{"id":5485,"date":"2020-03-27T16:07:04","date_gmt":"2020-03-27T23:07:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/?p=5485"},"modified":"2021-03-02T16:27:26","modified_gmt":"2021-03-03T00:27:26","slug":"covid-19-literature-situation-report-march-27-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/03\/27\/covid-19-literature-situation-report-march-27-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Literature Situation Report March 27, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The scientific literature on COVID-19 is rapidly evolving and these articles were selected for review based on their relevance to Washington State decision making around COVID-19 response efforts. Included in these Lit Reps are some manuscripts that have been made available online as pre-prints but have not yet undergone peer review. Please be aware of this when reviewing articles included in the Lit Reps.<\/p>\n<h2>Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Multiple studies confirm the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 suggesting possible vertical transmission.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>A study finds that extended use of N95 and goggles with strict adherence to environmental and hand hygiene could be a safe option.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Studies on HCWs and long-term-care-facility patients both indicate that current case definitions and symptom-based screening could fail to identify half of infected individuals.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Research continues on pooled testing, ELISA, and symptom-based screeners which may help increase testing capacity.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<h3>Article Summaries<\/h3>\n<div class=\"js-accordion\" data-accordion-prefix-classes=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Transmission<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-5486\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Antibodies in Infants Born to Mothers With COVID-19 Pneumonia<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A study reviewed outcomes of six neonates, all delivered via C-section to COVID-19-positive mothers.\u00a0 All tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 and had generally favorable outcomes, however had elevated antibody and cytokine levels, indicating potential in-utero infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A larger study of 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 found that clinical symptoms were mild, outcomes were favorable, and no deaths were reported. 9% of infants in this study presented with early onset of SARS-CoV-2 infection suggesting a possibility of vertical maternal-fetal transmission.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zeng et al. (Mar 26, 2020). Antibodies in Infants Born to Mothers With COVID-19 Pneumonia. JAMA. <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.4861\"><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.4861<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zeng et al. (Mar 26, 2020). Neonatal Early-Onset Infection With SARS-CoV-2 in 33 Neonates Born to Mothers With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u00a0 <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">JAMA.<\/span><\/i> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.0878\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2020.0878<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Testing and Treatment<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-5496\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Lactate dehydrogenase, a Risk Factor of Severe COVID-19 Patients<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This retrospective observational study on 47 COVID-19 patients from Wuhan, China, showed that elevated lactate dehydrogenase could be a powerful predictor for lung injury and severe COVID-19 cases.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Han et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Lactate dehydrogenase, a Risk Factor of Severe COVID-19 Patients. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.24.20040162\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.24.20040162<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5494\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">A special case of COVID-19 with a long duration of viral shedding for 49 days.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The authors describe a mild COVID-19 family cluster, including a patient with a 49-day viral shedding period, the longest ever recorded. This cluster might have low toxicity and transmissibility but prolonged infective ability, contradicting known associations between viral shedding and prognosis.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Infusion of plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients showed high efficiency in viral elimination.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tan et al.\u00a0 (Mar 27, 2020). A special case of COVID-19 with a long duration of viral shedding for 49 days. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.22.20040071\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.22.20040071<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5492\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding and impact of Lopinavir\/Ritonavir treatment in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this retrospective cohort study of 120 COVID-19 patients, risk factors for prolonged SARS-CoV-2 shedding include older age and lack of Lopinavir\/Ritonavir treatment.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Earlier administration of Lopinavir\/Ritonavir treatment could shorten the duration of viral shedding.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yan et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding and impact of Lopinavir\/Ritonavir treatment in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.22.20040832\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.22.20040832<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5490\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Evaluation of COVID-19 RT-qPCR test in multi-sample pools.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The authors found that a pooled sampling approach consistently detected single samples of SARS-Cov-2 in pools of up to 32 unique samples, with an estimated false negative rate of 10%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This method could be applied immediately in current clinical testing laboratories, potentially enabling expansion of screening capacities to enable monitoring cohesive groups like hospital staff, military units, or factory workers.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yelin et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Evaluation of COVID-19 RT-qPCR test in multi-sample pools. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.26.20039438\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.26.20039438<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5488\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Serological diagnostic kit of SARS-C 1 oV-2 antibodies using CHO2 expressed full-length SARS-CoV-2 S1 proteins.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The authors report on the development and validation of a SARS-CoV-2 serology ELISA kit for detection of total anti-virus antibody in suspected cases and potentially using this as an at-home testing kit.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA kit were both 97.5%, and the kit was used to successfully identify antibodies in a patient who had tested negative twice using the nucleic acid test.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zhao et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Serological diagnostic kit of SARS-C 1 oV-2 antibodies using CHO2 expressed full-length SARS-CoV-2 S1 proteins. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.26.20042184\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.26.20042184<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-5504\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Anaesthetic management and clinical outcomes of parturients with COVID-19: a multicentre, retrospective, propensity score matched cohort study.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This retrospective matched case-control study compared 89 parturients with COVID-19 to 173 non-COVID-19 parturients undergoing C-section delivery, and determined that COVID-19 parturient characteristics include: fever, cough, increased plasma CRP, and decreased lymphocyte count.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anaesthesia-related complications occurred more frequently in COVID-19 parturients, and their newborns had a higher risk of distress (low Apgar score and higher NICU admission).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Zhang et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Anaesthetic management and clinical outcomes of parturients with COVID-19: a multicentre, retrospective, propensity score matched cohort study. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.24.20042176\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.24.20042176<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5502\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Anti-hypertensive Angiotensin II receptor blockers associated to mitigation of disease severity in elderly COVID-19 patients.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Findings from this retrospective study of 511 COVID-19 patients suggest that elderly (age 65+) patients with hypertension (HT) who are taking ARB anti-HT drugs may be less likely to develop severe lung disease when compared to patients taking no anti-HT drugs.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Liu et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Anti-hypertensive Angiotensin II receptor blockers associated to mitigation of disease severity in elderly COVID-19 patients. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.20.20039586\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.20.20039586<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5500\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Are patients with inflammatory bowel disease at increased risk for Covid-19 infection?<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The authors discuss the theoretical biological mechanisms which could put inflammatory bowel disease patients at risk, with inflamed gut tissue representing an optimal doorway for viral entry.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, no published evidence suggest that COVID-19 occurs more frequently in IBD patients, and no IBD patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were reported in Wuhan.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Monteleone and Ardizzone (Mar 26, 2020). Are patients with inflammatory bowel disease at increased risk for Covid-19 infection? J Crohn\u2019s Colitis.\u00a0 <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaa061\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaa061<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5498\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Acute gastrointestinal injury in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This clinical retrospective study of 83 critically ill COVID-19 patients found high rates of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) (87%) and hospital mortality (48%).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Organ failure, white blood cell counts, and duration of mechanical ventilation were risk factors for grade II AGI and above.\u00a0 Patients with worse AGI had worse clinical severity, higher septic shock incidence, and higher 28-day mortality.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sun et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Acute gastrointestinal injury in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.25.20043570\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.25.20043570<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Modelling and Prediction<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-5508\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Haplotype networks of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Diamond Princess cruise ship outbreak.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The authors performed whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 from PCR-positive specimens obtained from the Diamond Princess cruise ship, suggesting that dissemination likely originated from a single introduction event before quarantine was initiated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">This study demonstrates the usefulness of haplotype network analysis in identifying potential infection routes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sekizuka et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Haplotype networks of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Diamond Princess cruise ship outbreak. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.23.20041970\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.23.20041970<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5506\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">A Computational Model for Estimating the Progression of COVID-19 Cases in the US West and East Coasts<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">A computational model using data from the US East and West coasts predicts that number of new cases may peak in mid-April and begin to abate by July, and that new cases may be significantly mitigated by increased availability of testing kits.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yeo et al. (Mar 27, 2020). A Computational Model for Estimating the Progression of COVID-19 Cases in the US West and East Coasts. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.24.20043026\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.24.20043026<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Public Health Policy and Practice<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-5514\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">SARS-CoV-2 infection in 86 healthcare workers in two Dutch hospitals in March 2020: a cross-sectional study with short-term follow-up.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">The authors describe the clinical presentation and early outcomes of COVID-19 in 86 of the 1,353 Dutch HCWs who tested positive in this cross-sectional study and suggest adjusting the currently used case-definition for suspected COVID-19 in HCWs by considering fever as one of the possible symptoms and not as a required symptom. This could improve the sensitivity of COVID-19 detection in HCWs.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kluytmans-van den Bergh et al. (Mar 27, 2020). SARS-CoV-2 infection in 86 healthcare workers in two Dutch hospitals in March 2020: a cross-sectional study with short-term follow-up. Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.23.20041913\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.23.20041913<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5512\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Absence of contamination of personal protective equipment (PPE) by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">To evaluate the safety of extended PPE use by HCWs treating COVID-19 patients, Ong et al perform a one-day sampling study on used PPE to ascertain the per contact episode risk of PPE contamination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">All 90 samples from 30 HCWs were negative.\u00a0 This provides assurance that extended use of N95 and goggles with strict adherence to environmental and hand hygiene could be a safe option.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ong et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Absence of contamination of personal protective equipment (PPE) by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Pre-print downloaded Mar 27 from <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2020.91\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2020.91<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-5510\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Residents of a Long-Term Care Skilled Nursing Facility \u2014 King County, Washington, March 2020.<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Symptom-based screening in Skilled Nursing Facilities, which often treat elderly and high-risk patients, could fail to identify approximately half of residents with COVID-19.\u00a0 The authors indicate that these and other long-term care facilities should take proactive steps to prevent introduction of SARS-CoV-2, and also provide recommendations for response after a facility has confirmed a COVID-19 case.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kimball et al. (Mar 27, 2020). Asymptomatic and Presymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Residents of a Long-Term Care Skilled Nursing Facility \u2014 King County, Washington, March 2020.\u00a0 MMWR. <\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/69\/wr\/pdfs\/mm6913e1-H.pdf\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/volumes\/69\/wr\/pdfs\/mm6913e1-H.pdf<\/span><\/a><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><strong>Other Resources and Commentaries<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.4914\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Management of Critically Ill AdultsWith COVID-19<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 JAMA (Mar 26)<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Selected recommendations for infection control and testing, hemodynamic support, ventilatory support, and therapy for critically ill adults with COVID-19.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa330\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Self-reported olfactory and taste disorders in SARS-CoV-2 patients: a cross-sectional study<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013 Clin Infect Dis (Mar 26)<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Olfactory and taste disorders (OTD) among COVID-19 patients are frequent, especially among females and younger patients, and may precede the onset of clinical disease.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.03.25.008805\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">An artificial intelligence-based first-line defence against COVID-19: digitally screening citizens for risks via a chatbot<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u2013MedRxiv (Mar 27)<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.symptoma.com\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Symptoma<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a freely available symptom-to-disease digital assistant, was used to accurately distinguish COVID-19 in 96% of clinical cases, far exceeding other available questionnaires.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Multiple studies confirm the presence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 suggesting possible vertical transmission.<\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/03\/27\/asymptomatic-and-presymptomatic-sars-cov-2-infections-in-residents-of-a-long-term-care-skilled-nursing-facility-king-county-washington-march-2020\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1713,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-5485","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-literature-situation-report"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5485"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5517,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5485\/revisions\/5517"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1713"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5485"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=5485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}