{"id":4544,"date":"2020-02-21T12:40:51","date_gmt":"2020-02-21T20:40:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/?p=4544"},"modified":"2021-02-22T12:54:24","modified_gmt":"2021-02-22T20:54:24","slug":"covid-19-literature-situation-report-february-21-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/02\/21\/covid-19-literature-situation-report-february-21-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Literature Situation Report February 21, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The scientific literature on COVID-19 is rapidly evolving and these articles were selected for review based on their relevance to Washington State decision making around COVID-19 response efforts. Included in these Lit Reps are some manuscripts that have been made available online as pre-prints but have not yet undergone peer review. Please be aware of this when reviewing articles included in the Lit Reps.<\/p>\n<h2>Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Preliminary evidence from hospital-based studies indicates that kidney impairment and acute respiratory distress syndrome are associated with a greater likelihood of death among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>Researchers seem to be converging on the theory that while bats are the most likely origin of 2019-nCoV, pangolins are the most likely intermediary host.\u00a0<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><b>A new survey of roughly 1,000 Chinese residents indicates that perceived unclear communication from government officials regarding COVID-19 is associated with increased anxiety.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<h3>Article Summaries<\/h3>\n<div class=\"js-accordion\" data-accordion-prefix-classes=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Transmission and Global Spread<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-4547\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Estimating number of global importations of COVID-19 from Wuhan, risk of transmission outside mainland China and COVID-19 introduction index between countries outside mainland China<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Accounting for potential unrecorded migration, these authors estimate the scope of COVID-19 importations in countries outside of China. They compare reported and estimated number of cases and describe countries that may be at elevated risk of local transmission. The U.S. is among the countries with higher estimated risk of a local outbreak.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sun et al. (Feb 20, 2020). Estimating number of global importations of COVID-19 from Wuhan, risk of transmission outside mainland China and COVID-19 introduction index between countries outside mainland China. Pre-print downloaded Feb 21 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.17.20024075\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.17.20024075<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-4545\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">COVID-19 in Singapore\u2014Current Experience: Critical Global Issues That Require Attention and Action<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Singapore\u2019s proactive public health response to COVID-19 is described with reference to seven critical issues that require global attention to further curb the spread of the outbreak. Among these are improved understanding of the epidemiological and clinical features of the virus, identification of effective treatment options and vaccines, and better communication and support strategies for the public and frontline health care workers.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wong et al. (Feb 20, 2020). COVID-19 in Singapore\u2014Current Experience: Critical Global Issues That Require Attention and Action. JAMA. <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2761890\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2761890<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Modeling and Prediction<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-4549\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Estimating the cure rate and case fatality rate of the ongoing epidemic COVID-19<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Diao et al. estimate the cure rate and case fatality for COVID-19 patients in Wuhan and the rest of mainland China using data on hospital discharges to support more precise modelling. They estimate that in mainland China, 93% of patients recover compared to 87% in Wuhan. These numbers suggest a case fatality among known patients of around 7% which is comparable to previous SARS estimates.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Diao et al. (Feb 20, 2020). Estimating the cure rate and case fatality rate of the ongoing epidemic COVID-19. Pre-print downloaded Feb 21 from<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.18.20024513\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.18.20024513<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-4555\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Clinical Characteristics and Progression of 2019 Novel Coronavirus-1 Infected Patients 2 Concurrent Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clinical characteristics are described for 109 COVID-19 patients admitted to Central Hospital of Wuhan. Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were more likely to have co-existing conditions, such as diabetes and cerebrovascular and chronic kidney disease than patients without ARDS. Severity of ARDS was also associated with higher risk of death.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Liu et al. (Feb 20, 2020). Clinical Characteristics and Progression of 2019 Novel Coronavirus-1 Infected Patients 2 Concurrent Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Pre-print downloaded Feb 21 from<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.17.20024166\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.17.20024166<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-4553\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Kidney impairment is associated with in-hospital death of COVID-19 patients<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A study of 710 COVID-19 patients found elevated prevalence of kidney impairment and a higher risk of in-hospital death among those with kidney impairment.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Cheng et al. (Feb 20, 2020). Kidney impairment is associated with in-hospital death of COVID-19 patients. Pre-print downloaded Feb 21 from<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.18.20023242\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.18.20023242<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-4551\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Among critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia patients, mortality is high, especially for those with comorbidities. Survival after ICU admission appears to be around 1-2 weeks among these patients.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yang et al. (Feb 21, 2020). Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. The Lancet Respir Med. <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/lancet\/article\/s2213-2600(20)30079-5\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/lancet\/article\/s2213-2600(20)30079-5<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Public Health Policy and Practice<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-4557\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">oronavirus: home testing pilot launched in London to cut hospital visits and ambulance use<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In London, public health officials are piloting a new in-home COVID-19 test among people determined not to require immediate hospitalization.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mahase (Feb 14, 2020). Coronavirus: home testing pilot launched in London to cut hospital visits and ambulance use. BMJ. <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m621\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m621<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mental Health and Personal Impact<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-4559\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Psychological responses, behavioral changes and public perceptions during the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in China: a population based cross-sectional survey<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">510 persons from Wuhan and 501 persons from Shanghai completed phone interviews asking about symptoms of anxiety and also changes in behaviors related to COVID-19, such as increased hand washing, use of masks, and avoidance of going out. \u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citizens near the epicenter (Wuhan) reported significantly greater symptoms of moderate to severe anxiety than those in Shanghai (major city with transportation ties to Wuhan). \u00a0Perception of risk and severity of disease were positively associated with behavior change, and enhanced by governmental enforcement and messaging. \u00a0However, confusion about the accuracy of information provided led to increased anxiety.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Qian et al. (Feb 20, 2020). Psychological responses, behavioral changes and public perceptions during the early phase of the COVID-19 outbreak in China: a population based cross-sectional survey. Pre-print downloaded Feb 21 from<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.18.20024448\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.02.18.20024448<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Other Resources<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This commentary describes the views of several public health leaders on the potential role of artificial intelligence technology in responding to COVID-19.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">McCall (Feb 20, 2020). COVID-19 and artificial intelligence: protecting health-care workers and curbing the spread. The Lancet Digital Health.<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30054-6\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2589-7500(20)30054-6<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mowbray describes misinformation circulating in China about prevention, testing, and treatment of COVID-19 in the absence of evidence-based answers from both Chinese and Western medicine.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mowbray (Feb 19, 2020). Letter from China: covid-19 on the grapevine, on the internet, and in commerce. BMJ. <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m643\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m643<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Preliminary evidence from hospital-based studies indicates that kidney impairment and acute respiratory distress syndrome are associated with a greater likelihood of death among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. <\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/02\/21\/psychological-responses-behavioral-changes-and-public-perceptions-during-the-early-phase-of-the-covid-19-outbreak-in-china-a-population-based-cross-sectional-survey\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":671,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-4544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-literature-situation-report"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4544"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4562,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4544\/revisions\/4562"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/671"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4544"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=4544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}