| 9.) What complications may occur and how will you recognize, diagnose, and manage these?
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Possible local complications of acute pancreatitis:
- Necrosis of pancreas (sterile or infected):
Signs: failure to improve, tachycardia, fever
Diagnosis: CT scan
Treatment: debride if infected or if >50% sterile necrosis
- Abscess:
Signs: fever and leucocytosis 2-3 weeks after onset; possible mass
Diagnosis: CT scan
Treatment: percutaneous or open drainage
- Pseudocyst:
Signs: persistent symptoms; mass; persistent increased amylase
Diagnosis: CT scan
Treatment: internal drainage if persisting after 6 weeks and symptomatic.
Systemic complications may include renal failure, systemic inflammatory response including adult respiratory distress syndrome, hypocalcemia, or hyperglycemia.
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