’
’
(ne#)’-d‑D‑ vpf. reflexive
direct object. ‑‑‑‑Dus ’iditgges. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Izditgges. ʘhm ‑‑‑‑Ne’odidzï. ʘcm ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is ne’dïzistc’ey. ʘcm For further example(s) of (ne#)’-d‑D‑ see ghï2 (under pf).
> ’i-d‑d-lh-tiy’ “be conceited,
vain”
see
under tiy’
> de#’-d‑l-ye “pretend to be
dead ”
see
under ye2
(ikh)
> ’a# “in hole, feast
hall, bury”
see
under ’an
’a1
’a n. ʘmf ʘbm ‑‑‑‑’A hozdlï’. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’A welew. ʘlm
> ne‑’a#tsët “be foggy” see under tsët1
(is)
’a2 3D object
|
neu |
’ay |
’a’ |
’alh |
’a’~’alh |
|
neuneg |
’ah |
’al |
’atl |
’a’~’atl |
|
cont |
’a |
’ay |
’alh |
’a’ |
|
contneg |
’a’ |
’al |
’atl |
’a’ |
|
mom |
’ayh |
’ay |
’alh |
’alh |
|
momneg |
’ac |
’al |
’atl |
’atl |
|
cust |
’ayh |
|
|
|
|
custneg |
’ac |
|
|
|
|
prog |
’alh |
|
|
|
|
progneg |
’atl |
|
|
|
‑’a v. (neu)
Some objects that require this root are sdoh stove, bin
lake, dzilh mountain, c’it’an leaf, bush, nïmbel
tent (if set up), nelhdic blanket (if folded) or sleeping bag (if
rolled up), tl’olh rope (if coiled), tl’o hay (if
baled), ‑le a hand, ‑nghen a head, sis
bear (if toy), hinic message. For example(s) for
‑’a see k’ë (under mot).
s‑ impf ‑‑‑‑Nk’istggiz ’et si’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Bin k’it tanïts nu si’ay. ʘvg ‑‑‑‑’Et wey’ah. ʘmf ʘbm ‑‑‑‑’Usa ’et wey’ah. ʘgh ‑‑‑‑’Et ïn’a’. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Et wey’al. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Et ta’alh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Et u’a’ wibe ’oondzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Et wes’a’ wibe ’oondzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Bï to wik’isi’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëdi hoz’ay? ʘgw ‑‑‑‑Gidimt’en ’et cin dïz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Uzï bibe ’et yidïz’ay. ʘib ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Ggï
bï c’iz’ay yez to hilhtis hiyï yilh’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑So’ wik’ëlhawtalh’elh ts’ihoz’ay.
ʘlm There’s a chance to pay for it. For further
example(s) of s‑ impf see k’it2
(under clf).
sunye bï si’ay n. ʘlm
tsëghe bï si’ay n.
ts’o bï si’ay n. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑bï si’ay ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Ts’o bï si’ay sunye yï silh’ay.
ʘlm
to dïz’ay n. ʘlm ʘsa For examples for to dïz’ay see ’aw; ’elhits.
Tak’is’ay pn. (Gaz Tak’es’aay
“hill”, AJ/JK‑2 86:20 Tak’es’aay)
Tak’is’ay Ts’anlï pn. unnamed
creek. (AJ/JK‑2 86:20 Tak’es’aay ts’anlii)
tsëghe disi’ay n. ʘmf
dist ‑‑‑‑Dzilh nidïst’ay. ʘlm
lhtinyikhhoz’ay n. ʘsa
e‑ impf ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ëhts’iy binghen biydïn’ay.
Haayilht’is, nin hooyilhtl’is. Wets’is’alh. ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Hinic
’et bïïdïn’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Ats ’adïn’ay. ʘhn For further
example(s) of e‑ impf see t’i
(under clf).
Dudïn’ay pn. ʘha ʘsa also Tudïn’ay.
(Gaz Duudiin’aay “hill/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:12 duudiin’aay
“goes along hillside”)
weneyikhwinïn’ay n. ʘvg
D‑ quasi-passive
derivatives. ‑‑‑‑Dzilh tadït’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Bit’ak hadït’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dzilh k’its hawdït’ay. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Tsë hadït’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tsë yik hodït’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tsë yik hodïlye. ʘlm
hadït’ay n. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Yin hadït’ay wizuh lhits’izkwiz.
ʘlm For further example(s) of hadït’ay see wegh.
nis widïst’ay n. ʘsa
lhts’iwdïst’ay n. ʘlm
nebewdïst’ay n.
Tsë Tadït’ay pn. (Gaz Tsee
tadiit’aay “ridge/boundary”, Tsee Taadiit’aay (Wah Tah Kwets), Tsee
Taadiit’aay (Gooh Tse Awh) “ridge/boundary”, Gaz Tsa Taa Dee Tai
“boundary between Gis Day Wah and Smogelgem” “hill/boundary”; AJ/JK 86‑2:29
tsee “rock” T’adiit’ay “extends below”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 tsee
tadiit’ay “ridge” “ridge goes into water”, AlM/JK 86:32 Tsee Tadiit’aay
“hill”, AJ/JK 86:29 “rock-extends below”)
Yin Lhëdït’ay pn. ʘha (Gaz Yen ɬeediint’aay,
Yen ɬeediintay “ridge/boundary”, AJ/JK 86:44 Yen Lheediint’aay
“ridges come together”)
Neyisdïnt’ay pn. (Gaz Nee
Yes Diint’aay “ridge/range”, AJ/JK 86‑2:32 Neeyes “ridge (yes)”
Diint’aay “descending...of small hills”, AJ/JK 89:11 néyesdint’ay
“a ridge at Ootsa Lake”)
Nde’ Ditëst’ay pn. (Gaz Nde’
Deteest’aay (Gooh Laht), Nde’ Deteest’aay (Caspit), Nde’
Deteest’aay (Chief Louie) “Sibola Peak” “Sabola Mountain Range” “range”,
AJ/JK 86‑2:35 nde’ “downstream” deteest’ay, AJ/JK 86‑2:39
Nde deteest’aay)
caus ‑‑‑‑Sunye lhay yï yilh’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Lhk’iy zih ’et yibe yinïlh’ay.
ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Diyez be yikh holh’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dik nïlh’ay. ʘlm For further
examples of caus see diz4 (under sem);
t’akh1 (under ‑t’akh).
Ts’o Yik Nïlh’ay pn.
(MF/SH; AlM/JK 86:32 ts’oo yek)
bï kë ts’ilh’ay,
kë bï ts’ilh’ay
n. ʘhn ʘsa ʘsa
‑be w‑’a v. (s,?)
‑‑‑‑Kaneyetasdlïlh co sbe hoz’ay.
ʘvg
‑ghe w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Sighe hoz’ay.
‑e#n-l‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Bïnïzigil’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sis k’in’a c’enïlh’ay. ʘlm (LM/DR)
bïznïlh’ay n. ʘlm
‑ghi#O-lh‑’a v.
impf refl (1s ghisigil’ay,
2s ghisel‑, 3s ghiyilh‑, 1d ghisdil‑,
1p ghits’ilh‑, 2p ghisiwhlh‑,
3p ghaayilh‑) ‑‑‑‑Ghisigil’ay. ʘmf ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Ghiyilh’ay. ʘlm ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Ghisdil’ay. ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Ghits’ilh’ay. ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Ghisel’ay. ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Ghisiwhlh’ay. ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Ghaayilh’ay. ʘvg
ghits’ilh’ay n. ʘlm
‑ïnï ‑ghi#d‑’a v. (s,?)
‑‑‑‑Bïnï bighiydïz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nyïnï nghidïz’ay? ʘlm
‑ïnï ti#w-d‑lh‑’a/le v. (s,?)
‑‑‑‑Dïnï tiwidïlh’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Ggï hinic niwhënï tiwidïziwhleh.
ʘlm
ka#w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Bizek wikaoz’ay.
‑k’i#w-d‑’a v. (s,?)
‑‑‑‑Sk’iwidïz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sk’iwdïz’ay. ʘhn
tsa#O-d‑l‑’a v. (s,?)
‑‑‑‑Tsadïzïl’ay. ʘsa
‑ts’i#w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑So’ wik’ëlhawtalhtselh.
Bits’ooz’ay. ‑‑‑‑Gabun sts’ooz’ay. Lhay
sts’ooz’ay.
‑ts’i#O-w‑lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Vi bits’ooziclh’ay. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Sts’oozïlh’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hoo’, nts’iwewclh’ah. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Deltsic nts’ooziclh’ay nïnzin?
ʘlm
‑k’i#n-lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑C’ik’inïlh’ay.
w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Dït dzïn hon’a’. ‑‑‑‑Sa’ wewi’ah. For further example(s)
of w‑’a see tlagh (under O-lh-tlagh). [cf. w‑’a,
’i#w‑’a “time is” (active verb with same abstract meaning)]
sa’ hon’a’ adv. ʘcm often sa’on’a’.
For
examples for sa’
hon’a’
see ’usa (under telh
’usa); de3 (under ‑ghi#de); tside’
(under witside’).
‑t’a dzï#l‑’a v. (s,?
neu) ‑‑‑‑Bit’a dzïsigil’ay. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Wit’a dzïsigil’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Wit’a dzïwegil’ah. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Lht’a dzïtawhlh’alh. ʘlm
O‑’a v.
prog ‑‑‑‑Dïts yï’alh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dïts ïn’alh. ʘaj ʘdm ‑‑‑‑’Usa sbe ïn’alh. ʘlm For further example(s) of prog see ts’ah1 (under ‑ts’i‑).
cont ‑‑‑‑Silhtsen dicis ni’a. ʘgh ‑‑‑‑’Usa yibe niyi’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dic’ah naadïlh tselh naa’a. ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Dize ’oh niye. Ndu niwes’a’. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Niynïst’ay. ʘlm For further
example(s) of cont see h1 (under ‑h).
hinic ni’a n. ʘmn
bï kwin nits’i’a n.
bï yedic nits’i’a n. ‑‑‑‑Bï yedic nits’i’a ’aw k’is nts’ë
nits’i’a.
dinï zïc be
nikwini’a
n. ʘlm
mom ‑‑‑‑Lemidec yintëz’ay. ʘaj ‑‑‑‑Bits’anec’inïn’ayh. ‑‑‑‑Gwe’ilh nts’oon’ay? ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dïdikhnï uzï haneeydïnt’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hinic c’izu’ bigheynïn’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sts’ikh dic’anis’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tsë wik’ëdïn’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tsë wik’ëdita’alh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hac’inïn’ay. ʘkn ‑‑‑‑Lhinïïndinit’ayh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Slec’ën’ay. K’ëlhaneozigiltsiy.
ʘlm (LM/DR) For further
examples of mom see ’a3 (under ‑ts’a#c’‑’a);
ne1 (under mot); negh (under ‑negh);
yik (under yoh).
wewidïn’ay n. ʘmf
nis tëtiy
wewidïn’ay, nis detiy wewdïn’ay n. ʘlm ʘgm
nï’ tëtiy
wewidïn’ay
n. ʘlm
cust1 ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh det sikh hiyï
c’ik’ëne’ayh. ʘlm (LM/DR)
bit’anec’ini’ayh n.
hinic#n‑’ay v. (mom)
‑‑‑‑Bighaanicnis’ay. ʘlm
lh-u‑D‑’a v. (0,e)
lh‑ ~ lhi# for this verb. ‑‑‑‑Bits’alhc’ot’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Usa nelhoot’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Usa nelhot’ay. ʘhm ‑‑‑‑Ïzlhiy nelhoot’ay. ʘsa
ne#c’-n‑’a v. With
this verb c’‑ “something” can occur with an overt noun.
‑‑‑‑K’a nec’ini’ayh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy bik’a nec’inïn’ay. ʘsa
‑k’ë#O-n‑D‑’a v. (e,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Bik’ëznït’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ënït’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy bini’iyh ’ey
hiyk’ënït’ayh. Hiyt’ats c’otsëkh. ʘlm (LM/DR)
k’ë#O-lh‑’a v. (?,s)
‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’ilh’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’iselh’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’isiclh’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’itaclh’alh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëwec’isiclh’a’.
w‑’a, ’i#w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Sa’ wik’ëdik ’iwewis’ac. ʘsa [cf. w‑’a “time is” (neuter verb
with same abstract meaning)]
cust2 ‑‑‑‑Cën ho’ayh bimï’ ndinilk’in’.
ʘlm (LM/DR) For further example(s) of cust2 see dzikh4 (under compar).
sa’ ho’ayh adv. ‑‑‑‑sa’ yez ho’ayh ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sa’ we ho’ayh so’ ’iwewidzin.
ʘsa For further examples of sa’ ho’ayh see nïh3 (under cust);
tsay (alh) (under cust).
‑c’ats n-l‑’a/le v. (s,s
mom) ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats nïzigil’ay. ʘha ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Sc’ats nïlh’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Niwhc’ats hinïlhye. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Hiyc’ats hinïlhye. ʘsa
tse#n‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Tse’alh hiyk’it tsenïlh’ay. ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bik’itseznïlh’ay. ʘlm (LM/DR)
‑le ‑’a v. (cont)
‑‑‑‑Bile nis’a. ‑‑‑‑Sile nïn’ah. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Sile niwh’ah. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hibile niwh’ah. ʘhn ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Niwhle nisi’ay. ‑‑‑‑Bile ninesist’ay. ʘcm
kwin#n‑’a v. (0,e)
n#n ‑‑> nn or n. ‑‑‑‑Yilenekwini’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hiylekwinni’ayh hondinïltitl.
ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Yilekwinïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Yitakwinïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑We kwin hiti’ayh. ʘlm
‑ts’a#w‑’ac,
‑e#w‑’ac
v. (mom) This verb has no perfective and is only used in the
negative. The stem is uniformly ‑’ac. ‑‑‑‑Sits’awewzïn’ac. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Bits’awewzun’ac. ʘlm For further example(s) of ‑ts’a#w‑’ac,
‑e#w‑’ac see tsic1 (under ditsic).
O-tawitsiy’ w-d‑’a v. (n,n
mom) ‑‑‑‑Hibitawitsiy’ widïnïn’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Stawitsiy’ wewdizun’atl. ʘlm
k’i-ne#w-d‑t-D‑’a v. (0,s
mom) ‑‑‑‑K’inewditent’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’inewditëst’ay. ʘlm
‑ne#c’-d‑’a v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Yinec’idita’alh. ‑‑‑‑Yinec’idïn’ay.
dï#O-d‑’a/le v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Dïïbiditalïlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dïnyidita’alh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hinic dïdilïh we ’it’ah. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Yedic ’awit hinic dïïdilïh. ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Sts’iyeelhdic ’et wesdeh tah
hinic ’et dïïdïn’ay. ʘlm (LM/DR)
hinic dïdilïh n. ʘlm
c’-k’ë#O-d‑’a/le v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ënyidi’ayh.
’et nï#O‑’a v. (n,n
mom) ‑‑‑‑Winïze ’et nïïnïn’ay. ʘaj ʘdm ‑‑‑‑Sdus be ’et nïc’inis’ay. ʘlm
tsë#O-d‑’a v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Tsec’aadi’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tsec’idïn’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Kwilet winïze tseydïn’ay. ʘlm
‑k’i-ne#O-t‑’a v. (0,s
mom) ‑‑‑‑C’ik’inec’itëzis’ay. ʘlm
‑k’i-tsa#w-d‑’a v. (0,e
mom) also sa#. ‑‑‑‑Sis k’itsawdiwh’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nïdo k’itsawdïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Nu’ts’inï k’itsawindinïz’ay.
‑e#d-D‑’a/le v. (n,n
mom) ‑‑‑‑Cin ïdïnist’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’edïnt’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’eedïnt’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tsagh ïdïnt’ay. ‑‑‑‑Tsagh ïdïlye.
c’-u‑d‑’a/le v. (s,s
mom) ‑‑‑‑C’odïzïn’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’odïz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’oodïz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Ts’iyewh c’oodïzle. ʘlm
‑k’ë#w‑’a v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Sk’ëon’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Iynïlyegh tl’i sk’ëon’ay. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Hiyk’ëc’on’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Yik’ëon’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dilhtsen yik’ëon’ay. ʘlm
impf with ne#D‑
refl. (1s k’ënewist’ayh, 2s k’ëneont’ayh,
3s k’ënewit’ayh, 1d k’ënets’iwit’ayh, 1p k’ënewidit’ayh,
2p k’ënewiwht’ayh, 3p k’ëneewit’ayh) ‑‑‑‑K’ënewit’ayh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑K’ënewist’ayh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑K’ënewidit’ayh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑K’ënets’iwit’ayh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑K’ëneewit’ayh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑K’ëneont’ayh lec? ʘmf ‑‑‑‑K’ënewiwht’ayh. ʘmf
cust3 ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz sk’ëon’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz dinï lhk’unï
hibik’ëon’ayh. ʘlm
ne#w‑’a v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Neon’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nets’iwi’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Neon’ay. ʘlm
Witsuwit’en hinic
nets’iwi’ayh beyikh
n. ʘlm
‑e t-D‑’a v. (0,s
mom) object of ‑e is the cutting instrument,
usually not expressed. ‑‑‑‑Bile bï yitëst’ay. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Sle bï yitëst’ay. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑(Liztiyh) bï yitëzist’ay.
‑ze-ne#n-D‑’a/ne#n-le v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Sizeneniwht’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sizenenït’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nzeneznïnle. ‑‑‑‑Nzenenust’alh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Të’ën’, ’en so’ sk’ëntsiy’.
Sizenenit’ayh k’idze honed(eyh). ʘwj
nïdzikh c’a#h-n‑’a v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Nïdzikh c’aani’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nïdzikh c’aanïs’ay.
nï#O-d‑D‑’a v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Hiynïc’idita’alh. ʘbn ‑‑‑‑Nïnedïnt’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Ts’ikh nïneydït’ay. ʘdr ‑‑‑‑Nïnec’idït’ay. ʘbo ʘbn
ts’ez#d‑’a/D-le v.
cont ‑‑‑‑’Oh nits’ezdi’a. ʘlm
mom ‑‑‑‑Wibets’ezdïn’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hats’ezdïn’ay. ʘlm [cf. d-ts’ez
“(pejorative) goes”]
Wibets’ezdïlïh pn. wretched
rather than disliked individuals. (CA/JK 78:76 wibe ts’eezdeelee
“Tsezakwa Ck”)
‑k’ë-ts’ez#d‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëts’ezdïn’ay. ʘlm
‑’a v.
prog1 ‑‑‑‑Udohiy yiw ï’alh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Sa ï’alh wighewh nï’aast’ë’n.
ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh sa ï’alh? ʘlm
mom ‑‑‑‑Sa han’ay. ʘsa ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Tëz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Yik tëz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Ts’isi’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sa yik hon’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sa nen’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Sa honenït’ay. ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Sa wiyïn’ay. ʘlm (Jenness sa
wi’inai “the sun went under something”) ‑‑‑‑Wiyïnet’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Elhidzïn sa nebesi’ay. ʘha ‑‑‑‑Sa tsët ïn’ay. ʘlm variation on sa
ïn’ay.
sa lhk’ët’ay,
lhk’ët’ay
n. ʘhn ʘmf
Sa Wik’is’ay pn. ʘlm (AJ/JK 86:47 saa
wek’es’aay “sun sets on it”) [< Sa Wik’isi’ay]
sa ïn’ay n. ʘsa (DD, ElM/JK 78:24
sa een’ay “new moon”)
cust4 ‑‑‑‑’Et sa ha’ayh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Yik ho’ayh, wikanec’its’ilïh.
ʘbn ʘbo
Ts’itl’awilh’alh pn.
(MnA/JK 78:71 ts’itl’awiɬ’aɬ “hill e of NH” “above Bulkley
River” “1 1/2 mi from reserve, just off reserve” AJ/JK 86‑2:42 ts’etl’aweɬ’aaɬ
“stick butt over the edge” “lake just north of the ball park”, AJ/JK 86‑2:23
Ts’etl’aaweɬ’aaɬ “put butt over the hill” ben)
[< tl’a#w‑’a “buttocks goes”]
Ts’itl’awilh’alh
Bin
pn. (Gaz Ts’etl’aa Weɬ’aatɬ Ben “lake”)
> c’ibegh si’ay “top edge of
basket”
see
under bekh3
> ’Nin Dïn’ay “Nadina Mt.” see under d2
> bidiydïn’ay “jar lid” see under di4
> Guh Dïz’ay “Needle L.” see under gïwh (u)
> Gguh Dïz’ay Kwah “unnamed creek” see under gguh2
(ïwh)
> Tsë Gguh Dïz’ay “Bennett Pt.” see under gguh2
(ïwh)
> keyikh hoz’ay “town” see under keyikh
> Dinï K’ikh Hoz’ay “Footprints” see under k’ikh1
> Tsa K’undze Tos’ay “unnamed place” see under k’undze
> Nde’ Ditëst’ay
Bighikh
“Sibola
Mt. area”
see
under ghikh1
> Tsë Legh Tas’ay “unnamed lake” see under legh2
> Nulh’ay “Klate L.” see under nu1
> Ts’in K’it Hoz’ay “unnamed lake” see under ts’in2
’a3 linear extends
|
neu |
’a |
’a’ |
’alh |
’a’ |
|
neuneg |
’ah |
’al |
’atl |
’a’ |
|
cont |
’a |
|
|
|
|
dist |
’a/’a’ |
|
|
. |
‑’a v. (neu)
Some objects in this category are ts’o spruce (if standing), lho
glacier, c’ikwah river. For examples for ‑’a see lhk’i (under lhk’i#);
tak’iy (under tat); ts’i (under ext).
e-impf ‑‑‑‑Ts’o hodïn’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Ts’o howedï’ah. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hodïn’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Et howedï’al. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Et hodita’alh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Et howeditas’atl. ‑‑‑‑’Et hodu’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Et howedus’a’. ‑‑‑‑Bits’ayïn’a. ʘlm ʘmf ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Bits’ac’en’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Barrel nis han’a. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Bileyïn’a. ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah hon’a’. ‑‑‑‑Ts’iwinïn’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Nï’ ’awin’a. ʘbo ‑‑‑‑Wididlin. Widiwdïn’a. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Tsëghe t’idïn’a. ʘmf
c’indec bïn’a n.
bïts’ën’a n.
[< originally deverbal, cf. ‑ë#de/kë “sg./du wear”, but
verb no longer used]
distl’is bïsile
hodïn’a
n. ʘhn
distl’is bïkat
hodïn’a
n. ʘhn (LM/DR)
Tsë Hodïn’a pn. ʘha (Gaz Tsee
Hodiin’a “cultural site”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 tsee “rock” hodiin’aa
“sticks up”)
Tsë Hadïn’a pn. (Gaz Tsaha
Deen na “hill”)
Tsë Co Hodïn’a pn. ʘsa
Ts’o Co Hodïn’a pn.
nïmbel ts’edik
hodïn’a
n. ʘhn (LM/DR)
bicin bits’ayïn’a n. ʘhn
hatan’a n.
lhim bït hoon’a n.
tsë bït hoon’a n. also
tsë bï hoon’a. ‑‑‑‑Tsë bït hoon’a ’aayïlhtiy.
Witël K’it Winïn’a pn. (Gaz Weteel
K’et Weniin’a (Smogelgem, K’hay La’h) “hill”, AJ/JK 86‑2:15 weteel
“wide” k’et “on it” weniin’aa “something is embedded”)
Tl’o Winïn’a pn. (Gaz Tl’ook
Woniin’aa “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:20 Tl’ook “?” Woniin’aa
“hole in?”)
Winï Tl’o Ghïn’a pn. (Gaz Weniitl’ew
ghiin’a “Tachek Mountain”, Wanii Dlogh Hiina, Wanii dlogh hii ne
“long hill/boundary”; AJ/JK 86‑2:17 wenii tl’ew “in meadow” ghiin’aa
“embedded”)
Misdzï
Winïc’ibïn’a
pn. (Gaz Mesdzii Wenic’ebiin’aa “camp area”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 Mesdzii
“owl” Wenic’ebiin’aa “embedded”)
bilh winïc’en’a n. ʘhn
yik widïn’a adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑yik widïn’a netiy ʘwj
dik widïn’a adv. ʘhn ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Dik widïn’a windïzisyilh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dik widïn’a hasisye. ʘwj
Lho Tan’a pn. ʘha (Gaz ɬoot
Taan’aa “Brian Boru Peak” “peak/boundary”, BS/JK 78:72 lhotan “mt.
behind Mo[rice]tow[n]”, AJ/JK 86:43 lhoot “glacier” taan’aa
“extends”)
Tl’at Tan’a pn. (Gaz Tl’aat
Taan’a “headwaters”, AJ/JK 86‑2:25 tl’aat “headwaters” taan’aa
“bay extends”)
lhk’ët’a n. ʘha
lhilen’a n. ʘhn ʘwj ‑‑‑‑ts’aku tl’as lhilen’a (LM/DR)
‑‑‑‑Liswe lhilen’a hibiyez limalyas
talïlh bilikhnï ts’aku ’ey hiyïdïlhts’iy. ʘlm (LM/DR)
liswe keytl’iw’
c’it’akh ts’itl’as bilh lhilen’a n. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Liswe keytl’iw’ c’it’akh
ts’itl’as bilh lhilen’a nïdo hozdlï’ wits’in ’ey hiyïdïlhts’iy. ʘlm (LM/DR)
lhile#lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Ggin lhilec’elh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Ts’akë c’ic’onilhgut nit’agh
dilhggis ggec lhileyïlh’a. (LM/DR)
n-impf ‑‑‑‑Tin binïonïn’a doh ’oolhco. ʘwj ‑‑‑‑Tsë Cakh c’ide’ yen’ nenïn’a.
ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Bighoonïn’a. ʘvg ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Bimïs k’it bighoonïn’a. ʘsa
wighoonïn’a n. ʘvg
s-impf ‑‑‑‑Bideluh nis si’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Kë bikëntsitl welew. Lhk’isi’a.
ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nebenïz’a.
ʘwj ‑‑‑‑Dic, dï ’ey nebesi’a. ʘwj
dzilh highooz’a n.
bigheoz’a n. ‑‑‑‑Dï yin kak ts’i honcagh
ho’ints’iy, ggï bigheoz’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Yin bigheoz’a, ’agh welew talïlh.
ʘlm
ts’ooz’a n. ʘhn ʘha ʘsa (JM, ElM/JK 78:79
ts’oz’a “cliff”)
’elhikh tëz’a n. ʘcd
dist ‑‑‑‑Tl’o ’et nisi’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑To nidïz’a. ‑‑‑‑C’igïwh nisi’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Mbïdi ’et nisiye? Bik’ikh nooz’a.
ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Bighinooz’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Lhighinooz’a. ʘha ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Dicin hondïz’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Bitsëghe hondïz’a tl’i siyïn.
ʘcd ‑‑‑‑Bits’anc’iz’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Bit’indïz’a. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑C’itansi’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Diyensi’a. ʘha ʘsa For further
example(s) of dist see lï2 (under nenlï).
c’itinsi’a n.
lhtinyikhhost’a’ n. ʘsa
yikh wenï nic’iz’a n. ʘvg
caus ‑‑‑‑Hoc’elh’a. ʘha ‑‑‑‑Nik hoc’elh’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Tec’inïlh’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Nduwa tewec’elh’a? ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Et hayïlh’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hoc’idïclh’a. ʘha ‑‑‑‑Dikinic lhk’iweyïlh’ah. ʘha ‑‑‑‑Bidekw’ëts nis yilh’a. ‑‑‑‑Lheynïlh’a. ʘmf ʘlm For further
example(s) of caus see t’i (under lh-t’i#d‑).
’awits’in’a adv. ʘlm ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Awits’in’a ’indzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awits’in’a ’oondzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awits’in’a nï’ts’ilh’ën’.
hots’in’a adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hots’in’a ’ine’ wik’inewilnic.
ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dinï hots’in’a so’dïn’a. ʘhn [< hots + ’in’a]
dïts’in’a adv. ʘhn ʘlm ‑‑‑‑U’in siyïn dïts’in’a binesenye.
[< dïts + ’in’a]
t’ats’in’a adv. ʘmf ʘlm ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a nedïdelh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a nedïntgguh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a niszut. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a lhits’izdïl. ʘlm [< t’ats + ’in’a] ʘlm
nts’ën’a adv. ʘhn ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a ’itnï? ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a degegh? ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a witside’ deondzïn’ nïdo
welew? ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Pat wits’udilhye’ George
nts’ëna town ts’in witsanege. ‑‑‑‑Mabel wika c’odilhkit nts’ën’atah
Lillian ’it’ën k’its honye. For further example(s) of nts’ën’a see zï1 (under impf).
k’ikhin’a adv. ʘhn ʘmf ʘkn ‑‑‑‑K’ikhin’a nedïdelh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑K’ikhin’a nizut. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’ikhin’a widïnzut. For further
examples of k’ikhin’a see c’ats (under ‑c’ats);
ggeyh (under mom).
‑k’its’in’a p. ‑‑‑‑Bik’its’in’a sënï welew. ʘlm
nisin’a adv. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Nisin’a ïnyelh. ʘsa
‑k’in’a p. shortenable
to k’i‑. For example(s) for ‑k’in’a see ts’ay (etl) (under O-u‑s-lh-ts’ay).
like: ‑‑‑‑To k’in’a dïz’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑To k’idïz’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Niwhk’in’a dinï weylïh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Sis k’in’a yïnïlh’ay. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Yeydïnt’az, ’ey wih taydïnt’az
k’in’a. ʘgm
in the language
of: ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’in’a ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Nïdo k’in’a Helen
sts’itnï. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Yin ’idïnïh, ’anuc niwhk’in’a.
ʘlm
tiy#w‑’a v. (ext)
‑‑‑‑Hotiyhon’a. ʘlm ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Lhtiyhoz’a. ‑‑‑‑Deniggit nebetiywidïz’a. ‑‑‑‑Nik Lester bits’atiyhon’a.
ʘsa For further examples of tiy#w‑’a see tsin’ (under tsewh);
yegh; yen1 (under nyets’iyegh).
’elhoh hotiyhon’a n.
newh hotiyhon’a n.
Dzilh Tah
Lhtiyhoz’a, Dzilh Tah Lhitiyhoz’a pn. ʘsa ʘsa (Gaz Dzuɬ ta tii Hoza
“trail” “Round Lake to Lake above Lhie tait and east”)
dist ‑‑‑‑nts’ëwh tah tiynooz’a ‑‑‑‑C’ilhggic tiynooz’a. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑C’adïh tiynooz’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Lhtiynoost’a.
‑ts’a#c’‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Yits’ac’i’ayh. ‑‑‑‑Yits’ac’ën’ay. ‑‑‑‑Hiyts’ac’i’ayh. ʘcd ‑‑‑‑Bits’ac’en’ayh.
n-t‑’a v. (s,?)
‑‑‑‑Ntëzis’a. ʘsa ʘha ‑‑‑‑Hintëz’a. ʘsa ʘha ‑‑‑‑Yikh wintëz’a. ‑‑‑‑Centëz’a. ʘsa ʘha [cf. h-n‑t‑
“stagger”]
d‑’a/le v. (e,?
neu) ‑’a can also be used with plural subjects. ‑‑‑‑Dïn’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dinï dïn’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑So’ dïn’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑So’ hidïnle. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Ts’aku hidïn’anï ’enï dzut
binedïstghe’ hiyï dïlts’iy’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑So’ wedï’ah. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ ïzlhiy hit’enï so’
hidïn’a. ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑So’
c’ika’aatat’elh, so’ hidita’alh wenï. ʘlm
caus ‑‑‑‑So’ dïclh’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑So’ nyidïclh’a. ʘmf
‑k’its d‑’a/le v. ‑‑‑‑Wik’its dïn’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Wik’its wedï’ah. ʘlm
‑k’i-ne#c’‑’a v. (cont)
‑‑‑‑Bik’ininec’en’ah. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ininec’iz’ay. ʘmf
c’ik’ininec’iz’a n.
ho#c’-d‑l‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Hoc’idïl’a. ʘha ‑‑‑‑’Et hoc’idïl’a. ʘhn ʘsa
ha#O-lh‑’a v. (neu)
‑‑‑‑Dinï hayïlh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Tabï hayïlh’a’. ʘhn
ha#w-d‑lh‑’a v. (neu)
‑‑‑‑Lhic hawdïlh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’ikawdïlh’a. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’is ndïtnï ka hawdïlh’a? ʘhn ‑‑‑‑K’is ndïtnï ka hawdïlh’a
wits’udilhye’. ʘhn
w-d‑lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Hots widïlh’a. ‑‑‑‑Hinic yik’its widïlh’a. ‑‑‑‑Hots wewdïlh’ah. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nin wets’iwdïlh’ah. ‑‑‑‑Dine’ yits’iwewdïlh’ah. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’It’ën yits’iwewdïlh’ah.
lh‑’a v. (neu)
‑‑‑‑Ggit dicin halh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Et hayïlh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’indec ’et hayïlh’a. ʘlm For further example(s) of lh‑’a see ts’il3 (under ts’il).
Talh’a pn. ʘsa ʘhn (Gaz Taɬ’aa
“hill”, AJ/JK 86‑2:33 Taɬ’aa, Jenness taiɬla
“swampy place where brush grows in the water”)
Ts’iy Nenïlh’a
Kwah
pn. ʘsa (Gaz Ts’ay Neeniiɬ’aa Kwe
“Tsai Creek”, AJ/JK 86:36 Ts’ay Neeniiɬ’aa Kwe “where cottonwood
extends to stream”, Jenness tse’tsenilla “much cottonwood coming down
the river...an area about 10 miles square at the head of Telkwa River”)
lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Binegh k’iz lheynïlh’a. ʘha ‑‑‑‑Dinegh lhënïlh’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Ku’ ’et siwits k’intal’alh
wika’nïnzin. “T’ah ntenlelh. Ntsets ts’ënenyinïlhdzit.” ʘsa
tse#lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Tetseniclh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Ts’itsesiclh’a. ‑‑‑‑Wibetsedïclh’a. ʘhn
tl’a#w‑(d‑)lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Ts’itl’awilh’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Hotl’awdïlh’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Hotl’awdïclh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Tony, nduwa hatl’awdïlh’a? ’Agh
c’i dinedïndeyh. ʘsa
dist ‑‑‑‑Hatl’anhiwdïlh’a. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Hantl’aniwidïlh’a. ʘsa
’Is Lhts’il’a pn. ʘsa (AJ/JK 89:15 ’es
ts’el’agh “sharp precipice”, Gaz Es ts’elaagh “bluffs”, AJ/JK 86‑2:35
es ts’elaagh “bluff facing”)
> nebeoz’a “bend in road” see under bekh3
> bitiy nebenïz’a “round, circular
handle”
see
under bekh3
> Tsë Hodïn’a Bït “unnamed place” see under ët (e ï)
> kwit leghesi’a “fibula” see under leghe
> C’iles Co Hodïn’a
Kwah
“Winfield
Cr.” see under les
> newh lhiyïtiyhon’a “two-way street” see under lhiyï
> Yen’ Git Nenïn’a “old Hagwilget
bridge”
see
under ne2
> bï c’its’iziz bï
to yïn’a
“drinking
straw”
see
under ziz1
> bï lht’ic’ibidïn’a “pin, paper clip” see under t’i
> bï tsëghe
lht’indïz’a
“bobby
pin, barrette, hair clip”
see
under t’i
> Dzilh Ts’ac Netiy
Widïn’a
“trail
near Tableland Mt.”
see
under ts’ac
> ulïts’in’a “different, wrong” see under ulïts
’a4
|
dur |
’a |
’a’ |
’alh |
’a’ |
|
durneg |
’a’ |
’al |
’atl |
’a’ |
O-lh‑’a v. (dur)
‑‑‑‑Ïlh’a. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Wesiclh’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’En hoynïlh’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Weyïlh’al. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dek’a ’aalh’iyh c’ital’alh wenï.
ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nyitaclh’alh.
ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Wenyitizïclh’atl. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Yulh’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Wesolh’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Yinïl’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Lhëël’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Bighe c’eclh’a’ sbe ’ilyegh.
Ts’an bik’ëlhawtaclhtselh. ʘhn (LM/DR)
refl ‑‑‑‑’Adic ne’dïl’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Adic diyï’ yïlh’a’. ʘhn
pass ‑‑‑‑Ïl’a’. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Ët’ën’ ïl’a’. Hiybe
c’ik’ënec’enle. ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bits’ac’elts’itnï
hël’a’. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Tl’ët witanïhnï hël’a’. ʘhn
’a’
|
cont |
’a’ |
’a’ |
’a’ |
’a’ |
|
contneg |
’a’ |
’al |
’a’ |
’a’ |
O-d‑n‑’a’ v. (cont)
‑‑‑‑Kw’isil nindinïn’a’ lic? ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Niyindinïz’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Neyindinïn’a’. ʘhn
fut (1s ninditas’a’,
2s ninditan’a’, 3s niyindita’a’, 1d ninditadit’a’,
1p nits’indita’a’, 2p ninditawh’a’, 3p nayindita’a’)
‑‑‑‑Niyindita’a’.
futneg (1s niwenditizïs’a’,
2s niwenditizïn’a’, 3s niweyinditas’a’, 1d niwenditasdit’a’,
1p niwets’inditas’a’, 2p niwenditizïwh’a’,
3p niweeyinditas’a’) ‑‑‑‑Niweeyinditas’a’.
w-d‑’a’ v. (cont)
‑‑‑‑Sa’ nuudi’a’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Sa’ nudi’a’. ʘlm
gguz#d‑’a’ v. (cont)
‑‑‑‑Duwa nigguzdïn’a’? ʘbn ‑‑‑‑Duwa ggin nigguzdi’a’? ʘbn
’abotnï n. (AJ/JK
89:8 abotni “apostle”) [from Fr apôtre]
’adic pro. ʘhn ʘlm third person
reflexive or reciprocal pronoun. For examples for ’adic see ’usdlus; bes (under
mom); ges1 (under caus); nic3
(under k’i‑ (‑ilh) ne-w‑l-nic); t’o’ (under
d-t’o’).
reciprocal: ‑‑‑‑Siy so’ ditsic wesaadïnïl. ’Adic
zih lhtalhëëlye tl’i holhëëlye. ʘwj
reflexive: ‑‑‑‑’Adic zih ’iyïnlegh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’adic zih k’ëletilggïh. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑’Adic dineyh niynikiy’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Yen’ ’adic ’aayïnlegh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Adic hots’et. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh ’adic hidibe deeynïnle.
ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hidïdikhnï ’adic ts’iyewh dicin
hit’iy. ʘhn (LM/DR) [cf. ‑c
“only, on one’s own”]
> ’adic dïldis “automatic,
semi-automatic gun”
see
under diz2
’adic’oh exp. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Adic’oh ’et doondzin, ’adic’oh
deondzin. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Adic’oh, hida netolggeyh
holhtsiyh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Adic’oh lis, siy k’ikh netosge’.
(Ndu Ka Wesinïlh’ën? (song))
’Adzics,
’Adzicsgit
prsn. ʘsa ʘsa Likhts’amisyu chief name.
’Ahde’gginaw’ prsn. ʘhn ʘgm ʘsa Tsayu
chief name. [from Git ?ax̲dii ganaa’w “without frog”]
’Ahdï’o’ prsn. ʘhn ʘsa Tsayu
chief name.
’Ahdïwigïcs prsn. ʘhn Likhsilyu
chief name.
’Ahggodimas prsn. ʘmf Gidimt’en
chief name. (Jenness Axgotdemash, also name of a crest belonging to
this chief)
’Ahk’ot prsn. ʘha ʘsa ʘhn Likhsilyu
chief name. (Jenness Axgot (Heartless))
’akh1
|
dur |
’akh |
’agh |
’akh |
’akh |
|
durneg |
’ak |
’ikh |
’ak |
’akh |
|
mom |
’akh |
’agh |
’ikh |
’akh |
|
momneg |
’ak |
’ikh |
’ik |
’akh |
|
cont |
’akh |
|
|
. |
dic’ah O-n‑’akh,
dic’a#O-n‑’akh
v. (e,e dur ~ mom) ‑‑‑‑Dic’anïn’akh. ʘmf ʘbm ‑‑‑‑Dic’antan’ikh. ʘgh ‑‑‑‑Dic’ane’indinïst’agh. ʘhn
pf with 3sg O.
(1s dic’anïs’agh, 2s dic’anïn‑, 3s dic’aynïn‑,
1d dic’aznïn‑, 1p dic’anïn‑, 2p dic’anïwh‑,
3p dic’aaynïn‑) ‑‑‑‑Dic’anyinïs’agh lic? ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dic’anyinïs’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asnïn’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asinïn’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asaanïn’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dic’aynïn’agh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dic’anïdit’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dic’aznïn’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asnïwh’agh. ʘlm ʘhn
hotsisnï
dic’anï’akh
n. ʘhn
‑ghe#c’-d‑n-D‑’akh v. (e,e
dur) ‑‑‑‑Sighec’aandinït’agh. ʘhn
ha#c’-d‑n-D‑’akh v. (e,e
dur) ‑‑‑‑Hac’indinït’akh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hawec’its’indinïst’ak. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hac’indinït’agh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hawec’indinizunt’ak. ʘhn
c’a#O-n‑l-D‑’akh v. (0,e
dur) ‑‑‑‑C’aabinïgilt’agh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’asnïlt’agh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Naanïhnï c’aweebinizïlt’ak.
’Aadïlhts’iynï weebits’odilhkit. ’Indzoh nits’inïh. (LM/DR)
ne#O-u‑n-l‑’akh v. ‑‑‑‑Neyunïl’agh. (AJ/JK 89 neyunil’agh)
O-n‑’akh v.
cont ‑‑‑‑Ninïn’akh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Nisinïn’akh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Lillian ninïzis’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Diyik ninïzis’agh.
mom ‑‑‑‑Diyik ts’in nïn’akh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hots nïn’akh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Diyik honïs’agh.
so’ O-n‑’akh v.
cont ‑‑‑‑Bidzï so’ ninïn’akh. ʘmf ʘhn ‑‑‑‑So’ niynïz’agh. ʘsa
mom ‑‑‑‑So’ nïïni’akh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑So’ nïneynïn’agh. ʘsa
k’i/k’ë#O-n‑’akh v. k’i
in cont; k’ë in mom; vowel of continuative prefix ni
can be syncopated.
cont ‑‑‑‑K’inisinïn’akh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’inyinta’akh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’inyinu’akh lis. ʘlm
pf (1s k’ininïzis’agh,
2s k’ininïzïn‑, 3s k’iniynïz‑,
1d k’inïsdit‑, 1p k’ints’inïz‑,
2p k’ininïziwh‑, 3p k’inaaynïz‑)
‑‑‑‑K’inisnïz’agh. ʘhn ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’iniynïz’agh. ʘhn ʘlm ʘsa ‑‑‑‑K’inaaynïz’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïzis’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïsdit’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’ints’inïz’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïzïn’agh lic? ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïziwh’agh lic? ʘlm
mom ‑‑‑‑K’ënesinïn’agh. ‑‑‑‑K’ënenïs’agh. ʘsa ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hitsa k’ëneynïn’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑K’ëneyinta’ikh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑K’ënentas’ikh. ʘlm
’akh2
|
dur |
’ikh/’akh |
’agh |
’ikh |
|
h-n‑D‑’akh v. (e,e)
This verb optionally uses the cust stem in impf. ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh
c’aanït’ikh? ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Tiz
nïts ’oh c’aanït’ikh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Lhilco c’aanït’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Bibe nïc’aanït’akh. ‑‑‑‑’Et nïc’aanït’agh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Bibe nïc’aanït’agh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Bibe nïwec’aanïst’ak. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑One o’clock ’et ’awit ’et
nïc’aantat’ikh. Bank widenec’italts’ilh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Yin lhënenit’ikh tiz nïts. ʘib ‑‑‑‑Yin lhënenït’agh. ‑‑‑‑Niwhilh lhënec’aanït’agh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Wi’ets bilh hoc’aanït’agh.
sadzï hinït’ikh n. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑So’ sadzï hinït’ikh k’in’a
niwhilh yelhdic. ʘlm
’agh1
’agh adv. ʘmf ʘbm ‑‑‑‑’Agh ni’it’ën’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Agh lha’izdigegh. ‑‑‑‑’Agh witsanye. ʘlm ʘhn For further
example(s) of ’agh see lhi (under mot).
(w)‑l‑’agh v. (compar)
‑‑‑‑Del’agh ïgguh? ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Ka deol’agh nikës? ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Deol’agh nï’aat’ën’? ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Ool’agh ïyelh! ʘhn
> ’agh c’oh “hurry” see under c’oh1
> ’agh w-d‑gges “work fast” see under gges
> ’agh O-d‑lh-nï “tell O to hurry” see under nï4
> ’agh d-l‑nïh “be in a hurry” see under nïh1
> ’agh widinïh “in a hurry,
quickly”
see
under nïh1
> ’agh bï
nec’inïdzilh
“microwave
oven”
see
under zil1
> (’agh) bï c’it’ësnï “microwave oven” see under t’ës1
’agh2 sg fly; toss rigid
|
cont |
t’agh |
t’agh |
t’agh |
t’agh |
|
contneg |
t’agh |
t’ikh |
t’agh |
t’agh |
|
dur |
t’agh |
t’agh |
t’agh |
t’agh |
|
durneg |
t’agh |
t’ikh |
t’agh |
t’agh |
|
mom |
t’akh |
t’agh |
t’ikh |
t’akh |
|
momneg |
t’ak |
t’ikh |
t’ik |
t’ak |
|
prog |
t’ikh |
|
|
|
|
progneg |
t’ik |
|
|
|
|
cust |
t’ikh |
|
|
|
|
custneg |
t’ik |
|
|
|
D‑’agh v.
prog ‑‑‑‑Ït’ikh. ʘmf ʘbm ‑‑‑‑Dzikh ït’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Nin ïnt’ikh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Neet’ikh.
caus ‑‑‑‑Distl’is yïlht’ikh. ʘmf
cont ‑‑‑‑Nit’agh. ʘmf ʘbm ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nist’agh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nedït’agh. ʘmf
ye t’akh nit’agh n. For example(s) for
ye
t’akh nit’agh
see k’ë (under mot).
yet nit’agh n. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Celh yet nit’agh bï niwilyekh.
ʘmf (LM/DR)
caus ‑‑‑‑Niyilht’agh. ʘlm
cust ‑‑‑‑Nit’ikh.
mom ‑‑‑‑Tit’akh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Hast’agh. ʘaj ‑‑‑‑Yighedït’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Witsatat’ikh. ʘgh ‑‑‑‑Didïnt’akh. ‑‑‑‑Detsan didït’agh. ʘgh (WA/JK 75:20 deetsaan dediit’aagh “he took
off”) ‑‑‑‑Wedït’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Netëst’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Silh hoc’et’agh. (WA/JK 75:20
seɬ hooc’eet’aagh) ‑‑‑‑Alaska ts’ah silh c’itat’ikh.
(WA/JK 75:20 A ts’e seɬ c’etaat’ex) ‑‑‑‑Vancouver
ts’i silh c’itat’ikh. ʘmf
caus ‑‑‑‑Daabidïlht’agh. ʘvg
cust ‑‑‑‑Sc’a hot’ikh.
net’ikh n. ʘaj ʘcd (Dendragapus
canadensis) (CA, AlM/JK 86:9 neet’ax “fool hen”)
Net’ikh prsn. Gidimt’en
chief name.
to k’it hiyï net’ikh n. ʘmf
Nïnts’iy Tat’ikh pn. (Gaz Niints’ay
Tat’ex “Horseshoe Lake’, AJ/JK 86‑2:39 Niints’ay ”wind“ tat’ex
”lands (on lake)")
tit’ikh n. ʘvg ʘlm (AJ, CA/JK 73‑75:17
tet’ex “club”, BCCW tit’ikh “war club”)
l-D‑’agh v.
cont ‑‑‑‑To nilht’agh. ʘlm (LN)
mom ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah tëlht’agh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Tl’ëde’ to tëlht’agh. Tsësde’
bin’ to yik honetsët. ʘsa
ditadïlt’agh n. ʘmf
cust ‑‑‑‑To tilt’ikh. ʘlm
O-lh-D‑’agh v.
dur ‑‑‑‑C’ilht’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Dighil bï c’aalht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Ggï dicin ’awit yilht’agh
lhghenïtic. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’itsit c’ilht’agh. ʘbn ʘbo ‑‑‑‑C’ibe c’ilht’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Wilht’agh. ʘbo ‑‑‑‑Dicin yidilht’agh. Niwhilh hin’et
honlï ’iwtanïlh tah niwhyikh widilht’agh. ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’iznilht’agh.
ʘsm ‑‑‑‑Digï ts’intalht’agh. ʘsm ‑‑‑‑Yïlht’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Dzïhtël yin’ nïlht’agh. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Wec’elht’ikh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑’Adïlhts’iynï hidikë bï yin’
hiwtalht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Dilk’in’ lhëkh ’et, c’it’an dicin
bï hiynilht’agh. ’Usa co bït hontël tl’i biyadïlhdze’ ’ey k’idze hiyït
c’inilht’agh. Nenitgut. ʘlm (LM/DR)
hibighic’ëlt’agh n. ʘmf
dinï zïc be kwin
hilht’agh
n. ʘsm ʘmf also dinï zïc be kwin dilht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Dinï zïc be kwin dilht’agh yidzek
’atagh.
yet wilht’agh n. ʘmf
pass ‑‑‑‑Windinïlt’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Lheydilht’agh. ʘwj
bï c’ilt’agh n. ʘha
Bï Wilt’agh prsn. ʘsa ʘgm Tsayu
chief name.
mom ‑‑‑‑Yiyawnïlht’agh. (CA, MA/JK
86: 27 yeyeoniɬt’aagh “he spanked him”)
pass ‑‑‑‑Wik’iz k’ilt’agh. ʘsa
bï c’itilt’ikh n.
lïlï bibegh
lhic’inïlht’agh
n. ʘvg
cont ‑‑‑‑Dice naandinilht’agh. ‑‑‑‑So’ yuzïlhts’ay dice’
naandilht’agh. ʘwj
O-lh-D‑’agh v.
mom ‑‑‑‑Halhtim’ yez tayindinïht’agh.
ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Hoynïlht’agh. ‑‑‑‑K’iynïlht’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Hawilht’akh.
O-lh-D‑’agh v.
prog ‑‑‑‑Lhic ’ats ïlht’ikh. ʘmf
cont ‑‑‑‑Ggin dinï nisiclht’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Dicin nedïclht’agh.
mom ‑‑‑‑Dus tenïlht’akh. ‑‑‑‑Ts’ac hoyïlht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Lhok hiyï neyunilt’akh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tiz dic’aweclht’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Ntsët yec’itaclht’ikh. ʘmf
refl ‑‑‑‑Ce ult’akh, ce ult’akh. ʘvg (name of cin k’ikh of Wegidimsts’ol)
pass ‑‑‑‑Dicin lhindinïlt’agh hiyï c’izle.
ʘlm (LM/DR)
dicin winïnïlt’agh n. ʘmf
yin k’it
winïc’inïlt’agh
n. ʘmf
Wik’iz C’ëlt’agh pn. (Gaz Wek’ez
C’eelt’aagh “pass”, AJ/JK 86‑2:21 Wek’ez “half” c’eelt’aagh
“cleared ahead w/ axe”)
Nï’ Nets’olt’akh pn. ʘha ʘsa ʘcd ʘgm a Witsët canyon
fishing site. (AJ/JK 86‑2:50 Nii’ neets’oolt’ex “we throw
something behind”)
wewnïlht’agh n. ʘlm
yikh mbïts
wenïlht’agh
n. ʘha ʘsa
yikh u’ats
wenïlt’agh
n. ʘvg
bï lhok ult’akh n. ʘmf
bï c’olt’akh n. ʘha ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Bï c’olt’akh car bï
siclhtan. ʘsa
bï c’onilt’akh n. ʘcd
ledilt’agh n. ʘmf ʘll ‑‑‑‑Lhighistkënï ledilt’agh nïïdilye.
ʘlm (LM/DR) [< le “hand” +
?]
cust ‑‑‑‑Tl’ët dus teyilht’ikh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑C’it’an co ’ey hiyilïz. Bilikhnï
hiyilht’ës. Taayindinilht’ikh. T’ëkh hiyi’alh. ’Aw k’is nts’ën’a hiyilh
’ic’ilh’iyh. ʘlm (LM/DR)
c’itilht’ikh n. ʘmf
dist ‑‑‑‑K’inyilht’agh. ʘmf
tl’a#(w‑)l-D‑’agh v.
cont ‑‑‑‑Yikak nitl’awilt’agh. ʘmf
mom ‑‑‑‑Netl’alt’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Netl’aonïgilt’agh. ‑‑‑‑Tatl’alt’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Netl’anïlt’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Yighetl’awdïlt’agh ’et
lhghenïlggec. ‑‑‑‑’Agh ndinïgildis.
T’ats’inetl’aozigilt’agh, bï nic’ilggeyh bï. ʘsa
cust
lhat tl’awdilt’ikh n. ʘmf
n-D‑’agh v. (cont)
‑‑‑‑Ninit’agh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Oh ninïst’agh. ʘlm
c’-b‑n-D‑’agh v. (cont)
‑‑‑‑Nic’ibinit’agh. ʘlm
tiz#d-l‑D‑’agh v.
cont ‑‑‑‑Nitizdilt’agh. ʘlm
mom ‑‑‑‑Detizdïlt’agh. ʘlm
nin O-t‑lh-D‑’agh v. (0,s
mom) ‑‑‑‑Nin yitëlht’agh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Nin hiytëlht’agh. ʘdr ‑‑‑‑Nin witëzïlht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Nin lhaatëlht’agh. ʘmf ʘdr ‑‑‑‑Hinic k’ët nin tëziclht’agh. ʘbo
ha#w-lh-D‑’agh v. (0,e
mom) ‑‑‑‑Haolht’akh. ‑‑‑‑Haolht’agh. ʘmf
haolt’agh n. ‑‑‑‑Wenin haolt’agh, ’et digï winï.
ʘmf (LM/DR)
‑tse#c’‑(n‑)lh-D‑’agh v.
mom ‑‑‑‑Bitsec’inïlht’akh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Yitsec’elht’agh. (CA, MA/JK
86: 27 yetsiic’eɬt’aagh “he hit O with club”) ‑‑‑‑Nghen tsec’itaclht’ikh. ʘbo ‑‑‑‑Bitsec’inïgilt’agh.
cust ‑‑‑‑Sikh cin diyik hiyï lhok
ha’it’ah, bï lhok ult’akh hiyï hiyghitsec’ilht’ikh. ʘlm (LM/DR)
d-l‑D‑’agh v. (cont)
O-d‑l-D‑’agh v. ‑‑‑‑Dicin dilt’agh. ʘmf
c’idilt’agh n. ʘmf
Dicin Dilt’agh
Kwah
pn. ʘsa (Gaz Decendeɬ telgheeɬ
“Jonas Creek”, AJ/JK 86:42 Decen delht’egh “woodpecker” kwe “ck”)
> ts’akë
c’ic’onilhgut nit’agh
“witch” see under git1
’agh3
dicin nenïlh’agh n. ʘha
’Akhdïnye prsn. ʘsa Likhsilyu
chief name.
’akw’is adv. (pr
’aʹkw’is, ’akw’iʹs) ʘlm ʘaj ʘhn ʘha ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is hoclhnagh. ʘhn For further examples of ’akw’is see c’ey (under O-c’ey);
d3 (under d‑); ggis2 (under
d-lh-ggis); k’in’ (under d-l‑k’in’); ye2
(ikh) (under de#ye).
’akw’it adv. (pr
’aʹkw’it, ’akw’iʹt) ʘlm ʘhn occurs with impf verb. also hakw’it.
‑‑‑‑’Akw’it netisdeyh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Akw’it newilhtiyh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Akw’it ’et nïwizït. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Hakw’it lha’izdinekh. ʘvg
’alh
|
mom |
’alh |
’al |
’ilh |
’alh |
|
momneg |
’atl |
’ilh |
’itl |
’atl |
|
cust |
’ilh |
|
|
|
O‑’alh v. (0,e
mom) frequently occurs with ne# (cyclic activity). ‑‑‑‑Lhok hi’alh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hiyi’alh. ʘmf ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Lemidec hiwh’alh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Lhay ïs’al. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Whis co bimï’ weeyis’alh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hoynïn’al. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’izta’ilh. ʘlm ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Khït tah so’ c’itas’ilh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Bilikh zih us’alh. ʘwj ‑‑‑‑Nec’ist’alh. ʘaj ‑‑‑‑Nec’it’alh. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑C’inïzist’al. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hiytac’idïn’al. ʘgm
Dik’ay Ts’ën’al pn. (Gaz Dek’aay
Ts’en’aal “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:44)
Ts’iskw’akh
Ts’ën’al
pn.
Dziginis Bic’i’alh
K’ët
pn. ʘsa (Gaz Dzigins bec’e’aal K’eet
“camp”, AJ/JK 86‑2:37 Dzigins Bec’e’aalk’eet “where he
eats”)
Midzïh C’i’alh pn. ʘha
bik’its
c’its’i’alh
n. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dzïn ’awit bik’its c’its’ialh bï
’its’endzin. ʘhn (LM/DR)
bilh c’its’i’alh n. ʘhn
c’iwi’alh beyikh n. ʘsa
dilkw’akh hi’alh n. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dilkw’akh hi’alh ’et wit’iy. ʘhn
dinï hi’alh n.
ggikh yi’alh n. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nis widïlhdzilhnï ’enï “ggikh
yi’alh” hiyilhnï. ʘhn (LM/DR)
ïzlhiy wets
c’i’alh
n. ʘhn
pass ‑‑‑‑Lhok bilh hit’alh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑khiyt tat’ilhnï For further
example(s) of pass see yikh (under yikh1).
c’it’alhin n. ʘha
hit’alh n. ʘsa For example(s) for
hit’alh see be’.
bin’ hit’alh n. ʘhn For example(s) for
bin’
hit’alh
see t’as1 (under cust).
t’alh n. ʘhn short form of hit’alh.
‑‑‑‑T’alh ’et sile. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑T’alh newditastkët. ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ dicin lhindinïlt’agh t’alh
hiyï sile. ʘhn (LM/DR)
bï c’it’alh n. ʘha ʘsa ‑‑‑‑dinï bïts bï c’it’alh ʘhn (LM/DR)
dicin bï c’it’alh n. ʘhn
bik’its c’it’alh n. ʘsa
‑tac’idït’al n. ‑‑‑‑bitac’idït’al ʘmf ʘwj ʘgm ‑‑‑‑’anu niwhtac’idït’al ʘsa
cust ‑‑‑‑Dzïtnïts ’et nec’its’it’ilh. ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Ggosoh tsiy hinilht’az, lïggoc
ghïz ’ey bin’ neeyit’ilh. (LM/DR)
‑ghi#O‑’alh v. (?,e)
‑‑‑‑Halht’im’in yez ts’iyewh
yighic’ën’al. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Lhic sighiyïn’al.
‑k’i#O‑’alh
hunter must clean out his rifle. v. ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy
yik’ic’en’al. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy hiyk’ic’ën’al. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nt’ay unityïn wik’ic’ën’al. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Kunye hiyindiniyis tl’i c’ilhtiy
hiyanewilhkic. Hiyk’ic’ën’al. ʘsa
O-d‑n‑’alh v. ‑‑‑‑Yindini’alh.
‑i#O-lh‑’alh v. (mom)
‑‑‑‑Lemidec biztalh’ilh. ʘhn For further example(s) of ‑i#O-lh‑’alh see tl’its1 (under ‑tl’its).
refl ‑‑‑‑Dic’il’alh. ʘmf ʘvg ‑‑‑‑Dinec’il’alh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Lemidec dinel’alh. ʘhn
> t’alh bï sile “pantry” see under le3 (ï)
’alha’ adv. ʘhn
> ’alha’ ’i#d-nï “be right,
correct, tell the truth”
see
under nï4
’alakhde’ adv. ʘmf ʘlm variant of ’elhahde’,
’elikhde’. ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ ’indzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ lha’diclhdzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ lha’dïndzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ lha’dundzïn’. ʘmf For further example(s) of ’alakhde’ see gin1 (under gin).
’alhggikh,
’alhk’ikh
adv. ‑‑‑‑Bizkak ’alhggikh Mabel yin
hiybe unkët. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Alhggikh tanï ts’enlï. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Alhggikh c’idiwhdlïh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Alhggikh ’its’it’ah. ʘhn ʘwj ‑‑‑‑’Alhk’ikh ’idïnïh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Alhk’ikh tanï ts’enlï. ‑‑‑‑’Alhk’ikh ts’iwit’iy.
’Amagginaw’ prsn. Likhts’amisyu
chief name. [from Git ? + ganaa’w “frog”]
’an
‑’an n. ‑‑‑‑c’i’an ʘbm ʘsm ‑‑‑‑C’i’an k’isde. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑cas bi’an ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Sis ’an neon’ay. ʘhn (LM:skak)
Cas ’An pn. ʘsa
detsan ’an k’it n. ʘhn (Juniperus
communis)
’a# vpf. (0,e
mom
pos ‑‑‑‑’Asde. ʘbm ʘgh ‑‑‑‑’Alhc’ëgh. ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑’Adïlhts’enï hibitints’iznïc.
ʘhn (LM:skak)
clf ‑‑‑‑’As’ay. ʘhn also ’asi’ay.
’ac’idïnle n. ʘmf ʘhn ‑‑‑‑ndiggit ’ac’idïnle ‑‑‑‑’Ac’idïnle lisyet, libot ’adïnle.
ʘhn (LM/DR)
libot ’adïnle n. ʘhn
clf-mot ‑‑‑‑’Ac’idïlh’ay. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Adïlhtiy. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Libot, ts’ac ’adïnle. ʘhn (LM/DR)
mot ‑‑‑‑’Anye. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’i’an ’anege. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’i’an ’anel’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hibic’a ’adïltlikh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Atcey. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dinï ’atatceyh. For further
examples of mot see ’agh2 (under dinï
zïc be kwin hilht’agh); dekh2 (under mom); dzek2
(under ‑dzek).
succ ‑‑‑‑Uyik ’aytatsiyh. ʘlm ʘhn
> bïggiz ’aydïn’ay “gasket, washer,
spacer”
see
under eggiz2
> ’a#O-n‑’a/lï “plant sg./pl. O” see under le3 (ï)
> ’Alikh Bin “Sam L.” see under lekh1
> ’a#O-w‑u-lï “ration, save O” see under lï6
> ’a#ye/’as/dïlh “sg./du./pl. go to
feast”
see
under ye5
’Anasggazï n. ʘmf (Jenness Anskaski)
[from Git ansgasgi “where it blocks the way” (RK87)]
’anay exp. (pr
’anaʹy) ʘhn ʘlm ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’anay, lhic! ʘbo
’anihay exp. (pr
’anihaʹy) ʘhn ʘbn ʘbo more emphatic version of ’anihay.
‑‑‑‑’Anihay, dengegh? ʘhn
’anïh adv. ʘbm ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Anïh, ts’inudeyh. ʘhn
’anïlha adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Anïlha ’it’ah. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Anïlha so’ naayï’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Anïlha yudïlhye holh’iy. ʘhn
’anu pro. ʘhn dial variant
of ’inu. ‑‑‑‑’Anu niwhk’idïdikh. ʘwj ʘhn
’anuc pro. ʘib ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Anuc gen ts’idïlhts’iy. ʘlm For further example(s) of ’anuc see nï4 (under pf).
’as
|
cont |
’as |
’az |
’as |
’as |
|
contneg |
’ats |
’is |
’ats |
’ats |
|
mom |
’as |
’az |
’is |
’as |
|
momneg |
’ats |
’is |
’its |
’ats |
|
cust |
’is |
|
|
|
|
custneg |
’its |
|
|
|
|
prog |
’is |
|
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|
|
progneg |
’its |
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‑’as v.
prog ‑‑‑‑Skak silh hë’is. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Neet’is. ʘhn
cont ‑‑‑‑Niwh’as. ʘmf ʘbm ‑‑‑‑Naa’as. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Lhilh nidit’as. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nits’iz’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nuh’as wibe ’oondzin. ʘmf ʘbm ‑‑‑‑Lhilh needïn’az. ʘhn For further example(s) of cont see nic3 (under dïtnic).
mom ‑‑‑‑Deniwh’as. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hibilh witsan’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’ witsawh’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hoen’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Sa’ witsadit’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nyilh todit’as. ʘhn
cust ‑‑‑‑U’in net dzïn lhaa’is. ʘhn
dinï ‑’as v. (mot
cont ‑‑‑‑Dinï nisi’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dinï ni’as. ʘhn
dinï ni’as n. ʘbm
dinï ni’as beyikh n. ʘvg short form dinï ni’as. ‑‑‑‑Dinï ni’as ts’iyenï lhoota’is.
ʘhn (LM/DR)
mom1 ‑‑‑‑Bik’its dinï deta’is. ʘhn
dinï de’as n. ʘbm (CA, AlM/JK 86:5 denii
dee’aas “feast”) ‑‑‑‑Dinï de’as wighec’odlï. ʘhn (LM/DR)
ceyh k’ë#D‑’as v. ‑‑‑‑Ceyh k’ëtadit’is.
lhk’ët ne#D‑’as v. (0,0
mom2) ‑‑‑‑Lhk’ët neent’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Lhk’ët nedit’as. ʘhn
cust1 For example(s) for
cust1 see yï’ (e) (under c’ighineeyïlh).
lh‑’as v.
prog ‑‑‑‑Dïtnic ’oh ïlh’is. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Be’ hiyk’ëlh’is ’awilhyïz, sa’
hileyh tah. ʘhn
caus ‑‑‑‑Hibïclh’is. ʘhn
cont ‑‑‑‑Dïtnic nilh’as. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nisilh’az. ʘhn
dic’ah nilh’as n. ʘsm
lisuc nilh’as n. ʘlm
yin’ nilh’as n. ʘsm
widek lhay nilh’as n. ʘvg
tëtl’akh nilh’as n. ʘhn
mom3 ‑‑‑‑Sim halh’as. ‑‑‑‑Sim halh’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’indec hayïlh’az. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Dïtnic tëlh’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Holh’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dïtnïc kwin’ tëlh’az. For further
example(s) of mom3 see ’an (under mot).
yis k’ilh’as n. ʘhn (Plectrophenax
nivalis)
cust2 ‑‑‑‑Lhic’el’is. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Sis tsëh halh’is ’et zih bik’agh
tl’i bitsiy c’izu’. Sis k’agh tayindinït’as. ’Ey sis ghï’ hiyilhnï. (LM/DR)
c’ebï#lh‑’as v.
prog ‑‑‑‑C’ebïlh’is. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’ebïwelh’its.
c’ebïlh’is n. ‑‑‑‑C’ebïlh’is ’et hoz’ay. ʘlm
mom4 ‑‑‑‑C’ebïlh’az. ʘlm
ka#lh‑’as v.
cont ‑‑‑‑Nikalh’as. ʘhn
mom5 ‑‑‑‑Hokalh’az. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Newilhtiyh takalh’as. ʘhn
cust3 ‑‑‑‑Tëkats’ilh’is. ʘmf ʘlm
’az
‑’az n. (MnA/JK
73‑75:114 se’aaz “my hip”) ‑‑‑‑bi’az ʘmn ʘcd ‑‑‑‑Si’az bilh c’ilts’ilh. ʘhn
> Wi’az Dizes “Wii’aaz diizees” see under zes1
’Azïlen prsn. ʘlm
’asliyez adv. ʘsa ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez sendeh. ʘsa ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez siwhkëh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez dïziwhlhts’iyh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez honye. Witsaneweydel.
ʘib For further example(s) of ’asliyez see të (under lh-tiy). [cf. ‑sliyez
“a little further”]
’at
‑’at n. ‑‑‑‑si’at ʘha ‑‑‑‑bi’at ʘha ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Bi’at winï. ʘhn ʘlm ‑‑‑‑siyez bi’at ʘsa
> ’at#D‑’iy “marry a woman” see under ’iy (e)
> ‑yes’at “daughter-in-law” see under yes’at
’Atnï prsn. ʘmf Gidimt’en
chief name. (Jenness Atneˑ (Bella Coola or Kitl’ope Indian))
’ats dir. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Ats dïnlïh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Lillian bicay ’ats nuuwilyekh.
ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Ats sde. ʘhn
‑’ats p. ‑‑‑‑Niwh’ats ninil’iy’. ʘhn
wi’ats adv. ʘhn forms numbers
11‑19, 21‑29, etc. ‑‑‑‑winïze wi’ats nek ‑‑‑‑tat winïze wi’ats lhk’iy
u’ats n. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑U’ats widitsin. ‑‑‑‑u’ats biziz ʘhn
‑u’ats p. ‑‑‑‑Yu’ats ninil’iy’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Bu’ats bïsen’ëz. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Skë bu’ats c’isiclh’ëz. ʘbm ‑‑‑‑Yikh u’ats widitsin. ʘsa
c’o’ats pp. ‑‑‑‑Dzut c’o’ats bïts’izde. ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’o’ats ditsin. ʘdr ‑‑‑‑c’o’ats detic ʘhn ‑‑‑‑C’o’ats detic widedïlhtan. ʘlm For further examples of c’o’ats see belh (il) (under ‑bel);
wilh (under cust).
’adzit dir. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Niwhdayï co ’adzit siyïn. ʘhn
‑’adzit p. ‑‑‑‑Yi’adzit siyïn. ʘsa
’asdïts dir. ʘhn ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Asdïts niye. ʘhn
’asts’in dir. ‑‑‑‑u’asts’in
’asts’iy dir. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dzilh u’asts’iy c’its’oniyïn.
ʘhn
’at dir. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑“Ts’enik de’ hoz’ay.” “Hoo’,
de’at hoz’ay.” ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Ts’e’at hoz’ay. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Ï’at senyïn. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Nde’at yikh hozdle. ʘhn
’awh dir. ʘmf ʘbm ʘlm less common
variant of ’oh. ‑‑‑‑’Awh nikë. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awh nïnye lic? ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awh nï’it’ën’. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awh ’ent’ah. For further
example(s) of ’awh see ye5 (under ‑ta#n-ye/’as/dïlh).
‑’awh p. ‑‑‑‑Si’awh ninil’iy’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Bi’awh nesiwhggïwh. For further
example(s) of ‑’awh see toka.
’awh adv. ‑‑‑‑’Awh yik’ininilhta. ʘgm ‑‑‑‑Tl’ëde’ ’awh yitsë. ʘbn
hots ’awh adv. variant
of hots ’oh. ‑‑‑‑Hots ’awh, nïdo k’in’a zih lhilh
yets’ildic.
> yikh u’ats
wenïlt’agh
“siding” see under ’agh2
> bï ’ats ’adïn’ay “pit barbecue” see under ’an
> c’o’ats yïsde “outerwear” see under de3
> c’o’ats nelhdic “bedspread” see under dic3
> c’o’ats dzut “overcoat” see under dzut
> C’i’awh Ïkwah “Toboggan Cr.” see under kwah
> C’i’awh Utsewh Bin “Eutsuk L.” see under tsin’
> ’ats
’i-ne#D-ye/’as/dïlh
“sg./du./pl.
use washroom”
see
under ye5
> ’awh “over there, off
to the side”
see
under ’ats
’aw adv. ʘlm ʘhn variant of ’awh.
‑‑‑‑’aw sozï’ ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’aw buzï’ ʘmf ‑‑‑‑’Aw hiyï hiyuzï. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’it’ah. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’indzin. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’iyïnlegh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’ët’ën’. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’igegh. ʘhn ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’itnï. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’en bika tëzisye. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Aw lic ’ent’ah? ʘlm ‑‑‑‑To dïz’ay ’aw ’et, dilkw’akh
winï. ʘlm (LM/DR) For further
examples of ’aw see ’aw; dzec2
(under cust).
’aw1 conj. ‑‑‑‑Dzut utaskëlh ’aw sc’a dïztiy’.
ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Lhots ’ey t’ak’ët tsolnïh. So’
hiyi’alh ’aw bits’in ntsiy’. ʘhn (LM/DR) For further
example(s) of ’aw1 see yïn2 (under cust).
k’is ’aw adj. used
before indefinite (wh‑) nouns; variant of ’aw k’is. ‑‑‑‑K’is ’aw mbï ’et ’aat’ah. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑K’is ’aw ndu nets’ot’alh. ʘsa
> ’awiy “that’s all, only
that”
see
under ’awiy
> ’awey “that’s all, only
that”
see
under ’e
> ’awde’ “already” see under ’awit
’awidzïn adv. For example(s) for
’awidzïn see de3 (under cust). [cf. dzïn
“day”]
> ’awidzïn “always” see under ’awidzïn
’awilha’ adv. ʘhn variant of ’alha’.
> ’awilha’ ’i#d-nï “right, correct,
tell the truth”
see
under nï4
’awilhdzïn adv. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’awilhdzïn tënezdidlï. ʘlm For further example(s) of ’awilhdzïn see lï4 (under cust2). [cf. dzïn
“day”]
> ’awilhdzïn “always” see under ’awilhdzïn
’awilhits adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awilhits zih budiclhye. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Kwile’ ’awilhits ’et nïïnïn’ay.
ʘhn ‑‑‑‑George c’odil’ëkh beyikh
witsanye. ’Awilhits tanï zih skak hibïn’ën’. For further example(s)
of ’awilhits see zut (under naazut).
’awilhyïz adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz ndïdekh. ʘhn For further examples of ’awilhyïz see ’a2 (under cust3);
’as (under prog); tah1 (under with
wh‑ questions); tiy1 (under k’a tiy);
ye5 (under cust).
’awincil,
’awincila, ’awncile adv.
’awincil: ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Awincil gheyt’ah nenyust’ën’.
ʘsa
’awincila: ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awincala sighic’iselh’ay. ʘhn
’awncile: ʘmf ‑‑‑‑’Awncile kwile’ sighiselh’ay.
ʘmf
> ’awinslah “suddenly” see under slah
’awit adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awit honzu. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Et ’awit honzu. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awit so’ ’oondzin. ‑‑‑‑’Awit hoz’ay. ʘgw ‑‑‑‑To k’ët ’awit hoz’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awit cën hoonïnlï’ ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Yikh ’awit sde. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awit c’inïzisdey. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awit we’izdut’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Yedic ’awit wika witsanye. ʘlm For further example(s) of ’awit see dighi (under clf-mot).
’awit1 adv. occurs
with impf verb. ‑‑‑‑’Awit tikës. ‑‑‑‑’Awit tiltlat. ʘbo For further
example(s) of ’awit1 see kat1 (under mom).
dzïn ’awit adv. ‑‑‑‑Dzïn ’awit ghidic’anec’igilyïh.
ʘbn For further examples of dzïn ’awit see ’alh (under bik’its
c’its’i’alh); ggic (under O-n‑lh-ggic); nï4
(under k’inï’#d-nï).
k’ay ’awit adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’awit ’it’ah. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’awit yedic ts’itasyelh.
ʘhn
’awidïwh adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awidïwh ’ats hoyïlhtl’iz. ʘhn
’awitsic adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic hisgïz. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic celh hinlï. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic c’izu’. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic wec’isis’atl. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic nilwis. ʘwj For further example(s) of ’awitsic see nlu (under ‑nlu). [< ’awit
+ tsic “amount”?]
’awde’ adv. ʘlm ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Awde’ lha’aadigegh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awde’ bik’ëtl’a ’et hoz’ay. ʘlm For further examples of ’awde’ see k’as2 (under D-k’as);
tsis1 (a) (under të-ne#w-lh-tsas).
> ’awits’in’a “thus, like this,
correctly, the right way”
see
under ’a3
> ’awit zih “that’s all” see under zih
’awits,
’awots
adv. ʘhn ʘsa ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Smithers ’awits ’igegh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Margaret nyen ’awits hiwit’iy?
ʘwj ‑‑‑‑Tsë Cakh ’awots ’igegh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awots ’oondzin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awots ’itnï. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Awots holh’iy. ʘlm
> ’awitsic “still, not yet” see under ’awit
’awiy pro. ʘlm variant of ’awey.
‑‑‑‑’Awiy silï’. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Duwa tsalic hibighic’itiwhdzïh?
’Aw dikhlenkwil ’awiy silï’. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Ggï ’awiy hiyi’alh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Ey ’awiy zih de’ winï. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Ey ’awiy zih de’ ïs’ën’. ʘlm For further examples of ’awiy see dzec2 (under cust);
ëts (e ï) (under ‑ïts).
> ’awnïgegh “hardly any,
hardly ever”
see
under gegh
> ’awnït’iyh “hardly any,
hardly ever”
see
under ’inït’iyh
’awtoka adv.
(AJ/JK 89:6 atoqa “any old way, in vain, uselessly”) ‑‑‑‑’Awtoka yelhdic. ‑‑‑‑’Awtoka tëzïnye. ‑‑‑‑Tanïstne’ tl’i ’awtoka
nindinildiz. ʘbn For further examples of ’awtoka see dic2 (under ye#t-lh-dic);
nïh1 (under ‑ilh d-l‑nïh); ts’ant’iy. [< ’awit
“now, already, then” + wika “for”]
’ayh n. ʘmf ʘwj ʘbm ʘsm (psd ‑’ay
~ ’ayh) ‑‑‑‑ts’aku ’ayh ʘhn
lhedik tanïlghez
’ayh
n. ʘhn (JG/JK 78:31 ɬedik taneelghez
“rounded snowshoe”; JM, ElM/JK 78:78 lhedik taneelghez gheez
“round s.s.”)
so’ ’ayh n. ʘhn
ts’o yez ’ayh n.
yis ’ayh n. ʘhn (JG/JK 78:31 yis
’ay “rounded snowshoe”)
> bï ’ayh hizdïn’ëz “snowshoe foot
harness”
see
under ’ës2
> ’ayh cin “snowshoe frame,
Douglas maple”
see
under cin1
> ’ayh tl’olh “snowshoe foot
harness, thick babiche”
see
under tl’olh
’e 3rd p. pronoun
’ey pro. ʘmf ʘgh ʘlm ʘkn ‑‑‑‑’ey libot ‑‑‑‑ggï ’ey ʘhn
’awey pro. variant
of ’awiy. ‑‑‑‑Ts’ëlkiy’ ’awey silï’. ‑‑‑‑Tsëh hoyenïclhdic ’ey ’awey zih
bï yeclhdic. ʘhn
yi’ey pro. ʘcd ʘsa ʘgm longer variant
of ’ey.
’eyi’ey pro. ʘgm longest
variant of ’ey.
’en pro. ʘbm ʘmf ʘsm ʘgh ʘaj ‑‑‑‑ggin ’en ʘaj ‑‑‑‑Didinï’ ’en yighiyelhdic. ʘhn
ïn’en pro. variant
of ’en. ‑‑‑‑Binewdïzigilnikh ïn’en. ʘgm
’enï pro. ʘgh ʘmf ‑‑‑‑George gginï cilkë ’enï hibïn’ën’.
ʘhn
’et adv. ʘmf ʘgh ‑‑‑‑’Et hoendïl. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Et ’aayïnlegh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Tsa tsiy c’olilh nï’il’ën’. ’Et
zih bitsiy c’izu’. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’itilhdzikh ’et wighootsis. ʘhn
so’et adv. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑So’et ’oondzin. ʘbm ‑‑‑‑So’et ’ilco ’et bika’niszin. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’et ’iwewdizisnï’. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑So’et c’isiclh’ay. ʘbo For further examples of so’et see ggï1 (under mom);
ggï1 (under mom).
ti’et sub. ‑‑‑‑Be’ ’aatalïlh ti’et c’iyekak
wighi ’aayilh’iyh. ʘib (LM/DR) [< tah “while”
+ ’et “then”]
> ’et nï#O‑’a “contribute O (in
feast hall)”
see
under ’a2
> ’et de’ “in the past, back
then”
see
under de’1
> ’et di-ne#l-dzin “change one’s mind” see under dzin1
’eet exp.
(AJ/JK 88‑2:54 ’et “stop!”)
’elh num. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’elh dzïn ʘhn ’elhidzïn
is longer form. ‑‑‑‑’Elh yis k’it welew silï’. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Elh c’itëztsagh. ʘbo
’elhghin,
’elhighin
num. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Dinï ’elhghin yelhdic. ʘhn For further example(s) of ’elhghin,
’elhighin
see zih.
’elhikh, ’elhoh num. ʘmf ʘbm ʘgh also ’elhi‑.
‑‑‑‑’Elhikh sizkwit. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’elhikh dïdikh lhok ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhikh dzïn neotan’alh. ‑‑‑‑’Elhikh de’ ’et doogegh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Elhide’ ’et doogegh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhoh tl’ët lhighinewzistkwiz.
ʘhn
’elhikhin num. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’elhikhin yikh ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhikhin nïcaanïlye. ʘlm For further example(s) of ’elhikhin see yïn2 (under cust).
> ’elhikh tëz’a “one-piece stock” see under ’a3
> ’elhoh hotiyhon’a “one-way street” see under ’a3
> ’elhidzïn “one day” see under dzïn For example(s) for
’elhidzïn see k’ë (under mot).
’elhahde’,
’elikhde’
adv. ʘmf variants of ’alakhde’. ‑‑‑‑’Elhahde’ lha’dundzïn’. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑’Elikhde’ lha’izdïndzin. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Elikhde’ nghïl k’isendeh. ʘsa For further example(s) of ’elhahde’,
’elikhde’
see ziw2 (under mom).
’elhë’ n. ‑‑‑‑’elhë’ distl’its, ’elhë’istl’is
ʘsa ʘgm For further example(s) of ’elhë’ see dedzï. [compare Dak ’ilho
“one”]
’elhits adv. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits welew silï’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits ’igegh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits nï’aat’ën’. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits nïnenisge. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑To dïz’ay ’et to wenïlïh. ’Elhits
dïz’ay. ʘhn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhok
bizkiy’ ’elhits ’it’iyh. ʘhn (KA) ‑‑‑‑’Elhits nïztiy. (“Wakhaak
got mad and lay down and would not get up. ”itl lutch nees tië. EDIOL
123) For
further examples of ’elhits see ggeyh (under mom);
lïl (under w-lïl); tsiy’2 (under w-tsiy’).
> ’elhits ho#n‑ “can’t stop” see under ho
> ’elhghin “one person” see under ’elh
’elhoh adv. ʘgh ʘmf ‑‑‑‑’Elhoh neztodïlh. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑’Elhoh netodit’as. (JG/JK 73‑75:121
’eeɬoox neetoodet’aas “let’s go back together”)
’elohde’ adv. variant
of ’elhahde’, ’elikhde’. For example(s) for ’elohde’ see cos1 (under cont).
> ’en “he, she, him,
her” see under ’e
> ’enï “they, them” see under ’e
’engha adv. ʘhn ’engga
also attested but less preferred pronunciation. ‑‑‑‑’Engha
Irene church niweyel. ’En wih hiyilh hoc’ënle. ’Adic zih holhëëlye
lhilhtëhts’iy. ʘwj
’engha sub. ‑‑‑‑Yika’nïnzin ’engha yunkët. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Wec’idïsts’ik ’engha nin
bïniclhtsit. ʘsa
’es exp. ʘlm
’et
’etslah adv. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Etslah so’inetgegh. ʘlm [< ’et “there” + ‑slah
“further”]
’etsliyez adv. ʘha ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Etsliyez dizists’ay. ʘha ‑‑‑‑Ggit ’etsliyez lhghinïnïnkwiz.
ʘsa
hin’et adv. ʘmf ʘlm ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Hin’et dezay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hin’et tighis. ‑‑‑‑Hin’et neoonïlhtan. ʘlm For further examples of hin’et see c’ëgh (oh) (under cust);
dil2 (under caus).
> hin’et
niwidilts’it
“changeable
weather”
see
under ts’it2
(e)
> ’et “there, then, that
(time, place)”
see
under ’e
’ets exp. expression
when admiring something cute. ‑‑‑‑’Ets yez, gginï të’ën’ yez. ʘsa
’ets2
wi’ets adv. ʘmf ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Wi’ets siyïn. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Sunye wi’ets yilh’ay. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hida wi’ets holtlikh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Khiyt wenï wi’ets nec’inisle.
ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Hëkwa ’indimenik k’ikh wi’ets
siyïn siniwhlh’ën. (Honour Song)
tsawis’ets n. ʘgh ʘmf (MA/JK 78:63 tsaws’ets
“shade”) ‑‑‑‑Winilwis wic’a tsawis’ets sde.
ʘlm [cf. wi’ets “hidden”]
’ewh1
’ewh exp. ʘgh ʘmf expression of
sympathy. (JG/JK 73‑75:85 ’exw “let it be”) ‑‑‑‑’Ewh, syez ndïsde’.
’ewh2
’Ewh prsn. ʘgm [from Eng]
’eyh1
‑’eyh p. variant
of ‑’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Yi’eyh nïnye. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Bi’eyh nenisge. ʘmf
’eyh2, ’ey
‑’eyh, ‑’ey p. ‑’ey
for some speakers. ‑‑‑‑Nyi’eyh tëzigiltlikh. ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Wi’ey tatëstne’. (AJ/JK 89 ’wiy
tatëstney’) ‑‑‑‑Wi’ey tëzisye.
wi’e#t‑ vpf. (mom
0,s) ‑‑‑‑Bank wi’etëzigilggec. Stsëh
widenec’idïlts’it. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Wi’etëziskwiz. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Wi’etëzïltlikh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Deltsic sunye bï wi’etëzïltlikh?
ʘsa
> ’ey “it” see under ’e
> ’eyi’ey “it” see under ’e
’eyiggï exp. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï, sin halh’az. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï, ggï be’ ts’iyewh sacide
silï’. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï, letl’is nitgit
hadïclhdegh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï sdzï ’indzoh khë lïnlï.
ʘsa For further examples of ’eyiggï see ghïl1 (under dream);
son.
’eyiggïyey exp. more
emphatic version of ’eyiggï.
’ëha,
’ëhë
exp. expression of distaste; variants of ’ïha, ’ïhya,
’ïhyek. ‑‑‑‑’Ëhë, ’onït’ën.
’ëk
tl’o tal’ëk n. (JM/JK
78:60 tl’ogh tal’ëk “yellow warbler”)
’ëlh1 mate
|
rep |
’ëlh |
’ël |
’ëlh |
’ëlh |
|
repneg |
’ëlh |
’ëlh |
’ëlh |
’ëlh |
O-u‑’ëlh v. (rep)
also ‑’elh. ‑‑‑‑Lhoot’ëlh ’enï hibizkak winï.
ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Dinegh bï yu’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Honyunïn’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Yunït’ël. ‑‑‑‑Gginï lhoot’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Misdus c’o’ëlh. (AJ/JK 89:16 mesdus
k’o’éɬ “bull is fornicating”)
c’o’ëlh n. ʘsm ‑‑‑‑niltiw’ c’o’ëlh ʘlm ‑‑‑‑lïggoc c’o’ëlh ʘlm ‑‑‑‑hida co’ëlh ʘlm
’ëlh2 float
|
cont |
’ëlh |
’ël |
’ëlh |
’ëlh |
|
contneg |
’ëtl |
’ilh |
’ëtl |
’ëtl |
|
dur |
’ëlh |
’ël |
’ëlh |
’ëlh |
|
durneg |
’ëtl |
’ilh |
’ëtl |
’ëtl |
|
mom |
’ëlh |
’ël |
’ilh |
’ëlh |
|
momneg |
’ëtl |
’ilh |
’itl |
’ëtl |
|
prog |
’ilh |
|
|
|
|
progneg |
’itl |
|
|
|
|
cust |
’ilh |
|
|
|
‑’ëlh v.
prog ‑‑‑‑Dzikh git ï’ilh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’izegh ï’ilh. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Skak bin k’its hë’ilh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëtl’ats ’et bitsiy bidekh
nï’ilh hiytaayilïh. Hiyindinighit. (LM/DR)
Tsë Widï’ilh pn. ʘsa
cont ‑‑‑‑Lhim ni’ëlh. ʘgh ʘmf ‑‑‑‑Nisi’ël. ʘhn ‑‑‑‑Diz nidi’ëlh. ʘmf For further
example(s) of cont see dekh1 (under ‑dekh).
mom ‑‑‑‑Bidekh nïyi’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Mï’ dik honeni’ilh. Niydilhtl’is.
ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Wiyis bï hon’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah co tin netëst’ël. ʘlm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Tin nïnïn’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Diz bit’anïc’i’ëlh. ʘbn ‑‑‑‑Bit’anïc’i’ëlh. ʘbo ‑‑‑‑Yis tl’i lhim tëz’ël. ‑‑‑‑Tin tan’ël.
C’ile’ T’ots
Ta’ëlh
pn. (Gaz C’eli’t’oots ta’eeɬ, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 c’ele’
t’oots “bark” ta’eeɬ “floats”, AlM, CA/JK 86: 20 c’ele’
t’oots ta’eelh “peeled bark floats”, AlM/JK 86:33 c’ele’ t’oots ta’eeɬ)
diz tidi’ëlh n. ʘlm
lhim netëst’ël n. ʘlm
yighedi’ëlh n. ʘlm
caus ‑‑‑‑Dinegh dik hoynïlh’ël. ʘlm
cust ‑‑‑‑Digï nï’il’ën’ witsëh,
tineeyiggis. C’it’an didï’ilh. Niwhle bï bitac’its’ilïh. ʘlm (LM/DR)
l‑’ëlh v.
prog ‑‑‑‑Hël’ilh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Hida ïl’ilh. Yighebïh wika
’it’ah. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑C’idïl’ilh. ʘlm
bï c’idïl’ilh n. ʘcd
cont ‑‑‑‑Naalh’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Nits’ilh’ël. ʘhn
hiyt’ats nil’ëlh n.
niwil’ëlh k’ët n. ʘlm
wets niwil’ëlh n. ʘlm
mom ‑‑‑‑Lhë’ neel’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Lhim lht’anedi’ëlh. ʘlm
‑i#w‑’ëlh v. (dur)
‑‑‑‑Biwi’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑’Oh biwi’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Siwi’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Biweo’ilh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Lhok nilwit biwi’ëlh ’et k’idze
lhok libuday bïdit’is. ʘlm (LM/DR)
caus ‑‑‑‑Skak tsil biwiclh’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Booclh’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Biwitaclh’ëlh. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Biwewzulh’ëtl. ʘlm
n‑’ëlh v. (e,e
mom) no positive ipfv? ‑‑‑‑Yis nïn’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Tin nïn’ël. ʘlm ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Winïn’ël. ʘlm (AJ/JK 89:7 “snow
starts to go‑‑thaw” AJ) ‑‑‑‑Tiy winïn’ël. ʘsa ‑‑‑‑Yis winïn’ël. ʘkn ‑‑‑‑Hoonïn’ël. ʘlm ‑‑‑‑Wewnïs’ëtl. ‑‑‑‑Winta’ilh.