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ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, AND DUODENUM
Case #6 -
A 59 year old with difficulty swallowing

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS:
6.) What are risk factors for esophageal cancer?

Risk factors for esophageal carcinoma:

Smoking

Alcohol intake

Nitrosamines

Reflux with Barrett's esophagus

Caustic injuries

Plummer-Vinson syndrome  
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