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00:08 – [Sahaptin], February. [Sahaptin]. <\/span><\/p>\n00:41 – February 5th [Sahaptin] This is the oral quiz that we had on February the fifth, and I\u2019m going to uh, read what I had written down approximately what we discussed in that class at that time. You were asked to translate to English the following sentences, a contraction of the verb to be in the present tense and future tense, I wrote it on the blackboard and I explained what we call the suffixes and prefixes and I told you that when a sentence starts with [Sahaptin], it usually means that it\u2019s a question. [Sahaptin], \u2018what are you doing\u2019? Now you understood that [Sahaptin] is the person that you\u2019re addressing when you talk to somebody and you ask them a question, they are [Sahaptin], \u2018the second person\u2019. And [Sahaptin] is the verb stem contraction of [Sahaptin], and the suffix is [Sahaptin], which is translated in English into -ing, \u2018doing\u2019. So, uh, the sentence then asks \u2018what are you doing\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What\u2019, [Sahaptin] \u2018you\u2019, [Sahaptin] \u2018do\u2019, [Sahaptin] \u2018doing\u2019? The second sentence we put on the board: [Sahaptin]. It has a [Sahaptin] \u2018before\u2019 [Sahaptin] and at the end of [Sahaptin] is a [Sahaptin] again. So, you were asked to translate that back to me in English and it was, \u2018what are they doing\u2019? So, the [Sahaptin] before a verb is a plural, it\u2019s either dual or plural prefix, you know, a prefix is something that is put before the verb and the suffix is put after a word, so [Sahaptin] is a plural pronoun prefix to the verb, [Sahaptin]. [Sahaptin], \u2018what are they doing\u2019? <\/span><\/p>\n4:55 – Number three, this sentence was written on the board, [Sahaptin], and I explained to you that [Sahaptin] is usually suffixed to [Sahaptin] and, uh, or else you could leave it by itself between the verb and the question, okay? And [Sahaptin] is a continuing inflective that indicates the future, what is going to happen in the future. So, then we have [Sahaptin], and after you thought it all over you were asked to translate it all back to me in English. [Sahaptin], \u2018what shall we do\u2019? <\/span><\/p>\n6:17 – [Sahaptin] is \u2018we\u2019, and your future tense is \u2018what shall do\u2019? Okay, number three I explained to you that \u201cI\u201d prefix before the verb is a first person singular, okay? [Sahaptin], the third person singular is \u2018he\/she\/or it\u2019, remember that? [Sahaptin], so what do you have? In english, \u2018what is he doing\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What is he doing\u2019? He or she doing. If you were looking at an animal for instance, you know, lots of times you look at animals to find out what they\u2019re doing, what kind of action are they performing, like if you went to a zoo and you\u2019re watching a baboon, you wouldn\u2019t say what is he or she doing, you would say \u2018what is it doing\u2019? In Indian, you\u2019d say the same thing as [Sahaptin], but you would be referring to that thing as it because it\u2019s not [Sahaptin], we only call [Sahaptin] he or she. So a baboon would be an it, [Sahaptin] what is it doing? But when you\u2019re talking about a person you say he or she, whatever you\u2019re referring to if it\u2019s a man or a woman or a girl or a boy. Then the next sentence that we talked about on the board, [Sahaptin], [Sahaptin] is a \u201cshort i\u201d \u201csoft K\u201d \u201clong U\u201d \u201csoft K\u201d, [Sahaptin], and that means \u2018today\u2019, or \u2018right now\u2019. [Sahaptin] \u2018what will you do today\u2019? That is the question. Number five was another question that was a long one, and I was very pleased that you folks all remembered what [Sahaptin] was, and I believe that somebody told me what [Sahaptin] meant. [Sahaptin] You all remember that [Sahaptin] is a suffix attached to the verb, it is an adverbial that translates something that you do ordinarily, there must be another way to do it but this is the way we describe it,\u00a0 <\/span>\u2018what we do ordinarily\u2019. [Sahaptin] \u2018what do you do on Sabbath day, Sunday\u2019? Then we continued on, well I\u2019ll say that again, number five. [Sahaptin], the suffix is [Sahaptin], that means on or at. [Sahaptin] at the end of the word, [Sahaptin]. That\u2019s a noun, [Sahaptin] is a noun and there\u2019s a [Sahaptin] at the end that means on, well in this sentence it would be on, [Sahaptin], on Sunday. \u2018What do you do on Sunday, Sabbath day\u2019? Then we went on to continue asking [Sahaptin], remember that? [Sahaptin] \u2018Monday\u2019. [Sahaptin] \u2018On Tuesday\u2019. [Sahaptin] \u2018Wednesday\u2019. [Sahaptin] \u2018Thursday\u2019. [Sahaptin] \u2018Friday\u2019. [Sahaptin] \u2018What do you do on Saturday\u2019? So we went through all of the days of the week up to [Sahaptin], on Sunday, or the other way [Sahaptin] if you\u2019re just referring to a common \u2018Sunday\u2019, let\u2019s go fishing on Sunday! you know you can say that you can say [Sahaptin]. [Sahaptin] Instead of [Sahaptin] you say [Sahaptin]. Just a common day, \u2018Sunday\u2019. But when you\u2019re talking about a ceremonial day or religious day you say [Sahaptin]. Then we went on to talk about this verb [Sahaptin], which means to \u2018say something\u2019. Say [Sahaptin], \u2018what did you say?\u2019 [Sahaptin] \u2018What did they say\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What was she\/he saying\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What are they saying\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What is he or she saying\u2019? [Sahaptin] Remember that word? [Sahaptin], \u2018what\u2019? It\u2019s a short way of saying, you know, \u2018what\u2019s happening\u2019, \u2018what\u2019s the matter\u2019, you could just use it for what? you know a question, what? [Sahaptin] what? You know that to me as a speaker of the language, a lot of times it\u2019s very difficult to translate it into English, so, uh, working with the words the WH words we call, who [Sahaptin], [Sahaptin] what there\u2019s several [Sahaptin] words when [Sahaptin] and where [Sahaptin] and so there we have and those WH words in our language. [Sahaptin] What is this? <\/span><\/p>\n15:54 – That\u2019s fourteen. Thirteen. [Sahaptin], \u2018what is that?\u2019 [Sahaptin] \u2018What day is it\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What do you want\u2019? Then there\u2019s a short version too. [Sahaptin], that\u2019s not very polite but a lot of people use it and it\u2019s understood to mean what do you want? Then there\u2019s another word [Sahaptin], it\u2019s a verb for \u2018have\u2019, [Sahaptin] \u2018what do you have\u2019? [Sahaptin] is a possessive form for do you, do you. [Sahaptin] \u2018what does he have\u2019? \u2018What does he or they have\u2019? \u2018What do they have\u2019? \u2018What do we inclusive have\u2019? That\u2019s an inclusive term where it includes the speaker and other people, [Sahaptin]. \u2018What do you folks have\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What do you folks have\u2019? [Sahaptin] That\u2019s \u201cN\u201d \u201cA\u201d \u201cT\u201d \u201cK\u201d what do we have? This is an exclusive that just you yourself and somebody else and that\u2019s it, just exclusive, just a small group not including everybody. Inclusive means [Sahaptin] and [Sahaptin] is exclusive. [Sahaptin] is a selective adjective and uh, you could use it at the begininning of the word [Sahaptin], this is another WH word, what but it means which one do you want? you have to be very selective, you have a whole bunch of things laying there and this person is asking which one of those do you want but you can\u2019t have all of them you have to select just one. I guess I\u2019m not explaining that right. It means there might be different kinds of things on the table, they\u2019re not all alike they\u2019re all different. This person is asking you which one of these do you want and you have to make a selection. The other, where am I here? [Sahaptin] \u2018What are you looking at\u2019? You know, uh, there are three ways of saying [Sahaptin], [Sahaptin] is \u2018to see\u2019, \u2018watch\u2019 is \u2018to watch something\u2019 with your eyes [Sahaptin] is look at and \u201cA\u201d before the verb is the objective indicator or marker that tells you there\u2019s something at the end of the sentence that tells the listener what you\u2019re looking at. [Sahaptin] \u2018what are you watching\u2019? [Sahaptin] \u2018What do you see\u2019? So um. These were the words that we used in our last session when I forgot my recorder so I\u2019m recording this again, and I\u2019ll listen to myself see if I can understand it <\/span><\/p>\n22:15 – So we have um, the thing that\u2019s at the end of a noun like that is defined as a morphines. There are different kinds of morphines. Used a little different from the English, so uh, we want to talk about that today, it\u2019s the way they look at the world the way they look at wildlife. It\u2019s the way the Indian people use their morphines. So a lot of these things that\u2019s called [Sahaptin], they consider them as relatives, and so they sometimes use the suffixes like they do for humans, but not all of them just certain one. For example horse. They consider horse an animate because there\u2019s a special connection between horse and Indian people. I think not just Indian people consider them spiritually important because Ive heard in other countries they think of horses just this way. So we can use [Sahaptin] for \u2018two horses\u2019, [Sahaptin] for \u2018three horses\u2019, and of course you know I think they use it for dogs too. Because dogs were here before horses and the Indians used to use dogs for packhorses, dogs pack their packs around for them. So I thought that we would you know address that today, and it\u2019s kind of interesting to see how the Indian people look at the language, for instance here, [Sahaptin] is a noun word that means \u2018walk\u2019. And [Sahaptin] means \u2018to walk back to somewhere\u2019. We know that in our last session, you know, our last semester we would be discussing the word [Sahaptin], \u2018to go back\u2019. <\/span><\/p>\n25:39 – [Sahaptin]. \u2018Going back to the house\u2019, or \u2018he\u2019s going back home\u2019, remember that?\u00a0 <\/span>I see everybody craning their neck around. Now this word in um, [Sahaptin], \u2018he walked back home\u2019 or \u2018walked back to the house\u2019. He just went home, but here walked back home. <\/span><\/p>\n26:35 – 47:50 (audio glitching in and out until end of tape) <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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