{"id":7939,"date":"2020-07-06T20:09:10","date_gmt":"2020-07-07T03:09:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/?p=7939"},"modified":"2021-03-29T20:23:42","modified_gmt":"2021-03-30T03:23:42","slug":"covid-19-literature-situation-report-july-6-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/07\/06\/covid-19-literature-situation-report-july-6-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"COVID-19 Literature Situation Report July 6, 2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The scientific literature on COVID-19 is rapidly evolving and these articles were selected for review based on their relevance to Washington State decision making around COVID-19 response efforts. Included in these Lit Reps are some manuscripts that have been made available online as pre-prints but have not yet undergone peer review. Please be aware of this when reviewing articles included in the Lit Reps.<\/p>\n<h2>Key Takeaways<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0meta-analysis\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a010 studies<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">9,890 subjects<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0found no significant association between\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">using ACE inhibitors or\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">angiotensin receptor blockers<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the risk of severe or lethal COVID-19.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/heartjnl-2020-317336\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">More<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0meta-analysis<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">bias assessment\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">serological tests for COVID-19\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reported a low pooled sensitivity of lateral flow immunoassays<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">66%<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and a pooled specificity of 97%<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">which could limit the application of this approach as\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">point-of-care method<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m2516\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">More<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ggregated cell phone data showed\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">decreased\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">mobility patterns relative to\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">t<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">he periods<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0before COVID-19\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">among<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">25 counties in the US<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and a\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">high correlation between decreased mobility and reduced\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">COVID-19\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">case growth rates<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30553-3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">More<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0d8\" data-font=\"Wingdings\" data-listid=\"1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Approximately two-thirds of the 938 residents and staff\u00a0<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">tes<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ted<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0for SARS-CoV-2<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0at 9 long-term care facilities<\/span><\/b><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0in California tested positive.<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2610.202694\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">More<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<h3>Article Summaries<\/h3>\n<div class=\"js-accordion\" data-accordion-prefix-classes=\"uw-accordion-shortcode\">\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW243650001 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW243650001 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7943\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">How to Safely Reopen Colleges and Universities During COVID-19: Experiences\u00a0From\u00a0Taiwan<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"43\" data-aria-posinset=\"2020\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Measures used\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Taiwan to successfully control the spread SARS-CoV-2 in colleges and universit<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ies<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0could inform such re-openings elsewhere. The\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Ministry of Education in Taiwan established general guidelines for college campuses<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0that include\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">creation of a task<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0force at each university,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">school-based risk screening based on travel history, occ<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">upation, contacts, and clusters,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">self-management of health and quarantine<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">general hygiene measures (i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ncluding w<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">earing masks indoors),<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0principles on ventilation and sanitization<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0regulations on school assemblies<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a process for reporting suspected cases<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and policies on school closing and make-up classes.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:360,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Cheng et al. (July 2020). How to Safely Reopen Colleges and Universities During COVID-19: Experiences\u00a0From\u00a0Taiwan. Annals of Internal Medicine.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M20-2927\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M20-2927<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7941\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Association between Mobility Patterns and COVID-19 Transmission in the USA: A Mathematical Modelling Study<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Across<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">25\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">US\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">counties\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">with hi<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">gh COVID-19 case numbers<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">from January 1 to April 20, 2020, a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ggregated cell phone data\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was used to\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">define<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0a mobility ratio (MR)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">as\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the change in the number of individual trips made per day, relative to ordinary\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">behavioral<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0patterns before COVID-19<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0MR va<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ried\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">from 0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">35 in New York City to 0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">63 in Harris County, TX<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. There was a\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">high correlation (&gt;0.7) between decreased mobility and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reduced case growth<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0rates in 20<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">25 counties.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Badr et al. (July 1, 2020). Association between Mobility Patterns and COVID-19 Transmission in the USA: A Mathematical Modelling Study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30553-3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30553-3<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW70641427 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW70641427 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">Transmission<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7947\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">The Role of Children in Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Rapid Review<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Li et al. conducted a rapid review of 16 studies investigating the role of children in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Two\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">studies<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">reported transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from infected children (1 with a 3-month-old whose parents developed symptomatic COVID-19 seven days after caring for the infant; 1 with two children who may have contracted COVID-19 from the initial cases at a school in New South Wales).\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Six\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">studies presented indirect evidence\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the potential for SARS-CoV-2 transmission by children, 3 of which found prolonged virus shedding in stool.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Two\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">studies reported outbreaks of COVID-19 in school settings<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. O<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ne\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">study was a<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0case report of a child attending classes\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that did not result in\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">infecting any other pupils or staff.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The authors conclude that\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">evidence is limited<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">urther seroprevalence studies are needed to establish whether children are less frequently infected or\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">less\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">infect<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">i<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ous<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0than adults.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Li et al. (June 29, 2020). The Role of Children in Transmission of SARS-CoV-2: A Rapid Review. Journal of Global Health.<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7189\/jogh.10.011101\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7189\/jogh.10.011101<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7945\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Retrospective Screening for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in California, USA, Late 2019<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Hogan et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">retrospectively tested 1,700\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">nasopharyngeal swab samples\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">from persons with respiratory signs\/symptoms seen at Stanford Health Care, Palo Alto, California, USA, during\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">October 31, 2019\u2013December 31, 2019<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">They found n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">o evidence\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">that<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SARS-CoV-2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">infections occurred earlier than\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">previously recognized.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Hogan et al. (July 3, 2020). Retrospective Screening for SARS-CoV-2 RNA in California, USA, Late 2019. Emerging Infectious Diseases.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2610.202296\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2610.202296<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Testing and Treatment<\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7951\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Diagnostic Accuracy of Serological Tests for Covid-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The diagnostic accuracy of serological tests for\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">SARS-CoV-2 antibodies<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0was reviewed by\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Lisboa Bastos et al.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">based on<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">40 studies<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">49 bias assessments.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">They found\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">h<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">igh risk of patient selection bias in 98% (48\/49) of assessments and high or unclear risk of bias\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">regarding\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">performance or interpretation of the serological test in 73% (36\/49).\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The pooled sensitivity of ELISAs was 84.3% (95%CI 75.6-90.9%), of lateral flow immunoassays<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was 66.0% (49.3-79.3%), and of chemiluminescent immunoassays<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was 97.8% (46.2-100%). Sensitivity was higher at least three weeks after symptom onset (range 69.9-98.9%) compared with within the first week (range 13.4-50.3%). Among\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">lateral flow assays<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, pooled sensitivity of commercial kits (65.0%, 49.0-78.2%) was lower than that of non-commercial tests (88.2%, 83.6-91.3%).<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Pooled specificities ranged from 96.6% to 99.7%<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, with a pooled specificity for lateral flow tests of 96.6-97.6%<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The authors\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">raised concerns about\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">further<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0use of existing point-of-care serological tests<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0based on<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0their limited sensitivity<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Lisboa Bastos et al. (July 1, 2020). Diagnostic Accuracy of Serological Tests for Covid-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.).\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m2516\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m2516<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7949\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Treatment with ACE Inhibitors or ARBs and Risk of Severe\/Lethal COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Flacco et al.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0conducted a meta-analysis\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">10 studies including 9,890<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">subjects<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0to estimate the association between hypertensive medication and COVID-19 outcomes. Results showed that<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0compared to untreated subjects, treatment with ACE inhibitors or\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">was not associated with the risk of severe or lethal COVID-19 (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">OR<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">=<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0.90, 95%CI 0.65-1.26 for ACE inhibitors;\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">OR<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">=<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0.92, 95%CI 0.75-1.12 for ARBs). Treatment with both drugs was not associated with risk of death<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0from COVID-19<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">OR<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">=<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">0.88, 95%CI 0.68-1.14).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The authors<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0recommend\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">continu<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ation of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0ARBs or ACE inhibitors for all patients, unless otherwise advised by their physicians.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Flacco et al. (July 1, 2020). Treatment with ACE Inhibitors or ARBs and Risk of Severe\/Lethal COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis. Heart.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/heartjnl-2020-317336\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/heartjnl-2020-317336<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW22351167 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW22351167 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">Clinical Characteristics<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW22351167 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW22351167 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\"> and Health Care Setting<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7953\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">High Proportion of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in 9 Long-Term Care Facilities, Pasadena, California, USA, April 2020<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was identified in long-term care facilities in Pasadena, California.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Among 938<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">persons (356 staff and 582 residents) tested for SARS-CoV-2 using\u00a0rRT-PCR<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">at 9 long-term care facilities, 631 were positive (overall: 67%; staff:\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">6<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">3<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">%; residents: 70%<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">). Staff involved with direct patient care had\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">higher rate of infection than\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">staff who were<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0not (6<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">9<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">%,150\/219 vs. 48%, 25\/52). Among 631 who tested positive, 257 were asymptomatic (overall 4<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">%; staff: 2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">5<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">%; residents:\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">50<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">%). Female residents had a higher rate of asymptomatic infection than male residents (51%, 121\/237 vs. 47%, 81\/171).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Feaster and Goh. (July 2, 2020). High Proportion of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections in 9 Long-Term Care Facilities, Pasadena, California, USA, April 2020. Emerging Infectious Diseases.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2610.202694\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid2610.202694<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW82890009 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW82890009 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">Mode<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXW82890009 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW82890009 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">ling and Prediction<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7957\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Modeling, State Estimation, and Optimal Control for the US COVID-19 Outbreak<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tsay et al<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">. reported a novel<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0optimization-based decision-making framework for managing the COVID-19 outbreak in the US. This includes modeling the dynamics of affected populations, estimating the model parameters and hidden states from data, and an optimal control strategy for sequencing social distancing and testing events such that the number of infections is minimized.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Results show that social distancing and quarantining are most effective when implemented early, with quarantining of confirmed infected subjects having a much higher impact. The &#8220;on-off&#8221; policies alternating between strict social distancing and relaxing such restrictions can be effective at &#8220;flattening&#8221; the curve while likely minimizing social and economic cost.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Tsay et al. (<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">July<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a01, 2020). Modeling, State Estimation, and Optimal Control for the US COVID-19 Outbreak. Scientific Reports.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-67459-8\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-67459-8<\/span><\/a><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7955\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Chopping the Tail:\u00a0How Preventing Superspreading Can Help to Maintain COVID-19 Control<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[Preprint, not peer-reviewed]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">An SEIR model for the COVID-19 epidemic that incorporates time-varying impacts of non-pharmaceutical interventions in Los Angeles and Santa Clara County, Seattle, Miami, and Atlanta\u00a0show<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0that\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">the\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">f<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">irst-wave interventions\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">in mid-March, 2020<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">of<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0eliminat<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ing<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0large social gatherings<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">,\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">mandated mask-wearing\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">and\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">physical distancing have affected the heterogeneity in transmission rates by eliminating high-risk events.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kain et al. (July 3, 2020). Chopping the Tail<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0How Preventing Superspreading Can Help to Maintain COVID-19 Control.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Pre-print downloaded<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0July 6 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.06.30.20143115\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.06.30.20143115<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"js-accordion__panel\" >\n<h2 class=\"js-accordion__header\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXW256833614 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW256833614 BCX0\" data-ccp-parastyle=\"heading 2\">Public Health Policy and Practice<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"su-posts su-posts-default-loop\">\n<div id=\"su-post-7961\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Kansans in the Middle of the Pandemic: Risk Perception, Knowledge, Compliance with Preventive Measures, and Primary Sources of Information about COVID-19<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Geana<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0conducted an online survey among\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">131<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0Kansans\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">during<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0the COVID-19 pandemic and found that participants had good knowledge about the disease and preventive measures and were willing to comply with recommendations from local authorities. The author also report<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">ed<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0that<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0localized information sources that cater to the community are\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">a\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">primary<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0source of information<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, while social media is not a valuable source for information pertinent to COVID-19.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Geana. (June 2<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">5<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">, 2020). Kansans in the Middle of the Pandemic: Risk Perception, Knowledge, Compliance with Preventive Measures, and Primary Sources of Information about COVID-19. Kansas Journal of Medicine<\/span><\/i><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7324058\/\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/www.ncbi.<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">s<\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7324058\/<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"su-post-7959\" class=\"su-post\">\n<h5 class=\"su-post-title\">Firearm Purchasing and Firearm Violence in the First Months of the Coronavirus Pandemic in the United States<\/h5>\n<p>\t\t\t\t<!-- \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"su-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t: \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n --><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-post-excerpt\">\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"34\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">[Preprint, not peer-reviewed]<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Tomsich et al.\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">conducted a cross-sectional time series study to estimate changes in firearm purchasing and relationships with interpersonal firearm violence in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic. They estimate 2.1 million excess firearm purchases between March-May 2020, representing a 64% increase over the expected volume. The estimated relative rate of death and injury from firearm violence was 1.015 (95%CI 1.005-1.025) for every 100 excess purchases per 100,000, adjusting for variation in purchasing across states.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><i><span data-contrast=\"none\">Tomsich et al. (July 4, 2020). Firearm Purchasing and Firearm Violence in the First Months of the Coronavirus Pandemic in the United States. Pre-print downloaded July 6 from\u00a0<\/span><\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.07.02.20145508\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.07.02.20145508<\/span><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- <a href=\"\" class=\"su-post-comments-link\"><\/a> --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3><strong>Other Resources and Commentaries<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa909\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Commentary: Rapid Testing of Healthcare Employees for COVID-19: What Can We Learn from the Seattle Experience?<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Clinical Infectious Diseases (July 4)<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113266\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Prevalence of Mental Health Symptoms in Residential Healthcare Workers in Michigan during the Covid-19 Pandemic<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Psychiatry Research (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">June 30<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.04.031\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Contact Tracing to Manage COVID-19 Spread\u2014Balancing Personal Privacy and Public Health<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Mayo Clinic Proceedings (July\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.113267\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Prevalence and Predictors of General Psychiatric Disorders and Loneliness during COVID-19 in the United Kingdom<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Psychiatry Research (June\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">30<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-020-01891-8\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Mounting Clues Suggest the Coronavirus Might Trigger Diabetes<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Nature (<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">June\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">24)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwaa126\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Racial Capitalism within Public Health: How Occupational Settings Drive COVID-19 Disparities<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 American Journal of Epidemiology (July\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">3<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/s41271-020-00237-y\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Traps of Calling the Public Health Response to COVID-19 \u201can Unexpected War against an Invisible Enemy\u201d<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Journal of Public Health Policy (July 2)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2020.06.016\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Azithromycin and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Where We Are Now and Where We Are Going<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance (July\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">1<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-020-01753-3\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Rethink Economics to Help Marginalized People<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Nature (June\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">10<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m2606\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">The Health of Private Insurance in the US during Covid-19<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 BMJ (July 2)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMp2018846\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Are U.S. Hospitals Still \u201cRecession-Proof\u201d?<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 New England Journal of Medicine (July 1)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/ciaa593\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Importance of Face Masks for COVID-19 &#8211; a Call for Effective Public Education<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Clinical Infectious Diseases (July\u00a0<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">2<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"32\" data-aria-posinset=\"2019\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M20-4752\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">Reopening Colleges and Universities During the COVID-19 Pandemic<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0\u2013 Annals of Internal Medicine (July 2)\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;134233279&quot;:true,&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A meta-analysis of 10 studies (9,890 subjects) found no significant association between using ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers and the risk of severe or lethal COVID-19. <\/p>\n<div><a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/2020\/07\/06\/firearm-purchasing-and-firearm-violence-in-the-first-months-of-the-coronavirus-pandemic-in-the-united-states\/\">Read more<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1174,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-7939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-covid-19-literature-situation-report"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7939"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7939\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7963,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7939\/revisions\/7963"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1174"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7939"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/depts.washington.edu\/pandemicalliance\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=7939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}