{"id":6598,"date":"2020-05-04T14:11:21","date_gmt":"2020-05-04T21:11:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/?p=6598"},"modified":"2021-03-16T14:59:12","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T21:59:12","slug":"covid-19-literature-situation-report-may-4-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/05\/04\/covid-19-literature-situation-report-may-4-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Literature Situation Report May 4, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The scientific literature on COVID-19 is rapidly evolving and these articles were selected for review based on their relevance to Washington State decision making around COVID-19 response efforts. Included in these Lit Reps are some manuscripts that have been made available online as pre-prints but have not yet undergone peer review. Please be aware of this when reviewing articles included in the Lit Reps.<\/p>\n<h2>Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Repeated universal testing (for instance, via mailed home testing kits)\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">with isolation of infectious individuals\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">can\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reduce transmission sufficiently to\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">halt the epidemic, even\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">with a\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">false\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">negative test rate of up to 15%<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Age, cardiovascular disease, COPD, and smoking are positively associated with risk of death due to COVID-19, however ACE inhibitor usage is not; for angiotensin-receptor-blockers the association is positive but not significant<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">randomized controlled<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0trial of\u00a0remdesivir\u00a0found\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">no significant difference in<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0time<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0to clinical improvement<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pooling up to 32 samples\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in RT-PCR testing\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">can reduce reagent demands with minimal losses to test validity<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Almost 94%<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0percent of<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0a sample of<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0COVID-19<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0patients in a Wuhan Hospital were antibody positive for IgM, IgG, or both<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"5\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Reinfections\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">with endemic coronaviruses are not atypical<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and can occur<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0multiple times within a &gt;1 year time window<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A cross sectional survey\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of the US population found\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">37% of respondents\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">felt<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">on-Pharmaceutical Interventions\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">NPIs<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0were inconvenient,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">but\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">only\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0.<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">9%\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">believed that NPIs would not\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reduce<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0their personal risk of illness<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<h3>Article Summaries<\/h3>\n<div class=\"js-accordion\" data-accordion-prefix-classes=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6599\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Population-Scale Testing Can Suppress the Spread of COVID-19<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Authors in Sweden\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">demonstrate that identification and isolation of\u00a0the majority of\u00a0infectious individuals (including those who are asymptomatic)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0by testing the entire population, repeatedly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(i.e., through home test kits submitted by mail)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, would\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">yield\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">R<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&lt;1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">False positives can be tolerated as this would simply result in unnecessary quarantine, and the authors model the impact of false negatives using both\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a standard epidemiological model (SIR) and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a stochastic model built on a social network graph.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">strategy\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">is<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0effective at any preval<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ence level<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and the authors\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">suggest<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0this approach is cost-effective<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0but\u00a0do\u00a0not appear to have done a formal cost-effectiveness analysis<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Taipale et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 1,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). Population-Scale Testing Can Suppress the Spread of COVID-19.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Pre-print\u00a0downloaded\u00a0May 4 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Medrxiv.<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.27.20078329\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.27.20078329<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Transmission<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6603\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Direct Observation of Repeated Infections with Endemic Coronaviruses<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"41\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Galanti and Shaman demonstrate that reinfections with the same endemic coronaviruses (HKU1, 229E, NL63, and OC43) are not\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">unusual<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0within a &gt;1 year time window. Analyzing data collected through proactive sampling (nasal swab and self-report) in NYC from fall 2016 to spring 2018, 12 out of the 191 participants experienced one or more reinfection, with time of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reoccurrence<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0ranging from 4 to 48 weeks.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">R<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">einfection\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was not associated with<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">symptom\u00a0severity, but\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was associated with\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">belonging to the same family cluster.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:[720],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[0]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Galanti and Shaman. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 3,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). Direct Observation of Repeated Infections with Endemic Coronaviruses. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded\u00a0May\u00a04 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.27.20082032\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.27.20082032<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6601\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Emissions from Non-Symptomatic Cases<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Previous studies have shown high levels of SARS-CoV-2 in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">swab and sputum samples from individuals with no or mild symptoms of COVID-19. The authors modeled the airborne concentration of SARS-CoV-2 in a room the size of a small office or examination room using data on the distribution of aerosol sizes in exhaled breath generated by coughing versus normal breathing (emission data). They found virus concentration to be high in a room with a coughing emitter, or a high emitter breathing normally, and concluded strict respiratory protection is needed when in the same room as a potential patient.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Riediker\u00a0et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 3,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). Estimation of SARS-CoV-2 Emissions from Non-Symptomatic Cases.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Pre-print\u00a0downloaded\u00a0May 4 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Medrxiv<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2020.04.27.20081398v1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/content\/10.1101\/2020.04.27.20081398v1<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Testing and Treatment<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6613\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Early Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in COVID-19 Patients as a Serologic Marker of Infection<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"41\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Using CHO cell expressed full len<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">gth<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0SARS-CoV-2 S1 protein as capturing antigen, Zhao et al. develop and validate a rapid COVID-19 serology ELISA kit able to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibody 1 day\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">after the onset of COVID-19. The reported specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA kit was 97.5% and 97.1%, respectively, with overall accuracy rate of 97.3%<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(based on 412 negative and 69 positive samples)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Rapid serological tests such as these could<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0contribute to additional surveillance in hospitals and other frontline environments where there is a high volume of close contact with confirmed cases.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:[720,360],&quot;469777927&quot;:[0,0],&quot;469777928&quot;:[0,8]}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Zhao et al. (May<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">1<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). Early Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in COVID-19 Patients as a Serologic Marker of Infection<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">. Clinical Infectious Diseases.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa523\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa523<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6611\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Evaluation of\u00a0COVID-19 RT-QPCR Test in Multi-Sample Pools<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Many healthcare systems are experiencing shortages of reagents for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing. These authors were able to detect a single positive sample in pools of up to 32 negative samples<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, either before\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">or after RNA extraction,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">with an estimated false negative rate of 10%<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. Single positive samples could also be recovered from pools of 64 (the highest pool size tested) with additional amplification cycles.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pooled testing could be applied immediately to expand screening capacities.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Yelin et al. (May<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Evaluation of\u00a0COVID-19 RT-QPCR Test in Multi-Sample Pools. Clinical Infectious Diseases<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa531\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa531<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6609\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Remdesivir\u00a0in Adults with Severe COVID-19\u202f:\u00a0A\u00a0Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled,\u00a0multicentre\u00a0trial<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled multicent<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">er<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0trial at ten hospitals in Hubei, China<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0with 237 participants (158 randomized to\u00a0remdesivir, 79 to placebo) demonstrated that time to clinical improvement<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">did not differ\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">by study arm, with 21 days (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IQR\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">13-28<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0days<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">) in the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">remdesivir\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">group<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">versus 23 days (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IQR\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">15-28<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0days<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">) in the placebo group (HR 1.23<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">95%<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0CI 0.87 \u2013 1.75)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Overall frequency of a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">verse events w<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0similar in both groups<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">however\u00a0treatment cessation due to adverse events was higher in the\u00a0remdesivir\u00a0(12%) than placebo (5%) group.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Wang et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Apr 29,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020).\u00a0Remdesivir\u00a0in Adults with Severe COVID-19\u202f:\u00a0A\u00a0Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled,\u00a0multicentre\u00a0trial. The Lancet<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31022-9\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31022-9<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6607\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Risk of QT Interval Prolongation Associated\u00a0With\u00a0Use of Hydroxychloroquine\u00a0With\u00a0or Without Concomitant Azithromycin Among Hospitalized Patients Testing Positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Use of hydroxychloroquine\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">can increase the risk of corrected QT (QTc) prolongation, a type of cardiac arrhythmia.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Among 90 patients in an academic tertiary care center in Boston with at least one positive\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">test for SARS-CoV-2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, QTc was significantly longer after initiation of hydroxychloroquine, and this effect stronger for patients receiving both hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The authors recommend judicious use of hydroxychloroquine, along with monitoring of QTc and concomitant\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">medications<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mercuro et al. (May 1<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a02020). Risk of QT Interval Prolongation Associated\u00a0With\u00a0Use of Hydroxychloroquine\u00a0With\u00a0or Without Concomitant Azithromycin Among Hospitalized Patients Testing Positive for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiology.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1834\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.1834<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6605\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Cardiovascular Disease, Drug Therapy, and Mortality in Covid-19<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Using medical record<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0from 169 hospitals in Asia, Europe, and North America,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">from\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">8,910 COVID-19 patients with known discharge status, these authors found\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the following factors\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">were<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0positive<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ly<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0association with risk of death (i.e., higher value of the factor<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">associated with higher risk of death): age\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&gt;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">65 years, coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, COPD, current smoking.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">O<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">dds\u00a0ratio\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">were\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">between 1.79 and 2.95 for all\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">factors<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. For use of ACE\u00a0inhibitors\u00a0the association was negative, and for angiotensin-receptor-blockers the association was positive but not significant.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Mehra et al. (May 1<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a02020). Cardiovascular Disease, Drug Therapy, and Mortality in Covid-19. The New England Journal of Medicine.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2007621\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2007621<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6615\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Longitudinal Change of SARS-Cov2 Antibodies in Patients with COVID-19<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"38\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Antibody tests designed to detect envelope protein E and nucleocapsid protein N were conducted on 112 COVID-19\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(PCR positive)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">patients admitted to a hospital in Wuhan<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, China<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in February 2020.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">One hundred and five (93<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.8%) were positive for\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">either IgM<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, IgG,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">or\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">both.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0T<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">iming of testing with respect to disease onset varied<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and was\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">less than<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a010 days (i.e., possibly prior to antibody production) for 7 participants<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(two of whom were negative to both<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0IgM and IgG<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">).<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IgM\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0IgG\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">titers\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">did not differ\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">between\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">those<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0who were PCR negative versus positive after treatment.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Zhang et al. (May<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Longitudinal Change of SARS-Cov2 Antibodies in Patients with COVID-19. The Journal of Infectious Diseases<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa229\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa229<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW256489490 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW256489490 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">Mental Health and Personal Impact<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6617\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Mitigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers:\u00a0A Digital\u00a0Learning Package<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"40\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Blake et al. present a free digital learning package to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19 on the mental health of healthcare workers. The e-package was designed through an agile methodology consisting of public involvement activities and content and technical development with iterative peer review. It outlines actions for team leaders, guidance on communication and reducing social stigma, self-care strategies, and managing emotions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"40\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Evaluation indicated high user satisfaction and has already been highly accessed and adopted by various healthcare providers within their health and\u00a0wellbeing\u00a0provisions.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Blake et al. (Apr 26<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a02020). Mitigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Workers:\u00a0A Digital\u00a0Learning Package. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17092997\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17092997<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Modelling and Prediction<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6621\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">The Impact of Social Distancing on\u00a0COVID19\u00a0Spread State of Georgia Case Study<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"43\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Keskinocak\u00a0et al.\u00a0develop\u00a0an agent-based simulation model populated using COVID-19 specific parameters and data from Georgia on agent&#8217;s interactions and demographics. The simulation covered a 6-month period and tested different social distancing scenarios and a combination of shelter-in-place and voluntary quarantine with varying timelines and compliance levels.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The combined intervention<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of shelter-in-place followed by voluntary quarantine both delayed and reduced the peak infection by up to 3 months and by 40%. Regardless of shelter-in-place duration, increasing voluntary quarantine compliance can decrease cumulative infection rate by 50%.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Keskinocak\u00a0et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 3<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">,<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). The Impact of Social Distancing on\u00a0COVID19\u00a0Spread State of Georgia Case Study<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Pre-print\u00a0downloaded\u00a0May\u00a04 from<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.29.20084764\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.29.20084764<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6619\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">CovidCounties\u00a0&#8211; an Interactive Real-Time Tracker of the COVID-19 Pandemic at the Level of US Counties<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Arneson<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0et al. report on the development of CovidCounties.org, an interactive web-based application that depicts daily disease trends at the US county level. Accompanying the application is a manually curated data set of all major public policy actions at the state level. Data for the website was primarily derived from The New York Times, the US Census, and Kaiser Health News. Manually curated data\u00a0were\u00a0obtained from the websites of multiple state departments of health.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">D<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ata and tools incorporated into\u00a0CovidCounties\u00a0support the effectiveness of social\u00a0distancing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The c<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ode for\u00a0CovidCounties\u00a0is\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">available<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0open source<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, u<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nlike other\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0dashboards<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Arneson et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 2,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020).\u00a0CovidCounties\u00a0&#8211; an Interactive Real-Time Tracker of the COVID-19 Pandemic at the Level of US Counties. Pre<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">&#8211;<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">print\u00a0downloaded\u00a0May\u00a04 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20083279\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20083279<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:240}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Public Health Policy and Practice<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6623\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Nonpharmaceutical Interventions for Pandemic COVID-19 A Cross-Sectional Investigation of US General Public Beliefs Attitudes and Actions<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"39\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Kantor and Kantor perform<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0a national\u00a0cross sectional\u00a0survey (N=1005) of the general US population on beliefs, attitudes, and actions regarding\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">non-pharmaceutical interventions (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">NPIs<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. While 37% felt that NPIs were inconvenient,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0only 0.9% believed that NPI<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s would not reduce their personal risk of illness.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">NPI adherence was associated with belief that NPI would reduce personal risk of illness (OR 3.06) and belief that they were not difficult to perform (OR 1.79).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Results show a higher degree of compliance\u00a0to\u00a0straightforward NPI recommendations, such as handwashing, compared with more onerous approaches such as mask<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ing\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and disinfecting surfaces.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kantor and Kantor. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 1,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). Nonpharmaceutical Interventions for Pandemic COVID-19 A Cross-Sectional Investigation of US General Public Beliefs Attitudes and Actions. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded\u00a0May\u00a04 from<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.26.20078618\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.26.20078618<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><strong>Other Resources and Commentaries<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/risa.13500\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Consideration of the Aerosol Transmission for COVID-19 and Public Health<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Risk Analysis (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">May\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">3)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/medrxiv.org\/cgi\/content\/short\/2020.04.26.20080341\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">How the COVID-19 pandemic is favoring the adoption of digital technologies in healthcare a rapid literature review<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pre-print (May<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a04)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jama\/fullarticle\/2765668\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Business of Medicine in the Era of COVID-19<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 JAMA (May 1)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s13181-020-00777-5\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">COVID-19: Therapeutics and Their Toxicities<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Journal\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">o<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">f Medical\u00a0Toxology<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(May 3)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Repeated universal testing (for instance, via mailed home testing kits) with isolation of infectious individuals can reduce transmission sufficiently to halt the epidemic, even with a false negative test rate of up to 15% <\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/05\/04\/nonpharmaceutical-interventions-for-pandemic-covid-19-a-cross-sectional-investigation-of-us-general-public-beliefs-attitudes-and-actions\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-6598","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-literature-situation-report"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6598","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6598"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6598\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6627,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6598\/revisions\/6627"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6626"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6598"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6598"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6598"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=6598"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}