{"id":7120,"date":"2020-05-27T17:03:40","date_gmt":"2020-05-28T00:03:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/?p=7120"},"modified":"2021-03-19T17:33:56","modified_gmt":"2021-03-20T00:33:56","slug":"covid-19-literature-situation-report-may-27-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/05\/27\/covid-19-literature-situation-report-may-27-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Literature Situation Report May 27, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The scientific literature on COVID-19 is rapidly evolving and these articles were selected for review based on their relevance to Washington State decision making around COVID-19 response efforts. Included in these Lit Reps are some manuscripts that have been made available online as pre-prints but have not yet undergone peer review. Please be aware of this when reviewing articles included in the Lit Reps.<\/p>\n<h2>Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Salivary antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 mirror serum\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">antibody responses, indicating that oral antibody testing could<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">be\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a non-invasive alternative to serological testing\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to enable\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">widespread monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the population.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">An a<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">gent<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">-based model<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">produced by the Institute for Disease Modeling (IDM)\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">predicts a<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0robust program of testing, household quarantine, and contact tracing will be required to balance the increase in disease transmission associated with relaxing physical distancing in King County, WA<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">American<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in states with\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">facemask<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0mandates<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0spend less time at home and\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">make an\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">increase<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d number of<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0visits to commercial locations<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0after their state<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2019s mandate takes effect<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">impact<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of this increased\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">mobility<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0on transmission will depend on the effectiveness of masks to prevent transmission and the impact that mask wearing has on behaviors associated with transmission<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Online COVID-19 symptom checkers and chatbots are being widely used in response to the pandemic. However, online symptom checkers vary widely in their predictive capabilities, suggesting th<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">at<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0quality assessment of these tools is\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">needed prior to implementation.<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<h3>Article Summaries<\/h3>\n<div class=\"js-accordion\" data-accordion-prefix-classes=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7126\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Do Face Masks Create a False Sense of Security A COVID-19 Dilemma<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Yan et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">use\u00a0SafeGraph\u00a0smart device location data\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">show that the representative American\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in states\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that have facemask<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0mandates<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">spen<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a020-30 minutes less time at home and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0makes an i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ncrease<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">number of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">visits to commercial locations following the mandate.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The authors\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">suggest<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0that this is due to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0substitution behavior\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and could lead to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0a resurgence of cases.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Yan et al. (May 2<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">7<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Do Face Masks Create a False Sense of Security A COVID-19 Dilemma. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.23.20111302\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.23.20111302<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7124\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Are We #stayinghome to Flatten the\u00a0Curve<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Statewide stay-at-home policies induced &#8220;mandate effects&#8221; of 4.1%-5.9% declines<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in travel and visits to non-essential businesses<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0relative to pre-COVID-19 levels for the first four states to introduce such policies (CA, IL, NJ, NY).\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">By the time of statewide stay-at-home mandates<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in many states<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, residents had already reduced travel by considerable amounts relative to pre-COVID-19 levels.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A 1% reduction in visits to non-essential businesses<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">is associated with 9.2 fewer deaths per 100 million per day<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. This\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">correspond<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">74,000 lives saved nationwide and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">an\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">economic benefit<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">$249-$745 billion<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0from deaths averted<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">by<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">observed behavioral changes in March and April.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Sears et al. (May 2<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">6<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Are We #stayinghome to Flatten the\u00a0Curve.\u00a0Pre-print downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.23.20111211\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.23.20111211<\/span><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7122\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Modeling Countermeasures for a Balanced Reopening in King County, Washington<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Rosenfeld et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">use<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0a new\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">model (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Covasim<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0to simulate\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">population-level\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SARS-CoV-2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0transmission expected with reopening and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0the extent<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to which\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">measures<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">including<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0test<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, trac<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and quarantine\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">can prevent\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">exponential growth\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in King County, WA.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Distancing and other measures have reduce<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">d<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0the transmission potential of COVID-19 on April 25<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">th<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0to 33% (30-37%) of early-pandemic levels. Increased testing, contact tracing to home and work, and better compliance with household quarantine beginning on May 26<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">th<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0could counterbalance a two-fold increase in work\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">community transmission from the level estimated on April 25th.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Rosenfeld et al. (May 25, 2020).\u00a0<\/span><\/i><em>Modeling Countermeasures for a Balanced Reopening in King County, Washington. IDM.\u00a0Report downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/covid.idmod.org\/data\/Modeling_countermeasures_for_balanced_reopening_King_County_Washington.pdf\">https:\/\/covid.idmod.org\/data\/Modeling_countermeasures_for_balanced_reopening_King_County_Washington.pdf<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Transmission<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7132\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Clinical Utility of SARS-CoV-2 Whole Genome Sequencing in Deciphering Source of Infection<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Takenouchi\u00a0et al used whole viral genome sequencing to determine that\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">9\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19 patients<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">at a tertiary medical center\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">had\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">probable\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">community infection instead of being\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">associated with infection clusters at the medical center.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Takenouchi\u00a0et al. (May 26, 2020). Clinical Utility of SARS-CoV-2 Whole Genome Sequencing in Deciphering Source of Infection. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.21.20107599\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.21.20107599<\/span><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7130\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Correlation between viral RNA shedding and serum antibodies in COVID-19 patients<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Jin\u00a0et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">found that among\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SARS-CoV-2 infection\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">cases<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(n=89),\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">erum IgM was significantly higher\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">among<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">those\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">with\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">prolonged viral RNA shedding (&gt;30 days)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">at week<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a04 and 5 after symptom onset,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">IgM levels were\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">similar between\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">prolong<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and non-prolonged shedders\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">from week<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a06 to\u00a08, and\u00a0declined almost to the reference level in both groups at week 8.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Serum IgM<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0persisted at\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a high level during the acute\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">illness\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">up to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">8\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">week<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s after\u00a0symptom\u00a0onset<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Jin\u00a0et al. (May 18, 2020). Correlation between viral RNA shedding and serum antibodies in COVID-19 patients. Clinical Microbiology and Infection.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.05.022\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.05.022<\/span><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7128\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detected in Blood Samples from Patients with COVID-19 Is Not Associated with Infectious Virus<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SARS-CoV-2 RNA<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0was detectable<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in blood samples<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0at low viral loads\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">up to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">20\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">day<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">after\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">symptom onset<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">27<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">212 (12.7%)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19 cases. However, there was no evidence of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">infectious SARS-CoV-2\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">based on\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">inoculating PCR-positive sera into cell culture.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Andersson et al. (May 26, 2020). SARS-CoV-2 RNA Detected in Blood Samples from Patients with COVID-19 Is Not Associated with Infectious Virus. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.21.20105486\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.21.20105486<\/span><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Testing and Treatment<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7138\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Efficacy of\u00a0therapeutic plasma exchange\u00a0in\u00a0severe COVID-19 patients<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Zhang et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">report the efficacy of therapeutic plasma exchange\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(TPE)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">three\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">severe COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0China.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Approximately 10 days\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">after TPE, all three patients had met discharge criteria<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The results suggested TPE\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">might be a possible\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">strategy to attenuate circulating cytokines and inflammatory mediators<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Zhang et al. (May 26, 2020).\u00a0Efficacy of\u00a0therapeutic plasma exchange\u00a0in\u00a0severe COVID-19 patients. British\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">J<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">ournal of\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">H<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">aematology.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.16890\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjh.16890<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7136\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">COVID-19 Serology at Population Scale SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody Responses in Saliva<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Randad\u00a0et al.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0evaluated the correlation of results obtained in 167 saliva samples vs. 324 serum samples and found that SARS-CoV-2 appears to trigger a humoral immune response resulting in the almost simultaneous rise of IgG, IgM and IgA levels in serum and in saliva, consistent with the stimulation of existing cross-reactive B cells.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing in saliva\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">may<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">play\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">role in large-scale\u00a0sero-surveillance for COVID-19.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Randad\u00a0et al. (May 26, 2020). COVID-19 Serology at Population Scale SARS-CoV-2-Specific Antibody Responses in Saliva. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.24.20112300\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.24.20112300<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7134\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Sample Pooling as a Strategy of SARS-COV-2 Nucleic Acid Screening Increases the False-Negative Rate<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Gan et al. diluted three SARS-CoV-2 positive samples (2 with high viral load<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a01 with low viral load) with 8<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">094<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0negative samples or\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">double distilled water\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to form RNA pools.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SARS-CoV-2 was detected in pools from\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">high viral load samples up to 1\/1000 dilution, while\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the low viral load sample<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">could only be observed at a low dilution ratio<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Based on these findings,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">pooling\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">samples for\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">surveillance may lead to false negatives<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0for samples with low viral load<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Gan et al. (May 26, 2020). Sample Pooling as a Strategy of SARS-COV-2 Nucleic Acid Screening Increases the False-Negative Rate. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.18.20106138\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.18.20106138<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Clinical Characteristics and Health Care Setting<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7140\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Cancer and Risk of COVID-19 through a General Community Survey<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lee et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">evaluated the effect of cancer-related treatments on the risk for COVID-19 among &gt;1.8 million patients living with cancer\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">UK,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">US and Sweden.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">They found that individuals with cancer had a significantly increased risk (aOR\u00a01.62, 95%CI 1.37-1.91) of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0compared to the general community. Those treated with chemotherapy or immunotherapy were particularly at<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">risk<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(aOR<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">: 2.42; 95%CI: 1.81-3.25)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Lee et al. (May 26, 2020). Cancer and Risk of COVID-19 through a General Community Survey. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.20.20103762\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.20.20103762<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Modeling and Prediction<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7144\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Bayesian Network Analysis of Covid-19 Data Reveals Higher Infection Prevalence Rates and Lower Fatality Rates than Widely Reported<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"36\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Neil et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">use a Bayesian technique called &#8220;virtual evidence&#8221; to test the sensitivity of the infection fatality rate (IFR) to two significant sources of uncertainty: survey quality and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">-19 death counts.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This approach estimates an IFR that is\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">higher than widely reported<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0values<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. For Santa Clara<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">CA<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and Chelsea<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">MA<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, the most likely IFR values are 0.3-0.4%.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Neil et al. (May 26, 2020). Bayesian Network Analysis of Covid-19 Data Reveals Higher Infection Prevalence Rates and Lower Fatality Rates than Widely Reported. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.25.20112466\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.25.20112466<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7142\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Inferring the Effective Start Dates of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions during COVID-19 Outbreaks<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Kohanovski\u00a0et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">applied an SEIR\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">model\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">to<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0infer the effective start dates of non-pharmaceutical interventions and found that they often differ from the official dates<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">They hypothesize that l<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ate effect<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0may be due to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">low compliance or prolonged<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0time to adopt<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">organize<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0for a lockdown<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Early effect<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0m<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ay<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0be due to early adoption of social\u00a0distancing\u00a0and similar\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">behavioral<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0adaptations<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">These results highlight the complex interaction between personal, regional, and global determinants of behavioral response to an epidemic.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kohanovski\u00a0et al. (May 2<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">6<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Inferring the Effective Start Dates of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions during COVID-19 Outbreaks. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.24.20092817\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.24.20092817<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW58614209 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW58614209 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">Public Health Policy and Practice<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7148\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">A Benchmark of Online COVID-19 Symptom Checkers<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">pre-print, not peer reviewed<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Online COVID-19 symptom checkers and chatbots are being widely used in response to the global pandemic.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Munsch et al. evaluated 10\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">online COVID-19 symptom checkers\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">using<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0COVID-19 case reports and found them to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">vary widely in their predictive capabilities, suggesting\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">th<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">at<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">quality assessment of these tools is\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">necessary before they are implemented<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Munsch et al. (May 26, 2020). A Benchmark of Online COVID-19 Symptom Checkers. Pre-print\u00a0downloaded May 27 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.22.20109777\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.22.20109777<\/span><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7146\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Association of Stay-at-Home Orders With COVID-19 Hospitalizations in 4 States<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">I<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">n 4 states with stay-at-home orders<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(CO<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">MN<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">OH<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">VA)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, cumulative hospitalizations for COVID-19 deviated from projected exponential growth rates after these orders became effective. The deviation started 2 to 4 days sooner than the median effective<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">date<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">each state\u2019s order and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">may reflect the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">use of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a median incubation period for symptom<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">onset and time\u00a0to\u00a0hospitalization to establish this date. Factors that potentially<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">decreased<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">hospitalization include school closures, social\u00a0distancing\u00a0guidelines, and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">general<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">pandemic<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">awareness.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Sen et al. (May 27, 2020). Association of Stay-at-Home Orders With COVID-19 Hospitalizations in 4 States. JAMA.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.9176\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.9176<\/span><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><strong>Other Resources and Commentaries<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.13117\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Deaths Reveal Harsh Truths About Structural Inequality in America<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0&#8211;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Journal of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">I<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nternal\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">M<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">edicine (May 25)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003518\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Vulnerable Immigrant Populations in the New York Metropolitan Area and COVID-19: Lessons Learned in the Epicenter of the Crisis<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u2013<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Academic Medicine (May 22)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.8904\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Patients Admitted for Childbirth in Southern Connecticut<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\n<span data-contrast=\"auto\">JAMA (May 26)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.7310\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Emerging Lessons From COVID-19 Response in New York City<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 JAMA (May 26)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104451\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Children are protected against SARS-CoV-2 infection<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Journal of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">C<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">linical\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">V<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">irology (May\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">15)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-2380-z\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Human neutralizing antibodies elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Nature (May<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a026)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0194599820931793\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Inappropriate Nasopharyngeal Sampling for SARS-CoV-2 Detection Is a Relevant Cause of False-Negative Reports<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(May 13)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMc2015132\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">More on Neurologic Features in Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 NEJM (May\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">26)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-2381-y\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">A human neutralizing antibody targets the receptor binding site of SARS-CoV-2<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Nature (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">May 26)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.6793\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">No Benefit for Lopinavir-Ritonavir in Severe COVID-19<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 JAMA (May<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a026)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104441\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Investigating the genomic landscape of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) to identify non-synonymous mutations for use in diagnosis and drug design<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Journal of Clinical Virology (May 1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">5<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.8917\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Adverse Consequences of Rushing a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine: Implications for Public Trust<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\n<span data-contrast=\"auto\">JAMA (May 26)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.22.20102525\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Study on the expression levels of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 at different period of disease and its related factors in 192 cases of COVID-19 patients<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Preprint (May 26)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Salivary antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 mirror serum antibody responses, indicating that oral antibody testing could be a non-invasive alternative to serological testing to enable widespread monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 infection throughout the population. <\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/05\/27\/association-of-stay-at-home-orders-with-covid-19-hospitalizations-in-4-states\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":7150,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-7120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-literature-situation-report"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7120","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7120"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7151,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7120\/revisions\/7151"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7150"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7120"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=7120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}