{"id":6628,"date":"2020-05-05T14:59:19","date_gmt":"2020-05-05T21:59:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/?p=6628"},"modified":"2021-03-16T15:19:41","modified_gmt":"2021-03-16T22:19:41","slug":"covid-19-literature-situation-report-may-5-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/05\/05\/covid-19-literature-situation-report-may-5-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Literature Situation Report May 5, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The scientific literature on COVID-19 is rapidly evolving and these articles were selected for review based on their relevance to Washington State decision making around COVID-19 response efforts. Included in these Lit Reps are some manuscripts that have been made available online as pre-prints but have not yet undergone peer review. Please be aware of this when reviewing articles included in the Lit Reps.<\/p>\n<h2>Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Modeling studies that examined national and local (King County) COVID-19 epidemics found\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">hat r<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">elaxation of social distancing strategies\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">prior to<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0June 2020<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">could\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">trigg<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">er<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0a second wave of infections.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Modeling suggests that\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">use of face<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">masks in public<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(even low-efficacy cloth masks) can significantly reduce COVID-19 cases, and that use of face<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">masks with efficacy \u2265 70% (e.g. surgical masks) could lead to the elimination of the pandemic if at least 80% of the U.S. residents use\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">them<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0consistently<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0while in public<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ethanol can be used to sanitize FFP2 masks, and\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">u<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ltraviolet<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">-C light and\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">aerosolized\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">peracetic<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0acid and hydrogen peroxide<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0can reduce contamination on N95 respirator masks.\u00a0<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Temperature and humidity were both\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">inversely associated with<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0daily new cases and deaths in an analysis of 166 countries, suggesting that the COVID-19 pandemic may be partially suppressed\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">temperature and humidity increases.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<h3>Article Summaries<\/h3>\n<div class=\"js-accordion\" data-accordion-prefix-classes=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6633\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">A Simple Model to Show the Relative Risk of Viral Aerosol Infection and the Benefit of Wearing Masks in Different Settings with Implications for Covid-19<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Using parameters derived from literature,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Barr describes a model to estimate<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0the relative risk of aerosol from normal breathing in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a variety of settings<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. The model indicates a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0multiplicative benefit\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of using<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> cloth masks by both infected and\u00a0 <\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">uninfected<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0individuals<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">three\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">settings<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(car, s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">mall non-ventilated room,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">larger ventilated space)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The model found that social\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">distancing at 2 met<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">r<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0is effective but its benefit is\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">time limited<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in confined areas.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">U<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">se of masks\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">by both infected and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">uninfected<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0individuals<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in the absence of extremely good ventilation\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">effective<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Barr. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 5,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). A Simple Model to Show the Relative Risk of Viral Aerosol Infection and the Benefit of Wearing Masks in Different Settings with Implications for Covid-19.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Preprint downloaded May 5 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Medrxiv<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20082990\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20082990<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6631\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Effectiveness of Ultraviolet-C Light and a High-Level Disinfection Cabinet for Decontamination of N95 Respirators<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Cadnum<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0et al. compared three decontamination methods for use on N95 respirator masks (n=3). A high-level disinfection cabinet that generates aerosolized\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">peracetic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0acid and hydrogen peroxide achieved disinfection with a 31-minute cycle. Ultraviolet-C light reduced contamination but did not meet pre-defined criteria for decontamination of the viruses (6 log<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">10<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0reductions). Dry heat at 70<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00b0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0C for 30 minutes was not effective for decontamination.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Cadnum<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0et al. (May 2, 2020). Effectiveness of Ultraviolet-C Light and a High-Level Disinfection Cabinet for Decontamination of N95 Respirators. Pathogens &amp; Immunity.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20411\/pai.v5i1.372\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20411\/pai.v5i1.372<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6629\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Effect of Ethanol Cleaning on the Permeability of FFP2 Mask<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The effect of ethanol on the filtering properties of FFP2 masks was tested<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0The filtering properties of a mask are related to the size and tortuosity of the pores of the filter<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and are quantified by its\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">permeability; damage<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0to the filter will change its permeability.\u00a0 After six cleaning cycles, the permeability remains very close to the permeability before cleaning<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0suggesting\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that ethanol could be used to sanitize a FFP2 mask without significantly altering its filtering properties.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Lenormand<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 5<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">a<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). Effect of Ethanol Cleaning on the Permeability of FFP2 Mask.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Preprint downloaded May 5 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Medrxiv<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20083840\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20083840<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Transmission<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6637\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Daily New Cases and New Deaths of COVID-19 in 166 Countries<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Wu et al<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0apply a statistical model to investigate\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">temperature and relative humidity\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as predictors of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">new\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cases and deaths\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0166 countries (excluding China)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">through<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0March 27, 2020<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">y<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0control for<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0wind speed, median age of the national population, Global Health Security Index, Human Development Index<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and population density<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0as potential confounders<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Temperature and relative humidity were both\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">inversely\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">associated with<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">new cases and deaths. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic may be partially suppressed\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0temperature and humidity\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">increase<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0However, during the study period, settings where temperatures were rising overlapped with settings where epidemics were waning, either naturally or in response to public health measures.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Wu et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Apr<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">il 28,<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a02020). Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Daily New Cases and New Deaths of COVID-19 in 166 Countries. The Science of the Total Environment.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139051\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.139051<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6635\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Coronavirus in Water Environments: Occurrence, Persistence and Concentration Methods &#8211; A Scoping Review<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rosa et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">conduct a literature review and identify\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">12 studies of Coronaviruses (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CoV<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">) in water environments\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">evaluated\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">implications for human health<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Included studies<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0suggest that: 1)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CoV<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0seems to have a low stability in water and is very sensitive to oxidants like chlorine; 2)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CoV<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0appears to be inactivated significantly faster in water than non-enveloped human enteric viruses with known waterborne transmission; 3) temperature is an<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">important factor influencing viral survival (the titer of infectious virus declines more rapidly at 23<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00b0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">C\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">or\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">25<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00b0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">C than at 4<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00b0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0C); 4) there is no current evidence that human coronaviruses are present in surface or ground waters or are transmitted through contaminated drinking<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">water; 5) further research is needed to adapt the methods commonly used\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">sampl<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">e<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">concentrate\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">enteric, non<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">enveloped viruses from water environments<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">so that they can be applied\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">to enveloped viruses<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Rosa et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Apr<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">il 28<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Coronavirus in Water Environments: Occurrence, Persistence and Concentration Methods &#8211; A Scoping Review. Water Research.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2020.115899\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2020.115899<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Testing and Treatment<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6639\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Evaluation of a COVID-19 IgM and IgG Rapid Test; an Efficient Tool for Assessment of Past Exposure to SARS-CoV-2<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Hoffman et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">evaluated a commercially available test developed for rapid (&lt;15 minutes) detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies \u2013 the COVID-19 IgG\/IgM Rapid Test Cassette. Among 19 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 cases and 124 negative controls, the authors estimated the assay to have 69% and 93.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">% sensitivity for IgM and IgG, respectively. The assay specificities were 100% and 99.2%, respectively. These study results suggest that this serological test is suitable for assessing previous virus exposure,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">but<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0that negative results may be unreliable during the first weeks after infection due to lower assay sensitivity for IgM antibodies.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Hoffman et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">April 14,<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a02020). Evaluation of a COVID-19 IgM and IgG Rapid Test; an Efficient Tool for Assessment of Past Exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Infection Ecology &amp; Epidemiology.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008686.2020.1754538\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008686.2020.1754538<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6643\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Clinical Features of Pediatric Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19)<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This retrospective analysis of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19 (n=16, age 11 months to 14 years) found that\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">no<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0children experienced\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">severe<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0illness. Most cases (12\/16) were\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">exposure to a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">family\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">member with COVID-19<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Among asymptomatic children (8\/16), the median time from exposure via family member to first positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test (NAT) result was 15.5 days (range, 10\u201326 days; the median time to first negative NAT result was 5.5 days (range, 1\u201323 days).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Song et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Apr<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">il\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">16<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Clinical Features of Pediatric Patients with Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Journal of Clinical Virology.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104377\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104377<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6641\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Analysis of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Mount Sinai Health System Using Electronic Medical Records (EMR) Reveals Important Prognostic Factors for Improved Clinical Outcomes<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">An analysis of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">3,272 persons with<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">who\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">requir<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0hospitalization<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0at Mount Sinai Health System in New York found\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">age, body-mass index (BMI),\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">baseline\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, white blood cell count, creatinine, and alanine aminotransferase were significant\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">predictors<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of mortality. Asthma was associated with increased length of hospital stay, but not mortality.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Among patients who were tested for SARS-CoV-2, a higher proportion of Hispanic and African American patients tested positive (29% and 25%, respectively) compared to the overall patient population (22%, 6158\/<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">28<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">336).<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0While race was associated with the prevalence of infection among patients, the authors did not observe racial disparities in inpatient mortality.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Wang<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0et al<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 4,\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">2020). Analysis of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in the Mount Sinai Health System Using Electronic Medical Records (EMR) Reveals Important Prognostic Factors for Improved Clinical Outcomes.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Preprint downloaded May 5 from<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Medrxiv<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20075788\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20075788<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Modelling and Prediction<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-6647\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Mathematical Assessment of the Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Curtailing the 2019 Novel Coronavirus<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ngonghala<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0et al. predict that use of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">face<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">masks<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0with efficacy \u2265 70% (e.g. surgical masks) could lead to the elimination of the pandemic if at least 80% of the U.S. residents use such masks in public consistently. The use of lower<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">&#8211;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">efficacy masks (e.g. cloth\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ma<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">sks<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0with &lt;30% efficacy) could still lead to significant reduction of COVID-19 cases<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0but would not lead to elimination. The best model scenarios reduced cases by 64% only if the strict social distancing measures were maintained until the end of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">May or June 2020. This study shows that early termination of the strict social distancing measures could trigger a second wave of COVID-19 cases.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Ngonghala<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">May 1<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Mathematical Assessment of the Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Curtailing the 2019 Novel Coronavirus. Mathematical Biosciences.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mbs.2020.108364\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mbs.2020.108364<\/span><\/i><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-6645\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">COVID-19 Pandemic Response Simulation Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Ending Lockdowns<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">An agent-based simulation (FRED &#8211;<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Framework for Reconstructing Epidemic Dynamics) was used to model the incidence of COVID-19 in King County, WA in a variety of scenarios including case isolation at home, school closure<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and social distancing. While non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) were effective in flattening the curve, any relaxation of social distancing strategies yielded a second wave.\u00a0 Even if daily confirmed cases dropped to one digit, daily incidence can peak again to 874 cases\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in the absence of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">import<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0cases.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Lee. (May 4, 2020). COVID-19 Pandemic Response Simulation Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on Ending Lockdowns.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Preprint downloaded May 5 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Medrxiv<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20080838\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.04.28.20080838<\/span><\/i><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><strong>Other Resources and Commentaries<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31034-5\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">COVID-19 Immunity Passports and Vaccination Certificates: Scientific, Equitable, and Legal Challenges<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 The Lancet (May 4)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa524\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">COVID-19, Superinfections and Antimicrobial Development: What Can We Expect?<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Clinical Infectious Diseases\u202f(May 1)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jrh.12460\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The COVID-19 Pandemic Illuminates Persistent and Emerging Disparities among Rural Black Populations<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 The Journal of Rural Health\u202f(May 3)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101704\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mobile phones represent a pathway for microbial transmission: A scoping review<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease (April 24)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.04.040\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Putting Some Context to the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Aerosolization<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0Debate around SARS-CoV-2<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 The Journal of Hospital Infection (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Apr<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">il<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a024)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/20008686.2020.1751917\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Do the Current Cases Reported to the WHO Provide a Realistic Incidence Rate of Countries Infected with COVID-19?<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Infection Ecology &amp; Epidemiology (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Apr<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">il<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a010<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.04.032\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Comparative\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Seasonalities<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0of Influenza A, B and \u201ccommon Cold\u201d Coronaviruses &#8211; Setting the Scene for SARSCoV-2 Infections and Possible Unexpected Host Immune Interactions<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 The Journal of Infection (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Apr<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">il<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a022)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Modeling studies that examined national and local (King County) COVID-19 epidemics found that relaxation of social distancing strategies prior to June 2020 could trigger a second wave of infections.  <\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/05\/05\/covid-19-pandemic-response-simulation-impact-of-non-pharmaceutical-interventions-on-ending-lockdowns\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":337,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-6628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-literature-situation-report"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6628"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6628\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6650,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6628\/revisions\/6650"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/337"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6628"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=6628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}