select Publications<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-61e948b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"61e948b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"csl-entry\" style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12pt;\">\u00a0<span class=\"csl-right-inline\">K. Deng, R. Song, B. Lou, D. Uhm, D. Arola, Improving the strength and reliability of mortar composites with zeolite substitution, <em>Case Stud. Constr. Mater.<\/em> <strong>21<\/strong> (2024). <span style=\"color: #3366ff;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cscm.2024.e04037\" style=\"color: #3366ff;\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cscm.2024.e04037<\/a><\/span>.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32547dbb elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"32547dbb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a92aeb3 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4a92aeb3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/projects\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Back to Projects Page<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Menu Home Capabilities Current Projects People Sponsors Wiki Home Cutting the Carbon Cost of Concrete Concrete is the most popular construction material on the planet due to its impressive mechanical properties. However, it is responsible for around 8% of global CO2 emissions, arising primarily from generation of cement powder. Cement [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":23,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_canvas","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1945","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1945"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1945\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2754,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1945\/revisions\/2754"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/23"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/lampr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}