’

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(ne#)’-d‑D‑ vpf. reflexive direct object. ‑‑‑‑Dus ’iditgges. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Izditgges. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ne’odidzï. ʘ^cm ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is ne’dïzistc’ey. ʘ^cm For further example(s) of (ne#)’-d‑D‑ see ghï² (under pf).

> ’i-d‑d-lh-tiy’ “be conceited, vain” see under tiy’

> de#’-d‑l-ye “pretend to be dead ” see under ye² (ikh)

> ’a# “in hole, feast hall, bury” see under ’an

’a¹

’a n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’A hozdlï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’A welew. ʘ^lm

> ne‑’a#tsët “be foggy” see under tsët¹ (is)

’a² 3D object

neu	’ay	’a’	’alh	’a’~’alh
neuneg	’ah	’al	’atl	’a’~’atl
cont	’a	’ay	’alh	’a’
contneg	’a’	’al	’atl	’a’
mom	’ayh	’ay	’alh	’alh
momneg	’ac	’al	’atl	’atl
cust	’ayh
custneg	’ac
prog	’alh
progneg	’atl

‑’a v. (neu) Some objects that require this root are sdoh stove, bin lake, dzilh mountain, c’it’an leaf, bush, nïmbel tent (if set up), nelhdic blanket (if folded) or sleeping bag (if rolled up), tl’olh rope (if coiled), tl’o hay (if baled), ‑le a hand, ‑nghen a head, sis bear (if toy), hinic message. For example(s) for ‑’a see k’ë (under mot).

s‑ impf ‑‑‑‑Nk’istggiz ’et si’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bin k’it tanïts nu si’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Et wey’ah. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Usa ’et wey’ah. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑’Et ïn’a’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et wey’al. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et ta’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et u’a’ wibe ’oondzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et wes’a’ wibe ’oondzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bï to wik’isi’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëdi hoz’ay? ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑Gidimt’en ’et cin dïz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Uzï bibe ’et yidïz’ay. ʘ^ib ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Ggï bï c’iz’ay yez to hilhtis hiyï yilh’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑So’ wik’ëlhawtalh’elh ts’ihoz’ay. ʘ^lm There’s a chance to pay for it. For further example(s) of s‑ impf see k’it² (under clf).

sunye bï si’ay n. ʘ^lm

tsëghe bï si’ay n.

ts’o bï si’ay n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑bï si’ay ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’o bï si’ay sunye yï silh’ay. ʘ^lm

to dïz’ay n. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa For examples for to dïz’ay see ’aw; ’elhits.

Tak’is’ay pn. (Gaz Tak’es’aay “hill”, AJ/JK‑2 86:20 Tak’es’aay)

Tak’is’ay Ts’anlï pn. unnamed creek. (AJ/JK‑2 86:20 Tak’es’aay ts’anlii)

tsëghe disi’ay n. ʘ^mf

dist ‑‑‑‑Dzilh nidïst’ay. ʘ^lm

lhtinyikhhoz’ay n. ʘ^sa

e‑ impf ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ëhts’iy binghen biydïn’ay. Haayilht’is, nin hooyilhtl’is. Wets’is’alh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Hinic ’et bïïdïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ats ’adïn’ay. ʘ^hn For further example(s) of e‑ impf see t’i (under clf).

bicaydïn’ay n. ʘ^al ʘ^lm

Dudïn’ay pn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa also Tudïn’ay. (Gaz Duudiin’aay “hill/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:12 duudiin’aay “goes along hillside”)

weneyikhwinïn’ay n. ʘ^vg

D‑ quasi-passive derivatives. ‑‑‑‑Dzilh tadït’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bit’ak hadït’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dzilh k’its hawdït’ay. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Tsë hadït’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsë yik hodït’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsë yik hodïlye. ʘ^lm

hadït’ay n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yin hadït’ay wizuh lhits’izkwiz. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of hadït’ay see wegh.

hawdït’ay n. ʘ^wj ʘ^gm

nis widïst’ay n. ʘ^sa

lhts’iwdïst’ay n. ʘ^lm

nebewdïst’ay n.

Tsë Tadït’ay pn. (Gaz Tsee tadiit’aay “ridge/boundary”, Tsee Taadiit’aay (Wah Tah Kwets), Tsee Taadiit’aay (Gooh Tse Awh) “ridge/boundary”, Gaz Tsa Taa Dee Tai “boundary between Gis Day Wah and Smogelgem” “hill/boundary”; AJ/JK 86‑2:29 tsee “rock” T’adiit’ay “extends below”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 tsee tadiit’ay “ridge” “ridge goes into water”, AlM/JK 86:32 Tsee Tadiit’aay “hill”, AJ/JK 86:29 “rock-extends below”)

Yin Lhëdït’ay pn. ʘ^ha (Gaz Yen ɬeediint’aay, Yen ɬeediintay “ridge/boundary”, AJ/JK 86:44 Yen Lheediint’aay “ridges come together”)

Neyisdïnt’ay pn. (Gaz Nee Yes Diint’aay “ridge/range”, AJ/JK 86‑2:32 Neeyes “ridge (yes)” Diint’aay “descending...of small hills”, AJ/JK 89:11 néyesdint’ay “a ridge at Ootsa Lake”)

Nde’ Ditëst’ay pn. (Gaz Nde’ Deteest’aay (Gooh Laht), Nde’ Deteest’aay (Caspit), Nde’ Deteest’aay (Chief Louie) “Sibola Peak” “Sabola Mountain Range” “range”, AJ/JK 86‑2:35 nde’ “downstream” deteest’ay, AJ/JK 86‑2:39 Nde deteest’aay)

caus ‑‑‑‑Sunye lhay yï yilh’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Lhk’iy zih ’et yibe yinïlh’ay. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Diyez be yikh holh’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dik nïlh’ay. ʘ^lm For further examples of caus see diz⁴ (under sem); t’akh¹ (under ‑t’akh).

Ts’o Yik Nïlh’ay pn. (MF/SH; AlM/JK 86:32 ts’oo yek)

bï kë ts’ilh’ay, kë bï ts’ilh’ay n. ʘ^hn ʘ^sa ʘ^sa

‑be w‑’a v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Kaneyetasdlïlh co sbe hoz’ay. ʘ^vg

‑ghe w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Sighe hoz’ay.

‑e#n-l‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Bïnïzigil’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sis k’in’a c’enïlh’ay. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

bïznïlh’ay n. ʘ^lm

‑ghi#O-lh‑’a v.

impf refl (1s ghisigil’ay, 2s ghisel‑, 3s ghiyilh‑, 1d ghisdil‑, 1p ghits’ilh‑, 2p ghisiwhlh‑, 3p ghaayilh‑) ‑‑‑‑Ghisigil’ay. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ghiyilh’ay. ʘ^lm ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ghisdil’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ghits’ilh’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ghisel’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ghisiwhlh’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ghaayilh’ay. ʘ^vg

ghits’ilh’ay n. ʘ^lm

‑ïnï ‑ghi#d‑’a v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Bïnï bighiydïz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nyïnï nghidïz’ay? ʘ^lm

‑ïnï ti#w-d‑lh‑’a/le v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Dïnï tiwidïlh’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ggï hinic niwhënï tiwidïziwhleh. ʘ^lm

ka#w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Bizek wikaoz’ay.

‑k’i#w-d‑’a v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Sk’iwidïz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sk’iwdïz’ay. ʘ^hn

tsa#O-d‑l‑’a v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Tsadïzïl’ay. ʘ^sa

‑ts’i#w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑So’ wik’ëlhawtalhtselh. Bits’ooz’ay. ‑‑‑‑Gabun sts’ooz’ay. Lhay sts’ooz’ay.

‑ts’i#O-w‑lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Vi bits’ooziclh’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sts’oozïlh’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoo’, nts’iwewclh’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Deltsic nts’ooziclh’ay nïnzin? ʘ^lm

‑k’i#n-lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑C’ik’inïlh’ay.

w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Dït dzïn hon’a’. ‑‑‑‑Sa’ wewi’ah. For further example(s) of w‑’a see tlagh (under O-lh-tlagh). [cf. w‑’a, ’i#w‑’a “time is” (active verb with same abstract meaning)]

sa’ hon’a’ adv. ʘ^cm often sa’on’a’. For examples for sa’ hon’a’ see ’usa (under telh ’usa); de³ (under ‑ghi#de); tside’ (under witside’).

‑t’a dzï#l‑’a v. (s,? neu) ‑‑‑‑Bit’a dzïsigil’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wit’a dzïsigil’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wit’a dzïwegil’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lht’a dzïtawhlh’alh. ʘ^lm

O‑’a v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Dïts yï’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïts ïn’alh. ʘ^aj ʘ^dm ‑‑‑‑’Usa sbe ïn’alh. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of prog see ts’ah¹ (under ‑ts’i‑).

hinic ï’alh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

cont ‑‑‑‑Silhtsen dicis ni’a. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑’Usa yibe niyi’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’ah naadïlh tselh naa’a. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Dize ’oh niye. Ndu niwes’a’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Niynïst’ay. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of cont see h¹ (under ‑h).

hinic ni’a n. ʘ^mn

bï kwin nits’i’a n.

bï yedic nits’i’a n. ‑‑‑‑Bï yedic nits’i’a ’aw k’is nts’ë nits’i’a.

dinï zïc be nikwini’a n. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Lemidec yintëz’ay. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Bits’anec’inïn’ayh. ‑‑‑‑Gwe’ilh nts’oon’ay? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dïdikhnï uzï haneeydïnt’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hinic c’izu’ bigheynïn’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sts’ikh dic’anis’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsë wik’ëdïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsë wik’ëdita’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hac’inïn’ay. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Lhinïïndinit’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Slec’ën’ay. K’ëlhaneozigiltsiy. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further examples of mom see ’a³ (under ‑ts’a#c’‑’a); ne¹ (under mot); negh (under ‑negh); yik (under yoh).

wewidïn’ay n. ʘ^mf

nis tëtiy wewidïn’ay, nis detiy wewdïn’ay n. ʘ^lm ʘ^gm

nï’ tëtiy wewidïn’ay n. ʘ^lm

cust¹ ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh det sikh hiyï c’ik’ëne’ayh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

bit’anec’ini’ayh n.

hinic#n‑’ay v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Bighaanicnis’ay. ʘ^lm

lh-u‑D‑’a v. (0,e) lh‑ ~ lhi# for this verb. ‑‑‑‑Bits’alhc’ot’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Usa nelhoot’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Usa nelhot’ay. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ïzlhiy nelhoot’ay. ʘ^sa

ne#c’-n‑’a v. With this verb c’‑ “something” can occur with an overt noun. ‑‑‑‑K’a nec’ini’ayh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy bik’a nec’inïn’ay. ʘ^sa

‑k’ë#O-n‑D‑’a v. (e,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Bik’ëznït’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ënït’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy bini’iyh ’ey hiyk’ënït’ayh. Hiyt’ats c’otsëkh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

k’ë#O-lh‑’a v. (?,s) ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’ilh’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’iselh’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’isiclh’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëc’itaclh’alh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑So’ k’ëwec’isiclh’a’.

w‑’a, ’i#w‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Sa’ wik’ëdik ’iwewis’ac. ʘ^sa [cf. w‑’a “time is” (neuter verb with same abstract meaning)]

cust² ‑‑‑‑Cën ho’ayh bimï’ ndinilk’in’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further example(s) of cust² see dzikh⁴ (under compar).

sa’ ho’ayh adv. ‑‑‑‑sa’ yez ho’ayh ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sa’ we ho’ayh so’ ’iwewidzin. ʘ^sa For further examples of sa’ ho’ayh see nïh³ (under cust); tsay (alh) (under cust).

‑c’ats n-l‑’a/le v. (s,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats nïzigil’ay. ʘ^ha ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Sc’ats nïlh’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Niwhc’ats hinïlhye. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hiyc’ats hinïlhye. ʘ^sa

tse#n‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Tse’alh hiyk’it tsenïlh’ay. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bik’itseznïlh’ay. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

‑le ‑’a v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Bile nis’a. ‑‑‑‑Sile nïn’ah. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Sile niwh’ah. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hibile niwh’ah. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Niwhle nisi’ay. ‑‑‑‑Bile ninesist’ay. ʘ^cm

kwin#n‑’a v. (0,e) n#n ‑‑> nn or n. ‑‑‑‑Yilenekwini’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hiylekwinni’ayh hondinïltitl. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Yilekwinïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Yitakwinïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑We kwin hiti’ayh. ʘ^lm

‑ts’a#w‑’ac, ‑e#w‑’ac v. (mom) This verb has no perfective and is only used in the negative. The stem is uniformly ‑’ac. ‑‑‑‑Sits’awewzïn’ac. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bits’awewzun’ac. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ‑ts’a#w‑’ac, ‑e#w‑’ac see tsic¹ (under ditsic).

O-tawitsiy’ w-d‑’a v. (n,n mom) ‑‑‑‑Hibitawitsiy’ widïnïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Stawitsiy’ wewdizun’atl. ʘ^lm

k’i-ne#w-d‑t-D‑’a v. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑K’inewditent’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’inewditëst’ay. ʘ^lm

‑ne#c’-d‑’a v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Yinec’idita’alh. ‑‑‑‑Yinec’idïn’ay.

dï#O-d‑’a/le v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Dïïbiditalïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïnyidita’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hinic dïdilïh we ’it’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yedic ’awit hinic dïïdilïh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Sts’iyeelhdic ’et wesdeh tah hinic ’et dïïdïn’ay. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

hinic dïdilïh n. ʘ^lm

c’-k’ë#O-d‑’a/le v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ënyidi’ayh.

’et nï#O‑’a v. (n,n mom) ‑‑‑‑Winïze ’et nïïnïn’ay. ʘ^aj ʘ^dm ‑‑‑‑Sdus be ’et nïc’inis’ay. ʘ^lm

tsë#O-d‑’a v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Tsec’aadi’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsec’idïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwilet winïze tseydïn’ay. ʘ^lm

‑k’i-ne#O-t‑’a v. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑C’ik’inec’itëzis’ay. ʘ^lm

‑k’i-tsa#w-d‑’a v. (0,e mom) also sa#. ‑‑‑‑Sis k’itsawdiwh’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nïdo k’itsawdïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Nu’ts’inï k’itsawindinïz’ay.

‑e#d-D‑’a/le v. (n,n mom) ‑‑‑‑Cin ïdïnist’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’edïnt’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’eedïnt’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsagh ïdïnt’ay. ‑‑‑‑Tsagh ïdïlye.

c’-u‑d‑’a/le v. (s,s mom) ‑‑‑‑C’odïzïn’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’odïz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’oodïz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’iyewh c’oodïzle. ʘ^lm

‑k’ë#w‑’a v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Sk’ëon’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Iynïlyegh tl’i sk’ëon’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hiyk’ëc’on’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yik’ëon’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dilhtsen yik’ëon’ay. ʘ^lm

impf with ne#D‑ refl. (1s k’ënewist’ayh, 2s k’ëneont’ayh, 3s k’ënewit’ayh, 1d k’ënets’iwit’ayh, 1p k’ënewidit’ayh, 2p k’ënewiwht’ayh, 3p k’ëneewit’ayh) ‑‑‑‑K’ënewit’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ënewist’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ënewidit’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ënets’iwit’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ëneewit’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ëneont’ayh lec? ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ënewiwht’ayh. ʘ^mf

cust³ ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz sk’ëon’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz dinï lhk’unï hibik’ëon’ayh. ʘ^lm

ne#w‑’a v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Neon’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nets’iwi’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neon’ay. ʘ^lm

Witsuwit’en hinic nets’iwi’ayh beyikh n. ʘ^lm

‑e t-D‑’a v. (0,s mom) object of ‑e is the cutting instrument, usually not expressed. ‑‑‑‑Bile bï yitëst’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sle bï yitëst’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑(Liztiyh) bï yitëzist’ay.

‑ze-ne#n-D‑’a/ne#n-le v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Sizeneniwht’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sizenenït’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nzeneznïnle. ‑‑‑‑Nzenenust’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Të’ën’, ’en so’ sk’ëntsiy’. Sizenenit’ayh k’idze honed(eyh). ʘ^wj

nïdzikh c’a#h-n‑’a v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Nïdzikh c’aani’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nïdzikh c’aanïs’ay.

nï#O-d‑D‑’a v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Hiynïc’idita’alh. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Nïnedïnt’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’ikh nïneydït’ay. ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Nïnec’idït’ay. ʘ^bo ʘ^bn

ts’ez#d‑’a/D-le v.

cont ‑‑‑‑’Oh nits’ezdi’a. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Wibets’ezdïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hats’ezdïn’ay. ʘ^lm [cf. d-ts’ez “(pejorative) goes”]

Wibets’ezdïlïh pn. wretched rather than disliked individuals. (CA/JK 78:76 wibe ts’eezdeelee “Tsezakwa Ck”)

‑k’ë-ts’ez#d‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëts’ezdïn’ay. ʘ^lm

‑’a v.

prog¹ ‑‑‑‑Udohiy yiw ï’alh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Sa ï’alh wighewh nï’aast’ë’n. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh sa ï’alh? ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Sa han’ay. ʘ^sa ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tëz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yik tëz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’isi’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sa yik hon’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sa nen’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Sa honenït’ay. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Sa wiyïn’ay. ʘ^lm (Jenness sa wi’inai “the sun went under something”) ‑‑‑‑Wiyïnet’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Elhidzïn sa nebesi’ay. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Sa tsët ïn’ay. ʘ^lm variation on sa ïn’ay.

sa lhk’ët’ay, lhk’ët’ay n. ʘ^hn ʘ^mf

Sa Wik’is’ay pn. ʘ^lm (AJ/JK 86:47 saa wek’es’aay “sun sets on it”) [< Sa Wik’isi’ay]

sa ïn’ay n. ʘ^sa (DD, ElM/JK 78:24 sa een’ay “new moon”)

cust⁴ ‑‑‑‑’Et sa ha’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yik ho’ayh, wikanec’its’ilïh. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo

Ts’itl’awilh’alh pn. (MnA/JK 78:71 ts’itl’awiɬ’aɬ “hill e of NH” “above Bulkley River” “1 1/2 mi from reserve, just off reserve” AJ/JK 86‑2:42 ts’etl’aweɬ’aaɬ “stick butt over the edge” “lake just north of the ball park”, AJ/JK 86‑2:23 Ts’etl’aaweɬ’aaɬ “put butt over the hill” ben) [< tl’a#w‑’a “buttocks goes”]

Ts’itl’awilh’alh Bin pn. (Gaz Ts’etl’aa Weɬ’aatɬ Ben “lake”)

> c’ibegh si’ay “top edge of basket” see under bekh³

> ’Nin Dïn’ay “Nadina Mt.” see under d²

> bidiydïn’ay “jar lid” see under di⁴

> Guh Dïz’ay “Needle L.” see under gïwh (u)

> Gguh Dïz’ay Kwah “unnamed creek” see under gguh² (ïwh)

> Tsë Gguh Dïz’ay “Bennett Pt.” see under gguh² (ïwh)

> keyikh hoz’ay “town” see under keyikh

> Dinï K’ikh Hoz’ay “Footprints” see under k’ikh¹

> Tsa K’undze Tos’ay “unnamed place” see under k’undze

> Nde’ Ditëst’ay Bighikh “Sibola Mt. area” see under ghikh¹

> Tsë Legh Tas’ay “unnamed lake” see under legh²

> Nulh’ay “Klate L.” see under nu¹

> Ts’in K’it Hoz’ay “unnamed lake” see under ts’in²

’a³ linear extends

neu	’a	’a’	’alh	’a’
neuneg	’ah	’al	’atl	’a’
cont	’a
dist	’a/’a’			.

‑’a v. (neu) Some objects in this category are ts’o spruce (if standing), lho glacier, c’ikwah river. For examples for ‑’a see lhk’i (under lhk’i#); tak’iy (under tat); ts’i (under ext).

e-impf ‑‑‑‑Ts’o hodïn’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ts’o howedï’ah. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hodïn’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Et howedï’al. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Et hodita’alh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Et howeditas’atl. ‑‑‑‑’Et hodu’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Et howedus’a’. ‑‑‑‑Bits’ayïn’a. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Bits’ac’en’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Barrel nis han’a. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Bileyïn’a. ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah hon’a’. ‑‑‑‑Ts’iwinïn’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nï’ ’awin’a. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Wididlin. Widiwdïn’a. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Tsëghe t’idïn’a. ʘ^mf

c’indec bïn’a n.

bïts’ën’a n. [< originally deverbal, cf. ‑ë#de/kë “sg./du wear”, but verb no longer used]

distl’is bïsile hodïn’a n. ʘ^hn

distl’is bïkat hodïn’a n. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

Tsë Hodïn’a pn. ʘ^ha (Gaz Tsee Hodiin’a “cultural site”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 tsee “rock” hodiin’aa “sticks up”)

Tsë Hadïn’a pn. (Gaz Tsaha Deen na “hill”)

Tsë Co Hodïn’a pn. ʘ^sa

Ts’o Co Hodïn’a pn.

nïmbel ts’edik hodïn’a n. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

bicin bits’ayïn’a n. ʘ^hn

hatan’a n.

lhim bït hoon’a n.

tsë bït hoon’a n. also tsë bï hoon’a. ‑‑‑‑Tsë bït hoon’a ’aayïlhtiy.

winïn’a n. ʘ^hn ʘ^sa

Witël K’it Winïn’a pn. (Gaz Weteel K’et Weniin’a (Smogelgem, K’hay La’h) “hill”, AJ/JK 86‑2:15 weteel “wide” k’et “on it” weniin’aa “something is embedded”)

Tl’o Winïn’a pn. (Gaz Tl’ook Woniin’aa “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:20 Tl’ook “?” Woniin’aa “hole in?”)

Winï Tl’o Ghïn’a pn. (Gaz Weniitl’ew ghiin’a “Tachek Mountain”, Wanii Dlogh Hiina, Wanii dlogh hii ne “long hill/boundary”; AJ/JK 86‑2:17 wenii tl’ew “in meadow” ghiin’aa “embedded”)

Misdzï Winïc’ibïn’a pn. (Gaz Mesdzii Wenic’ebiin’aa “camp area”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 Mesdzii “owl” Wenic’ebiin’aa “embedded”)

bilh winïc’en’a n. ʘ^hn

Lhëtl’is Nïc’en’a pn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa

yik widïn’a adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑yik widïn’a netiy ʘ^wj

dik widïn’a adv. ʘ^hn ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dik widïn’a windïzisyilh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dik widïn’a hasisye. ʘ^wj

Lho Tan’a pn. ʘ^ha (Gaz ɬoot Taan’aa “Brian Boru Peak” “peak/boundary”, BS/JK 78:72 lhotan “mt. behind Mo[rice]tow[n]”, AJ/JK 86:43 lhoot “glacier” taan’aa “extends”)

Tl’at Tan’a pn. (Gaz Tl’aat Taan’a “headwaters”, AJ/JK 86‑2:25 tl’aat “headwaters” taan’aa “bay extends”)

lhk’ët’a n. ʘ^ha

lhilen’a n. ʘ^hn ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑ts’aku tl’as lhilen’a (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Liswe lhilen’a hibiyez limalyas talïlh bilikhnï ts’aku ’ey hiyïdïlhts’iy. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

liswe keytl’iw’ c’it’akh ts’itl’as bilh lhilen’a n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Liswe keytl’iw’ c’it’akh ts’itl’as bilh lhilen’a nïdo hozdlï’ wits’in ’ey hiyïdïlhts’iy. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

lhile#lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Ggin lhilec’elh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ts’akë c’ic’onilhgut nit’agh dilhggis ggec lhileyïlh’a. (LM/DR)

n-impf ‑‑‑‑Tin binïonïn’a doh ’oolhco. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Tsë Cakh c’ide’ yen’ nenïn’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bighoonïn’a. ʘ^vg ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bimïs k’it bighoonïn’a. ʘ^sa

wighoonïn’a n. ʘ^vg

lhë’ c’idïnïn’a n. ʘ^hn ʘ^hm

s-impf ‑‑‑‑Bideluh nis si’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Kë bikëntsitl welew. Lhk’isi’a. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nebenïz’a. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Dic, dï ’ey nebesi’a. ʘ^wj

dzilh highooz’a n.

bigheoz’a n. ‑‑‑‑Dï yin kak ts’i honcagh ho’ints’iy, ggï bigheoz’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yin bigheoz’a, ’agh welew talïlh. ʘ^lm

ts’ooz’a n. ʘ^hn ʘ^ha ʘ^sa (JM, ElM/JK 78:79 ts’oz’a “cliff”)

lhighuz’a n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^wj ʘ^cd

’elhikh tëz’a n. ʘ^cd

dist ‑‑‑‑Tl’o ’et nisi’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑To nidïz’a. ‑‑‑‑C’igïwh nisi’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Mbïdi ’et nisiye? Bik’ikh nooz’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bighinooz’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lhighinooz’a. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dicin hondïz’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bitsëghe hondïz’a tl’i siyïn. ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Bits’anc’iz’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bit’indïz’a. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’itansi’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Diyensi’a. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa For further example(s) of dist see lï² (under nenlï).

c’itinsi’a n.

lhtinyikhhost’a’ n. ʘ^sa

nic’iz’a n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^vg

yikh wenï nic’iz’a n. ʘ^vg

caus ‑‑‑‑Hoc’elh’a. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Nik hoc’elh’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Tec’inïlh’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nduwa tewec’elh’a? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Et hayïlh’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoc’idïclh’a. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Dikinic lhk’iweyïlh’ah. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Bidekw’ëts nis yilh’a. ‑‑‑‑Lheynïlh’a. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm For further example(s) of caus see t’i (under lh-t’i#d‑).

’awits’in’a adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Awits’in’a ’indzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awits’in’a ’oondzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awits’in’a nï’ts’ilh’ën’.

hots’in’a adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hots’in’a ’ine’ wik’inewilnic. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dinï hots’in’a so’dïn’a. ʘ^hn [< hots + ’in’a]

dïts’in’a adv. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑U’in siyïn dïts’in’a binesenye. [< dïts + ’in’a]

t’ats’in’a adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a nedïdelh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a nedïntgguh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a niszut. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑T’ats’in’a lhits’izdïl. ʘ^lm [< t’ats + ’in’a] ʘ^lm

nts’ën’a adv. ʘ^hn ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a ’itnï? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a degegh? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a witside’ deondzïn’ nïdo welew? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Pat wits’udilhye’ George nts’ëna town ts’in witsanege. ‑‑‑‑Mabel wika c’odilhkit nts’ën’atah Lillian ’it’ën k’its honye. For further example(s) of nts’ën’a see zï¹ (under impf).

k’ikhin’a adv. ʘ^hn ʘ^mf ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑K’ikhin’a nedïdelh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑K’ikhin’a nizut. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ikhin’a widïnzut. For further examples of k’ikhin’a see c’ats (under ‑c’ats); ggeyh (under mom).

‑k’its’in’a p. ‑‑‑‑Bik’its’in’a sënï welew. ʘ^lm

nisin’a adv. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nisin’a ïnyelh. ʘ^sa

‑k’in’a p. shortenable to k’i‑. For example(s) for ‑k’in’a see ts’ay (etl) (under O-u‑s-lh-ts’ay).

like: ‑‑‑‑To k’in’a dïz’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑To k’idïz’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Niwhk’in’a dinï weylïh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Sis k’in’a yïnïlh’ay. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Yeydïnt’az, ’ey wih taydïnt’az k’in’a. ʘ^gm

in the language of: ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’in’a ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nïdo k’in’a Helen sts’itnï. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Yin ’idïnïh, ’anuc niwhk’in’a. ʘ^lm

tiy#w‑’a v. (ext) ‑‑‑‑Hotiyhon’a. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lhtiyhoz’a. ‑‑‑‑Deniggit nebetiywidïz’a. ‑‑‑‑Nik Lester bits’atiyhon’a. ʘ^sa For further examples of tiy#w‑’a see tsin’ (under tsewh); yegh; yen¹ (under nyets’iyegh).

’elhoh hotiyhon’a n.

newh hotiyhon’a n.

Dzilh Tah Lhtiyhoz’a, Dzilh Tah Lhitiyhoz’a pn. ʘ^sa ʘ^sa (Gaz Dzuɬ ta tii Hoza “trail” “Round Lake to Lake above Lhie tait and east”)

dist ‑‑‑‑nts’ëwh tah tiynooz’a ‑‑‑‑C’ilhggic tiynooz’a. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’adïh tiynooz’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhtiynoost’a.

‑ts’a#c’‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Yits’ac’i’ayh. ‑‑‑‑Yits’ac’ën’ay. ‑‑‑‑Hiyts’ac’i’ayh. ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Bits’ac’en’ayh.

n-t‑’a v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Ntëzis’a. ʘ^sa ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Hintëz’a. ʘ^sa ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Yikh wintëz’a. ‑‑‑‑Centëz’a. ʘ^sa ʘ^ha [cf. h-n‑t‑ “stagger”]

d‑’a/le v. (e,? neu) ‑’a can also be used with plural subjects. ‑‑‑‑Dïn’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dinï dïn’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑So’ dïn’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ hidïnle. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ts’aku hidïn’anï ’enï dzut binedïstghe’ hiyï dïlts’iy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑So’ wedï’ah. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ ïzlhiy hit’enï so’ hidïn’a. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑So’ c’ika’aatat’elh, so’ hidita’alh wenï. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑So’ dïclh’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ nyidïclh’a. ʘ^mf

‑k’its d‑’a/le v. ‑‑‑‑Wik’its dïn’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wik’its wedï’ah. ʘ^lm

‑k’i-ne#c’‑’a v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Bik’ininec’en’ah. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ininec’iz’ay. ʘ^mf

c’ik’ininec’iz’a n.

ho#c’-d‑l‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Hoc’idïl’a. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑’Et hoc’idïl’a. ʘ^hn ʘ^sa

ha#O-lh‑’a v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Dinï hayïlh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Tabï hayïlh’a’. ʘ^hn

ha#w-d‑lh‑’a v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Lhic hawdïlh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’ikawdïlh’a. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’is ndïtnï ka hawdïlh’a? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑K’is ndïtnï ka hawdïlh’a wits’udilhye’. ʘ^hn

w-d‑lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Hots widïlh’a. ‑‑‑‑Hinic yik’its widïlh’a. ‑‑‑‑Hots wewdïlh’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nin wets’iwdïlh’ah. ‑‑‑‑Dine’ yits’iwewdïlh’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’It’ën yits’iwewdïlh’ah.

lh‑’a v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Ggit dicin halh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Et hayïlh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’indec ’et hayïlh’a. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of lh‑’a see ts’il³ (under ts’il).

Talh’a pn. ʘ^sa ʘ^hn (Gaz Taɬ’aa “hill”, AJ/JK 86‑2:33 Taɬ’aa, Jenness taiɬla “swampy place where brush grows in the water”)

Ts’iy Nenïlh’a Kwah pn. ʘ^sa (Gaz Ts’ay Neeniiɬ’aa Kwe “Tsai Creek”, AJ/JK 86:36 Ts’ay Neeniiɬ’aa Kwe “where cottonwood extends to stream”, Jenness tse’tsenilla “much cottonwood coming down the river...an area about 10 miles square at the head of Telkwa River”)

lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Binegh k’iz lheynïlh’a. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Dinegh lhënïlh’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ku’ ’et siwits k’intal’alh wika’nïnzin. “T’ah ntenlelh. Ntsets ts’ënenyinïlhdzit.” ʘ^sa

tse#lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Tetseniclh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ts’itsesiclh’a. ‑‑‑‑Wibetsedïclh’a. ʘ^hn

tl’a#w‑(d‑)lh‑’a v. ‑‑‑‑Ts’itl’awilh’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hotl’awdïlh’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hotl’awdïclh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Tony, nduwa hatl’awdïlh’a? ’Agh c’i dinedïndeyh. ʘ^sa

dist ‑‑‑‑Hatl’anhiwdïlh’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hantl’aniwidïlh’a. ʘ^sa

’Is Lhts’il’a pn. ʘ^sa (AJ/JK 89:15 ’es ts’el’agh “sharp precipice”, Gaz Es ts’elaagh “bluffs”, AJ/JK 86‑2:35 es ts’elaagh “bluff facing”)

> nebeoz’a “bend in road” see under bekh³

> bitiy nebenïz’a “round, circular handle” see under bekh³

> Tsë Hodïn’a Bït “unnamed place” see under ët (e ï)

> kwit leghesi’a “fibula” see under leghe

> C’iles Co Hodïn’a Kwah “Winfield Cr.” see under les

> newh lhiyïtiyhon’a “two-way street” see under lhiyï

> Yen’ Git Nenïn’a “old Hagwilget bridge” see under ne²

> bï c’its’iziz bï to yïn’a “drinking straw” see under ziz¹

> bï lht’ic’ibidïn’a “pin, paper clip” see under t’i

> bï tsëghe lht’indïz’a “bobby pin, barrette, hair clip” see under t’i

> Dzilh Ts’ac Netiy Widïn’a “trail near Tableland Mt.” see under ts’ac

> ulïts’in’a “different, wrong” see under ulïts

’a⁴

dur	’a	’a’	’alh	’a’
durneg	’a’	’al	’atl	’a’

O-lh‑’a v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Ïlh’a. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Wesiclh’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’En hoynïlh’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Weyïlh’al. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dek’a ’aalh’iyh c’ital’alh wenï. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nyitaclh’alh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Wenyitizïclh’atl. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yulh’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Wesolh’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Yinïl’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lhëël’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bighe c’eclh’a’ sbe ’ilyegh. Ts’an bik’ëlhawtaclhtselh. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

refl ‑‑‑‑’Adic ne’dïl’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Adic diyï’ yïlh’a’. ʘ^hn

pass ‑‑‑‑Ïl’a’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Ët’ën’ ïl’a’. Hiybe c’ik’ënec’enle. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bits’ac’elts’itnï hël’a’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Tl’ët witanïhnï hël’a’. ʘ^hn

’a’

cont	’a’	’a’	’a’	’a’
contneg	’a’	’al	’a’	’a’

O-d‑n‑’a’ v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Kw’isil nindinïn’a’ lic? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Niyindinïz’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Neyindinïn’a’. ʘ^hn

fut (1s ninditas’a’, 2s ninditan’a’, 3s niyindita’a’, 1d ninditadit’a’, 1p nits’indita’a’, 2p ninditawh’a’, 3p nayindita’a’) ‑‑‑‑Niyindita’a’.

futneg (1s niwenditizïs’a’, 2s niwenditizïn’a’, 3s niweyinditas’a’, 1d niwenditasdit’a’, 1p niwets’inditas’a’, 2p niwenditizïwh’a’, 3p niweeyinditas’a’) ‑‑‑‑Niweeyinditas’a’.

w-d‑’a’ v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Sa’ nuudi’a’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Sa’ nudi’a’. ʘ^lm

gguz#d‑’a’ v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Duwa nigguzdïn’a’? ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Duwa ggin nigguzdi’a’? ʘ^bn

’abotnï n. (AJ/JK 89:8 abotni “apostle”) [from Fr apôtre]

’adic pro. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm third person reflexive or reciprocal pronoun. For examples for ’adic see ’usdlus; bes (under mom); ges¹ (under caus); nic³ (under k’i‑ (‑ilh) ne-w‑l-nic); t’o’ (under d-t’o’).

reciprocal: ‑‑‑‑Siy so’ ditsic wesaadïnïl. ’Adic zih lhtalhëëlye tl’i holhëëlye. ʘ^wj

reflexive: ‑‑‑‑’Adic zih ’iyïnlegh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’adic zih k’ëletilggïh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑’Adic dineyh niynikiy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Yen’ ’adic ’aayïnlegh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Adic hots’et. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh ’adic hidibe deeynïnle. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hidïdikhnï ’adic ts’iyewh dicin hit’iy. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) [cf. ‑c “only, on one’s own”]

> ’adic dïldis “automatic, semi-automatic gun” see under diz²

’adic’oh exp. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Adic’oh ’et doondzin, ’adic’oh deondzin. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Adic’oh, hida netolggeyh holhtsiyh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Adic’oh lis, siy k’ikh netosge’. (Ndu Ka Wesinïlh’ën? (song))

’Adzics, ’Adzicsgit prsn. ʘ^sa ʘ^sa Likhts’amisyu chief name.

’Ahde’gginaw’ prsn. ʘ^hn ʘ^gm ʘ^sa Tsayu chief name. [from Git ?ax̲dii ganaa’w “without frog”]

’Ahdï’o’ prsn. ʘ^hn ʘ^sa Tsayu chief name.

’Ahdïwigïcs prsn. ʘ^hn Likhsilyu chief name.

’Ahggodimas prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name. (Jenness Axgotdemash, also name of a crest belonging to this chief)

’Ahk’ot prsn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^hn Likhsilyu chief name. (Jenness Axgot (Heartless))

’akh¹

dur	’akh	’agh	’akh	’akh
durneg	’ak	’ikh	’ak	’akh
mom	’akh	’agh	’ikh	’akh
momneg	’ak	’ikh	’ik	’akh
cont	’akh			.

dic’ah O-n‑’akh, dic’a#O-n‑’akh v. (e,e dur ~ mom) ‑‑‑‑Dic’anïn’akh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dic’antan’ikh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Dic’ane’indinïst’agh. ʘ^hn

pf with 3sg O. (1s dic’anïs’agh, 2s dic’anïn‑, 3s dic’aynïn‑, 1d dic’aznïn‑, 1p dic’anïn‑, 2p dic’anïwh‑, 3p dic’aaynïn‑) ‑‑‑‑Dic’anyinïs’agh lic? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dic’anyinïs’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asnïn’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asinïn’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asaanïn’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’aynïn’agh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dic’anïdit’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’aznïn’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’asnïwh’agh. ʘ^lm ʘ^hn

hotsisnï dic’anï’akh n. ʘ^hn

‑ghe#c’-d‑n-D‑’akh v. (e,e dur) ‑‑‑‑Sighec’aandinït’agh. ʘ^hn

ha#c’-d‑n-D‑’akh v. (e,e dur) ‑‑‑‑Hac’indinït’akh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hawec’its’indinïst’ak. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hac’indinït’agh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hawec’indinizunt’ak. ʘ^hn

c’a#O-n‑l-D‑’akh v. (0,e dur) ‑‑‑‑C’aabinïgilt’agh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’asnïlt’agh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Naanïhnï c’aweebinizïlt’ak. ’Aadïlhts’iynï weebits’odilhkit. ’Indzoh nits’inïh. (LM/DR)

ne#O-u‑n-l‑’akh v. ‑‑‑‑Neyunïl’agh. (AJ/JK 89 neyunil’agh)

O-n‑’akh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Ninïn’akh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nisinïn’akh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lillian ninïzis’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Diyik ninïzis’agh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Diyik ts’in nïn’akh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hots nïn’akh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Diyik honïs’agh.

so’ O-n‑’akh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Bidzï so’ ninïn’akh. ʘ^mf ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑So’ niynïz’agh. ʘ^sa

mom ‑‑‑‑So’ nïïni’akh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑So’ nïneynïn’agh. ʘ^sa

k’i/k’ë#O-n‑’akh v. k’i in cont; k’ë in mom; vowel of continuative prefix ni can be syncopated.

cont ‑‑‑‑K’inisinïn’akh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’inyinta’akh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’inyinu’akh lis. ʘ^lm

pf (1s k’ininïzis’agh, 2s k’ininïzïn‑, 3s k’iniynïz‑, 1d k’inïsdit‑, 1p k’ints’inïz‑, 2p k’ininïziwh‑, 3p k’inaaynïz‑) ‑‑‑‑K’inisnïz’agh. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’iniynïz’agh. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑K’inaaynïz’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïzis’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïsdit’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ints’inïz’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïzïn’agh lic? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ininïziwh’agh lic? ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑K’ënesinïn’agh. ‑‑‑‑K’ënenïs’agh. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hitsa k’ëneynïn’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ëneyinta’ikh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑K’ënentas’ikh. ʘ^lm

’akh²

dur

’ikh/’akh

’agh

’ikh

h-n‑D‑’akh v. (e,e) This verb optionally uses the cust stem in impf. ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh c’aanït’ikh? ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Tiz nïts ’oh c’aanït’ikh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhilco c’aanït’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Bibe nïc’aanït’akh. ‑‑‑‑’Et nïc’aanït’agh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bibe nïc’aanït’agh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bibe nïwec’aanïst’ak. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑One o’clock ’et ’awit ’et nïc’aantat’ikh. Bank widenec’italts’ilh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yin lhënenit’ikh tiz nïts. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Yin lhënenït’agh. ‑‑‑‑Niwhilh lhënec’aanït’agh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Wi’ets bilh hoc’aanït’agh.

sadzï hinït’ikh n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ sadzï hinït’ikh k’in’a niwhilh yelhdic. ʘ^lm

’agh¹

’agh adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Agh ni’it’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Agh lha’izdigegh. ‑‑‑‑’Agh witsanye. ʘ^lm ʘ^hn For further example(s) of ’agh see lhi (under mot).

(w)‑l‑’agh v. (compar) ‑‑‑‑Del’agh ïgguh? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ka deol’agh nikës? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Deol’agh nï’aat’ën’? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Ool’agh ïyelh! ʘ^hn

> ’agh c’oh “hurry” see under c’oh¹

> ’agh w-d‑gges “work fast” see under gges

> ’agh O-d‑lh-nï “tell O to hurry” see under nï⁴

> ’agh d-l‑nïh “be in a hurry” see under nïh¹

> ’agh widinïh “in a hurry, quickly” see under nïh¹

> ’agh bï nec’inïdzilh “microwave oven” see under zil¹

> (’agh) bï c’it’ësnï “microwave oven” see under t’ës¹

’agh² sg fly; toss rigid

cont	t’agh	t’agh	t’agh	t’agh
contneg	t’agh	t’ikh	t’agh	t’agh
dur	t’agh	t’agh	t’agh	t’agh
durneg	t’agh	t’ikh	t’agh	t’agh
mom	t’akh	t’agh	t’ikh	t’akh
momneg	t’ak	t’ikh	t’ik	t’ak
prog	t’ikh
progneg	t’ik
cust	t’ikh
custneg	t’ik

D‑’agh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Ït’ikh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dzikh ït’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Nin ïnt’ikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Neet’ikh.

caus ‑‑‑‑Distl’is yïlht’ikh. ʘ^mf

cont ‑‑‑‑Nit’agh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nist’agh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nedït’agh. ʘ^mf

ye t’akh nit’agh n. For example(s) for ye t’akh nit’agh see k’ë (under mot).

yet nit’agh n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Celh yet nit’agh bï niwilyekh. ʘ^mf (LM/DR)

caus ‑‑‑‑Niyilht’agh. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Nit’ikh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Tit’akh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hast’agh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Yighedït’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Witsatat’ikh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Didïnt’akh. ‑‑‑‑Detsan didït’agh. ʘ^gh (WA/JK 75:20 deetsaan dediit’aagh “he took off”) ‑‑‑‑Wedït’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Netëst’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Silh hoc’et’agh. (WA/JK 75:20 seɬ hooc’eet’aagh) ‑‑‑‑Alaska ts’ah silh c’itat’ikh. (WA/JK 75:20 A ts’e seɬ c’etaat’ex) ‑‑‑‑Vancouver ts’i silh c’itat’ikh. ʘ^mf

caus ‑‑‑‑Daabidïlht’agh. ʘ^vg

cust ‑‑‑‑Sc’a hot’ikh.

net’ikh n. ʘ^aj ʘ^cd (Dendragapus canadensis) (CA, AlM/JK 86:9 neet’ax “fool hen”)

Net’ikh prsn. Gidimt’en chief name.

to k’it hiyï net’ikh n. ʘ^mf

Nïnts’iy Tat’ikh pn. (Gaz Niints’ay Tat’ex “Horseshoe Lake’, AJ/JK 86‑2:39 Niints’ay ”wind“ tat’ex ”lands (on lake)")

tit’ikh n. ʘ^vg ʘ^lm (AJ, CA/JK 73‑75:17 tet’ex “club”, BCCW tit’ikh “war club”)

l-D‑’agh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑To nilht’agh. ʘ^lm (LN)

mom ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah tëlht’agh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Tl’ëde’ to tëlht’agh. Tsësde’ bin’ to yik honetsët. ʘ^sa

ditadïlt’agh n. ʘ^mf

cust ‑‑‑‑To tilt’ikh. ʘ^lm

O-lh-D‑’agh v.

dur ‑‑‑‑C’ilht’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dighil bï c’aalht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Ggï dicin ’awit yilht’agh lhghenïtic. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’itsit c’ilht’agh. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑C’ibe c’ilht’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wilht’agh. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Dicin yidilht’agh. Niwhilh hin’et honlï ’iwtanïlh tah niwhyikh widilht’agh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’iznilht’agh. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Digï ts’intalht’agh. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Yïlht’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dzïhtël yin’ nïlht’agh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Wec’elht’ikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Adïlhts’iynï hidikë bï yin’ hiwtalht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Dilk’in’ lhëkh ’et, c’it’an dicin bï hiynilht’agh. ’Usa co bït hontël tl’i biyadïlhdze’ ’ey k’idze hiyït c’inilht’agh. Nenitgut. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

hibighic’ëlt’agh n. ʘ^mf

dinï zïc be kwin hilht’agh n. ʘ^sm ʘ^mf also dinï zïc be kwin dilht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Dinï zïc be kwin dilht’agh yidzek ’atagh.

yet wilht’agh n. ʘ^mf

pass ‑‑‑‑Windinïlt’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lheydilht’agh. ʘ^wj

bï c’ilt’agh n. ʘ^ha

Bï Wilt’agh prsn. ʘ^sa ʘ^gm Tsayu chief name.

mom ‑‑‑‑Yiyawnïlht’agh. (CA, MA/JK 86: 27 yeyeoniɬt’aagh “he spanked him”)

pass ‑‑‑‑Wik’iz k’ilt’agh. ʘ^sa

bï c’itilt’ikh n.

lïlï bibegh lhic’inïlht’agh n. ʘ^vg

cont ‑‑‑‑Dice naandinilht’agh. ‑‑‑‑So’ yuzïlhts’ay dice’ naandilht’agh. ʘ^wj

O-lh-D‑’agh v.

mom ‑‑‑‑Halhtim’ yez tayindinïht’agh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Hoynïlht’agh. ‑‑‑‑K’iynïlht’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hawilht’akh.

O-lh-D‑’agh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Lhic ’ats ïlht’ikh. ʘ^mf

cont ‑‑‑‑Ggin dinï nisiclht’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dicin nedïclht’agh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Dus tenïlht’akh. ‑‑‑‑Ts’ac hoyïlht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Lhok hiyï neyunilt’akh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tiz dic’aweclht’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Ntsët yec’itaclht’ikh. ʘ^mf

refl ‑‑‑‑Ce ult’akh, ce ult’akh. ʘ^vg (name of cin k’ikh of Wegidimsts’ol)

pass ‑‑‑‑Dicin lhindinïlt’agh hiyï c’izle. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

dicin winïnïlt’agh n. ʘ^mf

yin k’it winïc’inïlt’agh n. ʘ^mf

Wik’iz C’ëlt’agh pn. (Gaz Wek’ez C’eelt’aagh “pass”, AJ/JK 86‑2:21 Wek’ez “half” c’eelt’aagh “cleared ahead w/ axe”)

Nï’ Nets’olt’akh pn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^cd ʘ^gm a Witsët canyon fishing site. (AJ/JK 86‑2:50 Nii’ neets’oolt’ex “we throw something behind”)

wewnïlht’agh n. ʘ^lm

yikh mbïts wenïlht’agh n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa

yikh u’ats wenïlt’agh n. ʘ^vg

bï lhok ult’akh n. ʘ^mf

bï c’olt’akh n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bï c’olt’akh car bï siclhtan. ʘ^sa

bï c’onilt’akh n. ʘ^cd

ledilt’agh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^ll ‑‑‑‑Lhighistkënï ledilt’agh nïïdilye. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) [< le “hand” + ?]

cust ‑‑‑‑Tl’ët dus teyilht’ikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’it’an co ’ey hiyilïz. Bilikhnï hiyilht’ës. Taayindinilht’ikh. T’ëkh hiyi’alh. ’Aw k’is nts’ën’a hiyilh ’ic’ilh’iyh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

c’itilht’ikh n. ʘ^mf

dist ‑‑‑‑K’inyilht’agh. ʘ^mf

tl’a#(w‑)l-D‑’agh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Yikak nitl’awilt’agh. ʘ^mf

mom ‑‑‑‑Netl’alt’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Netl’aonïgilt’agh. ‑‑‑‑Tatl’alt’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Netl’anïlt’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yighetl’awdïlt’agh ’et lhghenïlggec. ‑‑‑‑’Agh ndinïgildis. T’ats’inetl’aozigilt’agh, bï nic’ilggeyh bï. ʘ^sa

cust

lhat tl’awdilt’ikh n. ʘ^mf

n-D‑’agh v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Ninit’agh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Oh ninïst’agh. ʘ^lm

c’-b‑n-D‑’agh v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nic’ibinit’agh. ʘ^lm

tiz#d-l‑D‑’agh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nitizdilt’agh. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Detizdïlt’agh. ʘ^lm

nin O-t‑lh-D‑’agh v. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Nin yitëlht’agh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nin hiytëlht’agh. ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Nin witëzïlht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Nin lhaatëlht’agh. ʘ^mf ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Hinic k’ët nin tëziclht’agh. ʘ^bo

ha#w-lh-D‑’agh v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Haolht’akh. ‑‑‑‑Haolht’agh. ʘ^mf

haolt’agh n. ‑‑‑‑Wenin haolt’agh, ’et digï winï. ʘ^mf (LM/DR)

‑tse#c’‑(n‑)lh-D‑’agh v.

mom ‑‑‑‑Bitsec’inïlht’akh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yitsec’elht’agh. (CA, MA/JK 86: 27 yetsiic’eɬt’aagh “he hit O with club”) ‑‑‑‑Nghen tsec’itaclht’ikh. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Bitsec’inïgilt’agh.

cust ‑‑‑‑Sikh cin diyik hiyï lhok ha’it’ah, bï lhok ult’akh hiyï hiyghitsec’ilht’ikh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

d-l‑D‑’agh v. (cont)

naadilt’agh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa

O-d‑l-D‑’agh v. ‑‑‑‑Dicin dilt’agh. ʘ^mf

c’idilt’agh n. ʘ^mf

Dicin Dilt’agh Kwah pn. ʘ^sa (Gaz Decendeɬ telgheeɬ “Jonas Creek”, AJ/JK 86:42 Decen delht’egh “woodpecker” kwe “ck”)

> ts’akë c’ic’onilhgut nit’agh “witch” see under git¹

’agh³

dicin nenïlh’agh n. ʘ^ha

’Akhdïnye prsn. ʘ^sa Likhsilyu chief name.

’akw’is adv. (pr ’aʹkw’is, ’akw’iʹs) ʘ^lm ʘ^aj ʘ^hn ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is hoclhnagh. ʘ^hn For further examples of ’akw’is see c’ey (under O-c’ey); d³ (under d‑); ggis² (under d-lh-ggis); k’in’ (under d-l‑k’in’); ye² (ikh) (under de#ye).

’akw’it adv. (pr ’aʹkw’it, ’akw’iʹt) ʘ^lm ʘ^hn occurs with impf verb. also hakw’it. ‑‑‑‑’Akw’it netisdeyh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Akw’it newilhtiyh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Akw’it ’et nïwizït. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hakw’it lha’izdinekh. ʘ^vg

’alh

mom	’alh	’al	’ilh	’alh
momneg	’atl	’ilh	’itl	’atl
cust	’ilh

O‑’alh v. (0,e mom) frequently occurs with ne# (cyclic activity). ‑‑‑‑Lhok hi’alh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hiyi’alh. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lemidec hiwh’alh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lhay ïs’al. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Whis co bimï’ weeyis’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoynïn’al. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’izta’ilh. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Khït tah so’ c’itas’ilh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bilikh zih us’alh. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Nec’ist’alh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Nec’it’alh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑C’inïzist’al. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hiytac’idïn’al. ʘ^gm

Dik’ay Ts’ën’al pn. (Gaz Dek’aay Ts’en’aal “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:44)

Ts’iskw’akh Ts’ën’al pn.

Dziginis Bic’i’alh K’ët pn. ʘ^sa (Gaz Dzigins bec’e’aal K’eet “camp”, AJ/JK 86‑2:37 Dzigins Bec’e’aalk’eet “where he eats”)

Midzïh C’i’alh pn. ʘ^ha

bik’its c’its’i’alh n. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dzïn ’awit bik’its c’its’ialh bï ’its’endzin. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

bilh c’its’i’alh n. ʘ^hn

c’iwi’alh beyikh n. ʘ^sa

dilkw’akh hi’alh n. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dilkw’akh hi’alh ’et wit’iy. ʘ^hn

dinï hi’alh n.

ggikh yi’alh n. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nis widïlhdzilhnï ’enï “ggikh yi’alh” hiyilhnï. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

ïzlhiy wets c’i’alh n. ʘ^hn

pass ‑‑‑‑Lhok bilh hit’alh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑khiyt tat’ilhnï For further example(s) of pass see yikh (under yikh¹).

c’it’alhin n. ʘ^ha

hit’alh n. ʘ^sa For example(s) for hit’alh see be’.

bin’ hit’alh n. ʘ^hn For example(s) for bin’ hit’alh see t’as¹ (under cust).

t’alh n. ʘ^hn short form of hit’alh. ‑‑‑‑T’alh ’et sile. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑T’alh newditastkët. ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ dicin lhindinïlt’agh t’alh hiyï sile. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

bï c’it’alh n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑dinï bïts bï c’it’alh ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

dicin bï c’it’alh n. ʘ^hn

bik’its c’it’alh n. ʘ^sa

‑tac’idït’al n. ‑‑‑‑bitac’idït’al ʘ^mf ʘ^wj ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑’anu niwhtac’idït’al ʘ^sa

cust ‑‑‑‑Dzïtnïts ’et nec’its’it’ilh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Ggosoh tsiy hinilht’az, lïggoc ghïz ’ey bin’ neeyit’ilh. (LM/DR)

‑ghi#O‑’alh v. (?,e) ‑‑‑‑Halht’im’in yez ts’iyewh yighic’ën’al. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Lhic sighiyïn’al.

‑k’i#O‑’alh hunter must clean out his rifle. v. ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy yik’ic’en’al. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy hiyk’ic’ën’al. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nt’ay unityïn wik’ic’ën’al. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Kunye hiyindiniyis tl’i c’ilhtiy hiyanewilhkic. Hiyk’ic’ën’al. ʘ^sa

O-d‑n‑’alh v. ‑‑‑‑Yindini’alh.

‑i#O-lh‑’alh v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Lemidec biztalh’ilh. ʘ^hn For further example(s) of ‑i#O-lh‑’alh see tl’its¹ (under ‑tl’its).

refl ‑‑‑‑Dic’il’alh. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dinec’il’alh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lemidec dinel’alh. ʘ^hn

> t’alh bï sile “pantry” see under le³ (ï)

’alha’ adv. ʘ^hn

> ’alha’ ’i#d-nï “be right, correct, tell the truth” see under nï⁴

’alakhde’ adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm variant of ’elhahde’, ’elikhde’. ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ ’indzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ lha’diclhdzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ lha’dïndzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Alakhde’ lha’dundzïn’. ʘ^mf For further example(s) of ’alakhde’ see gin¹ (under gin).

’alhggikh, ’alhk’ikh adv. ‑‑‑‑Bizkak ’alhggikh Mabel yin hiybe unkët. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Alhggikh tanï ts’enlï. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Alhggikh c’idiwhdlïh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Alhggikh ’its’it’ah. ʘ^hn ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑’Alhk’ikh ’idïnïh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Alhk’ikh tanï ts’enlï. ‑‑‑‑’Alhk’ikh ts’iwit’iy.

’Amagginaw’ prsn. Likhts’amisyu chief name. [from Git ? + ganaa’w “frog”]

’an

‑’an n. ‑‑‑‑c’i’an ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑C’i’an k’isde. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑cas bi’an ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Sis ’an neon’ay. ʘ^hn (LM:skak)

Cas ’An pn. ʘ^sa

detsan ’an k’it n. ʘ^hn (Juniperus communis)

’a# vpf. (0,e mom

pos ‑‑‑‑’Asde. ʘ^bm ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑’Alhc’ëgh. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑’Adïlhts’enï hibitints’iznïc. ʘ^hn (LM:skak)

clf ‑‑‑‑’As’ay. ʘ^hn also ’asi’ay.

bï ’ats ’adïn’ay n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

’ac’idïnle n. ʘ^mf ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑ndiggit ’ac’idïnle ‑‑‑‑’Ac’idïnle lisyet, libot ’adïnle. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

libot ’adïnle n. ʘ^hn

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑’Ac’idïlh’ay. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Adïlhtiy. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Libot, ts’ac ’adïnle. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

mot ‑‑‑‑’Anye. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’i’an ’anege. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’i’an ’anel’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hibic’a ’adïltlikh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Atcey. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dinï ’atatceyh. For further examples of mot see ’agh² (under dinï zïc be kwin hilht’agh); dekh² (under mom); dzek² (under ‑dzek).

succ ‑‑‑‑Uyik ’aytatsiyh. ʘ^lm ʘ^hn

> bïggiz ’aydïn’ay “gasket, washer, spacer” see under eggiz²

> ’a#O-n‑’a/lï “plant sg./pl. O” see under le³ (ï)

> ’Alikh Bin “Sam L.” see under lekh¹

> ’a#O-w‑u-lï “ration, save O” see under lï⁶

> ’a#ye/’as/dïlh “sg./du./pl. go to feast” see under ye⁵

’Anasggazï n. ʘ^mf (Jenness Anskaski) [from Git ansgasgi “where it blocks the way” (RK87)]

’anay exp. (pr ’anaʹy) ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’anay, lhic! ʘ^bo

’anihay exp. (pr ’anihaʹy) ʘ^hn ʘ^bn ʘ^bo more emphatic version of ’anihay. ‑‑‑‑’Anihay, dengegh? ʘ^hn

’anïh adv. ʘ^bm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Anïh, ts’inudeyh. ʘ^hn

’anïlha adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Anïlha ’it’ah. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Anïlha so’ naayï’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Anïlha yudïlhye holh’iy. ʘ^hn

’anu pro. ʘ^hn dial variant of ’inu. ‑‑‑‑’Anu niwhk’idïdikh. ʘ^wj ʘ^hn

’anuc pro. ʘ^ib ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Anuc gen ts’idïlhts’iy. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ’anuc see nï⁴ (under pf).

’as

cont	’as	’az	’as	’as
contneg	’ats	’is	’ats	’ats
mom	’as	’az	’is	’as
momneg	’ats	’is	’its	’ats
cust	’is
custneg	’its
prog	’is
progneg	’its

‑’as v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Skak silh hë’is. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Neet’is. ʘ^hn

cont ‑‑‑‑Niwh’as. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Naa’as. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lhilh nidit’as. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nits’iz’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nuh’as wibe ’oondzin. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Lhilh needïn’az. ʘ^hn For further example(s) of cont see nic³ (under dïtnic).

mom ‑‑‑‑Deniwh’as. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hibilh witsan’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’ witsawh’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hoen’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Sa’ witsadit’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nyilh todit’as. ʘ^hn

cust ‑‑‑‑U’in net dzïn lhaa’is. ʘ^hn

dinï ‑’as v. (mot

cont ‑‑‑‑Dinï nisi’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dinï ni’as. ʘ^hn

dinï ni’as n. ʘ^bm

dinï ni’as beyikh n. ʘ^vg short form dinï ni’as. ‑‑‑‑Dinï ni’as ts’iyenï lhoota’is. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

mom¹ ‑‑‑‑Bik’its dinï deta’is. ʘ^hn

dinï de’as n. ʘ^bm (CA, AlM/JK 86:5 denii dee’aas “feast”) ‑‑‑‑Dinï de’as wighec’odlï. ʘ^hn (LM/DR)

ceyh k’ë#D‑’as v. ‑‑‑‑Ceyh k’ëtadit’is.

lhk’ët ne#D‑’as v. (0,0 mom²) ‑‑‑‑Lhk’ët neent’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lhk’ët nedit’as. ʘ^hn

cust¹ For example(s) for cust¹ see yï’ (e) (under c’ighineeyïlh).

lh‑’as v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Dïtnic ’oh ïlh’is. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Be’ hiyk’ëlh’is ’awilhyïz, sa’ hileyh tah. ʘ^hn

caus ‑‑‑‑Hibïclh’is. ʘ^hn

cont ‑‑‑‑Dïtnic nilh’as. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nisilh’az. ʘ^hn

dic’ah nilh’as n. ʘ^sm

lisuc nilh’as n. ʘ^lm

yin’ nilh’as n. ʘ^sm

lhay nilh’as n. ʘ^sm ʘ^vg

widek lhay nilh’as n. ʘ^vg

tëtl’akh nilh’as n. ʘ^hn

mom³ ‑‑‑‑Sim halh’as. ‑‑‑‑Sim halh’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’indec hayïlh’az. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dïtnic tëlh’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Holh’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dïtnïc kwin’ tëlh’az. For further example(s) of mom³ see ’an (under mot).

yis k’ilh’as n. ʘ^hn (Plectrophenax nivalis)

cust² ‑‑‑‑Lhic’el’is. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Sis tsëh halh’is ’et zih bik’agh tl’i bitsiy c’izu’. Sis k’agh tayindinït’as. ’Ey sis ghï’ hiyilhnï. (LM/DR)

c’ebï#lh‑’as v.

prog ‑‑‑‑C’ebïlh’is. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’ebïwelh’its.

c’ebïlh’is n. ‑‑‑‑C’ebïlh’is ’et hoz’ay. ʘ^lm

mom⁴ ‑‑‑‑C’ebïlh’az. ʘ^lm

ka#lh‑’as v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nikalh’as. ʘ^hn

mom⁵ ‑‑‑‑Hokalh’az. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Newilhtiyh takalh’as. ʘ^hn

cust³ ‑‑‑‑Tëkats’ilh’is. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

’az

‑’az n. (MnA/JK 73‑75:114 se’aaz “my hip”) ‑‑‑‑bi’az ʘ^mn ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Si’az bilh c’ilts’ilh. ʘ^hn

> Wi’az Dizes “Wii’aaz diizees” see under zes¹

’asac exp. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

’Azïlen prsn. ʘ^lm

’asliyez adv. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez sendeh. ʘ^sa ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez siwhkëh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez dïziwhlhts’iyh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Asliyez honye. Witsaneweydel. ʘ^ib For further example(s) of ’asliyez see të (under lh-tiy). [cf. ‑sliyez “a little further”]

’at

‑’at n. ‑‑‑‑si’at ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑bi’at ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bi’at winï. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑siyez bi’at ʘ^sa

> ’at#D‑’iy “marry a woman” see under ’iy (e)

> ‑yes’at “daughter-in-law” see under yes’at

’Atnï prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name. (Jenness Atneˑ (Bella Coola or Kitl’ope Indian))

’ats dir. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Ats dïnlïh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lillian bicay ’ats nuuwilyekh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Ats sde. ʘ^hn

‑’ats p. ‑‑‑‑Niwh’ats ninil’iy’. ʘ^hn

wi’ats adv. ʘ^hn forms numbers 11‑19, 21‑29, etc. ‑‑‑‑winïze wi’ats nek ‑‑‑‑tat winïze wi’ats lhk’iy

u’ats n. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑U’ats widitsin. ‑‑‑‑u’ats biziz ʘ^hn

‑u’ats p. ‑‑‑‑Yu’ats ninil’iy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bu’ats bïsen’ëz. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Skë bu’ats c’isiclh’ëz. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Yikh u’ats widitsin. ʘ^sa

c’o’ats pp. ‑‑‑‑Dzut c’o’ats bïts’izde. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’o’ats ditsin. ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑c’o’ats detic ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’o’ats detic widedïlhtan. ʘ^lm For further examples of c’o’ats see belh (il) (under ‑bel); wilh (under cust).

’adzit dir. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Niwhdayï co ’adzit siyïn. ʘ^hn

‑’adzit p. ‑‑‑‑Yi’adzit siyïn. ʘ^sa

’asdïts dir. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Asdïts niye. ʘ^hn

’asts’in dir. ‑‑‑‑u’asts’in

’asts’iy dir. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dzilh u’asts’iy c’its’oniyïn. ʘ^hn

’at dir. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑“Ts’enik de’ hoz’ay.” “Hoo’, de’at hoz’ay.” ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ts’e’at hoz’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ï’at senyïn. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nde’at yikh hozdle. ʘ^hn

’awh dir. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^lm less common variant of ’oh. ‑‑‑‑’Awh nikë. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awh nïnye lic? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awh nï’it’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awh ’ent’ah. For further example(s) of ’awh see ye⁵ (under ‑ta#n-ye/’as/dïlh).

‑’awh p. ‑‑‑‑Si’awh ninil’iy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bi’awh nesiwhggïwh. For further example(s) of ‑’awh see toka.

’awh adv. ‑‑‑‑’Awh yik’ininilhta. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Tl’ëde’ ’awh yitsë. ʘ^bn

hots ’awh adv. variant of hots ’oh. ‑‑‑‑Hots ’awh, nïdo k’in’a zih lhilh yets’ildic.

> yikh u’ats wenïlt’agh “siding” see under ’agh²

> bï ’ats ’adïn’ay “pit barbecue” see under ’an

> c’o’ats yïsde “outerwear” see under de³

> c’o’ats nelhdic “bedspread” see under dic³

> c’o’ats dzut “overcoat” see under dzut

> C’i’awh Ïkwah “Toboggan Cr.” see under kwah

> C’i’awh Utsewh Bin “Eutsuk L.” see under tsin’

> ’ats ’i-ne#D-ye/’as/dïlh “sg./du./pl. use washroom” see under ye⁵

> ’awh “over there, off to the side” see under ’ats

’aw adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^hn variant of ’awh. ‑‑‑‑’aw sozï’ ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’aw buzï’ ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Aw hiyï hiyuzï. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’it’ah. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’indzin. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’iyïnlegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’ët’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’igegh. ʘ^hn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’itnï. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Aw ’en bika tëzisye. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Aw lic ’ent’ah? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑To dïz’ay ’aw ’et, dilkw’akh winï. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further examples of ’aw see ’aw; dzec² (under cust).

’aw¹ conj. ‑‑‑‑Dzut utaskëlh ’aw sc’a dïztiy’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhots ’ey t’ak’ët tsolnïh. So’ hiyi’alh ’aw bits’in ntsiy’. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) For further example(s) of ’aw¹ see yïn² (under cust).

k’is ’aw adj. used before indefinite (wh‑) nouns; variant of ’aw k’is. ‑‑‑‑K’is ’aw mbï ’et ’aat’ah. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑K’is ’aw ndu nets’ot’alh. ʘ^sa

> ’awiy “that’s all, only that” see under ’awiy

> ’awey “that’s all, only that” see under ’e

> ’awde’ “already” see under ’awit

’awidzïn adv. For example(s) for ’awidzïn see de³ (under cust). [cf. dzïn “day”]

> ’awidzïn “always” see under ’awidzïn

’awilha’ adv. ʘ^hn variant of ’alha’.

> ’awilha’ ’i#d-nï “right, correct, tell the truth” see under nï⁴

’awilhdzïn adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’awilhdzïn tënezdidlï. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ’awilhdzïn see lï⁴ (under cust²). [cf. dzïn “day”]

> ’awilhdzïn “always” see under ’awilhdzïn

’awilhits adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awilhits zih budiclhye. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Kwile’ ’awilhits ’et nïïnïn’ay. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑George c’odil’ëkh beyikh witsanye. ’Awilhits tanï zih skak hibïn’ën’. For further example(s) of ’awilhits see zut (under naazut).

’awilhyïz adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz ndïdekh. ʘ^hn For further examples of ’awilhyïz see ’a² (under cust³); ’as (under prog); tah¹ (under with wh‑ questions); tiy¹ (under k’a tiy); ye⁵ (under cust).

’awincil, ’awincila, ’awncile adv.

’awincil: ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Awincil gheyt’ah nenyust’ën’. ʘ^sa

’awincila: ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awincala sighic’iselh’ay. ʘ^hn

’awncile: ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Awncile kwile’ sighiselh’ay. ʘ^mf

> ’awinslah “suddenly” see under slah

’awit adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awit honzu. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Et ’awit honzu. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awit so’ ’oondzin. ‑‑‑‑’Awit hoz’ay. ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑To k’ët ’awit hoz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awit cën hoonïnlï’ ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Yikh ’awit sde. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awit c’inïzisdey. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awit we’izdut’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Yedic ’awit wika witsanye. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ’awit see dighi (under clf-mot).

’awit¹ adv. occurs with impf verb. ‑‑‑‑’Awit tikës. ‑‑‑‑’Awit tiltlat. ʘ^bo For further example(s) of ’awit¹ see kat¹ (under mom).

dzïn ’awit adv. ‑‑‑‑Dzïn ’awit ghidic’anec’igilyïh. ʘ^bn For further examples of dzïn ’awit see ’alh (under bik’its c’its’i’alh); ggic (under O-n‑lh-ggic); nï⁴ (under k’inï’#d-nï).

k’ay ’awit adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’awit ’it’ah. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’awit yedic ts’itasyelh. ʘ^hn

’awidïwh adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awidïwh ’ats hoyïlhtl’iz. ʘ^hn

’awitsic adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic hisgïz. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic celh hinlï. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic c’izu’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic wec’isis’atl. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic nilwis. ʘ^wj For further example(s) of ’awitsic see nlu (under ‑nlu). [< ’awit + tsic “amount”?]

’awde’ adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Awde’ lha’aadigegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awde’ bik’ëtl’a ’et hoz’ay. ʘ^lm For further examples of ’awde’ see k’as² (under D-k’as); tsis¹ (a) (under të-ne#w-lh-tsas).

> ’awits’in’a “thus, like this, correctly, the right way” see under ’a³

> ’awit zih “that’s all” see under zih

’awits, ’awots adv. ʘ^hn ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Smithers ’awits ’igegh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Margaret nyen ’awits hiwit’iy? ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Tsë Cakh ’awots ’igegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awots ’oondzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awots ’itnï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Awots holh’iy. ʘ^lm

> ’awitsic “still, not yet” see under ’awit

’awiy pro. ʘ^lm variant of ’awey. ‑‑‑‑’Awiy silï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Duwa tsalic hibighic’itiwhdzïh? ’Aw dikhlenkwil ’awiy silï’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ggï ’awiy hiyi’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ey ’awiy zih de’ winï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ey ’awiy zih de’ ïs’ën’. ʘ^lm For further examples of ’awiy see dzec² (under cust); ëts (e ï) (under ‑ïts).

> ’awnïgegh “hardly any, hardly ever” see under gegh

> ’awnït’iyh “hardly any, hardly ever” see under ’inït’iyh

’awtoka adv. (AJ/JK 89:6 atoqa “any old way, in vain, uselessly”) ‑‑‑‑’Awtoka yelhdic. ‑‑‑‑’Awtoka tëzïnye. ‑‑‑‑Tanïstne’ tl’i ’awtoka nindinildiz. ʘ^bn For further examples of ’awtoka see dic² (under ye#t-lh-dic); nïh¹ (under ‑ilh d-l‑nïh); ts’ant’iy. [< ’awit “now, already, then” + wika “for”]

’ayh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^wj ʘ^bm ʘ^sm (psd ‑’ay ~ ’ayh) ‑‑‑‑ts’aku ’ayh ʘ^hn

lhedik tanïlghez ’ayh n. ʘ^hn (JG/JK 78:31 ɬedik taneelghez “rounded snowshoe”; JM, ElM/JK 78:78 lhedik taneelghez gheez “round s.s.”)

so’ ’ayh n. ʘ^hn

ts’o yez ’ayh n.

yis ’ayh n. ʘ^hn (JG/JK 78:31 yis ’ay “rounded snowshoe”)

> bï ’ayh hizdïn’ëz “snowshoe foot harness” see under ’ës²

> ’ayh cin “snowshoe frame, Douglas maple” see under cin¹

> ’ayh tl’olh “snowshoe foot harness, thick babiche” see under tl’olh

’e 3rd p. pronoun

’ey pro. ʘ^mf ʘ^gh ʘ^lm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’ey libot ‑‑‑‑ggï ’ey ʘ^hn

’awey pro. variant of ’awiy. ‑‑‑‑Ts’ëlkiy’ ’awey silï’. ‑‑‑‑Tsëh hoyenïclhdic ’ey ’awey zih bï yeclhdic. ʘ^hn

yi’ey pro. ʘ^cd ʘ^sa ʘ^gm longer variant of ’ey.

’eyi’ey pro. ʘ^gm longest variant of ’ey.

’en pro. ʘ^bm ʘ^mf ʘ^sm ʘ^gh ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑ggin ’en ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Didinï’ ’en yighiyelhdic. ʘ^hn

ïn’en pro. variant of ’en. ‑‑‑‑Binewdïzigilnikh ïn’en. ʘ^gm

’enï pro. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑George gginï cilkë ’enï hibïn’ën’. ʘ^hn

’et adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑’Et hoendïl. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Et ’aayïnlegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tsa tsiy c’olilh nï’il’ën’. ’Et zih bitsiy c’izu’. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’itilhdzikh ’et wighootsis. ʘ^hn

so’et adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’et ’oondzin. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑So’et ’ilco ’et bika’niszin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’et ’iwewdizisnï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’et c’isiclh’ay. ʘ^bo For further examples of so’et see ggï¹ (under mom); ggï¹ (under mom).

ti’et sub. ‑‑‑‑Be’ ’aatalïlh ti’et c’iyekak wighi ’aayilh’iyh. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) [< tah “while” + ’et “then”]

> ’et nï#O‑’a “contribute O (in feast hall)” see under ’a²

> ’et de’ “in the past, back then” see under de’¹

> ’et di-ne#l-dzin “change one’s mind” see under dzin¹

’eet exp. (AJ/JK 88‑2:54 ’et “stop!”)

’elh num. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’elh dzïn ʘ^hn ’elhidzïn is longer form. ‑‑‑‑’Elh yis k’it welew silï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Elh c’itëztsagh. ʘ^bo

’elhghin, ’elhighin num. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dinï ’elhghin yelhdic. ʘ^hn For further example(s) of ’elhghin, ’elhighin see zih.

’elhikh, ’elhoh num. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^gh also ’elhi‑. ‑‑‑‑’Elhikh sizkwit. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’elhikh dïdikh lhok ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhikh dzïn neotan’alh. ‑‑‑‑’Elhikh de’ ’et doogegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Elhide’ ’et doogegh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhoh tl’ët lhighinewzistkwiz. ʘ^hn

’elhikhin num. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’elhikhin yikh ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhikhin nïcaanïlye. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ’elhikhin see yïn² (under cust).

> ’elhikh tëz’a “one-piece stock” see under ’a³

> ’elhoh hotiyhon’a “one-way street” see under ’a³

> ’elhidzïn “one day” see under dzïn For example(s) for ’elhidzïn see k’ë (under mot).

’elhahde’, ’elikhde’ adv. ʘ^mf variants of ’alakhde’. ‑‑‑‑’Elhahde’ lha’dundzïn’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Elikhde’ lha’izdïndzin. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Elikhde’ nghïl k’isendeh. ʘ^sa For further example(s) of ’elhahde’, ’elikhde’ see ziw² (under mom).

’elhë’ n. ‑‑‑‑’elhë’ distl’its, ’elhë’istl’is ʘ^sa ʘ^gm For further example(s) of ’elhë’ see dedzï. [compare Dak ’ilho “one”]

’elhits adv. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits welew silï’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits ’igegh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits nï’aat’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhits nïnenisge. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑To dïz’ay ’et to wenïlïh. ’Elhits dïz’ay. ʘ^hn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhok bizkiy’ ’elhits ’it’iyh. ʘ^hn (KA) ‑‑‑‑’Elhits nïztiy. (“Wakhaak got mad and lay down and would not get up. ”itl lutch nees tië. EDIOL 123) For further examples of ’elhits see ggeyh (under mom); lïl (under w-lïl); tsiy’² (under w-tsiy’).

> ’elhits ho#n‑ “can’t stop” see under ho

> ’elhghin “one person” see under ’elh

’elhoh adv. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Elhoh neztodïlh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Elhoh netodit’as. (JG/JK 73‑75:121 ’eeɬoox neetoodet’aas “let’s go back together”)

’elohde’ adv. variant of ’elhahde’, ’elikhde’. For example(s) for ’elohde’ see cos¹ (under cont).

’emjemilus n. ʘ^mf ʘ^mf

> ’en “he, she, him, her” see under ’e

> ’enï “they, them” see under ’e

’engha adv. ʘ^hn ’engga also attested but less preferred pronunciation. ‑‑‑‑’Engha Irene church niweyel. ’En wih hiyilh hoc’ënle. ’Adic zih holhëëlye lhilhtëhts’iy. ʘ^wj

’engha sub. ‑‑‑‑Yika’nïnzin ’engha yunkët. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Wec’idïsts’ik ’engha nin bïniclhtsit. ʘ^sa

’es exp. ʘ^lm

’et

’etslah adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Etslah so’inetgegh. ʘ^lm [< ’et “there” + ‑slah “further”]

’etsliyez adv. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Etsliyez dizists’ay. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Ggit ’etsliyez lhghinïnïnkwiz. ʘ^sa

hin’et adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hin’et dezay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hin’et tighis. ‑‑‑‑Hin’et neoonïlhtan. ʘ^lm For further examples of hin’et see c’ëgh (oh) (under cust); dil² (under caus).

> hin’et niwidilts’it “changeable weather” see under ts’it² (e)

> ’et “there, then, that (time, place)” see under ’e

’ets exp. expression when admiring something cute. ‑‑‑‑’Ets yez, gginï të’ën’ yez. ʘ^sa

’ets²

wi’ets adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wi’ets siyïn. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sunye wi’ets yilh’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hida wi’ets holtlikh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Khiyt wenï wi’ets nec’inisle. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hëkwa ’indimenik k’ikh wi’ets siyïn siniwhlh’ën. (Honour Song)

tsawis’ets n. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf (MA/JK 78:63 tsaws’ets “shade”) ‑‑‑‑Winilwis wic’a tsawis’ets sde. ʘ^lm [cf. wi’ets “hidden”]

’ewh¹

’ewh exp. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf expression of sympathy. (JG/JK 73‑75:85 ’exw “let it be”) ‑‑‑‑’Ewh, syez ndïsde’.

’ewh²

’Ewh prsn. ʘ^gm [from Eng]

’eyh¹

‑’eyh p. variant of ‑’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Yi’eyh nïnye. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bi’eyh nenisge. ʘ^mf

’eyh², ’ey

‑’eyh, ‑’ey p. ‑’ey for some speakers. ‑‑‑‑Nyi’eyh tëzigiltlikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wi’ey tatëstne’. (AJ/JK 89 ’wiy tatëstney’) ‑‑‑‑Wi’ey tëzisye.

wi’e#t‑ vpf. (mom 0,s) ‑‑‑‑Bank wi’etëzigilggec. Stsëh widenec’idïlts’it. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Wi’etëziskwiz. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Wi’etëzïltlikh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Deltsic sunye bï wi’etëzïltlikh? ʘ^sa

> ’ey “it” see under ’e

> ’eyi’ey “it” see under ’e

’eyiggï exp. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï, sin halh’az. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï, ggï be’ ts’iyewh sacide silï’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï, letl’is nitgit hadïclhdegh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Eyiggï sdzï ’indzoh khë lïnlï. ʘ^sa For further examples of ’eyiggï see ghïl¹ (under dream); son.

’eyiggïyey exp. more emphatic version of ’eyiggï.

’ëha, ’ëhë exp. expression of distaste; variants of ’ïha, ’ïhya, ’ïhyek. ‑‑‑‑’Ëhë, ’onït’ën.

’ëk

tl’o tal’ëk n. (JM/JK 78:60 tl’ogh tal’ëk “yellow warbler”)

’ëlh¹ mate

rep	’ëlh	’ël	’ëlh	’ëlh
repneg	’ëlh	’ëlh	’ëlh	’ëlh

O-u‑’ëlh v. (rep) also ‑’elh. ‑‑‑‑Lhoot’ëlh ’enï hibizkak winï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dinegh bï yu’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Honyunïn’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yunït’ël. ‑‑‑‑Gginï lhoot’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Misdus c’o’ëlh. (AJ/JK 89:16 mesdus k’o’éɬ “bull is fornicating”)

c’o’ëlh n. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑niltiw’ c’o’ëlh ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑lïggoc c’o’ëlh ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑hida co’ëlh ʘ^lm

’ëlh² float

cont	’ëlh	’ël	’ëlh	’ëlh
contneg	’ëtl	’ilh	’ëtl	’ëtl
dur	’ëlh	’ël	’ëlh	’ëlh
durneg	’ëtl	’ilh	’ëtl	’ëtl
mom	’ëlh	’ël	’ilh	’ëlh
momneg	’ëtl	’ilh	’itl	’ëtl
prog	’ilh
progneg	’itl
cust	’ilh

‑’ëlh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Dzikh git ï’ilh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’izegh ï’ilh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Skak bin k’its hë’ilh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëtl’ats ’et bitsiy bidekh nï’ilh hiytaayilïh. Hiyindinighit. (LM/DR)

Tsë Widï’ilh pn. ʘ^sa

cont ‑‑‑‑Lhim ni’ëlh. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nisi’ël. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Diz nidi’ëlh. ʘ^mf For further example(s) of cont see dekh¹ (under ‑dekh).

mom ‑‑‑‑Bidekh nïyi’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Mï’ dik honeni’ilh. Niydilhtl’is. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Wiyis bï hon’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah co tin netëst’ël. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Tin nïnïn’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Diz bit’anïc’i’ëlh. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Bit’anïc’i’ëlh. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Yis tl’i lhim tëz’ël. ‑‑‑‑Tin tan’ël.

C’ile’ T’ots Ta’ëlh pn. (Gaz C’eli’t’oots ta’eeɬ, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 c’ele’ t’oots “bark” ta’eeɬ “floats”, AlM, CA/JK 86: 20 c’ele’ t’oots ta’eelh “peeled bark floats”, AlM/JK 86:33 c’ele’ t’oots ta’eeɬ)

diz tidi’ëlh n. ʘ^lm

lhim netëst’ël n. ʘ^lm

yighedi’ëlh n. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Dinegh dik hoynïlh’ël. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Digï nï’il’ën’ witsëh, tineeyiggis. C’it’an didï’ilh. Niwhle bï bitac’its’ilïh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

l‑’ëlh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Hël’ilh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hida ïl’ilh. Yighebïh wika ’it’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’idïl’ilh. ʘ^lm

bï c’idïl’ilh n. ʘ^cd

cont ‑‑‑‑Naalh’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nits’ilh’ël. ʘ^hn

hiyt’ats nil’ëlh n.

niwil’ëlh k’ët n. ʘ^lm

wets niwil’ëlh n. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Lhë’ neel’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhim lht’anedi’ëlh. ʘ^lm

‑i#w‑’ëlh v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Biwi’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Oh biwi’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Siwi’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Biweo’ilh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhok nilwit biwi’ëlh ’et k’idze lhok libuday bïdit’is. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

caus ‑‑‑‑Skak tsil biwiclh’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Booclh’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Biwitaclh’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Biwewzulh’ëtl. ʘ^lm

n‑’ëlh v. (e,e mom) no positive ipfv? ‑‑‑‑Yis nïn’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tin nïn’ël. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Winïn’ël. ʘ^lm (AJ/JK 89:7 “snow starts to go‑‑thaw” AJ) ‑‑‑‑Tiy winïn’ël. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yis winïn’ël. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hoonïn’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wewnïs’ëtl. ‑‑‑‑Winta’ilh.

> c’idïl’ilh tl’olh “cork line, net stick rope” see under tl’olh

> c’idïl’ilh tsë’ “net sinker, net stone” see under tsë³

’ëlh³ fell

conc	’ëlh	’ël	’ëlh	’ëlh
concneg	’ëtl	’ilh	’ëtl	’ëtl
cont	’ëlh	’ël	’ëlh	’ëlh
contneg	’ëtl	’ilh	’ëtl	’ëtl

n‑’ëlh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nini’ëlh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dicin ts’iyewh lhë’ nini’ëlh. ʘ^sa

nic’inïz’ël n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nic’inïz’ël dicin yin’ dïzle. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Nic’inilh’ëlh. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nic’aanilh’ëlh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dicin naaynilh’ëlh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Siy ’et nic’inïziclh’ël. ʘ^lm

dicin ninilh’ëlh n. ʘ^lm For example(s) for dicin ninilh’ëlh see kw’is² (under kw’is ditl’ol).

conc

caus ‑‑‑‑Nec’inïlh’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nec’inïziclh’ël. ‑‑‑‑Nec’intalh’ëlh. ʘ^lm

dist ‑‑‑‑Nenc’inïziclh’ël. ʘ^lm

’ëlhë

’ëlhësts’in n. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Ëlhësts’in si’ay. ʘ^sa

’ëlikh n. (CA/JK 73‑75:94 ’eelex “seal”, CA, MA/JK 86:3 ’eelax “hair seal”) [from Git iilx̲ “hair seal” (RK87)]

’ëlikha n. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf

’ën¹ see

neu	’ën	’ën’	’ëlh	’ën’
neuneg	’ën	’ën	’ëtl	’ën’
dur	’ën	’ën’	’ëlh/’elh	’ën’
durneg	’ën’	’ël	’ëtl/’etl	’ën’
cont	’in	’in/’ën	’in	’in
contneg	’in	’ël	’in	’in
mom	’ëyh/’iyh	’ën	’ëlh	’ën’
momneg	’ëc	’ël	’ëtl	’ën’
cust	’iyh

O‑’ën v. (e,e dur) ‑‑‑‑Nis c’ë’ën. (JG/JK 78:39 nis c’e’en) ‑‑‑‑Ïs’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ïn’ën’. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sis ïn’ën’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yïn’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hiyïn’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neyït’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’ nenyïst’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’ neniwhëst’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ts’oont’iy’ nents’iyït’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ts’oont’iy’ neniwhts’ët’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Adic ne’dït’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ne’indinïst’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nelhëwht’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nelhnïwht’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Nelhts’itat’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nenyust’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Neniwhost’ën’. ʘ^hn ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Neniwhts’ot’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nents’iyut’ën’. ʘ^hn

impf (1s ïs’ën, 2s ïn’ën, 3s O ï’ën, 1d ïdit’ën, 1p ts’ë’ën, 2p ïwh’ën, 3p O hë’ën) ‑‑‑‑Ïs’ën. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yï’ën. ʘ^lm ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ïn’ën. ʘ^aj ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ïdit’ën. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ts’ë’ën. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Hiyï’ën. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ïwh’ën. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh ho’ën.

impfneg with c’‑ “something, anything”. (1s wec’isës’ën’, 2s wec’isën‑, 3s wec’ës‑/wec’es‑, 1d wec’ësdit’ën’/wec’esdit’ën’, 1p wec’its’ës‑, 2p wec’isëwh‑, 3p wec’ëës‑/wec’ees‑) ‑‑‑‑Wec’isës’ën’. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’ësdit’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wec’esdit’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’its’ës’ën’. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’ës’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wec’es’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’ëës’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wec’ees’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’isën’ën’. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’isëwh’ën’. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

pfneg with ho‑ areal. (1s wewis’ël, 2s weon’ël, 3s wewi’ël/weo’ël, 1d wewdit’ël/weodit’ël, 1p wets’oo’ël/wets’iwi’ël, 2p weoh’ël, 3p weewi’ël/weoo’ël) ‑‑‑‑Wewis’el. ‑‑‑‑Siy digï ntëzistat. Digï wets’e’ël. ʘ^gm

C’o’ën K’ët pn. ʘ^lm (Gaz C’oo’een K’eet “hill”, AJ/JK 86:37 c’oo’een k’eet “look out”)

pass ‑‑‑‑Ït’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy yilh ït’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hët’ën. ʘ^lm For further examples of pass see let’iy (under ‑let’iy); tl’akh (under tëtl’akh).

lhghen’ bï c’ët’ën n. ‑‑‑‑Lhghen’ bï c’ët’ën ’ey tsawilhggis hiyinïts niye.

cust ‑‑‑‑Sis ’et yi’iyh. ʘ^lm

bini’iyh n. ʘ^ha ʘ^cd ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑c’inisnï bini’iyh ʘ^ha ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑c’inï’nï bini’iyh ʘ^ha ʘ^lm ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Bini’iyh yik’aynïlhtan. ʘ^cd For further example(s) of bini’iyh see ’a² (under ‑k’ë#O-n‑D‑’a).

mom ‑‑‑‑Bigheynis’ën. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of mom see gidi (under gidi#).

sa k’ineytët’ën’ n. ʘ^lm

pass

bï hitit’iyh, bï yitit’iyh n. ʘ^cd ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bï yitit’iyh zul neyilht’ic. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of bï hitit’iyh, bï yitit’iyh see ts’in¹ (under ts’in).

c’ilhtiy bï yitit’iyh n. ʘ^lm

w‑’ën v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Ho’ën. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Hos’ën.

impfneg (1s wewzïs’ën’, 2s wewzïn’ën’, 3s weos’ën’/wewis’ën’, 1d weosdit’ën’/wewzïdit’ën’, 1p wets’oos’ën’, 2p wewzïwh’ën’, 3p weeos’ën’ën’/weewis’ën’) ‑‑‑‑Wewzïs’ën’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dinï tiy weos’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Weosdit’ën’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Wewzïn’ën’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Wewzïwh’ën’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Wets’oos’ën’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Weeos’ën’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Weewis’ën’. ʘ^bm

weos’ën’, wewis’ën’ n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ʘ^lm

dzïtnïts hos’ën’ n. ʘ^lm (Otus kennicottii) (JG/JK 78:15 dzeeneets hos’e’n “screech owl”) [< dzïtnïts wewis’ën’? “it can’t see at noon”]

nis ho’ënin, nis ho’ën n. ʘ^sa ʘ^ha ʘ^lm (BCCW nisc’e’en “seer, forecast the future”)

pass ‑‑‑‑Hot’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tëkh hot’ën. ‑‑‑‑Binïwh hot’ën. ʘ^lm

ha#y‑’ën v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Hayis’iyh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hayïs’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑I peeked.

‑ka#y-t‑’ën v. (e,e neu) ‑‑‑‑“Skaytën’ën?” “Hoo’, nkaywetës’ën.” ‑‑‑‑Lhic yikaytë’ën. Bikë dilhggis tl’i lhiyil. ‑‑‑‑Yikaytën’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bikaytëdit’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hiykaytë’ën. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ‑ka#y-t‑’ën see ka¹ (under ka(#)).

Lhiyil Hats’iyti’iyh pn. ʘ^sa (AJ/JK 86‑2:29 ɬeyel “goat” haats’eete’aayh “we look for”)

O-t‑lh‑’ën v. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑C’itilh’iyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Cit’iclh’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Wec’itiziclh’ec. ‑‑‑‑C’itëzïlh’ën. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of O-t‑lh‑’ën see legh² (under ‑ce legh).

O-u‑t-lh‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑Yutëlh’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sootëlh’ën. ʘ^mf

Tac’its’olh’ën pn. ʘ^ha ʘ^bo (Gaz Tac’etse’holɬeen “camp site”)

Tac’its’olh’ën Bin pn. (Gaz Tac’ets’ehoɬ’een Ben “Tagetochlain Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:36 Tac’ets’exoɬ’een “where we watch game” Ben, AJ/JK 86:24 tac’ets’oɬ’een “L. w/ of Frances Lake”, Jenness tagitsoxlen “the place where the hunter watches for caribou to swim across”.)

Tac’its’olh’ën Kwah pn. (Gaz Tac’ets’ehoɬ’een Kwe “Tagetochlain Creek”, AJ/JK 86‑2:36 Tac’ets’exoɬ’een “where we watch game” Kwe)

pass

c’otël’ën n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa

‑e#w-d‑D‑’ën v. (e,e neu¹) ‑‑‑‑Wewdït’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsët yin k’it wewdït’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sëwdït’ën. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nyïwdït’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tiy lhim bï wewewdïst’ën’. ʘ^lm

‑e#w-d‑lh‑’ën v. (e,e neu²) ‑‑‑‑Hiyïwdïlh’ën. ʘ^lm (LN) ‑‑‑‑Bïwdïwhlh’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wewdïlh’ën. ‑‑‑‑Bïwewdïclh’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bïwewdïclh’ël. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wewdïclh’ën.

wewdïlh’ën n. For example(s) for wewdïlh’ën see de³ (under ‑ti-ne#D-de/kë).

yin hiyïwdïlh’ën n. ʘ^lm

pass ‑‑‑‑Cis yin tah bï wewdïl’ën. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Yin k’ënzit we bïwdïl’ën. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Yin k’ëdekh hibïwdïl’ën. ʘ^sa

bï wewdïl’ën n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑dicin bï wewdïl’ën

bï c’ewdïl’ën n. ʘ^lm

bï distl’is yïwdïl’ën n. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

wewdïl’ën n.

dï#w-d‑l‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑Dïwdïgil’ën. ‑‑‑‑Dic’ah nits’iye tah dïts’iwdïl’ën. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

O-n‑lh‑’ën v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Nïclh’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Hoonïlh’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Skwin’ nentagil’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’inil’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nduwa wesinïlh’ën? For further example(s) of O-n‑lh‑’ën see k’iz (under ‑nek’iz).

impf with c’‑ “something”. (1s c’iniclh’ën, 2s c’inïlh’ën, 3s c’inïlh’ën, 1d c’inidil’ën, 1p c’iznïlh’ën, 2p c’iniwhlh’ën, 3p c’aanïlh’ën) ‑‑‑‑C’iniclh’ën. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’inidil’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’iznïlh’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’inïlh’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’aanïlh’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’inïlh’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’iniwhlh’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yinïlh’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Winïlh’en. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ints’iynïlh’ën. ‑‑‑‑Ne’indinil’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhts’inil’ën. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Binïts ne’ts’indinil’ën. ʘ^lm

Sa Nïlh’ën prsn. ʘ^mf ʘ^cd ʘ^lm Gidimt’en chief name.

sa k’inewnil’ën n. ʘ^sa

pass

bï winil’ën n. ʘ^ha

newilnic bï nil’ën n. ʘ^sa

yebegh bï winil’ën n. (LM/DR)

c’inil’ën n. ‑‑‑‑C’inil’ën ts’itasyelh. ʘ^sa

bï c’inil’ën, bik’it c’inil’ën n. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

ne#O-n‑l‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑Neebinïl’ën.

cust ‑‑‑‑Dik sa neynil’iyh. ʘ^lm (LN) ‑‑‑‑Neebaanil’iyh. ʘ^lm

u-D‑’ën v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Kwandoh ut’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ulïts ut’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ulïts ut’ën wesës’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ey wih c’e c’otkët bï c’otkët. Kwandoh tah ut’ën tl’i ulïts ut’ën. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Dinï kwandoh hot’ën. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of u-D‑’ën see ulïts (under ‑ghulïts).

‑di#u-D‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑Cas diweut’ën. ‑‑‑‑Bidits’otat’ën.

impf (1s ‑dust’ën, 2s ‑dunt’ën, 3s ‑dut’ën, 1d ‑dudit’ën, 1p ‑dits’ot’ën, 2p ‑duht’ën, 3p ‑doot’ën) ‑‑‑‑Bidust’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bidudit’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bidits’ot’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bidunt’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Biduht’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nyidut’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Misdzï dut’ën. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nyidoot’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhdoonït’ën. ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’in’a yelhdic dut’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Netakilh doot’ën. ‑‑‑‑Mabel bilhtsen bidunt’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhic halho’ dut’ën. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Biduznït’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dewnït’ën? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’olilh doot’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et dut’ën ’iyïlhdzin. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Ndï lhdulht’ën. ʘ^lm

‑ilh u-l‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑’Aw mbï yilh ul’ën’ gheytah. ʘ^lm

’o#n-D‑’ën v. (e,e neu) ‑‑‑‑’Onïnt’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Onït’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑“Gginï ’oonït’ën. Hoots’et. Weebuzïwhlhts’ay. Din ’en skiy ze’ hin ’aayilhnï uzï talhcilh.” ʘ^lm

‑ghe#c’‑’ën v. (e,?) ‑‑‑‑Nghec’ës’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bighec’its’ë’ën. ‑‑‑‑Yighec’ë’ën. ‑‑‑‑Ghenec’ët’ën. ‑‑‑‑Sghec’ëwh’ën. ʘ^lm

pass ‑‑‑‑Bighec’et’ën. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Bigheec’ët’ën.

O-d‑lh‑’in v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Niydilh’in.

w-lh‑’in v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Noolh’in. ‑‑‑‑Hibilh noolh’in. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nooziclh’ën. ‑‑‑‑Hibilh nooziclh’in. ʘ^lm

> c’ilhtiy bï yitit’iyh bighiyiz’ay “scope bonnet” see under ghi

> wewis’ën’nï bï hibighidlï “pension for the blind” see under lï⁴

’ën²

‑be ’i#w-l‑’ën v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Bibe ’iwil’ën. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dus bibe ’iwil’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Witsëhde’ bibe ’iwil’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bibe ’iwewil’ën. ʘ^lm

‑ne-ca#w-l‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑Binecawil’ën.

të#l‑’ën v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Tël’ën. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tëwel’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tëgil’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Singhen tënil’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tëwil’ën hozlï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tëts’il’en. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Të’dïl’ën. ʘ^lm

’ën³

ko#O-l‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑Kol’ën. (AJ/JK 89:7 qol’en) ‑‑‑‑Kohlh’ën.

caus ‑‑‑‑Kochlh’ën.

’ën’¹

të#’ën’ v. ‑‑‑‑Të’ën’. ʘ^aj ʘ^dm ‑‑‑‑Binïn tëni’ën’. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of të#’ën’ see ’ets.

’ën’²

conc	’ën’	’ën’	’ën’	’ën’
conc	t’ën’	t’ën’	t’ën’	t’ën’
concneg	’ën’	’ël	’ën’	’ën’
concneg	t’ën’	t’ël	t’ën’	t’ën’
mom	’ën’	’ën’	’elh	’ën’
mom	t’ën’	t’ën’	t’elh	t’ën’
momneg	’ën’	’el	’etl	’ën’
momneg	t’ën’	t’el	t’etl	t’ën’
cust	’iyh
cust	t’iyh

nï‑’i#O-lh‑’ën’ v. (0,s conc) ‑‑‑‑Lhok nï’ilh’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhok nï’ts’ilh’ën’. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Nï’aayilh’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhok bï nï’tawhlh’ën’ nedï git bïdïziwhlhts’iyh. ʘ^lm (KA) ‑‑‑‑Hida, sis, cas, niltiw’, widzïh, lhiyil dïndzin, hibïwnigit. Bighits’enlï hiney nï’ts’ilh’ën’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

refl ‑‑‑‑Lhanï ’et daat’iyh hoonïgen tah. Nï’we’aadilh’ën’ tah, hin’et niwesye’ hilhëkh. ʘ^gm

pass

bighewh nï’c’il’ën’ n. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa

lidap bik’it nï’c’il’ën’ n. ʘ^sa

lhok bik’its nï’il’ën’ n. ʘ^lm

nï‑’i#D‑’ën’ v. (0,s conc) ‑‑‑‑Nï’ist’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Ne’dït’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Nï’iwest’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nï’west’ën’ silï’. ʘ^lm

impf (1s nï’ist’ën’, 2s nï’ent’ën’, 3s nï’it’ën’, 1d nï’dit’ën’, 1p nï’ts’it’ën’, 2p nï’iwht’ën’, 3p nï’aat’ën’) ‑‑‑‑Nï’it’ën’. ʘ^mn ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nï’aat’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nï’ent’ën’. ʘ^hm (CA, MA/JK 86:25 saa’ ni’eent’ee’n “you are a slow worker”) ‑‑‑‑Nï’iwht’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nï’ist’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nï’dit’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nï’ts’it’ën’. ʘ^hm

yikh sile bï nï’ts’it’ën’ n. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

bï nï’wit’ën’ n. ʘ^lm

bï nï’wit’ën’ bï sile n. ʘ^lm

bï nï’wit’ën’ bïyizle n. ʘ^lm

bï nï’wit’ën’ zis n. ʘ^lm

bighewh nï’wit’ën’ n. ʘ^lm

c’-ki-nï‑’i#D‑’ën’ v. ‑‑‑‑Dicin tah c’ikinï’wit’ën’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Cën khiyt wenï c’ikinï’aadit’ën’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

c’ikinï’it’ën’ n. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑C’ikinï’it’ën’ ’enï ’awit c’ilhtiy hit’iy. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’olilh tsa ha ’aat’ah. C’ikinï’wit’ën’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

nï‑’i#w-D‑’ën’ v. (0,s conc) ‑‑‑‑Hin’et nï’wit’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et nï’oost’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bibe nï’wit’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sbe nï’oost’en’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sa’ tatëstne’, binegh nï’wit’ën’. ʘ^lm

binegh nï’wit’ën’ n. ʘ^lm ʘ^bn ʘ^bo

‑k’i-nï‑’i#D‑’ën’ v. ‑‑‑‑Celh k’inï’ent’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Celh k’inï’it’ën’. ʘ^kn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Niwhnilhyekh hibik’inï’iwht’ën’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Skak hinic hiyk’inï’it’ën’nï tah sa’ haane. ʘ^lm (LM) ‑‑‑‑Naaniltin tah wik’inï’aat’ën’ ’enï so’ dinï henlï hilhëkh. ʘ^gm

ceyh k’i-nï‑’i#D‑’ën’ v. ‑‑‑‑Ceyh k’inï’dit’ën’.

‑k’i-nï‑’i#D-D‑’ën’ v. ‑‑‑‑K’inï’endit’ën’.

ne‑’i#w-d‑D‑’ën’ v. ‑‑‑‑Yin kak ne’widït’ën’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yin kak ne’widitat’ëlh. Wika tsëohlï’ ʘ^sa

ha‑’i#D‑’ën’ v. (0,e) ‑‑‑‑Lhawh tah ha’oot’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Nïsdïts ha’ëët’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hinic tabï nïlhdze’ bilh ha’ëst’ën’. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ha‑’i#D‑’ën’ see nïh² (under w-n‑lh-nïh).

tso ha‑’i#D‑’ah v. (conc⁴) ‑‑‑‑Tso ha’ist’ën’. Nïlh’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tso ha’ist’ën’ ’engha ’igegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tso ha’sist’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tso ha’sist’ën’. Neclht’agh.

lha‑’i#D‑’ën’ v. (?,s

prog ‑‑‑‑Nis ts’i lha’ët’ëlh. ʘ^mf

conc¹ ‑‑‑‑Yin kak ïnde’ ’oh lha’ist’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ninïzislel ’oh lha’oost’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Lha’iwest’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïdikhnï lha’iweyt’el. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Ninilelh ’oh lha’iwit’iyh. ʘ^lm

w-e‑’i#d-D‑’ën’ v. (e,e mom) ‑‑‑‑We’dït’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑We’iwdït’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑We’iwezdïst’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh we’aaditat’elh? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑We’izditat’elh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’awit we’izdut’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑K’ay ’awit wene’izdudit’ën’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑We’izdït’ën’ gen lhilh yets’ildic. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Sa’ we’aadït’iyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Skak bilikhnï haelht’im’ we’aadït’iyh, c’izu’ hitalïlh tah. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nesisdide tl’i k’idze we’dïst’iyh. ʘ^gm

> c’ide’ nï’it’ën’ wikinic “eulogy” see under hinic

> nï’west’ën’nï bï hibighidlï “disability pension” see under lï⁴

’ën’³, ’ah do

dur	’ah/’iw	’ën’	’ëlh	’ah
durneg	’ën’	’ël	’ëlh	’ën’
cust	’iyh
custneg	’ic
prog	’ëlh

’i#O-lh‑’ah v. (0,e) This verb serves as the customary form of ’i#O-lekh.

prog ‑‑‑‑Hiditsëghe’ kwandoh ’aayïlh’ëlh. ʘ^lm

dur ‑‑‑‑Ndu ’ilh’ah? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ndu ’elh’ah? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Tsë ’ilh’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tin ’ilh’ah. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑tin ’ilh’ahnï ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Iclh’ah. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Tl’o ’iclh’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndu ’ëclh’ën’? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ndu ’iwets’ilh’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Liztiyh bï ’itaclh’ëlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ho’iznïlh’ën’. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of dur see de² (under de#).

lhok ’aalh’ah n. ʘ^vg

pass

tsë ’il’ah n. ʘ^lm

ts’akë ’il’ah n. ʘ^lm (pl ts’aku ’il’ahnï)

cust¹ ‑‑‑‑Hiyilh ’ic’ilh’iyh. C’itinaayidzeyh, bilh tsoc’ilnïh wenï ’indzin. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Balhats ’aatalïlh ’usa co hiyïts tazil ’ilh’iyh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Cën wilhëkh ’awit ts’iyenï lhok nï’aayilh’ën’. Khiyt wenï ’aayilh’iyh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further examples of cust¹ see ’a⁴ (under O-lh‑’a); diw³ (under bï c’intildoh); dï³ (under kwandoh); titl (under distl’is diltitl); to (under c’ito’).

pass ‑‑‑‑Lemidec bilh ’ic’il’iyh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Hida tsiy ’aw k’is nts’ën’a bï ’ic’il’iyh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Cin hibibe ’il’iyh. Hiyï dinedïdeyh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

’i#d-l‑’ah v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Dinï kwis silï’ kwis yu yï wika ’idil’ah. (LM/DR)

cust ‑‑‑‑Skak ’aadïl’iyh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Ndide ’idïl’iyh. ʘ^wj For further example(s) of cust see dekh² (under cont).

’i#D‑’ah v. (0,e) ’i# can be replaced by de# “how, what”.

prog ‑‑‑‑Dzïn ’awh lhile ’ëst’elh. ʘ^lm

lhawh ’ët’elh n. ʘ^mn ʘ^vg

dur ‑‑‑‑’It’ah. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^mn ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑’Aat’ah. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑’Iwht’ah. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Mbïdi ’ent’ah? ʘ^sa ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Mbïdi ’aat’ah? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Mbïdi ’it’iw? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Mbïdi ’it’ah? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Siy hin ’ist’iw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ats nendelh. Mbïdi ’ent’ah? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Snic to ’it’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Itast’elh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Yu hin ’it’iw. Biyu’ dïlhtis. Whis bicin udiwhnï ’ey widzï yu hiyïlh’iy. (LM/DR)

’i replaced by de ‑‑‑‑Det’iw? ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Dent’iw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Keyikh dewit’ah udiclhye. ʘ^lm

pf (1s ’ëst’ën’, 2s ’ënt’ën’, 3s ’ët’ën’, 1d ’ëdit’ën’, 1p ’its’ët’ën’, 2p ’ëwht’ën’, 3p ’ëët’ën’) ‑‑‑‑Honzu nyilh ’ëst’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë ’ënt’ën’? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Ët’ën’. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑’Ënt’ën’. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑So’ ’ënt’ën’. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑So’ ’its’ët’ën’. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Silegh ho’nït’ën’. ʘ^lm

opt (1s ’ost’ah, 2s ’ont’ah, 3s ’ot’ah, 1d ’odit’ah, 1p ’its’ot’ah, 2p ’oht’ah, 3p ’oot’ah) ‑‑‑‑’Ost’ah. ʘ^ag ‑‑‑‑’Ost’ah les. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑’Its’ot’ah les. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑’Ot’ah les. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑’Oot’ah les. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑’Odit’ah les. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑’Ont’ah les. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Niwhnï ’oht’ah les. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑’Oht’ah wibe ’oondzin. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm

optneg (1s ’iwesost’ën’, 2s ’iwesont’ën’, 3s ’iwest’ën’, 1d ’iwesdit’ën’/’iwesodit’ën’, 1p ’iwets’ost’ën’, 2p ’iwesoht’ën’, 3p ’iweost’ën’) ‑‑‑‑’Iwesont’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Iwesost’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Iwesodit’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Iwest’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Iwesoht’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Iweost’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Iwets’ost’ën’. ʘ^mf

’it’ahin n. ʘ^mn (pl ’it’ahnï, pl ’aat’ahnï) ʘ^mn

cust³ ‑‑‑‑To dik ’it’iyh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hibilh dzikh ’iwtanïlh tah, hida hibic’a ’it’iyh. ʘ^lm (PN99) ‑‑‑‑Keyikh dzikh ’iwit’iyh tah, ’enï tsëh daadïyeyh tl’i ’it’ën hiyk’inilhyï’. ʘ^lm (LM) ‑‑‑‑Hibilh honlï ’iwit’iyh ’et hibitawnïnzit. ʘ^hn For further examples of cust³ see ’ën’² (under refl); di⁷ (under di#).

‑c’ats ’i#w-D‑’ah v. ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats ’oot’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Bï bic’ats ’iwit’ah. ʘ^al ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats ’iwewist’ën’. ʘ^ib ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats ’iwewist’ën’ silï’. ʘ^ib

cust ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats ’iwit’iyh.

bï bic’ats ’iwit’iyh n. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Sc’ats ’iwilh’iyh. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of caus see sëk (under caus refl).

P-ilh ’i#w-D‑’ah v. ‑‑‑‑Bilh ’oot’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lemidec haznilïh silh ’oot’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Diyik niwhilh ’oot’ën’. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Libïnïdas hiyk’inï’west’ën’, kwa hibilh ’iwit’iyh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

‑k’i#d-D‑’ah v. ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a wih lhk’aadït’ah? ʘ^sa

‑k’a’it’iyh p. ‑‑‑‑lhok halwis k’a’it’iyh ʘ^lm

‑ka ’i#D‑’ah v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Ggikh ha ’ist’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Cas ha’it’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndu bika ’itant’elh? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hida ha’it’ah. ʘ^lm

c’ika ’iwit’ah n. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑diyik c’ika ’iwit’ah ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑tsa ha’iwit’ah

c’ika ’it’ahin n. ʘ^lm (pl c’ika ’it’ahnï) ʘ^mf

lhok bï ha ’iwit’ah n. ʘ^lm

w-ka ’i#D‑’ah v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Wika ’ent’ah. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Niynilhtin wika ’it’iw. ʘ^wj ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nïmbel nïs’ayh wika ’ist’ah. ‑‑‑‑Gen ude’ wika ’it’ah. ‑‑‑‑Nïmbel nïs’ayh wika ’ost’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nïmbel nïs’ayh wika ’ëst’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yunïnt’az wika ’it’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dayï talïlh wika ’it’ah. For further example(s) of w-ka ’i#D‑’ah see ’ëlh² (under prog).

ceyh ‑ka ’i#D‑’ah v. ‑‑‑‑Ceyh ha’idit’ah.

dic’a‑’i#D‑’ah v. (n,n mom) ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’tat’elh. ʘ^lm

pf (1s dic’a’nist’ën’, 2s dic’a’nïn‑, 3s dic’a’in‑, 1d dic’a’indi‑, 1p dic’a’ts’in‑, 2p dic’a’niwh‑, 3p dic’a’aan‑) ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’nist’ën’. ʘ^hm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’int’ën’. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’indit’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’ts’int’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’aant’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’nïnt’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’niwht’ën’. ʘ^hm

cust ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’it’iyh. ʘ^lm

‑ghi-ta‑’i#D‑’ah v. ‑‑‑‑Bighita’it’ah. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Hibighiweta’ist’ën’. ʘ^lm

ts’a D‑’ah v. ‑‑‑‑Ts’a ït’ah. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ts’a ïnt’ah. ʘ^mf

w-ghin de#w-d‑D‑’ah v. ‑‑‑‑Wighin dewdït’ah. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wighin dewdïnt’ah. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wighin dets’iwdït’ah. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wighin dewdïdit’ah. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wighin deodït’ah. ʘ^mf

tso ghe#d‑’ah v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Tso ghedï’ah. ‑‑‑‑Tso ghewedï’ah.

tso ha#d‑’ah v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Tso hadï’ah. Ndudekh gin. Nawh ’ibidïnïh. ʘ^lm

> ’it’ën bet “work gloves” see under bet

> bï c’ika ’iwit’ah nedï “hunting clothes” see under nedï

’ën’⁴

‑ghi#d‑’ën v. ‑‑‑‑Bighidïs’ën’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bighiwedïs’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Yighidïn’ën’. (CA, MA/JK 89‑2:3 ya din’é’n, [ba] dis’én’ “I expected more than I got”)

’ëndzin n. [from Eng engine]

’ëntl’an n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ëntl’an ndu ’iweselh’ën’? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Ëntl’an nenyust’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ëntl’an dinï deta’is. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

’ës¹

conc	’ës	’ëz	’ës	’ës
concneg	’ëts	’is	’ëts	’ëts

O‑’ës v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Nis’ës. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ik’inc’ini’ës. ‑‑‑‑Wenizis’ëts. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yinïz’ëz. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nïs’ëz. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Kw’isil yinïz’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nïzis’ëz. ʘ^mf

pass ‑‑‑‑St’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑ts’in nïst’ëz ʘ^vg

ts’ëkh kw’isil bï nit’ës n. ʘ^ib

ts’in yïst’ëz n.

’ës² step

neu	’ëz	’ëz	’ëz	’ëz
neuneg	’ëz	’is	’ëz	’ëz
cont	’ës	’ëz	’ës	’ës
contneg	’ës	’is	’ës	’ës
mom	’ës	’ëz	’is	’ës
momneg	’ëts/’its	’is	’its	’ëts
dur	’is	’ëz	’is	’is
durneg	’its	’is	’its	’its
cust	’is
custneg	’its

‑’ës v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Lhtiyni’ës. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhtiynïz’ëz. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Lhtinïzis’ëz. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hëkw ’et ’awit, ts’akë ze’ k’is dinï ze’ ts’ënlï’. Nts’ë neditant’is wighunlï’. ʘ^sa For further examples of ‑’ës see des² (under ‑dez); tet (under tetet).

caus refl ‑‑‑‑Kë lisuma bik’idïzïl’ëz. ʘ^gm

‑e#’ës v. (mom) ne#D‑ added for cyclical activity. ‑‑‑‑Bïnent’ës. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Nkëggunï bïnent’ës. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bïs’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoo’, so’isdzin. Keytl’iw’ nek co bïsis’ëz. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Bïwetizïs’its. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Kë tsiyh ’agh hiyïnet’is. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

‑e#’ëz v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Yïsi’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Këskwit bïsis’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bus’ëz. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Kë bïziclh’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Skë c’o’ats bïïzigil’ëz. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑To c’a c’ikak lhëz hidikë hiyïyilh’ëz. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

kë#’ëz v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Kësi’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Këzta’ëz. ʘ^lm

d‑’ës v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑’Ayh hidis’ëz ‑‑‑‑Ïzlhiy ’aat’ah ’et ïzlhiy kë hibighinïneeyilïh hiyï widïn’ëz wenï. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

bï ’ayh hizdïn’ëz n. ʘ^lm

d-D‑’ës v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nizdit’ës wewnigit. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Bik’ëdïst’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bik’ëndinïst’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bik’ëditast’is. ʘ^lm

d-l‑’ës v. ‑‑‑‑Wegh hidïl’ëz. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

kë#d-l‑’ës v. ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah begh nikëdigil’ës.

dir ‑e#’is v. (n,n mom) ‑‑‑‑Lhic nin bïc’inïn’ës. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dus nin bïc’inis’ëz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dus nin bïc’itas’is. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ku’ nin bïwec’isen’its. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Nin yïc’i’is. ‑‑‑‑Lhic nin bïc’is’is. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nin yïc’i’is. ʘ^lm

’ësdlik adv. trying to remember; variant of ’islik, ’isdlik. ‑‑‑‑Ndu sibe ’ësdlik? ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Mbï hiyilhnï ’ësdlik? ʘ^mf

’Ësghïlh prsn. (AJ/JK 89:8 ’esgheɬ “totem pole at Hagwilget (name)” “Central Carrier name due to history w/ Nazko”) (Jenness esrlɬ “fungus”; “totem pole of House in the Middle of Many”)

’ëslah, ’ësdlah adv. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ʘ^bm Subordinate verb, if any, is generally imperfective or optative. ‑‑‑‑’Ësdlah ïlggïh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yit’as ’ësdlah ’iyïnlegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nibï ’ësdlah ’igegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ididlï ’ësdlah ’idïgegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Ësdlah ’onekh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Ësdlah ’iyïnlegh.

’ëslah, ’ësdlah exp. (AJ/JK 88‑2:54 əstl’a “no more, enough”)

’ët

‑’ët p. ‑‑‑‑si’ët ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hibi’ët honist’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Si’ët ’uugegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Si’ët weyussagh. ‑‑‑‑Si’ët wits’iditnic. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑C’i’ët ’ent’ah. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dïnï ’ët yïlhtiy’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dzut ’ët ’ats holtlic. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Niwh’ët lhtalhëëlye. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑K’ay bin’ nyïnï bi’ët dinedïnge. ʘ^gm For further example(s) of ‑’ët see tlëkh (oh) (under cont).

tsan’ ’ët pp. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tsan’ ’ët niye. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tsan’ ’ët stiy. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Ggit tsan’ ’ët sitlëgh. ʘ^bn

> tsan’ ’ët nideyh “stripper” see under deyh¹

’i

’i# vpf. thematic prefix with several verbs.

impf with postpositional object and l‑ (s‑ cnj). (1s ’igil‑, 2s ’el‑, 3s ’ilh‑, 1d ’idil‑, 1p ’its’ilh‑, 2p ’iwhlh‑, 3p ’ilh‑) ‑‑‑‑Charlie ’en yinis ’ilco.

impf with prefixed so’. (1s so’igilco, 2s so’el‑, 3s so’il‑, 1d so’idil‑, 1p so’its’il‑, 2p so’iwhlh‑, 3p so’al‑) ‑‑‑‑So’ilco.

’idic’oh adv. requires optative verb. ‑‑‑‑’Idic’oh toye’. ‑‑‑‑’Idic’oh ’idunï’. ‑‑‑‑Wewnigit. ’Idic’oh dï lha’izdulekh. ʘ^sa [cf. ’adic’oh “leave it alone”]

’ik’uut adv. ʘ^hn ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑’Ik’uut lha’izdinekh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’Ik’uut wihaye. ʘ^sa

’ikh¹, ’at toss clothlike

cont	’ikh	’ikh	’ikh	’ikh
contneg	’it	’ilh	’it	’it
mom	’at	’ikh	’ilh	’at
momneg	’at	’ilh	’itl	’at
cust	’ic
custneg	’ic

O‑’ikh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nisis’ikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Niwesis’it. ʘ^mf

mom ‑‑‑‑Tenïn’at. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hoyïn’ikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Teynïn’ikh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tso hadïs’ikh. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Teyi’ic. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Halho’ ditsin ’awilhyïz teyi’ic. ʘ^mf

’ikh²

cont	’ikh	’ikh	’ikh	’ikh
contneg	’ik	’ikh	’ik	’ik

O-lh‑’ikh v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nic’elh’ikh udïlhye lic? ‑‑‑‑Hida nilh’ikh udïlhye. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hida nilh’ikh skak wighinaabaanilhtin. ‑‑‑‑Hida naalh’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Nisiclh’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Neydïlh’ikh. ʘ^mf

’Ikhggodimas prsn. ʘ^mf Gimdimt’en chief name.

’ilh n. ʘ^sm ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ilh ’elh’ah. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’ilh k’it bin ʘ^sa

’Ilh K’it pn. (Gaz EɬK’et, Ex K’et “Sunset Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:17 ’eɬ “dam” k’et “on” “on Sunset Lake”, Jenness aɬk’at “beaver dam on top”)

> ’ilh bintak “front part of beaver dam” see under ntak

> ’Ilh Ntak Si’ay “hill south of Sunset L.” see under ntak

’il n. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bi’il lhay. ʘ^mf

bi’il yez winï n. ʘ^ib (Achillea millefolium) (LzN/Gott)

> ’il bin yikh “brush lean-to (emergency shelter)” see under bin³

’Ilhdehts’en, ’Ilhdehdzen prsn. ʘ^sa ʘ^gm Tsayu chief name.

’Ilhdesinon prsn. ʘ^ha Likhsilyu chief name.

’ilibïc n. ʘ^lm ʘ^vg variant of ’inibïc. [from Fr l’épingle]

’iliggu n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Iliggu winï. ʘ^mf

’ilïdzï n. ʘ^mf

> ’ilïdzï bï tikwis “shotgun” see under kës¹

’ilhkah adv. ʘ^kn variant of ’alhggikh, ’alhkikh, ’alhk’ikh.

’ilhne n. (Jenness eɬne. The chief of a successful war expedition “was given all the captives, who thenceforward became his slaves...who were generally well treated and well dressed, performed most of his menial work, and even assisted him in the chase”)

’Ilut’agh prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name.

’imale n. ʘ^mf For example(s) for ’imale see nï² (under clf). [from Git?]

’Imgit prsn. ʘ^sa Likhts’amisyu chief name. (Jenness Amgyet (Resurrected))

’imïluc n. ʘ^mf [from Git ’ammiilkw “mask” (RK87)]

’imu’es n. ‑‑‑‑C’ighïh dïnc’ey k’indit’az. Yikh ’imu’es ’et hawdigguc. (LM/DR) [from Git?]

‑mu’es n. ‑‑‑‑Bimu’es sghenïn’ay.

’in side [cf. nin “over there”]

de’in dir. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑De’in wit’iy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑De’in detic bit’oon’a. ʘ^kn

u’in dir. ‑‑‑‑’ats u’in (CA, MA/JK 86: 26 ’aats xu’en “off”) For further example(s) of u’in see bik (under O-n‑lh-bik).

U’in n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑U’in wit’iyin ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑U’in wit’en ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑U’in wit’iynï ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑U’inï ‑‑‑‑U’in net dzïn lhaadilh.

U’in Tiy pn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa (AJ/JK 86‑2:42 u’en ts’etay “Babine trail”)

ï’in n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑sbep ï’in ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑stso’ ï’in ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑silhtsen ï’in ʘ^mf

ts’itnï’in n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑sbep ts’itnï’in ʘ^mf

yiwh’in adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yiwh’in ïgilggïh.

‑’in p. ‑‑‑‑tiz nïts ’in ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tiz nïts ’in wits’in ’ët’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Kwile’ wi’in hozlï’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Neyilhnïh ts’in niwh’in ’indzin. ‑‑‑‑Hiy’in halhitdilhguc. ʘ^mf

dzïtnïts ’in n. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dzïtnïts ’in nenyust’ën’.

lhi’in adv. ‑‑‑‑Dicin lhi’in hiyïtelh.

lhi’in tah pp. (prog) ‑‑‑‑Lhi’in tah hëlwis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhi’in tah hëdilh.

’in ts’ah pp. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’In ts’ah khït witalïlh. ʘ^mf

c’i’in (ts’ah) pp. ts’ah or ts’i‑.

c’i’in: ‑‑‑‑c’i’in tso’ ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑c’i’in bitso’ ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑c’i’in ts’inï’ ʘ^sa

c’i’in ts’ah: ‑‑‑‑c’i’ints’itsets ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑c’i’ints’ibitsets ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑c’i’ints’ah stso’ ‑‑‑‑c’i’ints’ah bicay ʘ^sa

so’ c’i’in ts’ah n. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑so’ c’i’ints’ah niwhtso’ ‑‑‑‑c’i’ints’ibicay

’oh dir. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑ggit ’oh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Oh ïlggïh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Doh ’oh ts’iwit’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Ohiy yegh nï’oost’ën’. ‑‑‑‑’Oh nï’it’ën’. For further example(s) of ’oh see lhi (under mot).

hots ’oh adv.

> ’oh de’ “in the past, back then” see under de’¹

> bi’in haggïh “full-dry, fully dried meat” see under ggï¹

> wi’in ha#n-lelh “sleep in, oversleep” see under lelh

> ’oh O-u‑nïh “find out about, remember O (w‑)” see under nïh²

> yiwh’in tiy “along the road” see under tiy³

> U’in Tsak’ët “Witsët canyon fishing site” see under tsak’ët

> ts’e’in “straight, correct, honest” see under ts’e’in

’in’es n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ ts’ëtiyu ’in’es hiyïts ’ats ’inedeyh. (LM/DR)

’indimenik n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Indimenik tl’i c’izkak deewtalyikh. (LM/DR) [from Git ant’imhaanaq’ “contributions at feast by spouses of host house” (RK87)]

’indzoh adv. (pr ’iʹndzoh, ’indzoʹh) ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ʘ^bm variant of ’ondzoh. ‑‑‑‑Nduwa ’indzoh nïlh’ën? ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nduwa ’indzoh senyïn? ‑‑‑‑’Indzoh ’its’olekh. ‑‑‑‑’Indzoh sinïlh’ën. ‑‑‑‑Stsen to ’indzoh so’ neditl’it. ʘ^bo For further examples of ’indzoh see gidi (under gidi#); ggiz¹ (ï) (under mom¹).

’inibïc n. ʘ^mf variant of ’ilibïc.

’Inïnkinaw’ prsn. ʘ^gm Tsayu chief name. [from Git ? + ganaa’w “frog”]

’inït’iyh adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’ëlkiy’ ’inït’iyh winï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yin k’it widïzggï ’inïtiyh newilhtiyh. ʘ^lm

’awnït’iyh adv. ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ t’alh ’awnït’iyh winï.

’Inlho’ prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name. (Jenness Anklo’ “a noblewoman” of Keyikh Winïts; Jenness entlo’ “(avalanche)”, crest belonging to Na’ok)

’intsoh, ’intsuh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^cm ʘ^lm [from Git ansuuxw “yarn” (RK87)] (JG/JK 78:32 intsihw “wool”) ‑‑‑‑Këkëtl’iw ’intsoh bï sditl’iw. (LM/DR)

’Intsuwe pn. (TCW) [from Git?]

’inu pro. Hag dial variant of ’anu. (MA/JK 78‑2:25)

’inuc pro. ‑‑‑‑’Inuc ’ididlegh.

’ip n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Ip sbe ïnkayh. ʘ^mf

’is¹

’is n. ‑‑‑‑’Is taanel’az.

’Is Co pn. (Gaz Es Coo “Lagopus Mountain”, AJ/JK 86:47 ’es “precipice” coo “big”; AJ/JK 89:15 ’es ko “precipice”)

Ts’akë ’Is pn.

Ts’ak’ë ’Is Ts’anlï pn.

> ’Is Lhts’il’a “unnamed cliffs” see under ’a³

’is²

conc	’is	’is	’is	’is
concneg	’its	’is	’its	’its
cust	’is

y-lh‑’is v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Yiziclh’is. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yiziclh’is tl’i holggec. ‑‑‑‑Hoynïclh’is. ‑‑‑‑Yinïzigil’is. ‑‑‑‑’Elhits hoynïlh’is. ʘ^sa For further example(s) of y-lh‑’is see n² (under n-t‑).

impf (1s yiclh’is, 2s yïlh’is, 3s yilh’is, 1d yidil’is, 1p ts’iyilh’is, 2p yiwhlh’is, 3p hiyilh’is) ‑‑‑‑Yilh’is. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yiclh’is. ‑‑‑‑Yidil’is. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg We (du.) are sneezing. ‑‑‑‑Yiwhlh’is. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf You (pl.) are sneezing.

impfneg (1s weyziclh’its, 2s weyzïlh’its, 3s weyilh’its, 1d weyisdil’its, 1p wets’iyilh’its, 2p weyziwhlh’its, 3p weeyilh’its) ‑‑‑‑Weyziclh’its. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Weeyilh’its. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Weyzïlh’its. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Weyziwhlh’its. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Weyilh’its. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Weyisdil’its. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wets’iyilh’its. ʘ^mf

cust

pf (1s yïclh’is, 2s yïlh’is, 3s yïlh’is, 1d yïdil’is, 1p ts’iyïlh’is, 2p yïwhlh’is, 3p hiyïlh’is) ‑‑‑‑Yïclh’is.

’Isbawel, ’Isbawa prsn. ʘ^cm ʘ^hm ʘ^bo ʘ^lm C’ilhts’ëkhyu chief name.

’isbe n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa (JG/JK 78‑2:9 ’isbey “mt goat”) ‑‑‑‑’isbe ziz

> ’isbe diyiw “mountain goat wool, raw wool” see under diyiw

> ’isbe ghinlï “shepherd” see under lï⁴

’Isdes prsn. ʘ^mf Witsuwit’en folk hero, transformer. (Jenness Estes “the Trickster”)

’Izida pn. Witsët canyon fishing site. (AJ/JK 86‑2:50 ezidaa)

’izis n. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa [compare Dak uzus “hide” and TsK’ ’uzùs “hide”]

> ’izis bï ninitkiy’ “three-cornered needle” see under kiy’¹ (a)

’isiyh n.

’Isiyh Co pn. (Gaz ’Esiiyh coo “mountain peak”, AJ/JK 86‑2:38 ’esiiyh “flint” coo “big”)

’islik, ’isdlik adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf trying to remember; variants of ’ësdlik. ‑‑‑‑Mbï hiyilhnï ’islik? ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Ndu hibaatnï ’islik hin? ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Dedïltiy’ ’islik? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ey ’isdlik ’ayh hiyilhnï? ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Ggï yi’ey, ndu hiyilhnï ’isdlik? ʘ^gm For further example(s) of ’islik, ’isdlik see nï⁴ (under dec’e#d-D‑nï).

’et ’islik exp.

’Ist’ën prsn. ʘ^cm C’ilhts’ëkhyu chief name. (Jenness As’ten (Fraser Lake Indian))

’istlën n. ‑‑‑‑Bi’istlën hiley.

’it (e)

conc	’it/’et	’it/’et	’it	’it/’et
concneg	’it/’et	’ilh	’it	’it/’et

ne#O-d‑lh‑’it v. (0 ~ s,s conc) ‑‑‑‑Lhok ts’ec nedïlh’et. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nec’idïlh’et. ‑‑‑‑St’ayik nec’idïziclh’et. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ggin nec’idïlh’it. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Lidï ’ats neydïlh’it. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Neduclh’et silhnï. ‑‑‑‑Newedizuclh’et. ‑‑‑‑Tazil neydïlh’et. Wik’ëlhawtalhtselh. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of ne#O-d‑lh‑’it see lï⁴ (under k’ëlha#w-lï).

’it’ën n. ʘ^mn ʘ^aj (psd ‑’it’ën) ‑‑‑‑Dzïn ’it’ën dendzin? ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑’It’ën lhay sibe si’ay. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Dinï bïts ’it’ën bighiyetaclhdic. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’It’ën ’italïlh. ʘ^bm (LM/DR) For further examples of ’it’ën see lï⁴ (under k’ëlha#w-lï); zit¹ (ï) (under nïsdïts hawdïnzit); ye⁵ (under ‑k’i#ye). [cf. ’i#D‑’ah “work (for a wage), do, be”]

> ’itles libot “large cup, mug” see under libot

’iwha

’iwha# vpf. (mom ‑,e) does not occur in imperfective: grammatically perfective, semantically imperfective; variant of wiha#.

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑’Iwhayïn’ay.

mot ‑‑‑‑’Iwhanye. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Iwhanesge. ‑‑‑‑Niwhkinic lhok k’in’a ’akw’is welew silï’. K’ay ’iwhaneedïl. ʘ^vg

’iwhwe’ exp. ʘ^lm wishing for something; can occur with gedu. ‑‑‑‑’Iwhwe’ gedu hist’iy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Iwhwe’, dik tsëcin bït sacide hinelggït. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Iwhwe’ ’ey gedu nest’alh.

’iyh¹

‑’iyh p. variant of ‑’eyh. ‑‑‑‑Bi’iyh ïgilggec. ‑‑‑‑Yedic wi’iyh ïgilggec. ʘ^hm

’iyh²

d-l‑’iyh v. variant of d-l‑ts’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Lhic dil’iyh.

’iy (e)

neu	’iy	’iy’	’elh	’iy’
neu	t’iy	t’iy’	t’elh	t’iy’
neuneg	’iyh	’ël	’ëtl	’iy’
neuneg	t’iyh	t’el	t’etl	t’iy’
dur	’iy	’iy’	’elh	’iy’
durneg	’iyh	’ël	’etl	’iy’
mom	’iy		’elh	.
momneg	’ëk			.
cust	’iyh

O-lh‑’iy v. (e,e dur) ‑‑‑‑To neditiyh yïlh’iy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yeelhdic hibïlh’iy. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Hida ziz, sikh tl’ol hiyïlh’iy. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bacon de’ George ts’itnï’in bï c’its’olhges niwhëlh’iy so’, trout. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ tiy hondet hoolh’iy. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Tabegh ’et clean hiyïlh’iy. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Bilikhnï lisël lok hiyïlh’iy. ’Et bilikhnï hiyilhtin. (KA) ‑‑‑‑’Ats weztisyec niwhëëlh’iy’. ʘ^lm (LN) ‑‑‑‑So’ c’ide’ skak dinï bïts niweesdïtl hoolh’iy. ʘ^mf (LM) For further examples of O-lh‑’iy see ’awits; ’ën’³ (under dur); ggiz¹ (ï) (under cust); tay¹ (under compar); ts’e’in.

w-lh‑’iy v. (e,e dur) ‑‑‑‑Tl’ëde’ ’it’ah holh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Its’it’ah ts’oolh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ts’oolh’iy’. For further example(s) of w-lh‑’iy see c’ëgh (oh) (under ‑gha#O-nd-n‑l-c’ëkh).

nebeghe bï hol’iy n.

w-lh’iyh v. (cust) ‑‑‑‑Holh’iyh.

lha’#O-d‑D‑’iyh v. (cust) ‑‑‑‑’It’ën co lhk’iy yis k’it wenï lha’aadit’iyh. ʘ^vg

pass ‑‑‑‑Libuday co hiyï niyilhdzagh ’et ’awit bï’iwtadzïlh wenï lha’dit’iyh. (LM/DR)

lha’#O-d‑lh‑’iyh v. (cust) ‑‑‑‑Lha’izdilh’iyh. ʘ^gm We’re finishing it. ‑‑‑‑Kohbay lhghen’ lhkan wenï lha’diclh’iyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’itsiy hiyilhggï tl’i nit’ay hiyuniyïn. Khiyt wenï lha’aaydilh’iyh. ʘ^gm

’i-ne#O-lh‑’iyh v. (cust) Frequently occurs with c’-e “with something” or so’ “well”. ‑‑‑‑Lïlï ’inets’ilh’iyh ’awit ’ey tsëh wik’ëbilh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

so’ ’inec’aalh’iyh beyikh n.

refl ‑‑‑‑C’ë’ineedil’iyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tl’asis yï so’ ’inedil’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Hots’in’a dic’ah naadïlh ’et wenï c’e’ineedil’iyh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Dinï kw’is ditl’iw hiyï c’e’inedil’iyh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bï sadzï dïzdïlt’ic tabï c’ide’nï hiyï so’ ’inedil’iyh. K’ay we dzïn mbï hiyï ’iwedzin. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Widïztiy’ dzïn ts’aku lisal bï so’ ’ineedil’iyh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Uyoh tl’asis nïlhdzoh hiyï so’ ’inedil’iyh. (LM/DR)

‑c’a#w-lh‑’iy v. (0,e dur) ‑‑‑‑Yic’awilh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ggin sc’awilh’iy. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Lhc’aawil’iy. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Yic’aolh’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sc’awewzïlh’iy’. ʘ^mf

‑k’ëlha#w-lh‑’iy v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëlhaolh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hot’iy’ wik’ëlhaolh’iy’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëlhawtalh’elh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëlhawewilh’ëk.

k’i-ne-ts’i-n#O-D‑’iy v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Hinic bï k’inets’inyït’iy’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑We k’inets’inyitat’elh. ʘ^sa

‑be lh‑’iy v. (s,e neu) ‑‑‑‑Yibe welh’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Bibe ïclh’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bibe nïgil’iy’. ʘ^mf

impf (1s ‑be siclh’iy, 2s ‑be selh’iy, 3s ‑be silh’iy, 1d ‑be sdil’iy, 1p ‑be ts’ilh’iy, 2p ‑be siwhlh’iy, 3p ‑be hilh’iy) ‑‑‑‑Sbe silh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bibe ts’ilh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sbe selh’iy lec? ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Sbe selh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Mbe siclh’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bibe sdil’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sbe siwhlh’iyh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sbe hilh’iy. ʘ^mf

O-D‑’iy v. (neu) t’iyn(ï) ‑‑> t’en(ï). ‑‑‑‑Misdus hidit’iy. ‑‑‑‑Hiwht’iy. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nts’iyit’iy. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑T’ak’ët dzilh k’it ditnï ha’aat’ah. Ditnï bicaw ’ey c’inï hiyit’iy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoht’iy’. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Sunye west’iyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndu west’iyh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Went’iyh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Ndu weyt’iyh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Weyït’iyh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Ndu wets’et’iyh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Lidï bï hiynïlhdzil. Tiy naaye hiyï ts’ilim hit’iy. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of O-D‑’iy see nts’ëwh.

w-ghe nï#w-D‑’iy v. ‑‑‑‑Wighe nïot’iy’. ʘ^mf

Ts’ot’iy pn. (Gaz Ts’oo T’ay “hill”, AJ/JK 86‑2:47 ts’oo “spruce” t’ay “’frog monster’”, AJ/JK 86‑2:32 Ts’oo t’ay “’monster’ (name used in medicine songs)” “hill”)

w-D‑’iy v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Yikh wewit’iyh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh wewist’iyh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh wewdit’iyh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh wets’oot’iyh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh weewit’iyh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh weont’iyh lic? ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh weoht’iyh lic? ʘ^hm

impf (1s wist’iy, 2s hont’iy, 3s wit’iy, 1d widit’iy, 1p ts’iwit’iy, 2p wiwht’iy, 3p hiwit’iy) ‑‑‑‑Yin tah wit’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yin tah ’et wit’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë hont’iy? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Gen dinï witat’elh. Wibe c’iwizu’. ‑‑‑‑Niggit wist’iy. ‑‑‑‑Ts’iwit’iy. ʘ^lm We reside. ‑‑‑‑’Ats ts’iwit’iy. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Wiwht’iy. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm You (pl.) reside.

pf (1s host’iy’, 2s hont’iy’, 3s hot’iy’, 1d hodit’iy’, 1p ts’oot’iy’, 2p howht’iy’, 3p hoot’iy’) ‑‑‑‑Yikh host’iy’.

pfneg (1s wewist’el, 2s weont’el/wewint’el, 3s weot’el/wewit’el, 1d weodit’el/wewdit’el, 1p wets’oot’el, 2p weoht’el/wewiwht’el, 3p weeot’el/weewit’el) ‑‑‑‑Yikh wewit’el. ‑‑‑‑Yikh wewist’el. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Yikh wewdit’el. ʘ^hm

cust¹ ‑‑‑‑Mbï bizuh weost’iyh. ʘ^sa

wit’en n. (pl wit’enï) ‑‑‑‑Kwin Begh Yikh wit’enï

kiy#D‑’iy v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Kiyït’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nekiyt’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nekiyït’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Nekiyts’ët’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Neokiynït’iy’.

’at#D‑’iy v. (neu) ’at~’a‑. ‑‑‑‑Ne’at’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ne’attat’elh. ʘ^mf

k’akë/k’ëkë O-D‑’iy v. ‑‑‑‑K’ëkë hibit’iy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ëkë lhaat’iy. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑K’akë ts’it’iy ts’oont’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Skak k’akë lhaadit’iy. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Ggin k’ëkë ïnt’iyh. ‑‑‑‑K’akë hit’iy. For further example(s) of k’akë/k’ëkë O-D‑’iy see ilh (under ‑ilh).

> yebegh wit’en “foreigner, person from far away” see under bekh³

> De’ wit’en “Witsuwit’en people of lower Bulkley valley (as called by Broman L.)” see under de’²

> C’iggiz Wit’en “Broman L. people” see under eggiz²

> Nazkut’en “Nazko First Nation” see under nazku

> Nin wit’en “Babine L. people” see under nin¹

> Cel Winïts Wit’en “Wet’suwet’en people of Zymoetz R., McDonell_L. areas” see under nïts

> Witël K’it Wit’en “Wet’suwet’en people of the Bulkley R. lowlands” see under tël

> Tatl’akh Wit’en “Takla L. people” see under tl’akh

> Tatl’at Wit’en “Takla L. people” see under tl’at¹

> Tsin’ Wit’en “Francois L. people” see under tsin’

’iy²

mom	’iy	’iy
cont	’iy’	’iy’

nzu#d-l‑’iy v.

mom ‑‑‑‑Wenzudïl’iy. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Sënzudïl’iy. ʘ^bo

cont ‑‑‑‑Ninzudil’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tabï ninzudil’iy’. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Ninzudïzigil’iy’.

hiyï ninzudil’iy’ n.

ninzudil’iy’ hin n. ʘ^mf

’iy’¹ (ëkh)

dur	’ëkh	’iy’	’ëkh	’ëkh
durneg	’ëk	’ël	’ëk	’ëk
cust	’iyh

‑i#u-d‑l‑’iy’ v. (dur) u or o after c’. ‑‑‑‑Udigil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Udil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Niwhë c’udïl’ëkh. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Wits’odil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Uudil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Yudïl’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Nïmbï udïl’ëkh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nits’ibï wits’udil’ëkh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nkinic bï yelhdic udïl’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑T’ah, c’udïl’ëkh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Et wileghts’i lhk’ëc’iniclht’as udïgil’iy’. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nïdo k’in’a c’udil’ëkh wik’it lhisiye wih ’indzin. ʘ^vg (Misilos bicin k’ikh) ‑‑‑‑Wec’idists’ik tl’i c’iwewdilh’ëk. ‑‑‑‑Witsuwit’en k’in’a yeclhdic houndinïgil’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Niwhë c’udïl’iy’. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Nisghï budïgil’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Skak hiyï c’oodital’ëkh nis widïzilh, wenï hin ’its’it’iw. Ggin bilikhnï witside’ ’aayïnlegh ïnts’iy dzikh ’aayïnlegh nï. ʘ^hn

opt with 3sg object of postposition. (1s budugil’ëkh, 2s budul‑, 3s yudul‑, 1d bududil‑, 1p bits’odul‑, 2p buduhlh‑, 3p hiyudul‑) ‑‑‑‑Budugil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bududil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bits’odul’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yudul’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hiyudul’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Budul’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Buduhlh’ëkh. ʘ^mf

c’udil’ëkhin n. ʘ^mn For example(s) for c’udil’ëkhin see hin (under place where).

c’udil’ëkh beyikh n. ʘ^vg short form c’udil’ëkh.

cust ‑‑‑‑Hibighoosis niwhkinic hiyudil’iyh. ʘ^wj

‑i#u-d‑n-l‑’iy’ v. ‑‑‑‑Bundinïgil’iy’. ʘ^mf

‑zïl ‑i#u-d‑l‑’iy’ v. ‑‑‑‑Ku’ bizïl udïl’iy’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bizïl udïgil’iy’. ʘ^ha

‑ne#u-d‑l‑’iy’ v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑C’ineodil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ididlï winewdil’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hinic bineuzdul’ëkh.

‑i#O-u‑d-lh‑’iy’ v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Nibï wiyudïlh’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Adic nibï udïl’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ic’udilh’ëkh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wiyudilh’ëkh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Lhc’its’odil’ëkh.

c’ic’udilh’ëkh n. ʘ^mf

’iy’²

’i#n-l‑’iy’ v. ‑‑‑‑Lhilco ’inïl’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bidekh ’inïl’iy’. ‑‑‑‑’Et ’iwinïl’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hibiyin tah ’iwinïl’iy’. ʘ^mf

’iwinïl’iy’ n. ʘ^lm

’iy’³

neu	t’iy’	t’et	t’iy’	t’iy’
neuneg	t’iy’	t’el	t’iy’	t’iy’

O-u‑D‑’iy’ v. (n,s neu) ‑‑‑‑Ditsëghe’ yunt’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Nyunist’iy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Unist’iy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Pat këskwit yunt’iy’ Mabel ’iyïnlegh. ‑‑‑‑Ggin sont’iy’. So’elh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yust’et. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Uzist’et. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lhoondit’iy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nïdo këskwit hiyunt’iy’. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Yin’ sende honïnt’iy’? ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nïdo hiyudïnt’iy’.

(‑e) ’i#u-D‑’iy’ v. (n,s neu) u ~ o for some speakers. ‑‑‑‑’Unt’iy’. ʘ^mf (AJ/JK 89:13 ont’ey’ “he’s self-confident”) ‑‑‑‑We ’unt’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ka unkët we ’ont’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Dï ’onidit’iy’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Undit’iy’ ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Niwhkinic bï ’uniwht’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bï ’ozist’et. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑We ’ust’et. He’s proud of what he did. ‑‑‑‑Ne’osdit’et. ‑‑‑‑Ne’ozïndit’et.

’unt’iy n. ‑‑‑‑’Unt’iy’ bilh nits’idïlh. ʘ^lm

w-D‑’iy’ v. (n,s neu) ‑‑‑‑Wewist’iy’. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Weont’iy’ lic? ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Wewit’iy’. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Wets’oot’iy’. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Weoht’iy’ lic? ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑’Enï wih weewit’iy’. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Host’et. ʘ^mf He’s happy. ‑‑‑‑Host’et ’it’ën k’ënye. ‑‑‑‑Ts’iyenï hoost’et. ‑‑‑‑Ts’iyewh ngginï lhc’it keyikh wit’enï tabï hoost’et. (AJ)

impf (1s honist’iy’, 2s honïnt’iy’, 3s hont’iy’, 1d hondit’iy’, 1p ts’oont’iy’, 2p honiwht’iy’, 3p hoont’iy’) ‑‑‑‑Hont’iy’. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’It’ah hont’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Tabï dinï dzï hont’iy’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Honïnt’iy’ lic? ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Honiwht’iy’ lic? ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’. ʘ^ha ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Hondit’iy’ ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Nyilh nisye honist’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Ts’oont’iy’. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑’Enï hoont’iy’. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Nyilh ’ist’ah honist’iy’. ʘ^hn

’iy’⁴ (e) hide, sneak

cont	’iy’	’iy’	’iy’	’iy’
contneg	’iy’	’el	’iy’	’iy’
conc	’iyh	’iy	’iyh	’iyh
concneg	’ec	’el	’ec	’ec
mom	’iyh	’iy	’elh	’elh/’iy’
momneg	’ec	’el	’etl	’etl
cust	’iyh
custneg	’ec
prog	’elh
progneg	’etl

n-l‑’iy v. elh ~ ëlh; etl ~ ëtl.

prog (1s nïgil’ëlh, 2s nïl‑, 3s nïl‑, 1d nïdil‑, 1p ts’inïl‑, 2p nïwhlh‑, 3p hinïl‑) ‑‑‑‑’Oh nïgil’ëlh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nïdil’ëlh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ts’inïl’ëlh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nïl’ëlh. ‑‑‑‑Nïl’elh. ʘ^mf ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Hinïl’ëlh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nïl’ëlh. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Nïwhlh’ëlh. ʘ^hm

progneg (1s wenizïgil’etl, 2s wenizïl‑, 3s wenïlh‑, 1d wenïsdil‑, 1p weznïlh‑, 2p wenïwhlh‑, 3p weenïlh‑) ‑‑‑‑Wenïlh’etl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wenizïgil’etl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wenïsdil’etl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Weznïlh’etl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Weenïlh’etl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wenizïl’etl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wenizïwhlh’etl. ʘ^lm

cont ‑‑‑‑Ninil’iy’. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yï ninil’iy’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sc’a ninil’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lhic sc’a ninil’iy’. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Ninïzigil’iy’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ninïlh’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yin tah ’oh ninil’iy’. ʘ^cd

caus ‑‑‑‑Hibic’a niniclh’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hibic’a niwiniclh’iy’. ʘ^mf

cust ‑‑‑‑Ninil’iyh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Bit’anïzïl’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Ntëzigil’iy. ‑‑‑‑Bic’a ntëzigil’iy. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Denïl’iy. ‑‑‑‑Dental’elh. ‑‑‑‑Ntol’iy’ gin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hintol’elh gin. ʘ^lm

caus

pf (1s ntëziclh’iy, 2s ntëzïlh’iy, 3s yintëlh’iy, 1d ntësdil’iy, 1p ts’intëlh’iy, 2p ntëziwhlh’iy, 3p hiyintëlh’iy) ‑‑‑‑Tsolnïh ntëziclh’iy. ‑‑‑‑Skak tsolnïh hiyintëlh’iy. ‑‑‑‑Skëggunï ntëzigil’iy.

pass

yï c’intëlh’iy, yï ntëlh’iy n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

cust¹ ‑‑‑‑Sinendik siyikh denil’iyh. ʘ^lm

‑ghe#u-n‑l‑’iy v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Bighewnïgil’iy. ʘ^mf

tsagh n-t‑’iyh v. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Tsa nti’iyh. ʘ^lm

O-n‑’iy v. (0,s

conc ‑‑‑‑Yini’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Tsiz yindinit’iyh. ‑‑‑‑Hibaanïz’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’indinïzist’iy. ‑‑‑‑Yindinïst’iy ïs’ën’. ʘ^mf

dinï ni’iyh (hin) n. ʘ^mf ʘ^mf ʘ^dm ʘ^mf

cust ‑‑‑‑Nic’aani’iyh. ʘ^sa

mom ‑‑‑‑Nten’iyh.

w-n‑’iy v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Niwinis’iy’. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Niwini’iy’. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nits’iwini’iy’ ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nuuni’iy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nooni’iy’. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Hiwintëz’iy. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

ha#O-n‑’iy v. ‑‑‑‑Hac’inïn’iy. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Ditl’it haynïn’iy. ʘ^kn

ne#O-n‑D‑’iy v. (0,s conc) ‑‑‑‑Ditso’ neynïst’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ne’indinïst’iy. ʘ^mf

n-D‑’iy’ v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nintat’iy’. ʘ^sa

impf (1s ninist’iy’, 2s ninïnt’iy’, 3s ninit’iy’, 1d ninidit’iy’, 1p niznit’iy’, 2p niniwht’iy’, 3p naanit’iy’) ‑‑‑‑Ninit’iy’. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Ndu bika niniwht’iy’? ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ninïnt’iy’.

ninit’iy’ n. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑dinï ninit’iy’nï ‑‑‑‑Ninit’iy’ bï ’ey ’italïlh. ʘ^sa

cust ‑‑‑‑Yin tah newindinit’iyh. ʘ^cd

nit’iyh n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nit’iyh bï ’iyinlegh. ʘ^mf

wile yïnit’iyh n. ʘ^mf (CA, AlM/JK 86:16 weleey yiinit’ayh “he got a thistle stuck”)

c’a’#w-d‑l‑’iy’ v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nic’a’iwdil’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Nic’a’its’iwdil’iy’.

’iye’ n. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nyizkak ’iye’ holï’. ʘ^mf [from Git ayi’ “contribution by children of male members of host clan at memorial feast” (RK87)]

’ïha, ’ïhya, ’ïhyek exp. expression of distaste; variants of ’ëhë, ’ëha.

’ïha: ‑‑‑‑’ïha stl’it ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑’Ïha, dibe weundlïh.

’ïhya: ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dibe nec’idzu’, ’ïhya. ʘ^lm

’ïhyek: ʘ^lm

’meh

d-l‑’meh v. variant of d-l‑meh. (ono) ‑‑‑‑Dil’meh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Didïyeyh tl’i dil’meh. ʘ^sa

cont ‑‑‑‑Nidil’meh. ʘ^sa ʘ^sa

’Nalhokhs prsn. ʘ^sa ʘ^sa ʘ^sa Gidimt’en chief name; variant of Nalhokhs.

’Namoks prsn. ʘ^sa ʘ^sa Tsayu chief name; variant of Namoks. ‑‑‑‑Dinï ze’ ’Namoks ʘ^sa

’Naye prsn. ʘ^sa Likhts’amisyu chief name; less common variant of Naye. [from Git?]

’nin dir. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf variant of nin. ‑‑‑‑’ninï ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Nin ’ent’ah. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Nin honye. ʘ^mf [< n‑ dir pfx + ’in “to the side”]

’nasdïts dir. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Nasdïts hanye. ʘ^sa

’nasts’in dir. ʘ^sa

’nat dir. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Nat hoz’ay. ʘ^sa

’nawh dir. also n’awh. ‑‑‑‑’Nawh ’ent’ah ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑N’awh nïnyeh. ʘ^sa ʘ^sa ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Nawh sentiyh. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Lhic lhghen’ ’nawh holggït dic’alggec. ʘ^sa

’nawh exp. ʘ^sa

> ’Nin Dïn’ay “Nadina Mt.” see under d²

> ’nin tikat “garbage” see under kat¹

> ’nin ditëstghit “scrap lumber, trim ends” see under ghit

> ’nin tësdit’az “scraps to be thrown away” see under t’as¹

’o n. (SP/JK 75:18 ’oo “whirlpool”)

’o’hoh exp. ʘ^mf

> ’oh “over there, off to the side” see under ’in

’ondzoh adv. ʘ^lm variant of ’indzoh. ‑‑‑‑’Ondzoh nïclh’ën’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ondzoh sc’a dïztiy’. ʘ^lm

’u’ic n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nlegh ’u’ic usziz. (MnA/JK 78:69 u’c) [from Git?]

’ugunï n. ʘ^sm ʘ^lm (MP, SP/JK 73‑75:50 ’aaguuni) ‑‑‑‑Bilikhnï ’ugunï tsiy hiyi’alh. Hiyts’iwenisgen.

’ulh

‑’ulh n. ‑‑‑‑c’i’ulh ʘ^mf

d‑’ulh v. ‑‑‑‑Di’ulh. ‑‑‑‑Hibiyïst’iy di’ulh. ʘ^mf

’ulhcoh, ’ulhc’oh adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Ggin ’en ’ulhcoh hon’ën’. ‑‑‑‑’Ulhcoh niye. ‑‑‑‑’Ulhc’oh newilhtiyh. ʘ^gm

> ’ulhcoh nibelh “person in the way” see under belh (il)

’usa n. ʘ^vg ʘ^ag ʘ^lm (psd ‑’usa’) ‑‑‑‑si’usa’ ʘ^dm ‑‑‑‑’Usa yitëz’ay. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑’Usa yita’alh. ʘ^aj

bï yin’ tinewitggis ’usa n. ʘ^mf ʘ^hm

lidï ’usa n. ʘ^vg

dicin ’usa’ n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dicin ’usa’ ’ey c’ide’nï hiyï ’ëndzïn’. To hiyïtilïh. (LM/DR)

telh ’usa n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Sa’ hon’a’ telh ’usa hiyï c’oniyïn, hiyï nikhëlh c’aalhdïlh. Kwinegh hiyï nï’c’ilh’ën’ c’ide’. To hiyï dinilhdoh. ’Usa hiyï to wik’isilh’ay. (LM/DR)

tsëk ’usa’ n. ʘ^lm

> ’usa bidekw’ëts “spout” see under kw’ëts

’usdlus, ’uslus n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑si’usdlus ʘ^dm ‑‑‑‑’Usdlus ’et stan. ‑‑‑‑’Usdlus bï widinedzuc. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑’Usdlus ’ey c’ide’ hiyï nighelhc’ilhdïlh. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑’Uslus ’adic ’iyeyïlïlh. [cf. O-lh-dluc “lead, tow O”]

’uy exp. ʘ^mf expression used at end of song or dance.

’West’es prsn. ʘ^sa Likhsilyu chief name; variant of West’es. (Jenness Wisteˑs)

’Wïkikh prsn. ʘ^sa Tsayu chief name.

’Wos prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name; less common variant of Wos. (DD, ElM/JK 78:20 ’wos) [compare Git, Nass, Tsim ’woos “monster”]

A

ak’iy

‑ak’iy, ‑ek’iy n. (pl ‑ak’iykë) ‑‑‑‑sak’iy ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑sak’iykë ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑bek’iy ʘ^aj ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Henry bek’iy ʘ^sa

dilkw’akh bek’iy n.

B

b

b‑, bi‑ npf. ‑‑‑‑buzï’ ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Ggin Lusiy bitsëghe’ yunt’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Hots bilhtsen nlï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ggin Mary bilhtsen yik’ëntsiy’. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Bile niwh’ah. ʘ^hn

b‑, bi‑ ppf. with third person subject; optionally null before b initial postposition.

0‑: ‑‑‑‑Be tsolnïh. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Kwa be ’idïnïh. ʘ^gm

b‑: ‑‑‑‑Kwa bibe ’idïnïh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Bilh yelhdic. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nggin bilh tosye’. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Lhic bïnigilgit. ʘ^ib

bi‑: ‑‑‑‑Darlene bighints’izdïl. ‑‑‑‑Silic bighewesëne’. ʘ^cm ‑‑‑‑Bibe tsolyilnïh. ʘ^ha

Badïs prsn. ʘ^ib [from Fr Baptiste]

balhats n. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Balhats nïts’iwta’alh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Balhats nets’iwta’alh. ‑‑‑‑Balhats wenï lhic’its’olïh. ’Elh yis k’it witah lhinec’its’olïh. ʘ^ib For further example(s) of balhats see dekh¹ (under mot). [from U’in Wit’en?]

be¹

‑be p. In the phrase X beyikh (“building for X”), beyikh unexpectedly forms a single word (stress on be), rather than X be yikh.. ‑‑‑‑bibe ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Siy sbe wighewilne’. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Uzï be si’ay. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Lhok hibe siclht’ë. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sbe tënedïndlïh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Dibe lhk’u nedlï. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Niwhbe yetalhdic. ʘ^gm For further examples of ‑be see ’akh² (under h-n‑D‑’akh); dzin¹ (under impf).

skak be pp. ‑‑‑‑Skak be ’indzin. ʘ^sa ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Skak be ’indzin dzikh nisizit. ʘ^wj ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Skak be ’igegh. ʘ^sa

> ‑be ’i#w-l‑’ën “be lucky” see under ’ën²

> ‑be lh‑’iy “wait for” see under ’iy (e)

> Tl’o Be Yis “unnamed marsh” see under cis²

> ‑be ’i#w-dzin “should (have)” see under dzin¹

> Ggusgï Be Winï “unnamed lake” see under ggusgï

> ‑be nï#w-kat “have a vision” see under kat³

> ‑be nï#w-kat “have a vision” see under kat³

> ‑be li-le#d-l‑k’in “wave hand up and down at” see under k’in¹

> ghu ‑be ’ilyegh “dentures” see under ghu

> ‑be ’i#w-D‑lekh “be fortunate, lucky” see under lekh²

> ‑be ’i#n-zin “be fussy about (food)” see under zin

> ‑be n-t’ic “root, cheer for” see under t’ic

> ‑be d-l‑tsit “wave at” see under tsit⁴ (e)

> ‑be w-k’in#h-lh-yï’ “advise, give advice to” see under yï’ (e)

be²

Winilbe Cis pn. (Gaz Wenelbee (Namox), Wenelbee U-H‑Khot “mountain peak/boundary”, Wenelbee (U-H‑Khot), Wenelbee (Samooh) “small ridge/boundary”; AJ/JK 86‑2:27 wenelbee “?”)

Winilbe Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz Wenelbee Ts’anlii (U-H‑Khot), (Samooh) “McKilligan Creek” “creek/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:27 wenelbee ts’anlii)

Winilbe K’is’ay pn. (Gaz Wenelbee K’es’aay “swamp”, AJ/JK 86‑2:30 wenelbee “?” k’es’aay “it is on it”)

be’

dur	be’	be’	be’	be’
durneg	be’	be’	be’	be’

be’ n. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Be’ ’iyeyïlïlh, khiyt hit’alh wenï. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ ts’aku be’ hiyï sile. Bï c’itin welew. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) For further example(s) of be’ see ggï¹ (under caus).

be’ beyikh n. ʘ^sa ʘ^vg

sacide be’ n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Sacide be’, bilikhnï nin hiytitsic. ʘ^ib

’enï so’ hibibe’ exp.

‑yebe’ n. variant of ‑yeben’. ‑‑‑‑c’iyebe’ ʘ^aj ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑ggïs yebe’ ʘ^ib

Lhëz Be’ pn. (Gaz ɬeez Be’, ɬeez be’ “Mount Loring” “mountain/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:45 ɬeez “dirt” be’ “dry salmon”, AJ/JK 86‑2:34 ɬeez “dirt” be’ “dry salmon”)

O-be’ v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑C’embe’. ‑‑‑‑Nec’entbe’. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’ëmbe’. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑C’ëëmbe’. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Hoc’inïmbe’.

> be’ yin “dried fish backbones” see under yin³

Bec prsn.

bedegh

‑bedegh ne#O-u‑D‑ vpf. (s,s mom clf-mot) ‑‑‑‑Uzï yibedegh neyust’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lhbedegh neeyusdle. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Mbedegh newzigilcoz. ‑‑‑‑Mbedegh newzist’ay.

bekh¹

bekh n. (GH/SH)

bekh² war

cont	bekh	begh	bekh	bekh
contneg	bek	bikh	bek	bek
mom	bekh	begh	bikh	bekh
momneg	bek	bikh	bik	bek
prog	bikh
progneg	bik
cust	bikh
custneg	bik

bikh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa (“they constructed what is called Baxk ba yax, a sort of raid shelter literally ’war house’ same as a long house. The weapon that was used was Tsa na bealh, swinging rock. They built this house and tied a big rock to the beam. As the enemy entered they let the suspended rock swing. The rock hit the enemy in the forehead,” Sarah Tait (Chief Wïhilayt), EDIOL 152) ‑‑‑‑bikh cin

bikhin n. (pr bikhiʹn) ʘ^lm ʘ^mf (pl bikhnï) (pr biʹkhnï) ʘ^mf (pl bikhinï) (pr bikhiʹnï) ʘ^lm (Jenness “Baxchan (War-leader)” (a Gidimt’en chief name))

‑bekh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Ïbikh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Hëbikh. ʘ^sa

cont ‑‑‑‑Nisibegh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Naazbegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nisisbegh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bilh nisisbegh. ʘ^mf

mom ‑‑‑‑Tëzbegh. ʘ^ib

cust ‑‑‑‑Tibikh.

> Bikh C’idilyïh “range between Emerson Cr. and Houston Tommy Cr.” see under yïh⁴

bekh³, begh shore

cont	bekh	begh	bekh	bekh
contneg	bek	bikh	bek	bek
mom	bekh	begh	bikh	bekh
momneg	bek	bikh	bik	bek
prog	bikh
progneg	bik

‑bekh v. [cf. ‑begh “edge”]

prog ‑‑‑‑To ïbikh. ʘ^ib

cont ‑‑‑‑Lhim nisibegh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑To ninestbegh. ʘ^ib

mom ‑‑‑‑To tëzbegh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑To widïmbegh. ʘ^ib

‑begh n. ‑‑‑‑bibegh ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑c’iziz bibegh ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑c’ikwah begh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah begh niye. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑k’az begh (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 k’aaz beegh) ‑‑‑‑Tiy begh widïzggï. ‑‑‑‑Bin begh ïyelh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Bin begh tin hozlï’. [cf. ‑bekh “flood”]

kwin begh n. ʘ^sa

kwin begh n. (Sialia currucoides) (JG/JK 78:16 kwin begh “mt. blue bird”, JM/JK 78:60 kwin begh “mt. blue bird”, JK/MnA 88:13 kon bee “bluebird”,)

c’ibegh si’ay, c’ibesi’ay n. ʘ^fn ʘ^fn

‑debegh n. (w) ‑‑‑‑bidebegh ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Sdebegh newditask’in. ʘ^ib

tsë begh n.

C’ikwah Begh pn. (Gaz C’ekwe Beegh “camp”, AJ/JK 86‑2:35 c’ekwe “creek” beegh “edge”)

Scinlegh Begh n. (AJ/JK 89:12 sken legh begh “Aug-Sept”; DD, ElM JK 78:24 “Aug-Sept” scinlegh “(timberline)” begh/bis [n)scinleghe bes])

tabegh n. ʘ^ib ʘ^sa

Tabegh Tiy pn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa (Gaz Tabeeghtay “Toboggan Lake”, “lake” “home place”; CA/JK 78:74 tabegh tiy “Toboggin Lake”, AJ/JK 86:44 tabeegh “beach” tay “trail”; Jenness ta’perte “trail beside the water”)

k’az begh n. ʘ^ib (Lagopus leucurus)

wibegh n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wibegh naadïlh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wibegh ïskwiz. ʘ^lm

w-be#d‑ vpf. (0,e mom

mot ‑‑‑‑Wibedïnye. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Ts’iy wibedïnkiy. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ mosënyel niwhtanïnye dambalas naalï. Hiyilh wibedïndïl. ʘ^ib (LM/DR)

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Wibeydïn’ay. ʘ^ib For further example(s) of clf-mot see ’a² (under Wibets’ezdïlïh).

yebegh n. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yebegh ts’itasyelh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ghede’ yebegh ts’oonye. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ghede’ yebegh ts’oonege. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yebegh ts’aneedïl. ʘ^lm

yebegh wit’en n. ʘ^lm

yebe# vpf. (s,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Yebesënyeyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yebesisye. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yebesënye. ʘ^lm

‑nebegh n. ‑‑‑‑binebegh ʘ^sa ʘ^mn

nebe#(d‑) vpf. (s,s mom

mot¹ ‑‑‑‑Nebensenyeyh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nebeyizggiz. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Bin begh nebesiye. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nebesizut. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nebesi’ay. ‑‑‑‑Skak nebetl’aadïlhts’iy. ʘ^vg For further example(s) of mot¹ see zut (under mom).

clf-mot¹ ‑‑‑‑Lidï ’usa nebeyiz’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Tsë nebeydïzle. ʘ^vg

nebe#(d‑) vpf. (s,e neu

clf ‑‑‑‑Nebedïzdle.

pos ‑‑‑‑Nebedïztëz. ‑‑‑‑Nebeedïlhts’iy.

ext ‑‑‑‑Dik hotiy nebewdïz’a. ‑‑‑‑Nebetiyhoz’a. ‑‑‑‑Nebedïzts’iy. ʘ^vg

nebeoz’a n.

bitiy nebenïz’a n. ʘ^vg

‑nebe# vpf. (s,s mom

succ ‑‑‑‑Binebesentalh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yinebesital. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yinebesilhcis. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Liztiyh bï yinebesit’az. ʘ^vg

nebe#d‑ vpf. (prog) ‑‑‑‑Nebedïsyelh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Awilhdzïn nebedïyeyh. ʘ^vg

‑nebe#d‑ vpf. (?,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Binebedïzisye. ‑‑‑‑Yikh winebedïsdit’az. ‑‑‑‑Yikh winebeedita’is.

nebe#d‑ vpf. (s,s mom

clf-mot² ‑‑‑‑Nebedïzïn’ayh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Libot nebedïzis’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nebedïzïnkayh. ʘ^vg ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nebedïziwhlïh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nebendïzis’ay.

mot ‑‑‑‑Nebeduclhghïs. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebeydilhghïs. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebedidilghïs. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebezdilhghïs. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebeeydilhghis. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebedïlhghïs. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebedïzïlhghïs. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebedïziwhlhghïs. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nebezdïzkwiz. ʘ^bo ʘ^bn

succ ‑‑‑‑Nebeozggït. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nebeydïzt’az.

> nebewdïst’ay “basin, bowl, amphitheatre, hill curved in circle” see under ’a²

> yebegh bï winil’ën “television” see under ’ën¹

> Tacot Tabegh “site at north end of Tyhee L.” see under cot

> Tandet Tabegh “unnamed lake” see under det

> yebegh bï yedic “radio” see under dic²

> tabelhggec “home-run, homer” see under ggeyh

> c’ibegh bilh nic’initkiy’ “trim” see under kiy’¹ (a)

> debegh bï widitk’in “lipstick” see under k’in³ (ë a)

> bï winebegh widitk’in “eye liner” see under k’in³ (ë a)

> nebeghe “eyelash” see under ghe²

> Tasdlïz Tabegh “Kathlyn L. village site” see under lïz

> yebegh mï’ “store-bought fruit” see under mï’

> Cis Tik’it Tabegh “site on Tchesinkut L.” see under tah²

> yebegh nit’ay “store-bought fruit” see under t’ay

> Bilïts Begh C’onïstl’o see under tl’iw

> nebe#n-ts’agh “be round” see under ts’agh²

> Nde’ Wibezdïyeyh “hill near Springhill” see under ye⁵

> Nu’ Wibezdïyeyh “site near Springhill” see under ye⁵

belh (il) wide

neu	bel	bel	bel	bel
neuneg	bel	bel	bel	bel
cont	belh	bel	belh	belh
contneg	betl	bilh	betl	betl
conc	bilh	bilh	bilh	bilh
concneg	bitl	bilh	bitl	bilh
dur	bil	bil	bil	bil
durneg	bil	bilh	bil	bil
mom	belh	bel	bilh	belh
momneg	betl	bilh	bitl	betl
prog	bilh

‑bel v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑’Et sibel. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑C’o’ats nelhdic bikak yizbel. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) For further examples of ‑bel see nï² (under pos); ts’uh¹ (under ‑ts’uh).

t’ayik sibel n. ‑‑‑‑bit’ayik sibel ʘ^ib

tl’ët sibel n. ʘ^ib

c’itl’akh sibel n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑C’itl’akh sibel bik’it sentiy.

tëtët sibel n. ʘ^ib

tëtiwegh sibel n. For example(s) for tëtiwegh sibel see ghet² (under (ne#)O-ghet).

yin’ sibel n. ʘ^ib For examples for yin’ sibel see ghet² (under (ne#)O-ghet); lhdiyï.

yin’ dïzbel n. ʘ^ib

ka k’isibel n.

lïlï k’isibel n. ʘ^ib

lidap k’isibel n. ʘ^ib ʘ^hn

‑ts’in k’isibel n. ‑‑‑‑bits’in k’isibel ʘ^ib

wikadïmbel n. ʘ^ib

caus ‑‑‑‑T’ayik c’iselhbel. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑’Ey k’ay yin’ nïïdïnïlhbel. Yin’ tinewitggis wighewewilne’. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic k’its’ilhbel. ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic k’inegilbel. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Dzik yik’ic’olhbel. ʘ^dr For further examples of caus see ka⁵ (under ‑ka#); yin’.

‑k’ë-ne#O-lh-belh v. ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic sk’ënelhbelh. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bi’at zih bik’ëc’ëclhbel. ‑‑‑‑K’ënec’ëlbel. ʘ^dr

‑e#bilh v. ‑‑‑‑Bidetic lhc’it silhtan. Gee, detic lhë’ nibelh. Hinslah sis ’oh ïyelh so’ ts’e’in, yesibilh. Sis tabï ’agh honetsëlcot. ’Oh de’ detic lhc’it silhtan. ʘ^wj

O-n‑lh-bilh v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑C’aanïlhbilh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑C’inïziclhbilh. ʘ^ib For further example(s) of O-n‑lh-bilh see yin’.

‑belh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Nebedïsbilh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Kwa nebec’idïbilh. ʘ^ib

nebezdïbilh n.

bilh nebec’idïbilh, nebec’idïbilh n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Vancouver ts’iztadilh. Sak’iy bizuh ts’iditalts’elh. PNE ts’iztadilh. Nebec’idïbilh ts’iweztasditl. (LM:skak)

cont ‑‑‑‑Nibelh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑bï nisbelh ʘ^ib

nibelh n. ʘ^bo ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Nibelh bï c’oolhges. ʘ^cd

’ulhcoh nibelh, ’ulhc’oh nibelh n. ʘ^ib ʘ^lm

bit’ats detic nibelh n. ʘ^ib

tsë nibelh n. ʘ^cd ʘ^ib (AJ/JK 89:11 tsë nebéɬ “dangling rock used to booby trap”) (“The weapon that was used was Tsa na bealh, swinging rock. They built this house and tied a big rock to the beam. As the enemy entered they let the suspended rock swing. The rock hit the enemy in the forehead,” Sarah Tait (Chief Wïhilayt), EDIOL 152)

Tsë Nibelh pn. (AJ/JK 86‑2:29 Tsee “rock” nebeeɬ “swinging” “used as a weapon in wars”)

kw’isdide lhë’ nibelh n. ʘ^ib

k’its’izde lhë’ nibelh n. ʘ^ib

mom ‑‑‑‑Kwa denisbel.

c’-lh-belh v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Nec’its’ilhbelh. ‑‑‑‑Nec’ilhbel. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nec’its’ilhbel.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nic’ilhbelh. ʘ^ib

‑bil v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Ïmbil. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Skak hibil. ʘ^ib

yï hibil n. ʘ^ib

kw’isdide yï hibil n. ʘ^ib

k’its’izde hiyï hibil n. ʘ^ib

skak yï hibil n. ʘ^ib

caus ‑‑‑‑Skak ïlhbil. ʘ^ib

bel adj. ‑‑‑‑muts bel

nïmbel n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nïmbel ’et sibel. ‑‑‑‑Nïmbel ’et silhcoz. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nïmbel ’et si’ay. ʘ^ib

sonïmbel n.

> nïmbel ts’edik hodïn’a “teepee” see under ’a³

> nïzdilbel “veil, hat with veil, scarf, shawl” see under nï²

> nibelh tsë “sinker for trolling” see under tsë³

Belonic prsn. ʘ^ib variant of Bilonic. ‑‑‑‑Belonic ben ʘ^gm [from Eng]

ben¹

> ‑en “mother of” see under en

ben²

lhok ben yikh n. ʘ^gm ʘ^wj variant of lhok bin yikh. ‑‑‑‑Mom bilok ben yikh, din bin’ hots ’ohiy yegh hots bilh hogilggïh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑K’ay, sic silok ben yikh wist’iy. Tsin’ wec’ëzisyec. ʘ^gm

ben’

‑yeben’ n. ‑‑‑‑c’iyeben’ ʘ^cm [< yet “flesh” + ben’ “edge”]

bep

‑bep n. ‑‑‑‑sbep ʘ^ib ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑bibep ʘ^lm ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑bawah bibep ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Mbï nyibep? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Tommy Michell sibep ’indzin. ʘ^hn For further example(s) of ‑bep see yen² (under n-D‑yen). [compare Git baap “father” (voc.)]

‑tsets bibep n. ‑‑‑‑Skak dibep bilh ’oh neet’is. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑stsets bibep ʘ^ib ʘ^bo

‑yilhbep n. ‑‑‑‑Biyilhbep yinïlhye. ʘ^ib

‑ilhtsen lhk’un bibep n. ‑‑‑‑nyilhtsen lhk’un bibep ʘ^sa

‑ilhtëhts’iy lhk’un bibep n.

bes

mom	bes	bez	bis	bes
momneg	bets	bis	bits	bets
cont	bes	bez	bes	bes
prog	bis
progneg	bits
cust	bis

‑bes v. ‑‑‑‑Nebenïzbez. ʘ^ib ʘ^gm

sa hambez n. ʘ^ib

l-bes v. often occurs with n‑ round.

prog ‑‑‑‑Ïlbis ‑‑‑‑Nebedïlbis. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Sun nï’in’a nïlbis. ʘ^hn

caus ‑‑‑‑’Ohiy yiw yinïlhbis. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑’Ats nïlhbis. ʘ^ib

cont ‑‑‑‑Ninilbes. ‑‑‑‑Nidilbes. ‑‑‑‑Ninïlhbez. ʘ^ib

caus ‑‑‑‑Niynïlhbez. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nic’inilhbes.

mom ‑‑‑‑’Ats holbez. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Widïlbez. (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 wedelbeez “he rolled in”) ‑‑‑‑Wididlin ’adic widïlbez. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Denïlbez. (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 deeniilbeez) ‑‑‑‑Dedïlbez. (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 deediilbeez) ‑‑‑‑Windinïzisditilh. Dighitëzigilbez. ʘ^wj

sa nebec’ilhbez n. ʘ^ib

caus ‑‑‑‑’Ats hoynïlhbez. ʘ^ib

lht’a#n-l‑bes v. (s,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Lht’anïlhbez. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is lht’anïzigilbez. ʘ^ib

cust ‑‑‑‑Lht’anilbis. ʘ^ib

Scinlebes n. (Jenness skyanlereˑpes “when full moon comes up over the last line of trees on the mountain side”, “Aug.‑Sept.”) [< scinlegh “timberline” + ‑bes “round (full moon)”]

këlebes n. ʘ^ib (JM, ElM/JK 78:78 keleebes “round s.s. (temporary)”)

bet n. ʘ^ib ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhk’iy bet zih ’et silhcoz. ʘ^ib (LM/DR)

’it’ën bet n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑’It’ahnï ’it’ën bet bïïdïlhnic. ʘ^ib (LM/DR)

lïgga bet n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lïgga bet hiyï ’inedil’iyh. ʘ^vg (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 liga beet “gloves”) [from Fr les gants]

lhic bet n. ʘ^ib ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Lhic bet nts’oonle? (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 ɬek beet “dog gloves”)

bi’

bi’, bibi’, bawbi’ n. ʘ^bm ʘ^lm ʘ^ib (LM/DR)

bibi’ exp. eat.

O-lh-bi’ v. ‑‑‑‑Sidebegh lhëwiclhbi’. ʘ^lm

d-l‑bi’ v. ‑‑‑‑Dilbi’. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm

dilbi’ kë n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Dilbi’ kë bïsis’ëz. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Dilbi’ kë bïsi’ëz. Dilbi’ kë kë tl’akh stan k’ëltsiy. (LM/DR)

> bidiydïn’ay “jar lid” see under di⁴

bih, bibih, biwih n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^gh ʘ^sa voc. (CA/JK 73‑75:95 baabe “daddy”; AJ/JK 89:14 bah “daddy” (wife calls husband))

bik ball

cont	bik	bik	bik	bik
contneg	bik	bik	bik	bik

l-bik v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nidïlbik. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hiyï nidilbik. ‑‑‑‑Naadïlhbik. ʘ^ib

naadilbik n. ʘ^ib ʘ^ha ʘ^sa

O-n‑lh-bik v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑U’in co’ yintolhbik. ʘ^hn

c’inelbik n. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa (MA/JK 78:1 c’inelbik) ‑‑‑‑C’inelbik bï noolyekh. ‑‑‑‑C’inelbik nï’ netëlhtl’es. ʘ^sa

yis c’inelbik n.

> bik’its c’iniggï “drying rack for fish or berries” see under ggï¹

bikw

ni#d-l‑bikw v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Binïn nidïlhbikw. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Dedïlbikw? (Dendinïlbikw?)

caus ‑‑‑‑Nidïziclhbikw. ʘ^ib

> Bilh Diydï’ayh see under dik

bilh n. ʘ^mn ʘ^lm (psd ‑bil) ‑‑‑‑Tabï bilh k’ëntsiy’. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Mbil bighewh lhonye’. ʘ^lm

> bilh nebec’idïbilh “ferris wheel, amusement park” see under belh (il)

> bilh ts’iztiy “nightgown, pajamas” see under të

bilas n. ʘ^ib ʘ^wj [from Eng molasses]

> bilikhnï “some people” see under likh

> bilhnet “second time, next time” see under nek¹

bin¹ fill

cont	bin	bin	bin	bin
contneg	bin	bïl	bin	bin
conc	bin	bin	bin	bin
concneg	bin	bïl	bin	bin
cust	bïh

bin n. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ((d)) ‑‑‑‑Bin ’et si’ay. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Bin k’it ts’iy bï naakë. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhots diyik winï. Wilikhtah bin k’it winï. ʘ^ib (LM/DR)

Bin Co pn.

d-bin v. (0,s conc) ‑‑‑‑Sbit dïzbin. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Hibilh hintadibin. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Hoyindinïlhbin. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Ska’ sbe nedïlhbin’. ʘ^ib unusual final syllable bin’. ‑‑‑‑Lhk’italhbin.

cust ‑‑‑‑Dibïh.

‑ca#w-d‑bin v. ‑‑‑‑Scawdïzbin. ʘ^ib

d-bin v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑To nidïzbin. ʘ^ib

t-lh-bin v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Kitamat to tëlhbin. ʘ^gm

to tëlhbin n. ʘ^ib ʘ^gm

can to tëlhbin n. ʘ^ib

Lhëdilbin pn. (Gaz ɬeedel ben “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:34 ɬeedelben “lakes connected”)

Talbin Kwah pn. ʘ^bo

> Bin Lhiledilye “unnamed lake” see under legh²

> bin k’it wilok “lake fish” see under lhok

bin² prevent

nigit bin n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nigit bin yit’iy. ʘ^ib

hilk’it bin n. ʘ^ib (Geum macrophyllum) (MnA/JK 78:76 hilk’it bin “coltsfoot”)

bin³ [cf. min “roof”]

’il bin yikh n. ʘ^vg

lhok bin yikh n. ʘ^vg (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 ɬook ben yax “smokehouse”)

khiyt bin yikh n. ʘ^vg ʘ^ha (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 xiit ben yax “winter smokehouse”) ‑‑‑‑Biyin’ tah khiyt bin yikh hiybe nïwta’alh. ʘ^sa

bin’ n. ʘ^aj ʘ^ib ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hadïh, bin’ honzu. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bin’ ’awitsic tsawilhggis. ‑‑‑‑Lhalhde’ bin’ witsanesge. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Bin’ wec’isis’atl. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Dic’ats naadïlh bin’ daadïdïlh. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhalhde’ bin’ ’its’ët’ën’. ʘ^lm ʘ^ib (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhkan bin’ lha’izditanïlh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further examples of bin’ see nïh² (under impf); zit¹ (ï) (under cust).

tsësde’ bin’ n. ʘ^ib ʘ^gm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsësde’ bin’ sa’ dinedïs(t)ge. ʘ^ib ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

> bin’ hit’alh “breakfast” see under ’alh

> Bin’ Dizdinikh Bin “unnamed lake” see under nikh² (e)

> bini’iyh “gun sight” see under ’ën¹

bis

bis k’it n. ʘ^ib

biz

conc	biz	biz	biz	biz
concneg	biz	bis	biz	biz
mom	bïs	biz	bis	bïs
momneg	bïts	bis	bits	bïts
cust	biz

O-biz v.

conc ‑‑‑‑Yizbiz. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑C’isditbiz. ʘ^aj ʘ^gh

cust ‑‑‑‑Ïsbiz.

cont ‑‑‑‑Niyibiz. ʘ^ib

mom ‑‑‑‑Lhk’ësembïs. ‑‑‑‑Lhk’ënesisbiz. ʘ^ib

> Bizil co “Holy ghost, Holy spirit” see under zil¹

Bist’iy’ prsn. ʘ^mf Likhts’amisyu chief name. (CA, AlM/JK 86:9 besde’ “grouse” “Fred George”; Jenness Biste’i (Tsimshian word meaning “Grouse”))

bit

‑bit n. ‑‑‑‑bibit ʘ^mn ʘ^lm ʘ^fn ‑‑‑‑c’ibit ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bibit k’it nilggït. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sbit nesikwiz. ʘ^ib

Ditnï Bit pn. (Gaz Detnii Bet (Gyologet), Detnii Bet (K’hay La’h), Detnii Bet (Skokum Wasas) “mountain peak” “mountain/boundary” “Nelgii Range”; AJ/JK 86:39 detnii bet “groundhog’s belly”)

Cas Bit prsn. ʘ^cm ʘ^hm ʘ^bo ʘ^lm C’ilhts’ëkhyu chief name. (Jenness Chasbit, Tcaspit “second chief of the Thin House clan” (Yikh Ts’iwit’an’))

‑yïsdebit n.

> ‑bit dekh “entrance to, upper part of stomach” see under dekh¹

> bit ghe#ne “cook for oneself” see under ne⁵

> c’ibit sdoh “pot-bellied stove” see under sdoh

> bit’awec’esnec “virgin” see under ne⁵

biyolhggikw n. ʘ^ib variant of bïyolhggikw. (Rubus idaeus)

bï swim

cont	bï	bï	bïlh	bï’
contneg	bï’	bïl	bïtl	bï’
mom	bïh	bï	bïlh	bï’
momneg	bïc	bïl	bïtl	bï’
cust	bïh
custneg	bïc
prog	bïlh
progneg	bïtl

‑bï v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Kwandïts ïbïlh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Ts’ëbïlh. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑C’ikën yits’ah netbïlh niwhlh’ën. (Ce Ult’akh (song))

caus ‑‑‑‑Celh c’ëlhbïlh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑C’ëëlhbïlh. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm

cont ‑‑‑‑Nic’ibï. ‑‑‑‑Nisibï. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nisisbï. ʘ^hn For further example(s) of cont see lï⁴ (under cust).

wets niwibï n. ʘ^ib

cust ‑‑‑‑Nibïh. For further example(s) of cust see k’ële (under k’ële#t‑).

mom ‑‑‑‑Witsambïh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Hitsanetbï. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nenïmbï. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Yilh dic’anïmbï. ʘ^ib

cust ‑‑‑‑Yisibïh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nebïh.

> bï c’iditghïlh “plane, drawknife, scraper” see under ghïlh

> bï c’idïl’ilh “float” see under ’ëlh²

> bï nec’olkat “patch, patching material” see under kat²

> bï wighinide “Talking Stick” see under ye⁵

bïh

‑ne#l-bïh v. ‑‑‑‑C’inelbïh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Nduwa sinelbïh? ʘ^ib

bïlh n. ʘ^ha ʘ^ib ʘ^lm (psd ‑bïlh, ‑mbïlh) ‑‑‑‑kikh bïlh ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑tsalic bïlh ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑tsalic mbïlh ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑tsa mbïlh ʘ^cd ʘ^ib ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bïlh bï c’ika ’it’ah. ʘ^cd For further example(s) of bïlh see t’a³ (under unload).

Bïlh Lhk’iy Kwah pn. (Gaz Biiɬ K’ee Kwe “creek”, AJ/JK 86:30 Bïlh K’ë Kwikh “snare-place-lake”)

Bïlh K’it Netiy pn.

Bïlh K’ëkwah pn. (AJ/JK 86‑2:30 Biiɬ “snare” K’ee “place” Kwe “lake”)

Ts’enco Mbïlh K’ët pn. (Gaz Tseen coo embiiɬ K’eet “lake”, AJ/JK 86:41 Tseencoo “swan” embiilh “net” k’eet “place”)

Khikh Mbïlh K’ët pn. (Gaz Xex embiiɬ K’eet “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:36 xex “goose” embiiɬ “net” k’eet “place”)

witso’ bïl, witsobïl n. ʘ^ib ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Dicin tah witso’ bïl winï. ʘ^ib (LM/DR)

lhok mbïlh n. ʘ^ib ʘ^cd

lhok mbïlh co n. (LM/DR)

kambïlh n. ʘ^ib ʘ^ha ʘ^lm no possessed form. ‑‑‑‑Kambïlh, tsalic tl’i kikh hibika nïïyilïh. ʘ^ib (LM/DR) [cf. ggikh “rabbit”]

> nebïlhdïlye “caribou fence” see under le³ (ï)

> lhok mbïlh tsë’ “fishnet sinker” see under tsë³

Bïlonic prsn. ʘ^ib variant of Belonic. [from Eng]

> Bïnï see under ënï¹ (ïnï)

bïs¹

bïs n. (PN/SH)

bïs²

bïs n. (psd ‑bïs) [compare Dak pîs “augiteporphyrite” Morice 1892‑3]

Bïs Winï pn. (Gaz Biis Wenii “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:39 Biis “?arrowhead stone” Wenii)

bïz

ts’o bïz n. ʘ^ib

bïsk’iy n. ʘ^aj ʘ^ib (Larus family)

bïsk’iy yez n.

> Bïsk’iy Winilhyekh “site near Atna Bay” see under ye¹ (ekh)

> bïznïlh’ay “mask” see under ’a²

bït n. ‑‑‑‑Bït winï. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Bït lhok mbïlh bï hiyulïwh bin k’it. Tsëh tëlhghïl t’ak’ët ’aayilh’ah. Hiyits’ah nïlhggïh. (LM/DR)

Bït Winï pn. (Gaz Biit Wenii)

Bït Yez Winï pn. (Gaz Biit yeez wenii “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:37 Biit “char” Yeez “little” Wenii “for”)

> Bït Ndet “Binta L.” see under det

> Bït C’inïsdey “Bednesti L.” see under dey

> bït “hanging valley” see under ët (e ï)

bïts¹

‑bïts n. ‑‑‑‑sbïts ʘ^sa ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑bibïts ʘ^sa

bïts²

‑bïts p. ‑‑‑‑Niwhbïts naadïlh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Hibibïts nisye. ʘ^ib [< b 3sg + ïts “inside”]

dinï bïts pp. (AJ/JK 86:22 denii biits “inside at feast”) ‑‑‑‑Dinï bïts yeelhdic. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Tl’ëde’ dinï bïts niwewgilyikh. ‑‑‑‑dinï bïts wozï’ ʘ^sa

Bïtsiy prsn.

Bïwinï pn. ʘ^ib (Gaz Biiwenii Ben “Owen Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:21 Biiwenii “char for” Ben, Jenness bitwinni)

Bïwinï Cëk pn. (Gaz Biiwenii Ceek “river junction/home place”, AJ/JK 86‑2:21 Biiwenii Ceek)

Bïwinï Kwah pn. (Gaz Biiwenii Kwe “creek”)

Bïwinï Tëzdlï pn. (Gaz Biiwenii Teezdlii “headwaters”, AJ/JK 86‑2:21 Biiwenii Teezdliiz, Jenness tazgli kwa “a creek that flows into Owen Lake”)

Bïwinï Tl’at pn. (Gaz Biiwenii Tl’aat “headwaters”, AJ/JK 86‑2:21 Biiwenii Tl’aat)

bïyolhggikw n. ʘ^ib variant of biyolhggikw. (Rubus idaeus)

boninï n. ʘ^ha ʘ^ib ʘ^sa ʘ^gm For examples for boninï see ghïl¹ (under witanïlhghïl); tsiy’² (under ‑k’ë#tsiy’). [from Fr bonne année]

Bu prsn. ʘ^sa Tsayu chief name.

bu’

conc	bu’	bu’	bu’	bu’
concneg	bu’	bu’	bu’	bu’

‑bu’ n. (w) (AJ/JK 86:38 ‑bu’ “child’s rectum”) ‑‑‑‑Bibu’ winec’elhdekh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bibu’ winec’ëlhdegh. ʘ^ib

O-n‑bu’ v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Yinïzbu’. ʘ^ib ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nyinïzbu’. ʘ^al ‑‑‑‑Yinïstbu’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sinïnbu’. (JG/JK 78:37)

Ts’ilbu’ prsn.

> bï niwhbu’ winec’idekh “toilet paper” see under dekh²

> bu’ nets’ilhtl’iw “G-string, loin cloth, bikini bottom” see under tl’iw

> bu’ tl’iw “G-string, loin cloth, diaper (baby talk)” see under tl’iw

budah n. ʘ^ib ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Misdus hiyinilhwis ’ey budah hiyilhnï. ʘ^ib [from Eng]

> budah bït ’iyetnïlh “butter mold” see under gegh

bulh’ay n. [cf. ’a² “3D object is”]

Bulh’ay Kwah pn. (Gaz Buɬ’aay Kwe McQuarrie Creek“, AJ/JK 86‑2:16 buuɬ’aay kwe ”start something and everybody does it")

buzu n. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Buzu niwhdisnï. ʘ^al ʘ^lm [from Fr bon jour]

C

c¹

‑c nsf. also used with reflexive possessed object. For examples for ‑c see ’a³ (under tse#lh‑’a); ’akw’is.

> ’adic “himself, herself, themselves, his/her/their own, each other” see under ’adic

> ’anuc “we (by) ourselves” see under ’anu

> ’inuc “we (by) ourselves” see under ’inu

> niwhnic “you (pl.) (by) yourselves” see under niwh¹

> nyic “you (sg.) (by) yourself” see under nyin

> sic “I (by) myself” see under siy

c²

c‑ vpf. 1sg subject prefix, form used before lh followed by a consonant. For example(s) for c‑ see ’a³ (under caus).

ca¹ stomach

‑cat n. ((w)) (MP, SP/JK 73‑75:56 secaat “my insides”; JG/JK 73‑75:67 scaat “my insides”) ‑‑‑‑bicat ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Scat bilh c’ilts’ilh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Scat we c’iweylïh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Bicat we c’iwelew. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Scat tawdïtnic. ʘ^ib

‑cats n. ((w)) ‑‑‑‑bicats ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bicats windide. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Scats bït wilh c’itëlhts’il. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Yicats c’inïlht’az. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Ey tayitsic, lhok bicats. For further example(s) of ‑cats see t’as¹ (under cont).

‑caw n. ‑‑‑‑bicaw ʘ^sm ʘ^lm ʘ^fn ‑‑‑‑sis bicaw ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑T’ak’ët dzilh k’it ditnï ka ’aat’ah ’ey ditnï bicaw ’ey c’inï hiyit’iy. ʘ^ib normally ditnï ha ’aat’ah. For further example(s) of ‑caw see tsiy¹ (under cust).

> bicaydïn’ay “clip, magazine (of gun)” see under ’a²

> ‑ca#w-d‑bin “stomach is full” see under bin¹

> ‑calhdzis “rumen, tripe” see under calhdzis²

> cadïnde “human fetus” see under de³

> ‑cac’isgguc “navel, belly button (of adult)” see under gguc¹

> ‑ca#O-lh-kat “gut, take O (guts) out” see under kat¹

> ne-ca#w-k’u’ “hunch with stomach pain” see under k’u’¹

> ‑ca#O-le “gut, remove guts from” see under le³ (ï)

> ‑calhiz “bladder” see under lhiz

> ca#w‑(D‑)nic “be hungry” see under nïh³

> ca wize “on an empty stomach” see under ze

> cadïlhtiy “animal fetus” see under të

> bik’its c’icats nic’ilt’as “fish-gutting stand” see under t’as¹

> P-ca#O-lh-tl’et “gut, remove guts” see under tl’et

> calhts’il “fetus, newborn baby” see under ts’il²

> ‑ca#w-d‑ts’in “be constipated” see under ts’in²

> ‑cawilts’it “afterbirth, placenta” see under ts’it² (e)

> ‑caneolts’it “afterbirth, placenta” see under ts’it² (e)

ca²

> ca#n-D‑lï “spend the night, camp out” see under le⁴ (ï)

> ca#n-D‑tiy “sg., du./pl. spend the night, camp out” see under të

> ca#n-D‑tës “du./pl. spend the night, camp out” see under tës

ca³

> P-ne-ca#D-legh “P is appreciative, grateful to” see under lekh²

cabun n. ʘ^sa variant of gabun. ‑‑‑‑Cabun bï sts’inïolts’it. ʘ^sa

Cadlen prsn. ʘ^wj variant of Gadlen.

cak

‑cak n. ‑‑‑‑bicak ʘ^mn ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑c’icak ʘ^mf

Tsa Cak To Sile pn.

cakh

‑cakh p.

‑dze cakh n. ‑‑‑‑bidze cakh ʘ^ib ʘ^al

Tsë Cakh pn. ʘ^ib ʘ^ha ʘ^mf (JG/JK 73‑75:74 tseecaax “Hagwilget” “”cliff“ beneath”; Morice 1892‑3:27 Tsé‑tcah “Down against the Rock”) ‑‑‑‑Tsë Cakh ts’anesge. (Jenness Tsekya, tse’kya “Rock-foot”, CA, AlM/JK 86:5 Tse caax “bottom of rock”)

cagh¹

‑cagh v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Ncagh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Nit’ay nïncagh. ʘ^al ‑‑‑‑Weycagh. ʘ^al ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ïncagh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Witsuwit’en dïncagh ‑‑‑‑Hiscagh. ʘ^aj

Cin Dïncagh prsn. ʘ^sa Tsayu chief name.

Honcagh Bin pn. ʘ^al (Gaz Honcaagh Bin “Uncha Lake” “village”, AJ/JK 86‑2:31 honcaagh “big” Ben “lake”)

Honcagh Yis pn. (Gaz Honcaagh Yes “Uncha Mountain”, AJ/JK 86‑2:47 Honcaagh “large” yes “ridge”, AJ/JK 86‑2:31 Honcaagh “large” yes “ridge”)

Honcagh Kwah pn.

Këncagh Bin pn. (Gaz Keen caagh Ben “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:23 keen “beaver lodge” caagh “big” ben “lake”)

cagh²

‑cagh n. ‑‑‑‑Nduwa dicagh dik ditildis? ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Siy scagh ’ey dist’iw, tl’akh niwistalh. ʘ^gm For further examples of ‑cagh see dis² (under dik di#t-l‑dis); ts’agh¹ (under caus).

calh

conc	calh	calh	calh	calh
concneg	catl	cilh	catl	catl

ne#t-calh v. ‑‑‑‑Netencalh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Netëzcalh. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nentëstcalh. ‑‑‑‑Neontinïncalh.

calhdzis¹

calhdzis n. ʘ^al (Hirundo pyrrhonota, Riparia riparia, or Tachycineta thalassina)

calhdzis²

‑calhdzis n. ‑‑‑‑bicalhdzis ʘ^fn ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑c’ic’alhdzis ʘ^mf ʘ^ib ʘ^ha ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Alfred c’icalhdzis yunt’iy’.

Calï prsn. [from Eng]

can n. ʘ^al ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ats can ’it’ah.

> can to tëlhbin “flash flood” see under bin¹

> can to “rain water” see under to

> ne-can#d-tl’it “lightly rain, drizzle” see under tl’it¹ (e)

cas n. ʘ^sm ʘ^sa (psd ‑cas) ‑‑‑‑Cas dikë bï siyïn. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑’Awit cas hanye. ʘ^ha

Cas Yikh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^cd

tëkh cas n.

> Cas ’An “unnamed grizzly bear den” see under ’an

> Cas Bit “Caspit” see under bit

> Cas To Hac’idïnggiz “Foxy Cr.” see under ggiz¹ (ï)

> Cas Lhay Kwah “place on Zymoetz R.” see under lhay

> Cas Legh “site on Owen Cr.” see under legh¹

> Cas Hoc’idïlhnagh “place on Morice L.” see under nikh² (e)

> Cas Nghen “site on? Netalzul Mt.” see under nghen

> tëkh cas sunye “twonie” see under sunye

> Cas Winïc’idïtiy “Brian Boru Pk.” see under tiy³

> Cas Didïnt’ic “unnamed ridge” see under t’ic

> Cas To K’ëntsiy’ “lake near Grouse Mountain, Deep Creek” see under tsiy’²

cay

‑cay n. (pl ‑caykë) ‑‑‑‑bicay ʘ^al ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Sicay hibilh wist’iy. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ncaykë hiley. ‑‑‑‑Cay hist’iy.

Caymin n. ‑‑‑‑Caymin ts’akë’ [from Eng chinaman]

ce¹

‑ce n. ‑‑‑‑bice ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑nce ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑c’ice ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’ayh ce ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bice welew. For further example(s) of ‑ce see ’agh² (under refl).

‑ce’ n. ‑‑‑‑bice’ ʘ^gm

> ‑ce legh “tail end” see under legh²

> ‑cetl’a “tail end (esp. of fish)” see under tl’a¹

> ‑ce ts’in “tail bone” see under ts’in²

ce²

ce-ti# vpf. ‑‑‑‑Cetiniye. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Cetinsiye. ʘ^lm [< ce “?” + tah “among”]

celh n. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ʘ^aj (pl cilkë) (pr cilkëʹ) ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Celh silï’. ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic celh ïnlï. ‑‑‑‑Yilh celh hinlï. ʘ^lm

> cilkë ghïz “mt. ladyslipper, moccasin flower” see under ghïz

cel n. ʘ^al ‑‑‑‑Lhok cel lhëkh. ʘ^lm (AJ/JK 86:21 cel “old spawned out fish”, AlM/JK 86:30 cel “old spawned out salmon”) For further example(s) of cel see ges² (under mom).

Cel Dzil pn. ʘ^vg (Gaz Keel dzel “mountain(s)/boundary”, AJ/JK 86:40 ceel “spawning fish” dzel “mountain”, AJ/JK 86:21 cel dzel “mts for clan”)

> Cel Winïts see under nïts

ces

conc

ces

cez

ces

ces

O‑(n‑)lh-ces v. (0,s) ‑‑‑‑Yilhcez, yinïlhcez. ‑‑‑‑C’ik’agh hiclhces. (JG/JK 73‑75:120 hecɬcees “I am [rendering] fat”) ‑‑‑‑Siclhcez. (JG/JK 73‑75:120 secɬceez “I rendered it”) ‑‑‑‑Taclhces. (JG/JK 73‑75:120 taacɬcees) ‑‑‑‑Uclhces. (JG/JK 73‑75:120 uucɬcees “let me”)

ceyh¹

ceyh n. ʘ^lm abstract noun forming part of several verbs.

> ceyh k’ë#D‑’as “du. survive” see under ’as

> ceyh k’i-nï‑’i#D‑’ën’ “work and survive” see under ’ën’²

> ceyh ‑ka ’i#D‑’ah “work and survive” see under ’ën’³

> ceyh#det “animate is skinny” see under det

> ceyh O-z‑lh-ghï “be exhausted” see under ghï²

> ceyh k’ë#O-le “help pl. survive” see under le³ (ï)

> ceyh k’ë#zit “survive” see under zit¹ (ï)

> ceyh k’ë#d-zit “survive” see under zit¹ (ï)

> ceyh k’ë#O-lh-tiy “help sg. survive” see under të

> ceyh k’ë#d-l‑ts’it “survive” see under ts’it² (e)

ceyh² body

> (di‑)ne-ceyh#O-l‑cot “hug O” see under cot

> di-ceyh#O-u‑l-tan “put arm around O” see under tan¹

> ceyh#l-te “move body” see under të

cey (ciy)

mom	ceyh	cey/ciy	ceyh	cey’
momneg	cec	ceyh	cec	cey’
cont	cey/ciy	cey/ciy	cey/ciy	cey’/ciy’
contneg	cey’/ciy’	ceyh	cey/ciy	cey’/ciy’
cust	ceyh
custneg	cec

D-cey v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nitciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nistciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nutciy’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dik hosye. Ladder sbe dighedïntsiy, winïwh nistcey. ʘ^gm For further example(s) of cont see ni (under ni#h-n‑).

mom ‑‑‑‑’Atciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dus netciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wenin wedïtciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dikë yik’ëtciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hotciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Skak bilaneyïtciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hibighedïtciy. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bileweyïtciyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tentcey. ʘ^mf (“These young people are referred to as Taan d. kii, ”has left the house“” Sarah Tait (Chief Wïhilayt) EDIOL:153) For further examples of mom see ’an (under mot); ta¹ (under mot); ts’a (under ‑ts’a#).

skak bï haneyïtciy n. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz tatciyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Skak hibilanetciyh. ʘ^lm

cëk

‑cëk n. ‑‑‑‑Widzin Kwah cëk (CA, MA/JK 86:1 ‑ceek “river mouth”)

tacëk n. ʘ^lm

nedus bitacëk n. ʘ^ib

> Tselh K’iz Cëk “site on Burns Lake” see under k’iz

> Nelhdzï Cëk “Bulkley-Buck Cr. forks, Houston” see under nelhdzï

> Sgwilïdzïkw Tacëk “mouth of Elliott Cr.” see under Sgwilïdzïkw

> Tsë Zul Cëk Bin “Lu L.” see under zul¹

> Lhiytet Cëk “unnamed place” see under tet

> cëley “lizard, salamander, alligator” see under lhay

cëlhyel n.

cën n. ʘ^gh ʘ^aj (Jenness kyen) ‑‑‑‑k’ay cën ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑cën honlï’ ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑cën de’ ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑K’ay cën lhok welew. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further example(s) of cën see nek¹ (under wilhnet).

cil

‑cil n. (pl ‑cilyu) (Jenness sichal “my brother’s son (man or woman speaking), my wife’s or husband’s brother’s or sister’s son”; DD, ElM/JK 78:22 scil “bro son”; MA/JK 78‑2:24 “sis or bro son” “nephew”) ‑‑‑‑scil ʘ^sa (CA/JK 73‑75:113 scel “my yo. bro.”, SP/JK 75:16 scel “sis-son”) ‑‑‑‑scilyu ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑bicil ʘ^lm

cin¹

cin n. ‑‑‑‑c’itsit mï’ cin For further example(s) of cin see kwit² (under kwit).

detsan cin’ n. (Juniperus scopulorum)

‑cin n. ‑‑‑‑bicin ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑tselh cin ʘ^fn

keyikh wicin n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Keyikh wicin ’enï tsëh haatiyïhnï hënlï’.

cin k’ët n.

C’inkalh Cin K’ët pn. (Gaz C’enkaaɬ Cenk’et “camp”, AJ/JK 86‑2:12 c’enkaalh “wild rice” cen k’et “flat”)

’ayh cin n. ʘ^mf (Acer glabrum var. douglasii) (JG/JK 73‑75:110 ’aayh cen “maple tree”)

gis cin n. ‑‑‑‑Nïdo gis cin bï c’otkët. Bin k’it ’oh hiyï nic’olhges. Kwandoh tah ’ilco. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Gis cin ’ey dï gis hiyï ’indzin. Gis kwandoh ’ilco. (LM/DR)

‑lecin n. ‑‑‑‑bilecin ʘ^mn [< le “hand” + cin “pole”]

‑tsecin n. ‑‑‑‑bitsecin ʘ^mn ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑bitsecin k’ët ʘ^lm

> bicin bits’ayïn’a “straight handle” see under ’a³

> Cin Dilggek “Pine Cr.” see under ggek²

> Gginus Cin “area near unnamed hill” see under gginus

> Ggus Cin “unnamed hill” see under ggus

> ‑kecin “leg, hindlimb (of animal)” see under kecin

> cin ghelh “box, crate, trunk” see under ghelh²

> lecin ghisi’ay “bracelet” see under ghi

> cin dilhghis “grub worm, termite, pine beetle” see under ghis¹ (e)

> cin net “around the woods” see under net¹

> cinskwilh “stump” see under skwilh

> cin dilht’im “woodpecker” see under t’im

> cin tl’ëlh “fire drill, spark maker” see under tl’ëlh

> Cin Ts’olhtl’es “unnamed hill” see under tl’iz (e)

> tsacin “pole cache” see under tsa³

> cin tsetl “glowing, sparking wood” see under tsetl

> tsëcin “pole cache” see under tsë¹

cin²

cin n. ʘ^lm ʘ^aj (psd ‑yin, ‑cin) (d) ‑‑‑‑Cin c’idizu’. ‑‑‑‑Silhtsen be cin ’islegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Cin haydïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Cin dïnghez. ‑‑‑‑dïdikhnï hibicin ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dicin tah witant’elh so’ mbï nghewestasne’. Nenlï wizuh witant’elh. Nenlï to uzïlhts’ay. Mbe cin talïlh. To nenlï ’ey cin nghedita’alh. (LM) For further examples of cin see cot (under pass); cot (under cust); ts’it² (e) (under prog).

cin beyikh n. ʘ^lm

Yin kak cin n. ʘ^lm

> ha-cin#d-kat “song is created” see under kat¹

> cin ‑e#D-kiy “act out chief name, clan crest” see under kiy² (a)

> cin k’ikh “(dramatization of) personal crest, name “song”” see under k’ikh¹

> Cin yuntan “healer, traditional doctor, medicine man (in secret society)” see under tan¹

> cin#d-lh-tsiy “make a song” see under tsiy¹

> cin#d-l‑ye/’as/dïlh “sg./du./pl. walk while singing” see under ye⁵

> cin dïnyïz “recital” see under yïz

cin’ n. ‑‑‑‑wicin’ ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Dzilh cin’ si’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhok bin yikh wicin’ hoz’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑T’ak’ët hoonïlh’ëkh ’et digï hiyuniyïn. Cindu tah ’ohiy hanilhyekh. Dzilh cin’, dzilh ïnin ’oh hanilhyekh. (LM/DR)

Dzilh Cin’ pn. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm

Cis Co Cin’ pn.

lhk’i#d-D‑cin’ v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Lhk’idïstcin’. ʘ^lm ʘ^kn

> Tsë Gguh Cin’ “unnamed peak” see under gguh² (ïwh)

> Tsë Dilï Cin’ “unnamed ridge or hill” see under lï¹

> Dzilh Tël Cin’ “unnamed trail near Mt. Morice” see under tël

> Nïtsël Cin’ “Owen Hill” see under tsël

> Holhts’ecnï Cin’ “unnamed place” see under ts’ec¹

cindu n. ʘ^lm ʘ^kn (Pinus contorta) [cf. ‑cin “wood, woody bush”]

Cindu Yez Kwah pn. (Gaz Cenduu Yeez Kwe (Gyologet), Cenduu Yeez Kwe (Wah Tah Kwets) “Pine Creek” “creek/boundary”, AJ/JK 86:40 cenduu yeez kwe “small jack pine ck”, AJ/JK 86:20 Cenduu Yeez Kwe)

> Cindu K’inetiy “jackpine flat west of Sawik’is’ay” see under tiy³

cinec’ilh n. ʘ^ib ʘ^lm (Prunus ?)

> cinesdis “peavine” see under diz⁴

cinïh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Cinïh ’ey wets’is’alh. Biziz ha hiyka ’it’ah. Biziz wilikhtah dïztiy’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) (Jenness Chani (Marten), C’ilhts’ëkhyu chief name, “possible successor...for the chieftainship of the Birchbark House”)

cinïh co n. ʘ^wj ʘ^sm ʘ^mf

cinïh mï’ n. (Cornus canadensis) (JM/JK 78:58 ciniyh mee’ “trailing raspberry”) ‑‑‑‑cinïh t’an

> Cinïh Siyïn “unnamed hill” see under yïn²

cis¹ hit, punch

cont	cis	cis	cis	cis
contneg	cits	cis	cits	cits
mom	ces	cis	cis	ces
momneg	cets	cis	cits	cets
rep	ces	cez	ces	ces
repneg	cets	cez	cets	cets
cust	cis
custneg	cits

dicis n. ʘ^mn (psd ‑dicits, ‑dicis) ‑‑‑‑bidicis ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑bidicits ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Dicis ni’a. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Silhtsen bidicits ndïsde’. ʘ^gh

‑lecis n. ‑‑‑‑bilecis ʘ^mn

O-lh-cis v.

rep ‑‑‑‑Yulhces. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yulhcez. ‑‑‑‑Lhoolces. ʘ^kn

mom ‑‑‑‑Yeynïlhcis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yinek’ëlhcis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’iynïlhcis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Detic yighinïlhcis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yunïlhcis. ʘ^kn For further examples of mom see ha¹ (under ha#b-c’-lh‑); ghi (under succ); t’at (under dzikit’at); ya (under ‑ya#w-n‑).

Yelhcis Kwah pn. (Gaz Yeeɬces Kwe, Yeetces Kwe “Emerson Cr.”, AJ/JK 86‑2:13 yeeɬces “he punched him” kwe, AJ/JK 86:38 yeeɬces Kwe “beat up ck.”, AlM/JK 86:32 yeɬces kwa “fighting r.”)

cust ‑‑‑‑Tabï tilhcis. ʘ^kn

‑tse#c’‑(n‑)lh-cis v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Lhc’ats yitsec’inïlhcis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sde hiytsec’elhcis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yinghen yitsec’ëlhcis. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Binghen bitsec’elhces. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Stsec’inïlhcis tl’i yik sënïlhtsit. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ntsec’iznïlhcis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yitsec’inïlcis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yitsec’elhcis. ʘ^kn He swung a punch at him. ‑‑‑‑Biyïts’in bitsec’elhcis. ʘ^kn

d-l‑cis v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nidilcis.

so’ nidilcis n. ʘ^kn (pl so’ naadilcis)

cis²

cis n. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^gh (psd ‑yis) short form.

cis k’it n. ʘ^sa

Cis Co pn.

Tsë Cis pn. (Gaz Tsee Ces “hill/boundary”, Tsee ces “hill/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:13 tsee “rock” ces “ridge”, MA/JK 78‑2:29 tsecis “hill”)

Tl’o Tël Cis K’it pn. (Gaz Tl’oogh teel ces k’et “ridge/boundary”)

Ts’iy Cis pn. (AJ/JK 86‑2:12 ts’ay “cottonwood” ces “ridge”)

’Ilekh Yis pn.

Yin K’ë Yis pn.

Dzilh Yis pn. (AJ/JK 86‑2:32 dzeɬ “mt” yes “ridge”)

Dzilh Yis Bin Yez K’it pn.

Dzilh Yis Bin Co K’it pn.

Tl’o Be Yis pn. (Gaz Tl’oo Bee Yes “small lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:47 Tl’oo “grass” beeyes “ridge” (yes))

Lhk’ëtiy Yis pn.

> Winilbe Cis “unnamed mountain or ridge” see under be²

> Cis Co Cin’ “unnamed hill” see under cin’

> Cis Tah K’it “Tchesinkut L.” see under tah²

cis³

cis n. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ʘ^aj ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑cis tse’alh ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Cis bï ’aabeenlegh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Cis k’inetilyïh. ʘ^mf ʘ^kn For further example(s) of cis see le³ (ï) (under mom¹).

Binin C’icis n. (Jenness bininkyetkyas “time when ducks moult”, “May-June”; DD, ElM/JK 78:24 binin c’itcis “May-June” “seeds moulting”; AJ/JK benen k’etkes “May”)

dinï ze’ cis n. (Cicuta douglasii)

c’-D‑cis v. ‑‑‑‑C’itcis.

d-cis v. ‑‑‑‑Dicis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Doso wedïcis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic dedïlcis? ʘ^kn

ciz¹ tie

conc	ciz	ciz	ciz	ciz
conc	ciz	ciz	ciz	ciz
mom	ces	ciz	cis	ces
momneg	cets	cis	cits	cez
cust	cis

lhi#ciz v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh lhisiciz. ʘ^kn

caus ‑‑‑‑Lhelhciz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Lhisiclhciz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Lhiyilhciz. ʘ^kn

pass ‑‑‑‑Lhaalhciz. ʘ^aj

lhi#D-ciz v. ‑‑‑‑Kënlis lhistciz. ʘ^kn

lhi#n-D‑ciz v. ‑‑‑‑Biledikh lhinïstciz. ʘ^kn

caus ‑‑‑‑Lhinïziclhciz. ʘ^kn

‑ciz v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑C’ik’odïzïnces ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ so’ tsiltset welew. C’it’an c’izu’ yez, distl’is dizis lhk’indinïstciz hiyï hidibu’ winec’ilhdekh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’ebets’ëk lhk’indinïstciz. ʘ^kn

bic’onciz n. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑lhk’iy bic’onciz ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑winïze bic’onciz ‑‑‑‑winïzet winïze bic’onciz ‑‑‑‑Lhk’iy bic’onciz yika witsanye. ʘ^lm

c’ebets’ëk bik’ic’idïzciz n. ʘ^kn

bï nit’ic hic’izciz n. ʘ^kn

tsëghe bï bic’izciz, tsëghe bik’ic’izciz n. ʘ^cd ʘ^kn ʘ^kn

bï lhk’inec’initcis n. ʘ^cd

pass ‑‑‑‑net winïze bik’istciz (CA, AlM/JK 86:14 neet weniizee bek’estcez “bundle of 20 fish”)

bik’inec’idïtces n. ʘ^kn

tsëghe bic’istciz n.

bï c’ik’inc’odïstciz n.

caus ‑‑‑‑Bik’ic’odïzïlhces. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Bik’ic’odïziclhciz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nduwa ggï ’intsoh bik’ic’odïzïlhciz? ‑‑‑‑Bitsëghe’ nyïz yik’ic’ilhciz. ʘ^kn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhok tl’olh lhk’ineyindinïlhces. ʘ^kn (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhk’ineyindinïlhciz. ʘ^kn

cust

caus ‑‑‑‑Hiyic’olhcis tl’i digheeyi’ayh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh weeydïggis tl’i nelhdic bï skak tatëlh ’et ’aawilh’iyh. Nelhdic u’ats skak hiyï hiyilhwilh tl’i k’adiclh dik’is dzïzoh bï hibic’aalhcis. C’ide’ skak hiyï hibaalhbil. (LM/DR)

dzelciz n. ʘ^kn

ciz²

‑ciz n. ‑‑‑‑sciz ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑biciz ʘ^mn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Diciz bï witsanege.

‑leciz n. variant of ‑ciz.

Wik’in Ciz pn. (Gaz Wek’en Cez (Skin Dyee), Wek’en Cez (Caspit) “Mount Wells” “mountain/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:33 wek’en cez, AJ/JK 86‑2:32 wek’en “burnt” cez “thumb”)

> leciz ghindinïn’ay “thimble worn on the thumb” see under ghi

> diciz bï niye “hitchhiker” see under ye⁵

citl

‑citl n. (Jenness stchatl “my younger brother (man or woman speaking)”) ‑‑‑‑bicitl ʘ^sa

co

l-co v. (0 ~ s,? compar) comparative form of ‑cagh. ‑‑‑‑Delco? ‑‑‑‑Delco bika’nïnzin? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Bidïlco. ʘ^al ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Niwhdilco? ‑‑‑‑Yinis ’ilco. ʘ^kn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yik’ë’et ’ilhco. ʘ^lm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Lha’indinilco. ʘ^al ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhdilco ’eendzin. ‑‑‑‑Sa nisiy lhe’ilco. ‑‑‑‑Sdimon k’on’ ggïs k’on’ binis ’iyinïlco. (KA) ‑‑‑‑Distl’is bï yikat ulïts tah ’ilco. ʘ^ll ‑‑‑‑Yebegh ulïts ïdikhnï telh ’iyeeyïlïh. Kwandoh tah ’ilco. (LM/DR) For further examples of l-co see ’i (under impf); ’i (under impf); w² (under w‑⁶).

lhilhco n. ʘ^sm ʘ^vg

dilco, dilhco n. ʘ^al ʘ^lm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dilco nin hoclhtl’iz. ‑‑‑‑Dilco bilh nin hoyïclhtl’iz. ‑‑‑‑Dilco wenizis’ëts. ‑‑‑‑Dilhco bige’ honlï. ʘ^lm (LN) ‑‑‑‑Dilco sinïlht’oh.

lhilco adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Lhilco k’inïnt’as. ʘ^al ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑“Coffee ha’nïnzin?” “Lhilco zih bika’niszin.” For further examples of lhilco see ’akh² (under h-n‑D‑’akh); t’as¹ (under mom).

sa lhilco n.

‑t’i#l-co v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑St’ilhco. ‑‑‑‑St’iwelco. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bit’iweyïlco. ʘ^mf

u-l‑co v. (s,?) ‑‑‑‑Ulhco.

co adj. ‑‑‑‑nit’ay co ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑c’ikwah co ‑‑‑‑c’ikwah wico

so’ co adv. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑So’ co ’idïnïh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑So’ co c’ozïlhts’ay. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑So’ co niwhlh’ën. ʘ^vg (Misilos bicin k’ikh)

> lhok mbïlh co “fishnet for spring salmon” see under bïlh

> cinïh co “fisher” see under cinïh

> c’adïh co “unidentified insect” see under c’adïh

> c’ilhtiy co “shotgun, large-calibre firearm” see under c’ilhtiy

> dikh co “blue grouse” see under dikh

> cinesdis co “peavine (larger kind)” see under diz⁴

> Dïmos co “Easter Sunday” see under dïmos

> dus co “cougar” see under dus

> c’ebedzik co “bread” see under dzik

> gguh co “scary object” see under gguh³

> gguzïh co “unidentified hawk” see under gguzïh

> wighenï co “Douglas water-hemlock” see under ghen

> kwis co “devil’s club” see under kwis²

> ‑leco “middle finger” see under le²

> lhës co “bread” see under lhës

> lisël co “coarse salt” see under lisël

> liztiyh co “butcher knife” see under liztiyh

> lïggoc co “turkey” see under lïggoc

> ‑këlemï’ co “big toe” see under mï’

> sa co “full moon” see under sa

> sadzï co “grandfather clock” see under sadzï

> sas co “carrot, Alpine sweet-vetch” see under sas

> Bizil co “Holy ghost, Holy spirit” see under zil¹

> ta co “large lake” see under ta¹

> c’it’an co “cabbage, lettuce, skunk cabbage” see under t’an

> nit’ay co “store-bought fruit” see under t’ay

> tl’olh co “thick babiche” see under tl’olh

> tsë co “boulder” see under tsë³

> ‑ts’ec co “large intestine” see under ts’ec²

> whis co “devil’s club” see under whis

co’ adv. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nyin co’ ’idïnïh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Didinï’ co’ yighiyelhdic. ‑‑‑‑Lhok ha ’it’ah wighootsis. C’itilhdzikh co’ ’et wih wighootsis. ʘ^kn

co’¹ adv. in questions. ‑‑‑‑’En co’? ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Kwin Beyikh co’? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nyin co’, c’ent’it? ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’En co’, dendzin? ʘ^kn

co’² adv. intensifier. ‑‑‑‑Lhay co’ nendlï’. ʘ^sa For further examples of co’² see bik (under O-n‑lh-bik); net¹ (under kënet); ts’e’in.

tabï co’ adv. ‑‑‑‑Tabï co’ ’idïnïh. ʘ^lm

coh

’agh coh exp. variant of ’agh c’oh. ‑‑‑‑Bilegheselggeyh. ’Agh coh ïlggïh. ʘ^ll

cos¹ clothlike

neu	coz	coz	coz	coz
neuneg	coz	coz	coz	coz
cont	cos	coz	cos	cos
contneg	cots	cis	cots	cots
mom	cos	coz	cis	cos
momneg	cots	cis	cits	cots
prog	cis
cust	cis
custneg	cits

lh-coz v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Distl’is ’et silhcoz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’Et wik’ëlhcoz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Niwhzuh wik’oclhcoz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’Et dighedïlhcoz.

caus ‑‑‑‑’Et digheydïlhcoz. ʘ^kn

O-lh-cos v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Yïlhcis. ʘ^kn

cont ‑‑‑‑Nïlhcos. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nisiclhcoz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Can to dzut ’elohde’ nits’ilhcos. ʘ^kn (LM/DR)

mom ‑‑‑‑Nelhcos. ‑‑‑‑Deynïlhcoz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Distl’is yileyïlhcoz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Distl’is neclhcoz. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hida ziz tayïlhcoz. ‑‑‑‑Distl’is nenïgilcoz. For further examples of mom see cos¹ (under misdï#lh-cos); d² (under d-D‑).

cust ‑‑‑‑’Awilhdzïn deyilhcis. ʘ^kn

misdï#lh-cos v. (0,s) ‑‑‑‑Misdïlhcos. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Misdïdilcoz. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Misdïc’ilhcoz? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Misdïyilhcoz tl’i naayilhtsis. ʘ^sa

Costl’ët

Costl’ët Bin pn. (Gaz Coo Stl’aat Ben “Round Lake”, AlM/JK 86:32 Coostl’eet, Jenness chost’let “the Bulkley Valley from Barret[t] Station to about Telkwa and McClure Lake”)

Costl’ët Cëk pn. (Gaz Coo Stl’aat Ceek “village”)

cot

mom	cot	cot	cilh	cot
momneg	cot	cilh	citl	cot
cust	cic

O-lh-cot v. (e,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Ïclhcot. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ïlhcot. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑T’alh ïlhcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nec’idïlhcot. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bile nelhcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Talhcilh. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ulhcot. (JG/JK 75:1 uuɬcoot)

impfneg (1s weseclhcot, 2s weselhcot, 3s O welhcot, 1d wesdilcot, 1p wets’elhcot, 2p wesewhlhcot, 3p O weelhcot) ‑‑‑‑Weseclhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Weyïlhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Neweyïlhcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Wesdilcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Wets’elhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑’Enï weeyïlhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Weselhcot lic? ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Wesewhlhcot lic? ʘ^sm

pf (1s ïclhcot, 2s ïlhcot, 3s O ïlhcot, 1d ïdilcot, 1p ts’elhcot, 2p ïwhlhcot, 3p O helhcot) ‑‑‑‑Ïlhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Ïclhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Ka ïclhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Yïlhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Car ts’elhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Ïdilcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Ïwhlhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Hiyïlhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Ska’ neclhcot. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Duzï’ neyïlhcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hoynïlhcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Neyïlhcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yinïlcot. ʘ^kn For further example(s) of pf see y (under with non-areal verb).

pass ‑‑‑‑Cin yïlcot. (Jenness kyanilkyot. “When a man is seized by kyan, becomes kyanilkyot, his shadow wanders away to one of these houses” of animals “beneath lakes or inside mountains...during his dreams and becomes imprisoned there.”)

cust ‑‑‑‑Cin hibïlhcic. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dik yïlhcic. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hibile helhcic. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑K’ay hozlï tsëh yin k’ëzic uzï helhcic. Celh hilhëkh tah, uzï helhcic. Dinï hilhëkh ’et uzï helhcic. ’Et ’awit dinï ze’ talïlh. (LM)

dinï ïlhcic n. ‑‑‑‑Dinï ïlhcic lhghenïïnïntan. ʘ^sa

P-ilh c’-n‑cot v. (e,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Silh c’inïncot. ‑‑‑‑Bilh c’inïncot. ʘ^aj

caus ‑‑‑‑Hiyilh c’inïlhcot.

P-ilh c’-n‑D-cot v. ‑‑‑‑Bilh c’inïtcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Silh c’inïtcot. ‑‑‑‑Niwhilh c’inutcot gin. ʘ^kn

(di‑)ne-ceyh#O-l‑cot v. (e,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Neceyh yïlcot. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Dineceyh yïlcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Dineceyh ïgilcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Dineceyh lhts’ëlcot. ʘ^kn

tsë#l-cot v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Tsëlcilh. ʘ^kn

cont ‑‑‑‑Nitsëlcot. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’En bic’a nitsëgilcot. ʘ^kn

mom ‑‑‑‑Tsëtalcilh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hotsëgilcot. ʘ^kn For further example(s) of mom see belh (il) (under ‑e#bilh).

Tacot pn. (MF/SH Tacot, Gaz Too Coot “MacLure Lake”, AJ/JK 86:40,48 too “water” coot “taking” “Tyee L.”)

Tacot Tabegh pn. (MF/SH Tacot Tabegh, Gaz Too Coot Tabeegh “village”)

C’

c’¹

c’‑, c’i‑ npf. indefinite (not known to discourse participants) or unspecified (known but not named). For example(s) for c’‑, c’i‑ see ë² (e ï) (under ‑ë).

something, someone: ‑‑‑‑c’ige’ ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑c’ozï’ ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtsen hinlï. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑sc’ize’ uzï’ ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑bic’its’in ʘ^kn

some animal’s: ‑‑‑‑nec’itiy ʘ^kn For further example(s) of some animal’s see dicin (under c’idicin’).

c’‑, c’i‑ vpf. subject or object marker, but rare as subject.

someone:

subject: ‑‑‑‑Nghec’elh’a’. ʘ^kn For further examples of subject see dekh² (under mom); ts’il² (under n-l‑ts’ilh).

object: ‑‑‑‑Nec’itat’elh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’idïsts’agh. ʘ^kn

something:

subject¹: ‑‑‑‑Bilh dic’ac’inïnkat. ʘ^kn For further example(s) of subject$1 see c’iz (a) (under mom).

object¹: ‑‑‑‑Ts’ic’izghï. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Bï c’ist’as. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nikhëlh c’iclhdïlh. ‑‑‑‑C’intëlhtlis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Bighec’its’ilïh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’isgges. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’intëlh’iy. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Dzik bighiyidïn’ay, nyin ’ey c’ent’iy? Siy c’ist’iy bï ’iwesdzin. Battery bï neyis’ayh bits’udiclhye’. ʘ^gm

something (an animal): ‑‑‑‑C’izïlhghï. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’Ey k’ay skak dic’ah nï’aat’ën’ wiwewdïlhyeh. Tl’i nts’ën’a nï’c’aalh’ën’ ts’iyewh wiwewdïlhyeh. (PN99) For further example(s) of something (an animal) see dekh² (under caus).

c’‑, c’i‑ ppf. ‑‑‑‑C’ilh yelhdic. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Misdzï c’ilh yelhdic. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’ighis’ay. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’ighiyelhdic. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑C’ik’ëlhawtalhtselh.

c’-d‑ vpf. subject only. ‑‑‑‑Digï c’indinïn’al. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’idizïlhghï. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’inditëlhtlis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yec’idïlhghez. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Ts’ënesc’indinïnyut. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’indinïlh’en. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Niwhc’indinïlh’en. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hibic’idits’it. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bilegh ’ic’idigegh. Hine. For further examples of c’-d‑ see ënï¹ (ïnï) (under ënï); nï⁴ (under impf); tsiy’² (under ‑k’ë#tsiy’); yuz¹ (under y-u‑lh-yuz); yut (under mom).

> ne#c’-n‑’a “load (gun) with O” see under ’a²

> Tac’its’olh’ën Bin “Tagetochlain L.” see under ’ën¹

> P-ilh c’-n‑cot “P is involved” see under cot

> c’idicin’ “tree marked by bear” see under dicin

> bï nic’itka “tray” see under ka²

> C’inegh Lhay Yikh “House of Hagwilnekh” see under negh

> Cas Hoc’idïlhnagh “place on Morice L.” see under nikh² (e)

> c’inghen “fishhead” see under nghen

> c’itiy “animal’s trail” see under tiy³

> c’oyulh “healer, Indigenous doctor, practioner of traditional medicine” see under yulh

c’²

c’-b‑, b-c’‑ vpf. within and between speaker variation; occurs with aspectual prefixes. (clf-mot) ‑‑‑‑Lhok nibic’iznitin. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Lhok nic’ibiznilï. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Nic’ibiynitin. ʘ^lm ʘ^gm ʘ^wj ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nic’ibinistin. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dambilas nibic’inistin. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Lhok dïts dik hoc’ibiznilïh. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Lhts’ibic’endinïlhtan. ʘ^sa c’en from c’iyn? For further examples of c’-b‑, b-c’‑ see ggït² (under caus); tan² (under prog).

c’-b‑lh‑, b-c’-lh‑ vpf. (succ) ‑‑‑‑Hobic’iyïlhtsël. ‑‑‑‑Yik hoc’ibiyïlhtsagh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yik hobic’iyïlhtsagh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nec’ibelhtalh. ‑‑‑‑Nin hobic’iyïlhtal. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nebic’iyïlhtal. ʘ^kn For further examples of c’-b‑lh‑, b-c’-lh‑ see tsagh³ (ë) (under mom¹); tsagh³ (ë) (under mom¹).

> Misdzï Winïc’ibïn’a “unnamed place” see under ’a³

> c’-b‑n-D‑’agh “go with cane, crutches” see under ’agh²

> ha#b-c’-lh‑ “off” see under ha¹

> c’-b‑l-nïh “crook finger, move crookedly” see under nïh¹

> nic’ibiznitin “umbrella” see under tan²

> bï lht’ic’ibidïn’a “pin, paper clip” see under t’i

> c’-b‑l-tsiy “go on crutches” see under tsiy³

> b-c’-l‑ts’il “go in pain” see under ts’ilh¹

> ‑c’a “away (from), against, ward off, than” see under c’ats

c’adïh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑c’adïh yez

c’adïh co n.

c’agu n. (Cladina) (JG/JK 78‑2:19 c’agu “lichen”)

> c’azil “echo” see under zil³

c’ato’ n. ʘ^wj ʘ^mf inseparable c’a. ‑‑‑‑c’ato’ ts’anlï ‑‑‑‑C’ato’ dïz’ay to hilhtsin lhëkh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’ato’ ’oowitnï ’et witsil k’it hiwilhnï. ʘ^wj [< c’a “?” + to’ “water” (psd.)]

c’ato’ bin n. ʘ^mf

c’ato’ k’it n.

> c’ato’ “swamp, slough, marsh” see under c’ato’

c’ats, c’a

‑c’ats p. ‑‑‑‑nc’ats ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑sc’ats ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Nc’ats sde. ‑‑‑‑Sc’ats widenec’idïlts’it. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nc’ats c’is’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hibic’ats yelhdic. ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Hibic’ats yetëlhdic. ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑Skiy’ bic’ats ’iyit’ah. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Sc’ats ninïh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sis lhic yic’ats ïlkwilh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑K’ikhin’a yic’ats nedïlkwilh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Smithers wic’ats ts’ëgguh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nc’ats ’oogegh. ʘ^kn For further example(s) of ‑c’ats see ggeyh (under mom).

lhc’ats adv. ʘ^kn ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Dile lhc’ats tineyiggis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Lhc’ats bile welew. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Lhc’ats yizgguh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Binghen lhc’ats neydït’az. ʘ^kn (CA) For further examples of lhc’ats see lïlï; t’as¹ (under cont).

lhc’asts’in adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^vg

nc’adzit adv. ‑‑‑‑Nc’adzit keyikh hoz’ay. ʘ^lm

‑c’a p. also c’a#. ‑‑‑‑C’a yinïyut. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nc’a hitsagh. ‑‑‑‑Lhalhde’ niwhc’a newilhtan ’ats. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nic’aadilhghiz khë c’a c’o’ats c’ikak hiyïsde. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nggin sc’a hilhtis. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sc’a ’agh nï’it’ën’. ʘ^kn For further examples of ‑c’a see ’aw (under ’aw¹); da (under ‑da#c’-d‑); dekh² (under mom); k’in³ (ë a) (under caus); tlikh (at) (under mom); yïz (under c’it’akh ts’itl’asis nyïznï).

to c’a kë n. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Newilhtiyh k’is to k’it nï’aat’ën’ to c’a kë hiyï si’ëz. ʘ^kn (LM/DR)

c’a#w-D‑ vpf. ‑‑‑‑C’awilnïh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hibikinic c’awitnï. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sbe c’awitnï. Ndinïts’agh co. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑C’awit’ën. ʘ^lm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Binegh bïwnigit. Binic wih c’awit’ën. Biggï wih dïnyïz. Bighu wih c’itsiy’. ʘ^kn

wic’a pp. complement verb, if any, must be optative. ‑‑‑‑’et wic’a ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et wic’a wi’awh needïdilh. ‑‑‑‑Skak dit’ayik nekoyh wic’a t’ayik sibel yï ’indzin. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of wic’a see tay¹ (under compar).

> ‑c’ats n-l‑’a/le “sg./du. reject, shun, turn away from” see under ’a²

> c’a#O-n‑l-D‑’akh “reject, turn down, decline O” see under ’akh¹

> ‑c’ats ’i#w-D‑’ah “defecate” see under ’ën’³

> ‑c’a#w-lh‑’iy “tease” see under ’iy (e)

> ‑c’a#l-c’ëkh “give up on” see under c’ëgh (oh)

> ‑c’ats u-t‑D-deh “hesitate, be reluctant to leave” see under deh

> ‑c’a#O-degh “be defeated, overturned” see under dekh²

> ‑c’a ’i#(w‑)D-gegh “fail at hunting/trapping” see under gegh

> ‑c’ats ’i#w-D‑gegh “have diarrhea” see under gegh

> lhc’ats bik’a’ “double-bitted axe” see under k’a¹

> hasadïndï wic’a nek’ëts’ilhye “sunglasses” see under k’ët¹

> diguh c’a yikh hiydïlhk’in “mosquito coil” see under k’in³ (ë a)

> ‑c’ats d-D‑nï “speak against, oppose” see under nï⁴

> lhc’ats nelt’az “split fish” see under t’as¹

> to c’a tl’asis “waterproof pants, rain pants” see under tl’asis

> ‑c’a ‑gho#D-tsis “disagree with, reject” see under tsis²

> ‑c’ats nï#ye/’as/dïlh “sg./du./pl. oppose” see under ye⁵

> bï lhc’ats ts’istyïn “two-person hand saw” see under yïn²

> ‑c’a#O-n‑D-yut “keep O away, forbid O (from doing)” see under yut

c’e’

‑c’e’ n. variant of ‑ge’ (within speaker variation). ‑‑‑‑bic’e’ ʘ^aj For further example(s) of ‑c’e’ see ghi (under ‑ghi-ne#l‑).

> c’ebedzik “mushroom, fungus” see under dzik

> c’ebets’ëk “thread” see under ts’ëkh

> c’edik “in the middle, in between” see under edik

c’ene’ n. ʘ^sm ʘ^gw (CA, MA/JK 78‑2:2 c’iyene’ “maggots”, c’iyene’ silee’ “it turned to maggots”)

c’enic n. ʘ^lm inseparable c’‑. (AJ/JK 89:16 k’ének “fish residue at top of kettle”) ‑‑‑‑C’enic ’eelhdzin. ʘ^lm

> C’etadik “unnamed ridge” see under dik

c’ey shoot

sem	c’eyh	c’ey	c’eyh	c’eyh
semneg	c’ec	c’eyh	c’ec	c’ec

O-c’ey v. (sem) This is the semelfactive verb for O-tsagh. (CA, AlM/JK 86:15 yezc’ay “he shot and hit”) ‑‑‑‑Sisc’ey. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Yizc’ey. ʘ^kn ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’ec’eyh. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Dïtnïc widïzc’ey. Kwin hozdlï’. ‑‑‑‑Yinïzc’ey. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ diyik tsë hiydïzc’ey. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hiwdïzc’ey. ʘ^lm (LN) ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is ne’indinïzistc’ey. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is lhiziwhtc’ey. ʘ^kn For further examples of O-c’ey see ’ (under (ne#)’-d‑D‑); legh¹ (under ‑legh); n² (under n-D‑).

impf (1s ïsc’eyh, 2s ïn‑, 3s ï‑, 1d ïdit‑, 1p ts’e‑, 2p ïwh‑, 3p he‑) ‑‑‑‑Ïnc’eyh. ʘ^lm ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Nentc’eyh. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Ïsc’eyh wighintëzisge. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ïditc’eyh wighintësdit’az. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ts’ec’eyh wighits’intësdïl. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ndu ïc’eyh wighintësge. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ndu hec’eyh wighaantësdïl. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ïnc’eyh wighintëzïnge. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ïwhc’eyh wighintëziwhdïl. ʘ^mf

impfneg with c’‑ “something, anything”. (1s wec’isesc’ec, 2s wec’isen‑, 3s wec’es‑, 1d wec’esdi‑, 1p wec’its’es‑, 2p wec’isewh‑, 3p wec’ees‑) ‑‑‑‑So’ wec’esc’ec. ‑‑‑‑Wec’esc’ec. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’eesc’ec. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’isesc’ec. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’esditc’ec. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’its’esc’ec. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’isenc’ec. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wec’isewhc’ec. ʘ^lm

pf with n-D‑ errative. (1s nïzistc’ey, 2s nïzint‑, 3s yinïst‑, 1d nïsdit‑, 1p ts’inïst‑, 2p nïziwht‑, 3p hiynïst‑) ‑‑‑‑Yinïstc’ey. ʘ^mf ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑C’inïstc’ey. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Nïzistc’ey. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’inïsditc’ey. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nïzïntc’ey. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nïziwhtc’ey. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ts’inïstc’ey. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nïsditc’ey. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hiynïstc’ey. ʘ^mf

ka#O-D‑c’ey v. (sem) ‑‑‑‑Kayistc’ey. ʘ^kn

> c’e#d-tan/lï “sg./pl. go with aimed weapon” see under tan²

> c’ëbïtsitl “needle” see under tsitl¹

c’ëgh (oh) angry

neu	c’ëgh	c’ëgh	c’ëgh	c’ëgh
neuneg	c’ëgh	c’oh	c’ëgh	c’ëgh
cont	c’ëkh	c’ëgh	c’ëkh	c’ëkh
contneg	c’ëk	c’oh	c’ëk	c’ëk
mom	c’ëkh	c’ëgh	c’oh	c’ëkh
momneg	c’ëk	c’oh	c’ikw	c’ëk
prog	c’oh
progneg	c’ikw
cust	c’oh
custneg	c’ikw

l-c’ëgh v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Lhc’ëgh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Hilhc’ëgh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Sigilc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Dïlhc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yik’ilhc’ëgh. ‑‑‑‑Wik’ëlc’ëgh. ‑‑‑‑Sts’idïlc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Bideluh lhc’ëgh. ʘ^kn For further example(s) of l-c’ëgh see ’an (under pos).

n-l‑c’ëkh v. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Nïlhc’ëgh. ʘ^mf ʘ^kn He’s mad. ‑‑‑‑Nïzigilc’ëgh. ʘ^mf

sinï#l-c’ëkh v. (0,e mom) variant of tsinï#l-c’ëkh. ‑‑‑‑Sinïgilc’ëkh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sinïlc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sinïts’ilc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Silh sinïonïlc’ëgh. ʘ^kn

caus ‑‑‑‑Sinïclhc’ëgh. ʘ^kn

cust ‑‑‑‑Bilh sinïgilc’oh. ʘ^kn

tsinï#l-c’ëkh v. (0,e mom) variant of sinï#l-c’ëkh. ‑‑‑‑Tsinïts’ilc’ëkh. ‑‑‑‑Tsinïts’ëlc’ëgh. ‑‑‑‑Tsinïgilc’egh. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Dilh tsinïnegilc’ëgh. ʘ^sa

caus ‑‑‑‑Tsinïclhc’ëgh.

cust ‑‑‑‑Hin’et tsinïlc’oh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Agh ts’inïgilc’oh.

l-c’ëkh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Ïlc’oh. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm

cont ‑‑‑‑Nilc’ëkh. ʘ^bm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nilhc’ëgh. ‑‑‑‑Nisigilc’ëgh. ʘ^hn

caus refl ‑‑‑‑Ni’dilc’ëkh. ʘ^kn

mom³ ‑‑‑‑Honegilc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Nelc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Newetizulc’ëk. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Dinï ze’ honelc’ëgh ’et binilhyekhnï deneeynïlhtiy. ʘ^kn (LM/DR) For further examples of mom³ see ha¹ (under pf); witsa (under mot).

cust ‑‑‑‑’Awilhdzïn honelc’oh. ʘ^kn

‑c’a#l-c’ëkh v. (n,n mom) ‑‑‑‑Bic’anigilc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Wic’alc’ëgh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sc’alc’ëgh. ‑‑‑‑Wic’anigilc’ëgh. ʘ^bm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Wic’anïlc’ëgh. ʘ^bm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Bic’atagilc’oh.

‑gha#O-nd-n‑l-c’ëkh v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Bighayndinïgilc’ëgh. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sinïgilc’ëgh hoclh’iy tl’i bighayindinïgilc’ëgh. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Niwhghayindinilc’oh. ʘ^lm

c’ëlce n. ʘ^kn (CA, MA/JK 89‑2:3 k’élkéy “fingerling”)

c’ëldzïn n. ʘ^kn [cf. dzïn “day, daytime”]

> c’ëldzïnïts “moonlight” see under nïts

> c’ide’ “long ago, anciently” see under de’¹

> c’idede’ “myth, legend” see under de’¹

C’idikhdïn pn. [< c’edik dïn’ay “it’s in between”]

C’idimsgginïs prsn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa Likhsilyu chief name.

c’idze, c’idziye adv. variants of k’idze, k’idziye. ‑‑‑‑Tastne c’idze ’isgegh.

c’idze¹, c’idziye¹ adv. ‑‑‑‑To ha widïge. Dooldzikh to hizdidilh. Lhilco ïyelh moose ’et siyïn. Yegh uzye. Nik to hidïsge tl’i witsanetge. Gwa ’awit siyïn yegh neusge. Yegh neusge ’et c’idze tëlhggec. Yikh denelggec tl’a, Elsie yidïnï’. Elsie c’ilhtiy sigguh tl’a, yizc’ey. ʘ^gm For further example(s) of c’idze¹, c’idziye¹ see tan² (under mom¹).

> c’igïwh “fish drying pole, fish-spreading skewer” see under gïwh (u)

c’iggic, c’ikic n. ʘ^kn inseparable c’. ‑‑‑‑Bimïs k’it c’ikic winï. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Bic’ikic ntsiy’. ʘ^kn (JM, ElM/JK 78:80 bic’ikeec “scar”)

> C’iggiz “Broman L.” see under eggiz²

> c’ikak tsan’ “apron” see under tsan’

c’ikoc n. ʘ^lm inseparable c’i. (JG/JK 78:16 c’ikoc “middle size beaver”)

> c’ik’ënetkat “gift” see under kat¹

> c’ik’ëtl’ats “last one (in time)” see under k’ëtl’a

> c’ik’iz “.50, half a dollar” see under k’iz

> c’ighebetsitl “needle” see under tsitl¹

> c’ighebets’ëk “thread” see under ts’ëkh

> c’ighineeyïlh “announcer, moderator” see under yï’ (e)

> c’ighis “vamp seam reinforcement” see under ghis⁴

c’ikw

‑c’ikw n. variant of ‑c’oh. ‑‑‑‑bic’ikw ʘ^sm

c’ilh bite

sem	c’ilh	c’ilh	c’ilh	c’ilh
semneg	c’itl	c’ilh	c’itl	c’itl
mom	c’olh
cust	c’ilh

O-c’ilh v. (sem) This is the semelfactive form of ‑ghis (e) “chew”. ‑‑‑‑Lhic celh yilhc’ilh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Neyilhc’ilh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Siclhc’ilh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sdilc’ilh. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nïzigilc’ilh. ʘ^kn

mom

pass

bï c’olc’olh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^kn

bï tsëghe ulc’olh n. ʘ^sa ʘ^mf ʘ^kn

cust ‑‑‑‑Lhic tilhc’ilh. ʘ^kn

c’il¹ (o) tear, break

dur	c’il	c’il	c’il	c’il
durneg	c’il	c’ilh	c’il	c’il
conc	c’il	c’il	c’il	c’il
concneg	c’il	c’il	c’il	c’il
sem	c’ilh	c’il	c’ilh	c’ilh
semneg	c’itl	c’ilh	c’itl	c’itl
mom	c’olh	c’il	c’ilh	c’olh
momneg	c’otl	c’ilh	c’itl	c’otl
dist	c’il	c’il	c’il	c’il
distneg	c’il	c’ilh	c’il	c’il
cust	c’ilh
custneg	c’itl

‑c’il v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Sic’il. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dedïnt’ats sic’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Sizewdïnc’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Bizek widïzc’il. ʘ^kn

bï c’idic’il n. (AJ/SH)

dïnc’il n. ʘ^kn

caus ‑‑‑‑Ndzek widïzïlhc’il. ʘ^kn

mom ‑‑‑‑Tsë lhts’ënc’il keyikh c’udil’ëkh wigit we hodzï. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of mom see k’iz (under k’i#).

hanc’il n. ‑‑‑‑Hanc’il ’enlegh.

Tsë Hanc’il pn. (DD, ElM/JK 78:22 tse hanc’il “broken rocks”)

Tsë Lhts’ënc’il pn. ‑‑‑‑Tsë Lhts’ënc’il ’et wit’iy.

sem

dïc’ilh n. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Dïc’ilh bï ’islegh. ʘ^kn

O-lh-c’il v.

dur ‑‑‑‑Yilhc’il. ‑‑‑‑Dïlhc’il. ʘ^lm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Dïclhc’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hoyindinïlhc’il. ʘ^kn

dist ‑‑‑‑Halho’ naadïlhc’il.

sem ‑‑‑‑Dedïnt’ats yilhc’il. ʘ^kn

mom ‑‑‑‑Halhc’olh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yedïlhc’olh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Bighinïlhc’olh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yitëlhc’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yighinïlhc’il. ‑‑‑‑Yighinïlhc’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Yeydïlhc’il. ʘ^lm ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Dic’aniclhc’il. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nedï bï ulc’olh hiyï tseeydïnle. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑’Ey wih lhk’iy hiyic’ic’olhc’ilh tl’i cis dinï bïts hiyï ’indzin. (LM/DR)

cust ‑‑‑‑Yeydïlhc’ilh. ‑‑‑‑Yeoyindinïlhc’il. ʘ^kn

dist ‑‑‑‑Yighinsilhc’il. ʘ^kn

w-lh-c’il v. (dur) ne# added for regular, cyclic activities. ‑‑‑‑Newilhc’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Haniyekh k’ët ’ac’intalelh wenï holhc’il. ʘ^kn (LM/DR)

bï wilc’il n. ʘ^kn

tselc’il n. ʘ^kn (Ceryle alcyon)

c’il²

dur	c’il	c’il	c’il	c’il
durneg	c’il	c’ilh	c’il	c’il

d-l‑c’il v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Tsalic dilc’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Hondinïlc’il. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Ditëlhc’il. ʘ^kn

c’il³

c’il adj. ʘ^kn ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ggin dus c’il, dinïn tineggis. Newtalhtiyh. ʘ^sa

c’il yez adj. variant of c’il. ‑‑‑‑’en c’il yez ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’En c’il yez sghidic’alggec. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’En c’il yez gen keyikh hiyit’it c’itsiy’ nïnïnle. ʘ^lm

c’ilhggic n. ʘ^mf ʘ^sm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Misdzï c’ilhggic sidzïh. ʘ^kn [cf. ‑ggic “straighten, groom”]

c’ilhggicico n. ʘ^mf

tëkh c’ilhggic n. ʘ^kn

nïdo c’ilhggic n. ʘ^kn ʘ^mf

Yinkadinï’ c’ilhggic n. ʘ^kn ʘ^mf

> C’ilhggic Ntsec “Two-Mile Mt.” see under ntsec

C’ilikhk’in prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name.

c’ilhghez n.

> c’ilhmik “unidentified freshwater fish” see under mik

c’ilhtiy n. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ʘ^aj (psd ‑c’ilhtiy’) inseparable c’i. ‑‑‑‑sis c’ilhtiy’ ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Pat c’ilhtiy yunkët. ʘ^mf [cf. ‑tiy “handle”]

c’ilhtiy yez n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy yez, ggikh c’ilhtiy’, c’itsit c’ilhtiy’ tsa tl’i c’itsit dïndzin hiyï hiyutsëkh. (LM/DR)

ggikh c’ilhtiy’ n. ʘ^mf

c’itsit c’ilhtiy’ n. ʘ^mf

c’ilhtiy co n. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy co sis, hida, hiney co dïndzin hiyï hiyutsëkh. (LM/DR)

dicin c’ilhtiy n. ʘ^mf (CA/JK 78:5 dicin c’iɬtiy)

> bik’it c’ilhtiy dighedïnle “gun rack” see under dik

> c’ilhtiy biledikh “gun muzzle” see under dikh

> c’ilhtiy bï yitit’iyh bighiyiz’ay “scope bonnet” see under ghi

> c’ilhtiy bï nitghï “gun sling” see under ghï⁴

> c’ilhtiy zis “soft gun case” see under zis²

> c’ilhtiy bï stan “hard gun case” see under tan²

> C’ilhtiy To Stan Kwah “Houston Tommy Cr.” see under tan²

> C’ilhtiy K’intic Kwah “Cumming Cr.” see under tic

> c’ilhtiy bicaneyilts’ic “clip, magazine (of gun)” see under ts’it² (e)

> c’ilht’at “beaver pond” see under lht’at

> c’ilhtl’izin “blacksmith” see under tl’iz (e)

C’ilhts’ëkhyu n. ʘ^bo ʘ^mf ʘ^ha (CA, AlM/JK 86:11 giɬts’eexyu “frog (clan)”; Jenness Gilserhyu) [< ‑yu pl.]

C’ilhts’ëkhyu Bin pn.

c’indek n. (Apocynum androsaemifolium) [from Git scanlekhc]

c’indewizgï n. ʘ^mf ʘ^ib ʘ^fn (Ribes oxyacanthoides)

> c’inelbik “ball” see under bik

> C’inelekwah “Atna R.” see under legh²

c’inï n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ʘ^dr inseparable c’i. ‑‑‑‑C’inï yit’iy. ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑C’inï ’islekh. ‑‑‑‑C’inï nïlïh. ‑‑‑‑K’on ïlhgit, ditnï k’agh, tsa lïn ’ey c’inï hiyit’iy. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Cinïh yika tsayïlh nïnïn’ay, c’inï yik’ëyïn’ay. (LM/DR)

> c’inï zis “bait bag” see under zis²

c’inkalh, c’inkatl n. ʘ^mf (Fritillaria camschatcensis) (Jenness djankatɬ “wild rice”) ‑‑‑‑C’inkatl nu k’it haniyekh. Hiyilïz ’et k’idze khë bilh hiynilhwis. (LM/DR)

> C’inkalh Cin K’ët “unnamed site” see under cin¹

> c’inlu “hail stone” see under nlu

> c’intasts’ëgh “chipmunk” see under ts’ëgh

C’int’ek n. (Jenness gyint’ek= “(meaning unknown)”, “Nov.‑Dec.”; DD, ElM/JK 78:23 c’int’ek “Nov-Dec”)

> c’intlikw “sleet, wet snow” see under tlikw

c’inulh k’it n. ʘ^mf inseparable c’i.

C’inulh K’it pn. (Gaz C’enuuɬ “home place”, C’enuuɬ K’et “Smithers” “swamp where Smithers is now located”, “Seymour Lake”; AJ/JK 86:48 c’enuuɬ k’et “on the swamp”)

C’inulh K’it Kwah pn. (Gaz C’enuuɬ K’et Kwe “Seymour Creek”, C’enuulh K’et)

c’ip ono. noise of tic’ip “slingshot”.

c’iz (a) snap

dur	c’iz	c’iz	c’iz	c’iz
durneg	c’iz	c’is	c’iz	c’iz
sem	c’is	c’is	c’is	c’is
semneg	c’its	c’is	c’its	c’its
cont	c’as	c’az	c’as	c’as
contneg	c’ats	c’is	c’ats	c’ats
mom	c’as	c’az	c’is	c’as
momneg	c’ats	c’is	c’its	c’ats
rep	c’as	c’az	c’as	c’as
repneg	c’ats	c’is	c’ats	c’ats
dist	c’as	c’az	c’as	c’as
cust	c’is
custneg	c’its

O-c’iz v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Yïnc’iz. ‑‑‑‑Weyïc’is.

O-c’iz v.

rep ‑‑‑‑Yunc’az. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Weyuc’is. ‑‑‑‑Yuc’as.

sem ‑‑‑‑Yizc’is. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sisc’is. ʘ^aj

mom ‑‑‑‑Hayïnc’az. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ic’inïnc’az. ʘ^mf For further example(s) of mom see k’iz (under k’i#).

pass For example(s) for pass see tay¹ (under compar).

bï hanec’itc’as n. ʘ^mf

dist ‑‑‑‑K’inc’ic’as. ‑‑‑‑K’inyizc’az. ʘ^mf

cont ‑‑‑‑Nidilc’as. ‑‑‑‑Nidïlhc’az. ʘ^mf

Tac’is Kwah pn. (Gaz Tac’es Kwe “Boulder Creek”; DD, ElM/JK 78:18 tac’is kwi “Boulder Ck”; AJ/JK 86:43 tac’es “?” kwe)

> C’isa see under sa

c’isdewh adv. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’isdewh winilwis. ʘ^lm

c’izegh n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa inseparable c’i‑. (AJ/JK 89:3 k’ezegh “slush ice”) ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah c’izegh hozlï’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑C’izegh tëzdlet. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑C’izegh tëzlet. ʘ^sa

c’ist’ët adj. ʘ^aj ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑C’ist’ët stiy. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑C’ist’ët naalghes. For further example(s) of c’ist’ët see diz² (under mom).

> c’istl’iw “berry drying rack” see under tl’iw

> c’ists’o’ “wart” see under sts’o’

c’it

d-c’it v. (neu) (AJ/JK 89:1 dek’et “tough, sinewy”) ‑‑‑‑Dic’it. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sbe dic’it. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wedïc’it. ‑‑‑‑Dedïlc’it? ‑‑‑‑Ndinic’it. ʘ^mf

yis dic’it n. ʘ^mf

c’itël n. ʘ^wj ʘ^sm ʘ^sa inseparable c’i. (JM, ElM/JK 78:78 c’itel “cow moose”) For example(s) for c’itël see le³ (ï) (under yin k’ë#O-lï).

> c’itilht’ikh “batter (in baseball)” see under ’agh²

> c’itinsi’a “hand brace, auger; cross-woven thread” see under ’a³

C’itne n. ʘ^lm

C’itne Dzil Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz C’etneey Dzel Ts’anlii “Netalzul Creek”, AJ/JK 86:48 neetalzel “warm water” c’etneey dzel)

> C’it’an see under t’an

> c’it’ohts’iy “black-capped chickadee” see under ts’iy⁶

c’itsin’ n. ʘ^aj ʘ^sm ʘ^bn inseparable c’. ‑‑‑‑Lhok nï’il’ën’ c’itsin’ ulhcoh winï. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of c’itsin’ see ghe¹ (under ‑ghe). [cf. tsan, ‑tsan’ “excrement”]

> c’itsit “ruffed grouse, drummer chicken” see under tsit¹

> c’itsiy’ “Queen’s Cup” see under tsiy’²

> c’its’a’ “snowshoe crossbar, crosspiece” see under ts’a’¹

> c’its’isggek “black-capped chickadee” see under ggek²

C’iwecën prsn. ʘ^sa Likhsilyu chief name; variant of K’iwecën.

> c’iweylïh “minor” see under lï⁴

c’iye n. ʘ^mf inseparable c’i. ‑‑‑‑C’iye yïnye. ʘ^mf

> c’iyehts’iy “any small, perching bird” see under ts’iy⁶

> c’iyen “old thing” see under yen²

> c’iyis “house post” see under yis⁴

> c’iyïc “disturbance of hunting area” see under yïc²

> c’o’ats “outer, outside” see under ’ats

> c’o’ëlh “bull, male game animal in rutting season, bull moose” see under ’ëlh¹

> C’o’ën K’ët “unnamed hill” see under ’ën¹

c’oh¹ intensifier?

so’ c’oh adv. ‑‑‑‑So’ c’oh ’iwesdzin’. ʘ^kn

’agh c’oh exp. ʘ^sa also ’aac’oh, c’oh, or ’agh c’i. (CA/JK 73‑75:101 ’aagh c’oo’iint’e “hurry up”) ‑‑‑‑’Agh c’oh, yelhdic! ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑’Agh c’oh ’ent’ah. Sisditin. ʘ^sa For further examples of ’agh c’oh see ’a³ (under tl’a#w‑(d‑)lh‑’a); deyh² (under to O-n‑deyh).

c’oh²

‑c’oh n. variant of ‑c’ikw. (JG/JK 73‑75:76 c’ec’exw ʊ) ‑‑‑‑c’ic’oh ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑bic’oh ʘ^kn

d-c’oh v. ‑‑‑‑Dic’oh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Wedïc’oh. ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑Dedïlc’oh?

> c’olhde’ “last spring” see under lït

> c’olilh “springtime” see under lït

c’olghic exp. ʘ^mf good luck hunting omen uttered by gguzïh (grey jay).

C’olugit prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name. (Jenness Djolukyet) [from Git ky’ooluu gyat “one man alone” (RK87)]

C’olugit Bidzil pn. (AJ/JK 86:46 C’ologit Bidzilh)

> c’oniggïwh “catcher” see under gguh² (ïwh)

c’oz

d-c’oz v. ‑‑‑‑Dic’oz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’ebïts’ëk dic’oz. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wedïc’oz. ‑‑‑‑Dedïlc’oz?

c’ots, c’ot

‑c’ots, ‑c’ot n. (d) ‑‑‑‑c’ic’ots ʘ^sm ʘ^kn ‑‑‑‑c’ic’ot ‑‑‑‑C’ic’ot nidi’ëlh. Its food is floating around. ‑‑‑‑Bic’ots bits’ayi’ëlh niwhlh’ën. (Ce Ult’akh (song))

> c’udil’ëkhin “student” see under ’iy’¹ (ëkh)

D

d¹

D‑ vpf. passive prefix. this prefix has three shapes: d‑ before l, z; t‑ before gg, k, k’, kh, gh, g, c, c’, y, m, n, ’; di‑ before other consonants; in addition, this prefix triggers the following change: D-lh‑ becomes l‑.

d‑: For examples for d‑ see lï⁴ (under pass²); lïz (under pass); zï¹ (under pass).

t‑: For examples for t‑ see ’ën¹ (under pass); ggiz¹ (ï) (under pass); ggiz¹ (ï) (under pass); ggït² (under pass); t¹ (under t‑¹); yikh (under yikh¹).

di‑: For examples for di‑ see let² (under pass); til (a) (under pass); t’as¹ (under pass).

l‑: For example(s) for l‑ see tiz¹ (under pass).

d² qualifier

d‑¹ vpf. plant product (esp. wood), rope. ‑‑‑‑Dic’adïniclhc’il. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dïncagh. ‑‑‑‑Tsa tiy t’ighis di’alh. For further examples of d‑¹ see ’ëlh² (under cont); t’as¹ (under dur); t’im’ (under ha#lh-t’im’).

d‑² vpf. heavy object. ‑‑‑‑Tsë dïz’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tsë dïncagh.

d‑³ vpf. (e,?) ‑‑‑‑Nis dïnde. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ats dïnde. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Ats dïsde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nduwa ’ats dïnde? ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑T’ats dïntan. ʘ^sa

’Nin Dïn’ay, Nin Dïn’ay pn. ʘ^sa ʘ^sa (RM/SA) (Gaz Neediin’aay “Nadina Mountain”, AJ/JK 86‑2:22 Neediin’aay “comes down”)

dik d‑ vpf.

clf ‑‑‑‑Ts’ac dik dïntan. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sa dik dïn’ay ’et lhghistkënï lht’aweetëz. (LM)

yik d‑ vpf.

ext ‑‑‑‑Tiy yik widïn’a. ʘ^lm

clf ‑‑‑‑Ts’ac yik dïntan. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’iy yik hiydïlhtan, khiyt. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yik dïlhtiy. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Yik dïntiy. ʘ^wj ʘ^gm

Yik Dïntan pn. (Gaz Yek diintaan “Mt. Hyland” “mountain peak”, AJ/JK 86:47 yek diintaan “it’s upside down” “a basin”)

d‑⁴ vpf. oral noise, language. ‑‑‑‑Hinic bighedïnis’ay. ʘ^bo For further examples of d‑⁴ see ’a² (under mom); cot (under O-lh-cot).

d-D‑ vpf. D‑ has the same set of shapes as D‑ passive. ‑‑‑‑Neydït’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yiditëst’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh dedïlye. ‑‑‑‑Dzuzt’an’ nedïgilcoz. ʘ^mf

‑i#d‑ vpf. (0,e mom mot) ‑‑‑‑Yidïnye. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lhic bidïsye. ‑‑‑‑Bidiwhdïlh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Smo’ zis bidïgilggec. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bidïgiltlikh. ‑‑‑‑Ts’akë c’izu’ yidïlggec. ʘ^mf

‑i#d‑ vpf. (e,? neu) ‑‑‑‑C’iluh bidïn’ay. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bin lhidïnle. ʘ^hn

‑i#d-l‑ vpf. (0,0 neu pos) ‑‑‑‑Yidilde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bididilkë. ‑‑‑‑Bizdilts’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lhaadilts’iy. ‑‑‑‑Niwhilhtsen bidigilyïn. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Bidigiltiy. ‑‑‑‑Nyidilde, ndilde.

w-i#d‑ vpf. (e,e mom clf-mot) ‑‑‑‑Widïs’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Winedïs’ay. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Wiwedizïs’ac. ‑‑‑‑Wizdïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Wighaayidïlh’ay.

> (ne#)’-d‑D‑ “‑self, ‑selves” see under ’

> dik dïnkay “thimbleberry” see under ka²

> d-n‑ “more extreme” see under n²

d³

0 ~ d‑/di‑(ne#)D‑ ppf. reflexive object of postposition. d‑ is often absent when the postposition is begins with a consonant.

0: ‑‑‑‑So’ ghïdlï’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Highinesditloh. ʘ^cm ‑‑‑‑K’ëneditsiy’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ënewit’ayh. ʘ^mf For further example(s) of 0 see c’ats (under ‑c’a).

d/di‑: ‑‑‑‑’Adic denesdlel. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Adic dibe nec’idïdlï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dilh neditloh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Diwec’ilh’atl. For further example(s) of d/di‑ see ’iy’³ (under (‑e) ’i#u-D‑’iy’).

d‑, di‑ npf. third person singular reflexive possessor. ‑‑‑‑Dige’ yit’iy. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Diwits k’iyilhtan. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Dilhtsen yit’iy. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Duzï’ yighinlï. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Dikinic bï lhk’u nlï. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Stanley dilhtsen yilh yelhdic. ‑‑‑‑Dilic yinenïlhnïh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dikecin neynilht’iyh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dilic yizul neyilht’ic. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Akw’is dikë sic’ey. ʘ^mf For further example(s) of d‑, di‑ see ’ët (under ‑’ët).

hid‑, hidi‑ npf. third person plural reflexive possessor. Di‑ can be used if plural marked elsewhere. ‑‑‑‑Hidiyez hiyk’anedidïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Diyez hiyk’anedidïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hidige’ hiyit’iy. ʘ^kn ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Hidilhtsen hiyit’iy. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Hidide hiydïzk’in. ʘ^mf

da

‑da#c’-d‑ vpf. ‑‑‑‑Ggin hidiyin’ tah nuudïlh, hibic’a widac’idïnle. ʘ^ib For further example(s) of ‑da#c’-d‑ see yekh² (under niwiyegh).

‑da-ne#c’-d‑ vpf. (0,e mom

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Widanec’idïs’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Widanec’idiwh’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Liglï bï widanec’idilts’et. ʘ^mf (LM/DR)

> bï c’idac’idilt’as “can opener” see under t’as¹

dabawin, dabiwin n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑c’izdle beyikh widabawin ‑‑‑‑Dabiwin bï widec’idïn’ay. ʘ^mf (LM/DR)

Dabit prsn.

dambilas, dambalas, dambal’as n. ʘ^sa ʘ^mf ʘ^mf (JG/JK 73‑75:107 daambaalaas “flag”) ‑‑‑‑Ggï dambilas nts’oontan? For further example(s) of dambilas, dambalas, dambal’as see bekh³ (under mot).

Damwol pn. (AJ/JK 86‑2: t’amwaal “6 mile Lake”, MA/JK 78‑2:26 t’amwal “Ross Lake”)

dayï n. ʘ^mn ʘ^aj ʘ^ag ʘ^mf (psd ‑dayï) (MP/JK 73‑75:59 daayii “chief”, CA, MA/JK 78‑2:6 dayee “chief”) ‑‑‑‑Niwhdayï yedic beyikh ts’oonye. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Niwhdayï ’ats detic dilkwiz. [compare CJ tyee “a chief” (Tate, Hibben); “a chief, the boss or head of a nation or corporation” (Coombs) and Dak dayi “chief”]

dayï yez n. ʘ^mf ʘ^mn

de¹

de‑ dirpf. ‑‑‑‑de’at ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dedet wit’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Deniggit wit’iy. ʘ^sa For further examples of de‑ see ’ats (under ’at); tsin’ (under ‑tset).

de²

de# wh. productive with ’i# verbs (replaces ’i#). ‑‑‑‑Dendzin? ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dendzin ’awit sde? ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Ats deot’ën’ ts’iyewh hon’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Dewezdisnï’. ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Dewetiziwhnï’. Yetaclhdic. ʘ^bn For further examples of de# see gegh (under D-gegh); lekh² (under fut).

de#l‑ vpf. (compar dim) ‑‑‑‑Delco? ‑‑‑‑Deltsic bika’nïnzin? ʘ^lm For further example(s) of de#l‑ see k’agh (under compar).

> dec’e#d-D‑nï “say what” see under nï⁴

> dec’e#n-zin “think about what” see under zin

de³ sg sit

neu	de	de’	delh	de’
neuneg	deh	de’	detl	de’
mom	deyh	de	delh	delh
momneg	dec	del	detl	de’
cust	deyh
custneg	dec

‑de v. (s,e neu) ‑‑‑‑Sde. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sende. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Dïsde. ‑‑‑‑Bile k’isde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Et wik’isde. ‑‑‑‑Ts’ëtiy wik’isde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Mbï bizuh wik’isende? ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tsë zil yïsde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Niwhts’idïsde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Et weydeh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wesdeh. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ïsde’. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Ïnde’. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Sa’ yin kak ïnde’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tadelh. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ʘ^ag ‑‑‑‑Tasdelh. ʘ^aj For further examples of ‑de see d² (under ‑i#d-l‑); ë² (e ï) (under pos).

opt (1s usde’, 2s un‑, 3s u‑) ‑‑‑‑’Et usde’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Et unde’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Et ude’. ʘ^bm

cadïnde n. ‑‑‑‑bicadïnde ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑bicac’idïnde ʘ^gm [< ‑ca “abdomen” + d‑³ “face direction”]

Dilkw’akh Co Sde pn. (Gaz Delkw’aax coo sdee (Knedebeas), Delkw’aax coo sdee (Gooh Laht) “hill”, AJ/JK 86‑2:38 Delkw’aax “frog” coo “big” sdee “is sitting”)

dik sde n. ʘ^mf

Lhëz Tisde prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name. (Jenness klestaste (Seated in the Dirt), a personal crest of of “another kinsman of” C’olugit)

skak bï sde n. ʘ^mn

bik’it ts’izde n. ʘ^gm can be shortened to bik’its’izde or k’its’izde. ‑‑‑‑Bik’it ts’izde lidap begh bik’isisde. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bik’its’izde ’et si’ay. ʘ^ib

ïzlhiy bï bik’it ts’izde n.

cust (1s hisdeyh, 2s ïndeyh, 3s hideyh) ‑‑‑‑’Et hideyh. ʘ^sm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Et hisdeyh. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë ïndeyh? ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Sa ha’ayh witsëh dineedïdilh ’enï sa’ yin kak hideyh. ʘ^sa

caus ‑‑‑‑Ka bï siclhde. ʘ^mf

pass

bik’isdide n. ʘ^sa also k’isdide.

‑zuh ‑de/kë v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Hibizuh ïsde’. ʘ^mf

cust ‑‑‑‑’Awidzïn sizuh hideyh. ‑‑‑‑’Awidzïn sizuh ïndeyh.

‑k’ë ‑de/ke v. (neu²) ‑‑‑‑Bik’ë sisde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sk’ë ïnde’. ’It’ën c’izu’ yilhtsiy. ‑‑‑‑Tl’i lhk’un yik’ëdïnye. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Bik’ë tasdelh. ʘ^lm

‑ghi#de, ‑ghi#kë v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Sighisendeh. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sa’ hon’a’ Lucy Alphonse yighisde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bighïsde’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sghïnde’. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Skiy bilh lhighisditkë. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Kwilet winïze yis k’it lhighaastkë. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwilet winïze yis k’it lhigheetkë’. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf (LM/DR)

‑ghinden n. (pl ‑ghindenku) ‑‑‑‑bighinden ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑hibighinden ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hadï’ sighinden, gwi ndu ha’nïnzin? ʘ^sa

lhghistkënï, lhighistkënï n. ʘ^mf ʘ^wj For example(s) for lhghistkënï, lhighistkënï see hah.

lhighitatkëlhnï n. ʘ^mf

dilh ts’akë ghinesde n. ʘ^lm ʘ^kn

dilh dinï ghinesde n. ʘ^lm ʘ^kn

caus ‑‑‑‑Hineyilhde. ʘ^mf

Yilhdeyh prsn. Likhsilyu chief name.

‑ti-ne#D-de/kë v. (s,e neu) ‑‑‑‑Wewdïlh’ën witinedide. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Niwhtinedide’. ʘ^mf

‑ë#de/kë v. (neu) also separate ‑e. ‑‑‑‑Dzut sditl’iw bïsisde. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Tl’as bïsde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ësde’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndu bïnetandelh? ʘ^sa For further example(s) of ‑ë#de/kë see ë² (e ï) (under ‑ë).

c’ikak hiyïsde n. ʘ^kn ʘ^mf

c’o’ats yïsde n. ʘ^bo

ne#D-de/kë v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Nesdide. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Et nesisdide ’et so’ nï’ist’ën’. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Netasdidelh. ʘ^mf

u-D‑de/kë v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Tsa ha usdide. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Skiy bilh hostkë. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Witah c’ighusdide. ʘ^sa

‑dzï ‑k’i#de/kë v. (neu)

tl’a#d-D‑de/kë v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Netl’adïde. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Netl’adïditkë. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Netl’aadïtkë. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Yik’ëtl’adïde. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Netl’adïndeyh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Netl’aondinïde’. ʘ^mf

caus ‑‑‑‑Netl’aabidïclhkë. ‑‑‑‑Netl’adïclhde.

pass ‑‑‑‑Nïnetl’aydïlhde. ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Netl’aydïlhde. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑C’iniggit netl’aydïlhde. ʘ^lm

cust

bï nïnetl’aydideyh n. ʘ^cd

> k’its’izde lhë’ nibelh “rocking chair” see under belh (il)

> k’its’izde hiyï hibil “swinging chair, chair swing” see under belh (il)

> tsëk sde “cast-iron pot with legs” see under tsëk

> Ts’ëde’ Sde “unnamed landmark” see under ts’ëde’

de⁴

‑de n. (JG/JK 73‑75:106 sdee “my chin”) ‑‑‑‑bide ʘ^mn ʘ^aj ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑nde ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bide lhtilh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Cin bide budiclhye. ʘ^mf For further examples of ‑de see d³ (under hid‑); k’in³ (ë a) (under O-d‑k’in); til (a) (under sem).

c’ide bï yelhdic n.

> ‑debegh “lips” see under bekh³

> lh-de#D-gim “be tight-lipped” see under gim

> ‑deghe “moustache” see under ghe²

> ‑deluh “lower lip” see under luh

> ‑dewïts “chin” see under wïts¹

> ‑deyuts “upper lip, pursed lips” see under yuts

de⁵, dekh sick, hurt

neu	de	de’	de’	de’
neuneg	deh	del	de’	de’
conc	dekh	de’	dekh	dekh
concneg	dek	del	dek	dek

dede n. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ʘ^gh (psd ‑dede’) (MP/JK 73‑75:91 deedee “fever”) ‑‑‑‑Dede yïlhcot. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dede k’ëdezay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Stin wik’ëdezay. ‑‑‑‑Dede hin ’it’iw. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Eyggï, ggï dede hin ’it’iw. Dede witalïlh. Ggit udoh ï’alh ne’ac’entsit. ʘ^sa For further example(s) of dede see zin (under ‑ts’i#c’-n‑lh-zin).

n-d‑D-de v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Ndïde’. ‑‑‑‑Hindïde’ ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Wendïsdeh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wendïndeh. For further example(s) of n-d‑D-de see ’ën’³ (under cust).

impf (1s ndisde, 2s ndïn‑, 3s ndi‑, 1d ndidi‑, 1p ts’indi‑, 2p ndiwh‑, 3p hindi‑) ‑‑‑‑Ndide. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ndisde. ʘ^lm I’m sick. ‑‑‑‑Ndïnde lic? ʘ^lm Are you sick? ‑‑‑‑Bikecin ndide. ‑‑‑‑Bidzï ndide. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ndidide. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’iyewh ts’indide. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndiwhde lic? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hindide yeenlï’. ʘ^lm

ndide beyikh n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ndide beyikh nis widïlhdzilhnï hiyik’idïlhts’iy. (LM/DR)

n-d‑D-de v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Ndïsde’. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Ndïzisde’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wendizïnde’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sts’el bik’ë wendïsde’. ‑‑‑‑Unis ïzilh tl’i hibikë ndide ’enï tiz bï ’eendzin. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Honlï yez nikat ndu weylïh. Wendïndel ’awit so’ ’oondzin. (LM/DR)

cust ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz ndïdekh. ʘ^mf

caus ‑‑‑‑Yindilhdekh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sleggek ndïziclhde’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dikecin yindïlhde’.

pass ‑‑‑‑Ts’akë bine’ tl’i bilhtsen hibilh dzilh k’it c’oniyïn. Yindïlhde’. Bilhtsen witsaneyïtghï.

> dinï ndidenï hibilegh ’it’ah “medical doctor” see under legh¹

> dede ghinlï “medical professional” see under lï⁴

> ndïdekhnï bï hibighidlï “workers’ compensation” see under lï⁴

> dede c’itsiy’ “cancer” see under tsiy’²

> ndidenï dïlhts’iy “hospital” see under ts’iy¹

de’¹

de’ adv. ‑‑‑‑Zundila hiwilhnï de’. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑“Stsets hin ’endzin,” bidïnï de’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Cën de’ digï welew. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further examples of de’ see ’ats (under ’at); nï² (under clf-mot); w² (under w‑⁶); ye³ (under dist).

de’ sub. ‑‑‑‑Hiney de’ hinic lha’yidïnlegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Skak hisdlï de’ c’izit bighoosis. (CA/JK 73‑75:95 skak esdlii de’ c’ezet beghooses) ‑‑‑‑“Hats’ilht’im’ de’” ’idïnïh. ʘ^gm

ïde’ adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoo’, ïde’ lic ’iwitnï. ‑‑‑‑Ïde’ wighiyendic. ʘ^lm

’et de’ adv. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Doso ’et de’ hiyï lhok khëlh tilhdilh.

’oh de’ adv. ‑‑‑‑’Ët’ën’ ’oh de’ celh nlï. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dohiy ’oh de’ si’ay.

c’ide’ adj. ‑‑‑‑c’ide’ hinic ‑‑‑‑c’ide’ tiy ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑c’ide’ sadzï ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑c’ide’ tsëggis ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ nedï dïztiy’ ha’aanïnzin. ʘ^lm

c’ide’ adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ nï’oost’ën’. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Copper ’ey tsatsan’ hiyilhnï c’ide’.

c’ide’in n. ʘ^aj (pl c’ide’nï) ʘ^aj ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’ide’in hinlï. Yin k’ënedzit. ʘ^mf

c’ide’nï n. ‑‑‑‑c’ide’nï hinic ʘ^mf

c’ide’ adv. ‑‑‑‑Ggin gwa c’ide’ bitsitl hot’ën tl’i ’oh yikh ts’ëyelh. ʘ^sa

c’idede’ n. ʘ^mf

> c’ide’ nï’it’ën’ wikinic “eulogy” see under hinic

> ghede’ “last year” see under ghet¹

> khiyde’ “last winter” see under khiy²

> lhalhde’ “yesterday” see under lhalhde’

> c’olhde’ “last spring” see under lït

> c’idede’ k’inewilnic “story-telling” see under nic³

> c’ide’ winïh “early riser” see under nïh²

> tl’ëde’ “last night” see under tl’ët¹

> tsësde’ “earlier in the day” see under tsësde’

> witside’ “previously, in the past” see under tside’

de’²

de’, nde’ dir. ʘ^mf ʘ^aj (CA/JK 73‑75:101 nde’ “west”) ‑‑‑‑De’ honye. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑De’ tangguh? ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑De’ wit’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nde’ wit’iy. ʘ^mf For further example(s) of de’, nde’ see tis² (under impfneg).

‑de’in n. (pl ‑de’nï) ʘ^aj

De’ wit’en n.

Nde’ pn.

Nde’ Kwah pn. ʘ^sa

dests’in dir. ‑‑‑‑udests’in ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Keyikh widests’in hoz’ay. ʘ^mf

dewh dir. ‑‑‑‑udewh, udewhiy For further example(s) of dewh see yez (under ‑sliyez).

det dir. ‑‑‑‑Ndet ndet. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ts’edet yikh hoz’ay. ʘ^mf

desdïts dir. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑ndesdïts ʘ^gh ʘ^ag ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Ndesdïts tëzts’iy. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa

‑dedzit p. ‑‑‑‑Widedzit si’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sdedzit niye. ʘ^mf

Nde’ Ïkwah, Nde’ Ïlkwah pn. ʘ^sa ʘ^mf (Gaz Dee’el Kwe (Gyologet), Dee’el Kwe (Skokum Wasas), Dee’el Kwe (Wah Tah Kwets) “Telkwa River”, AJ/JK 86:40 dee’el kwe “Telkwa R.” “possibly ’flowing toward ocean’”, AJ/JK 86:20 de’eel kwa “westward”)

Nde’ Ïkwah Cëk pn. (Gaz Dee’el Kwe Ceek “river junction”)

Nde’ Ïkwah Tl’at Dzilh pn. (Gaz Dee’el Kwe Tl’aat Dzeɬ “mountains/boundary”)

> Nde’ Ditëst’ay “Sibola Peak, Sibola Mountains, Rhine Ridge, Mt. Sweeney” see under ’a²

> C’ide’ Ïkwah “Driftwood Cr.” see under kwah

> C’idedzit Lhedlï “19‑mile creek” see under lï²

> Nde’ Wibezdïyeyh “hill near Springhill” see under ye⁵

de’³

de’, nde’ exp. ʘ^bm ʘ^mf ʘ^mf

> dede “sickness, illness, disease” see under de⁵

> dediltël “porch” see under tël

> dedïnt’ats “window” see under t’as¹

> dedïnyïz “hermit thrush” see under yïz

dedzikh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑Dedzikh ’ey wih be’ nlï wibe c’izu’. (LM/DR)

dedzï n. ʘ^mf (Gavia immer) ‑‑‑‑Dedzï bin k’it naal’ëlh. Dedzï biyin c’indinizu’. Hiney bin begh nilh’as dedzï hibik’inewilnic. K’ay so’ ts’enek ’iwedisnï’. Dedzï ’ey k’ay ’elhë’ sunye yik’isde. (LM/DR)

Dedzï Tsë Bin pn. (AlM, CA/JK:24 deedzii ben)

Dedzï Tsë Kwah pn.

> dedzï sunye “loonie” see under sunye

> deggït “gaff pole with reversed hook, fish spear” see under ggït²

deh exp. ʘ^bm ʘ^aj deeeh (emphatically). ‑‑‑‑Deeh, Sis.

ka’ deh exp. ʘ^bm ka’ deeeh (emphatically).

deh, det need

conc	deh	det/del	deh	deh
concneg	det	del	det	det

‑i#ts’-u‑lh-deyh v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Bits’oclhdeh. ‑‑‑‑Biyikh wits’oclhdeh. ‑‑‑‑Wits’oclhdeh. ‑‑‑‑Sdzï yits’olhdeh. ʘ^bm

‑e ts’-u‑deh v. ‑‑‑‑Hida tsiy bï ts’odeh hozlï’. ‑‑‑‑Sunye wih bï ts’odeh. ‑‑‑‑C’ide’nï wighi yeelhdic: ts’aku c’izu’nï hibï ts’odeh. Dinï c’izu’nï hibï ts’odeh.

‑e ts’-u‑l-deyh v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Yï ts’oldeh. ‑‑‑‑Bï ts’ogildeh. ‑‑‑‑Deltsic bï ts’oldeh? ‑‑‑‑Bï wets’ozigildeh. ‑‑‑‑Bï ts’ozigildet. I’m really short of it. ‑‑‑‑Nyï nets’ozigildet.

‑c’ats u-t‑D-deh v. (s ~ e,e) ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats utësdeh. ‑‑‑‑Bic’ats utëzisdeh. ‑‑‑‑Silhtëhts’iy bic’ats utësdel. ‑‑‑‑Yic’ats utëdeh. ‑‑‑‑Yic’ats utëdel.

dek

dzilh dek n. ʘ^mf

widek n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Widek wik’aadïlhts’iy. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Widek witsin’ winïlh’ën. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Widek siyïn. ‑‑‑‑Widek ts’ënisye. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Widek ts’isisye. ʘ^lm

Tsë Dek Utiy pn. (Gaz Tsee deek wetay “mountain peak”, Tsee deek’wetay “peak”; AJ/JK 86‑2:26 tsee “rock” deek “along” wutay “trail”, CA, AlM/JK 86:13 Tsee diik “on upper rock” hutay “trail”)

Tsë Zul Dek pn.

> widek lhay nilh’as “unfocused person” see under ’as

dekitl n. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Dekitl bï lht’ic’ibidïn’a. (LM/DR)

dek’a n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dek’a ha’niszin. ‑‑‑‑Dek’a ’aalh’iyh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dek’a ’itanïlh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dek’a ’enlegh. Uzï talhcilh. (LM/DR) For further examples of dek’a see diz⁴ (under sem); diz⁴ (under dur).

> dek’a distl’its “cigarette paper” see under distl’is

> dek’a bik’ikh “tobacco smoke” see under k’ikh¹

> dek’a zis “tobacco pouch” see under zis²

> ‑dek’al “inside throat, around uvula” see under k’al

dekh¹

‑dekh n. ‑‑‑‑Bidekh niyil’ëlh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bidekh ïnïh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bidekh ditsin. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Libuday bidekh honcagh ’ey c’itsiy tl’i lhok, nit’ay, haniyekh bï yidlïz. (LM/DR)

‑bit dekh n. ‑‑‑‑c’ibit dekh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bibit dekh hoz’ay wits’iditnïc. ʘ^mf

widekh n.

de# vpf. (n,n mom

mot ‑‑‑‑Denïnyeyh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Honzu niwhyikh deniwhdïl. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dewesyel. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yikh denenge. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑K’ay weekend, Tsayu balhats witalïlh. ’Et Victor kwa denetadelh. ’Et so’ ’itnï. ʘ^gm For further example(s) of mot see kit¹ (e) (under caus).

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Deynïntan. ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑T’alh deynïnle. ‑‑‑‑Tsiz deydïnïnle. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Mbïtah ’itat’elh wika’nïnzin keyikh wighinlï beyikh deodïlh. For further example(s) of clf-mot see hin (under place where).

‑de‑(ne)#O-d‑ vpf. (n,n mom clf-mot) ‑‑‑‑Widenec’idïnïn’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bidenec’idïnïn’ayh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Widenec’iditastelh. ‑‑‑‑Bidenec’idïnis’ay. ‑‑‑‑Widenewec’idizun’atl. ‑‑‑‑Dabawin hiyï widec’idïlh’ay. (LM/DR)

pass ‑‑‑‑Bidec’idïn’ay. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ggin hidiyin’ tah nuudïlh hibic’a widec’idïnle. ʘ^ib

bï widec’idïn’ay n. ʘ^mf

libuday dedïn’ay n.

dekh² disappear

cont	dekh	degh	dekh	dekh
contneg	dek	dikh	dek	dek
mom	dekh	degh	dikh	dekh
momneg	dek	dikh	dik	dek
prog	dikh

(d‑)dekh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nididekh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’A nididekh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’A nidïzdegh. ‑‑‑‑Cëley nididekh ’aw k’is nts’ë dinï hibibe ’it’iyh. (LM/DR)

nididekh n.

caus ‑‑‑‑Nic’idilhdekh. ʘ^mn For further example(s) of caus see tsil² (under caus).

nic’idilhdekhin n. ʘ^mf

mom ‑‑‑‑C’indec tëzdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’indec hondegh. ‑‑‑‑Bïac’idïndegh. ʘ^mf ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Nit’ay hac’idïndegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hodïndegh. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Sinic ’adïndegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Niwhc’anïndegh. ‑‑‑‑Ts’enek hibibingo lhay sc’anïndegh. ʘ^wj For further example(s) of mom see to (under to¹).

ha#d-dekh v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑’Ey dicin hawedisdek. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Ndudi hadïlhdekh? ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Hac’idïclhdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Tsiz hadïclhdegh. Tsiz sgheditanlïlh?

h-n‑dekh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Hinïdikh. ʘ^mf

cont ‑‑‑‑Kwin naanidekh. ʘ^mf

mom ‑‑‑‑Kwin nebeenïzdegh.

‑ë ‑i-ne#c’-dekh v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Bï ts’ac tl’i ’usa hinec’idekh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bï wikë nec’idekh hinlï. Tl’i kë bik’isile. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of ‑ë ‑i-ne#c’-dekh see tset¹ (under tsiltset).

bï c’inec’idekh n. ʘ^mf

bï ts’ac hinec’idekh n. ʘ^mf

bï libot hinec’idekh n. ʘ^mf

distl’is bï winec’idekh n.

bï wizek winec’idekh n. ʘ^mf

niwhnic bï winec’idekh n. ʘ^mf

bï niwhtsitl winec’idekh n. ʘ^mf

bï niwhbu’ winec’idekh n.

caus ‑‑‑‑Tsë hiynec’ilhdekh. ʘ^mf (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bile hinec’iclhdekh. ‑‑‑‑Nyinic winec’elhdekh. ‑‑‑‑Bizek winec’elhdegh. ‑‑‑‑Yineoc’inïlhdegh. ‑‑‑‑Yinec’italhdikh. ‑‑‑‑Yibe winec’ëlhdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bï c’inec’its’ilhdekh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhbe dzikh ’aadïtgegh. Lhëënt’az. Skiy’ silï’. Skiy’ hinec’ilhdekh. (LM/DR)

yikh yin’ winec’ilhdekh n. ʘ^mf

hiyï dinec’ildekh n.

cust ‑‑‑‑Hiyïanec’ilhdikh.

‑zek bï w-ne#c’-lh-dekh v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Sizek bï winec’itaclhdekh. ʘ^mf (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nzek bï winec’elhdekh. (LM/DR)

le#c’-d/n-l‑dekh v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Lec’inïldekh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dinï bin’ daadïyeyh lec’aanildekh tl’i haneenidzoh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lec’iznildekh widiggit dighedïnle. (LM/DR)

bï lec’its’ildekh n. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bï lec’its’ildekh bï tits’ilghis. (LM/DR)

bïts lec’its’ildekh n. ʘ^mf

‑c’a#O-degh v. (n,n mom) O normally filled by c’‑ or w‑. ‑‑‑‑Bic’ac’inïndegh. ʘ^kn

caus ‑‑‑‑Bic’ac’iniclhdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hinic bï hibic’ac’inïlhdegh. ‑‑‑‑Yic’aoc’inïlhdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wic’aniclhdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Wic’aonïlhdegh. ‑‑‑‑’Adic c’anedïldegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Adic c’aneoldegh. ‑‑‑‑So’ yic’awec’elhdikh. ʘ^wj

ho#O-n‑lh-dekh v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Honïclhdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hinslah hoc’inïgildegh. ʘ^mf

O-n‑t-lh-dekh v. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Ntëziclhdegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hontinïclhdegh. ‑‑‑‑Ntëzigildegh.

> bï c’ët winec’idekh “dish towel, paper towel” see under ët (e ï)

> bï lec’its’ildekh letl’is “hand soap” see under letl’is

dekh³ pl experience cyclical event

cont	dekh	degh	dekh	dekh
contneg	dek	dikh	dek	dek
mom	dekh	degh	dikh	dekh
momneg	dek	dikh	dik	dek
prog	dikh
progneg	dik
cust	dikh
custneg	dik

‑dekh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Naadidïlhnï naadekh. ‑‑‑‑Nididekh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Sts’itëzdegh. ‑‑‑‑Honlï yez niwhghedekh. ‑‑‑‑Bighewec’edikh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hots hats’ëndegh. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Gidimt’en hots haendegh.

n-dekh v. ‑‑‑‑Sdzï bighic’onïzdegh.

‑dekh v. (prog) ‑‑‑‑Ïdikh.

d-dekh v. (prog) ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh dïndikh? ‑‑‑‑Tsayu ts’enlï. Tsayu k’izdïdikh. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Hidïdikh. ʘ^wj ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ïdikhnï, lhiyenis hëdikh. ʘ^sa

dïdikh n. ʘ^hn (pl ïdikhnï) ʘ^sa (pl dïdikhnï) ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’itsiy ’aw k’is ndu dïdikh hiyi’alh. Ho’ints’idït cas weeyis’alh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Silh dïdikhnï Tsayu nlï. ‑‑‑‑Silh dïdikhnï ’indzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ulïts dïdikhnï hiyï c’i’alh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Dï yin k’it kwandoh hidïdikh dighil hit’iy. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further example(s) of dïdikh see dik’alt’iy (under dik’alt’ewh).

‑k’idïdikh, ‑k’idïdikhnï n. ‑‑‑‑sk’idïdikh ‑‑‑‑sk’idïdikhnï ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nyen wit’en ’enï wih sk’idïdikhnï henlï. ʘ^lm

kë#d-dekh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Këëdïdikh.

cont ‑‑‑‑Yin’ nikëzdidekh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nikëëdidekh. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Ninekëëdïsdegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nikëdidekhnï hiyghewh tiy nikëëdidekh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

bï nikëzdidekh n. ʘ^bo

bï dinï nikëdidekh n.

Dinï zulh Ninekëdidekh n. ʘ^lm

Dinï zïc Ninekëdidekh n.

tiy bighewh nikëzdidekh n. ʘ^ha (LM/DR)

mom ‑‑‑‑Hakëdïndegh. ‑‑‑‑Niwhnilhyekhnï hibits’akëdïndegh.

dist ‑‑‑‑Witsankënts’idïzdegh.

tsagh y-ï#n-dekh v. (?,e) ‑‑‑‑Tsagh yïznïndegh.

so’ nï#d-dekh v. (n,n mom) often with ne‑.

cust ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ ts’aku lisal hiyï so’ nïneedidikh. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑So’ nïniwhdilhdikh.

ts’ë-ne#D-dekh v. (n,n mom) ‑‑‑‑Ts’ënets’indegh.

caus ‑‑‑‑Ts’ëneebinïlhdegh.

cust ‑‑‑‑Ts’ëneebilhdikh.

yin k’ë#dekh v. (0,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Yin k’ëëndegh. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lhalhde’ yin k’ëëndegh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Skak k’ay yin k’ëëdekh hiyïdïlhts’iy. ʘ^lm

dzikh ‑dekh v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Yin kak nï’wit’ën’. Dzikh naadekh. ʘ^bn

(‑ghi)nï#n-dekh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Ninïïnidekh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Ndï hinic skak hiyik’iyetalhdic tl’i hiyghinïntadekh wenï gen c’ik’istggiz. (LM)

‑k’i-nï#n-dekh v. (?,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Niwhk’inïntadikh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dzikh hiyk’inïnïndegh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Yikh bï wighidlï. Dzikh niwhk’inïnidekh ’enï hibic’a ’oondzin. ʘ^lm

degh

‑degh p. ‑‑‑‑Yidegh nïnïnye. ʘ^vg

de# vpf. (n,n) ‑‑‑‑Yidenïnye. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yidetayelh.

deghe

‑deghe p. ‑‑‑‑Bideghe hisagh. ‑‑‑‑Bideghe ’idïnïh.

> ‑deghe ye#t-lh-dic “interrupt” see under dic²

> ‑deghï “cream” see under khë

> ‑dekw’ëts “pendulous lips, labret, discarded leaf on berry” see under kw’ëts

> ‑demik “snout, upper lip” see under mik

> ‑denïlhghe’ “beard, goatee” see under ghe²

> deolhat “how many times” see under lhay

des¹ singe

conc	des	dez	des	des
concneg	dets	dis	dets	dets

O‑(n‑)lh-des v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Ïlhdes. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Yilhdes. ʘ^gh ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Hida bincis hiclhdes. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a hiwhlhdes? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bidzik niclhdes. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Sciz siclhdez. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Hida bincis taclhdes. ʘ^sa

des² weigh

neu	dez	dez	dez	dez
neuneg	dez	dez	dez	dez
cont	des	dez	des	des
contneg	dets	dis	dets	dets
compar	diz

‑dez v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Ndez. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Dïndez. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Niwhbe dïndez? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Witside’ ïsdez. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Weydez. ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë neditant’is wighunlï’. Nkë ndez silï’. ʘ^sa

compar ‑‑‑‑Deldiz? ‑‑‑‑Nggï bidiyildez. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lhdaaldiz. ‑‑‑‑Dets’ildiz wik’inewilnic. ’Aw k’is ndu nilhdes. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Gis tl’ol kwandoh tah ’idïlco, kwandoh ’ildiz wenï ’indzin. (LM/DR)

O-lh-des v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nisiclhdez. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Neydïlhdez. ‑‑‑‑Niyilhdes. ʘ^gh

dinï nilhdes n. ʘ^vg

pass ‑‑‑‑Dinï nildes. ʘ^vg

nildesin n. ʘ^vg

dinï nildes beyikh n. ʘ^vg

bizïc nildes n. ʘ^vg

bï nic’ildes n. ʘ^vg

desk’ët

‑desk’ët n. ‑‑‑‑bidesk’ët ʘ^bm ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑dinïze’ bidesk’ët ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Didesk’ët wik’ëlhaolhtsiy. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further example(s) of ‑desk’ët see ye⁵ (under mom⁵). [cf. de³ “sg. sits”]

det

neu	det
compar	det

‑det v. (neu) often occurs with yez “little” to intensify narrowness. ‑‑‑‑Ndet. ʘ^aj ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Ndet yez. ʘ^ha ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Cinïh, ’en wih hibincis ndet. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hisdet. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Hondet. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Tiy hondet. ʘ^vg ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Wedet.

sa ndet n. ʘ^lm

Bït Ndet pn. (Gaz Biit Ndeet “Binta Lake” “lake (basin)”, AJ/JK 86‑2:31 Biit “char” Ndeet “narrow”)

Niwidïdet pn. (Gaz Newdiideet “narrows”, AJ/JK 86‑2:22 newdiideet “narrows”)

tandet n. ʘ^vg

Tandet pn. (Gaz Tandeet (Gyologet) “Anzac Lake” “Stepp Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:27 Tandeet)

Tandet pn. (Gaz Tandeet (Namox) “swamp”)

Tandet Tabegh pn. (Gaz Tandeet Tabeegh “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:26 tandeet “narrow water” tabeegh “shore”, CA, AlM/JK 86:14 taandeet “narrow water” tabeegh “shore”)

compar ‑‑‑‑Dedïldet? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yikh deoldet? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Bik’ë’et ’iydïldet. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Binis ’iydïldet. ʘ^vg

ceyh#det v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Ceyh ndet. ‑‑‑‑Ceyh hendet. ‑‑‑‑Ceyh ïndet.

compar ‑‑‑‑Deceyh hildet?

det adj.

‑ncis det n. ‑‑‑‑bincis det ʘ^sa ʘ^sm

sa det n.

tl’olh det n. ʘ^mf (JG/JK 78‑2:10 tl’oɬ det “snowshoe webbing”; SP/JK 75:17 tl’ooɬ deet “s. webbing”) For example(s) for tl’olh det see tsagh¹ (under O-tsagh).

‑yïsdet n. ‑‑‑‑biyïsdet ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Biyïsdet hondet. ʘ^vg

‑yïsdet nïz’ay n. ‑‑‑‑biyïsdet nïz’ay ʘ^vg

> ‑yïsdebit “gullet (of grouse)” see under bit

> ‑yïsdek’al “inside throat, around uvula” see under k’al

> yïsde#l-k’it “throat swells up” see under k’it¹ (ë)

> bï c’iditghes det yez “chisel” see under ghes³

> ‑yïsdenikh “throat, tonsil” see under nikh² (e)

> ‑yïsdetl’ol “windpipe, trachea” see under tl’olh

> detet “outside the front door” see under tet

detic n. ʘ^aj ʘ^vg (psd ‑detic) (JG/JK 78:26 c’idetic “lid”) ‑‑‑‑bidetic ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Detic ’et stan. ʘ^vg [< de# “through opening” + tiyh “(rigid) customarily is”?]

‑detic n. ‑‑‑‑Bidetic winï.

detic k’ët n. ʘ^vg

> bit’ats detic nibelh “door hinge” see under belh (il)

> detic ghinïz’ay “door knob” see under ghi

> detic ghinlï “doorman” see under lï⁴

> detiy “doorway” see under tiy³

detsan n. (Corvus brachyrhynchos)

Detsan prsn. Gidimt’en chief name. (Jenness Dettsan (Raven))

tëkh detsan n. (Melanitta perspicillata)

Detsan K’iz Yis pn.

> detsan ’an k’it “common juniper” see under ’an

> detsan cin’ “Rocky Mt. juniper” see under cin¹

> detsan kë git “common juniper” see under git²

> detsan kecin “scouring-rush” see under kecin

> Detsan T’aco “unnamed mountain” see under t’a⁴

> detsan tsil “common raven” see under tsil¹

> ‑dets’al “scum, foam” see under ts’al²

> dets’uz “shrew” see under ts’uz

Dewdzimts’ik prsn. ʘ^sa Likhts’amisyu chief name.

> dewïts “kettle with big spout, spout, rock used as axe” see under wïts¹

deyh¹ dance

dur	deyh	dec	deyh	deyh
durneg	deyh	dïh	deyh	deyh
mom	deyh	dec	dïh	deyh
momneg	dec	dïh	dic	dec
cont	deyh			.
cust	dïh

n-D‑deyh v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Nideyh. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hinideyh. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nïndeyh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Ts’iyewh ts’inïdec. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Indimenik tl’i ’iye’ ts’iyewh hinïdec. ‑‑‑‑Nggin ’en wenïdïh. ‑‑‑‑Honïdec. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lhghen’ wintadeyh. ʘ^lm ʘ^vg (LM/DR) For further example(s) of n-D‑deyh see lï³ (under O-d‑D-lï).

këledzec bï nideyh n.

winideyh beyikh n. ʘ^vg

tsan’ ’ët nideyh n. ‑‑‑‑ts’aku tsan’ ’ët nideyhnï ‑‑‑‑dinï tsan’ ’ët nideyhnï

cust For example(s) for cust see tlikh (at) (under di#l-tlic).

cont ‑‑‑‑Naanideyh. ʘ^vg

mom ‑‑‑‑Denïdec. ‑‑‑‑Denïndec. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dentadïh.

deyh²

conc

deyh

dey

.

to O-n‑deyh v. ‑‑‑‑To yinideyh ’engha ’agh c’oh biyïlhtsët, lemidec. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑To yinïsdey.

dey starve

conc	dey	dey	dey	dey
concneg	dey	del	dey	dey

dey n. ʘ^lm (psd ‑de’) ‑‑‑‑Dinï dey silï’. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dey hozlï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dey yizïlhghï. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dey hoynizïlhghï. ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ dey k’ëdezay. For further example(s) of dey see ’alh (under O‑’alh).

(ne#)O-n‑D-dey v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Tazil nïzisdey. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑C’inïzisdey. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nec’inïsdey. ʘ^lm

Bït C’inïsdey pn. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Binec’inïzigildey. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Snec’inïlhdey. ‑‑‑‑Dinec’inïzigildey. ʘ^vg

di¹

diD‑ vpf. D‑ an abstract consonant, with the same shapes as d¹.

did‑: ‑‑‑‑Nididzut. ʘ^vg

dit‑: ‑‑‑‑Wec’onusdityïn’. Tabï newilhtiyh. ‑‑‑‑Coke hiditney. ‑‑‑‑’Itadit’elh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Iwesodit’ën’. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Awitsic sditgïz.

di‑: ‑‑‑‑Hiditsagh. ʘ^vg

dil‑: ‑‑‑‑Mabel bilh ïdildzilh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Wesodilghïtl. ‑‑‑‑Wetizïdilghïtl.

di²

di# vpf. (cust mot) ‑‑‑‑Diyeyh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dilggïh.

di³

‑di#l‑ vpf. (0 ~ e ~ s,0 compar) e‑ cnj after qualifer. (dim) ‑‑‑‑Lhdits’ilyïz. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lhdaalhco. ʘ^vg For further examples of ‑di#l‑ see co (under l-co); des² (under compar); k’in’ (under compar); zu’ (under compar); tsic¹ (under l-tsic); tsin¹ (a) (under compar); tsin² (under compar); tsiy’² (under compar); wit¹ (under compar).

di⁴

‑di#d‑ vpf. (0,e) ‑‑‑‑C’ididïn’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Hibidic’idïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwin bidinec’idïn’ayh. ʘ^hn For further examples of ‑di#d‑ see ghiz¹ (under O-d‑ghiz); le³ (ï) (under dist).

bidiydïn’ay n.

caus ‑‑‑‑C’ididïlhts’iy. ʘ^sa

pass

c’idaadilts’iy n. ‑‑‑‑lhic c’idaadilts’iy ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑ïzlhiy c’idaadilt’iy

di⁵

‑di#d‑ vpf. (s,s mom

mot ‑‑‑‑Yididïzye. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Tsëh bididïzisye... ‑‑‑‑Hibididïzisye. ‑‑‑‑Bididïziskwiz.

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Bidiydïzïn’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bidiydïzis’ay. ‑‑‑‑Bidiydïzïn’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Bidiydïzïlhtiy.

di⁶

di#w-n‑ vpf. (s,s mom succ) ‑‑‑‑Yilh doonïzt’az. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yilh doonïztal. ‑‑‑‑Yilh doonïzggït. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bilh doonïzïnggït. For further example(s) of di#w-n‑ see ’elh (under ’elhikhin).

di⁷

di# vpf. di# replaces ’i# for verbs with that prefix. When ’et directly precedes di#, t and d often coalesce into d. ‑‑‑‑’Et daat’iyh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Oh diwits’ët’ën’, dzilh k’its. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hibits’idaat’iyh. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’En wih ’et daayïnlegh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Et dïnt’ah. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Et diwht’ah. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Et diwesizïlh’ën’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑’Et dïndzin. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Et doondzin niwets’isdïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et didïnïh. ʘ^lm ʘ^hm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑’Et diditanïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bibih ’et de’ ’et dit’iw, dzïhtël. ʘ^gm

di⁸

‑di wh. optional focus marker, common with wh-questions, usually affixed to wh‑ word; variant of ‑ti. (CA, AlM/JK 86:15 nduu t’a diinii “what did you say?”) ‑‑‑‑Ndudi netant’ilh? ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Ndu netant’ilh? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ndu c’iyehts’iydi hiyilhnï? ʘ^gm

dibe

‑dibe p. ‑‑‑‑Niwhdibe niye. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ts’iyewh niwhdibe hoz’ay. ʘ^mf ʘ^ib For further examples of ‑dibe see dzec² (under prog); ts’iy² (under ‑ts’iy).

> dibe u-D‑lï “be shy, humble” see under lï⁴

dibeh, dibïh n. ʘ^aj ʘ^sm (AJ, CA/JK 73‑75:17 debii “mt. sheep”; JG/JK 78‑2:9 dibiyh winee lec “are there sheep?”)

dic¹

dic adv. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dic deztanïlh? ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dic nyudilhkit. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dic bibe ’idïnïh. Ggit dïnyidi’ayh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Dic ’en ’alha’ ’itnï. ‑‑‑‑Dic ’ey bï c’iditghitin hiyï c’idighit. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Dic ’agh ts’iyetsic binewdïzigilnikh nyidisnï. ʘ^wj For further example(s) of dic see lhi (under clf-mot).

dic² talk

dur	dic	dic	dic	dic
durneg	dic	dïh	dic	dic
mom	dïh	dic	dïh	dïh
momneg	dic	dïh	dic	dic
cust	dïh

ye#dic v. ‑‑‑‑Yendic. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Ïtggis bï yendic. ‑‑‑‑Yetadic. ‑‑‑‑Nusdïts yendic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Hibilh yewedïh. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Ggin we bilh yedic ts’iwelew tabï tso ha’disnï’. ‑‑‑‑Bighiyedic. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bits’ic’inïnt’ic wighiyedic. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bïts yedic. Dinï ni’as lhoodilh ’awit bï yedic bï yelhdic. (LM/DR)

yedic n. ʘ^aj ʘ^sa For examples for yedic see ’a² (under dï#O-d‑’a/le); ’awit; lhdu.

leggek bï yedic n.

yedic beyikh n. ‑‑‑‑Yedic beyikh yendic. ʘ^vg

bï yedic n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ts’itëzdïl, bï yedic lhëdïzts’ay. ʘ^vg For further examples of bï yedic see dic² (under ye#dic); kat¹ (under mom).

ïtggis bï yedic n. ʘ^vg ʘ^sa (LM/DR)

yebegh bï yedic n.

(‑ilh) ye#lh-dic v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Yewelhdïh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Neyeeldic. ‑‑‑‑Lhilh neyewhlhdic. ‑‑‑‑Dinï bïts yewetalhdic. ‑‑‑‑Yentalhdic. ʘ^sa For further example(s) of (‑ilh) ye#lh-dic see ho (under oper).

impf (1s yeclhdic, 2s yelh‑, 3s yelh‑, 1d yedil‑, 1p yets’ilh‑, 2p yewhlh‑, 3p yeelh‑) ‑‑‑‑Yelhdic. ‑‑‑‑Yeelhdic. ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ʘ^ib They’re talking. ‑‑‑‑Yewhlhdic. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Sbe bilh yelhdic.

impf with ‑ilh “to” and ne#D‑ reflexive. (1s dilh neyegildic, 2s dilh neyel‑, 3s dilh neyel‑, 1d dilh neyel‑, 1p dilh neyets’il‑, 2p dilh neyewhlh‑, 3p dilh neyeel‑) ‑‑‑‑Dilh neyeldic. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dilh neyegildic. ʘ^mf I’m talking to myself. ‑‑‑‑Dilh neyeldic. ʘ^mf You’re talking to yourself. ‑‑‑‑Dilh neyedildic. ʘ^mf We (du.) are talking to ourselves. ‑‑‑‑Dilh neyets’ildic. ʘ^mf We’re talking to ourselves. ‑‑‑‑Dilh neyewhlhdic. ʘ^mf You’re talking to yourselves. ‑‑‑‑Dilh neyeeldic. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm They’re talking to themselves.

pf (1s yeclhdic, 2s yelh‑, 3s yelh‑, 1d yedil‑, 1p yets’ilh‑, 2p yewhlh‑, 3p yeelh‑) ‑‑‑‑Yelhdic. ‑‑‑‑Neyets’ëldic. ‑‑‑‑Niwhdinïze’ hibilh neyets’ëldic. ‑‑‑‑Tsëh yeonïlhdic. ʘ^vg

dinï be yelhdic n. ʘ^vg (pl dinï be yelhdicnï)

nelhdic t’akh yelhdic n.

Ts’ilhgï Yelhdic pn.

Ts’ilhgï Yelhdic Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz Ts’eɬgii yeeɬdee ts’anlii “creek”, AJ/JK 86‑2:49 ts’eɬgii “bird” ’helldiver’ yeelhdec “talks” ts’anlii “flows from”)

cust ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz yelhdïh.

‑ts’i-ye#dic v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Bits’iyendic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ïtggis bï niwhts’iyendic. For further example(s) of ‑ts’i-ye#dic see lhk’u (under lhk’un).

caus ‑‑‑‑Yits’iyelhdic. ‑‑‑‑Bits’iyeclhdic. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑George nts’ën’a udïlhye Lillian wits’iyelhdic?

‑k’i-ye#lh-dic v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Ggï distl’is so’ bik’iyelhdic. ‑‑‑‑Yik’iyelhdic. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑So’ yik’iyelhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’iyelhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’iyewesiclhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dï hinic ’ey Vi tl’i Lillian hiyk’iyelhdic. ‑‑‑‑C’udil’ëkh beyikh skak hiyk’iyelhdic. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑’Ohde’ so’ mbï nïdo k’iyewelhdic. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sk’iyelhdic. ‑‑‑‑’Adic dik’iyeldic. ʘ^lm

(distl’is) bik’iyedic n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Bik’iyedic bik’iyets’ilhdic. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bik’iyedic lhk’isile. ʘ^mn [< ‑k’i-ye#dic “read”, but verb no longer used]

distl’is bik’iyedic beyikh n. ʘ^vg

‑ghi-ye#lh-dic v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Didinï’ yighiyelhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nyuzï’ bighiyetaclhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Hane’diltsic. Ghineyeldic.

tsi-ye#lh-dic v. (dur) (JM/JK 78:62 tseyeɬdic “pl. are crying”) ‑‑‑‑Tsiyets’ilhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Tsiyeelhdic. ʘ^ma

ye#t-lh-dic v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Yetelhdïh. (CA/JK 78:10 yeteɬdiyh) ‑‑‑‑Yeztëlhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dzikh yetëziclhdic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dinï ze’ dinï bïts ’awtoka yewetilhdic. Nkinic bighïnlïh, yetalhdic witsëh. (LM) For further example(s) of ye#t-lh-dic see n² (under n-t‑).

cust ‑‑‑‑Yetilhdïh. ‑‑‑‑Yentildïh. ’Elhits hoyenïlhdïh. ʘ^sa

‑deghe ye#t-lh-dic v. ‑‑‑‑Hibideghe yetëlhdic. ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑Sdeghe yetalhdïh. ‑‑‑‑Sdeghe yewetizulhdic. ‑‑‑‑Sdeghe yewetolhdic.

cust ‑‑‑‑Hibideghe yetilhdïh. ʘ^cd

‑ta-ye#lh-dic v. ‑‑‑‑Lhtayeeldïh. ʘ^vg

ha-ye#n-l‑dic v. ‑‑‑‑Hayenildïh. ʘ^vg

> c’ide bï yelhdic “labial consonants” see under de⁴

> bï c’ik’ënc’itggiz bï yedic lhk’u nlï “computer” see under lï⁴

> bï yedic bitl’ol “cord for electronic device” see under tl’olh

dic³

ne#O-l‑dic v. (s,‑ neu) ‑‑‑‑Nesigildic. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic neyilhdic. ʘ^vg

nelhdic n. ʘ^vg ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic ’et silhcoz.

c’o’ats nelhdic n. ʘ^vg

dilkw’akh nelhdic n. ʘ^vg (Nuphar polysepalum) (JM/JK 78:60 dilkw’akh neɬdic “plantain”, JG/JK 78‑2:18 dilkw’ax neɬdic “coltsfoot”)

mila nelhdic n. ʘ^cm

‑nelhdic ’i#lekh v. ‑‑‑‑Yinelhdic ’enlegh. ʘ^vg (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Dighï yinelhdic ’enlegh. ’Et ’iltsic kwilet winïze yileyïn’ay. (LM/DR)

> nelhdic t’akh yelhdic “pillow talk” see under dic²

> nelhdic bï c’inïlhdiw “comforter” see under diw³

> nelhdic beozt’ic “comforter cover” see under t’ic

dicin n. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm (psd ‑dicin’) (d) (AJ, CA/JK 73‑75:24,31 dekyen “wood”, “tree, stick”) ‑‑‑‑luts dicin ‑‑‑‑dicin yez ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑dicin dïnyïz ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dicin yuntan. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dicin bit’aynistan. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Digï bidicin’ dïnt’ikw, ’usa yin’ hiyilh’ay tl’a c’ooyïn. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further example(s) of dicin see yu² (under yu). [cf. ‑cin “wood, woody bush”]

dicin tah pp. ‑‑‑‑Dicin tah wist’iy. ʘ^lm For further examples of dicin tah see ’ën’² (under c’-ki-nï‑’i#D‑’ën’); bïlh (under witso’ bïl); cin² (under cin); gïwh (u) (under diguh); lï² (under nenlï); lï⁴ (under dinï ‑lï); t’ic (under lhit#d-t’ic).

Misdzï Yikh Dicin’ pn. name of Likhts’amisyu totem pole in Hagwilget.

c’idicin’ n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑sis c’idicin’ ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑cas c’idicin’ ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’idicin’ co hodïn’a.

c’ilhtiy dicin’ n. ʘ^ha ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

> dicin winïnïlt’agh “wooden peg, stake” see under ’agh²

> Dicin Dilt’agh Kwah “Jonas Cr.” see under ’agh²

> dicin nenïlh’agh “timberline” see under ’agh³

> dicin bï c’it’alh “chopsticks” see under ’alh

> dicin ninilh’ëlh “logger, faller” see under ’ëlh³

> dicin ’usa’ “wooden bucket” see under ’usa

> dicin c’ilhtiy “bow (for arrows)” see under c’ilhtiy

> dicin ditilhgguh “logging truck” see under gguh² (ïwh)

> dicin kecip “wooden spoon” see under kecip

> dicin bï deyindinilhkic “cork” see under kit¹ (e)

> dicin hilhghis “grub worm, termite, pine beetle” see under ghis¹ (e)

> dicin tilhiy “coyote” see under lhiy²

> Dicin Nenïn’a see under ne²

> dicin c’ists’o’ “black birch burl” see under sts’o’

> Dicin Dïnt’ikw “unnamed place” see under t’ikw

> dicin dilht’im “woodpecker” see under t’im

> Dicin Ultlat see under tlikh (at)

> Dicin Ts’olhtl’es “unnamed hill” see under tl’iz (e)

> bï dicin ditsëlh “broad axe” see under tsël

> dicin hilhtsin “Sitka mountain ash” see under tsin¹ (a)

> dicin dïssiz “dead tree” see under tsiz

> dicin tsiy’ “poisonous plant” see under tsiy’²

> dicis “fist” see under cis¹

dic’ah adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Dic’ah sde. ‑‑‑‑Dic’ah naadïlh bin’ daadïyeyh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndu dic’ah nï’il’ën’ ts’iyewh nts’ën’a hiyï’indzin hiyudïlhye. (LM/DR) For further examples of dic’ah see dit’ay; ti (under mot).

dic’ats adv. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dic’ats nisiye. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nin dic’ats nits’idïlh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dic’ats k’inesdeyh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dic’ats hanesge. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑C’olilh keyikh lhoodilh dic’ats hitadilh wenï. (LM) ‑‑‑‑Dic’ats hitadilh ’awit dic’ah hiyïstëz. (LM/DR)

dic’a# vpf. (n,n mom

mot ‑‑‑‑Dic’alggec. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dic’anïnye. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dic’andit’az. ʘ^lm

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Dic’aynïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dic’adïnkay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dikw’isil dic’aynïnle. ‑‑‑‑Dic’anec’inigilye. ʘ^bo

succ

oper ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’iynïlh’ën’. ʘ^bm

pf with d‑ qualifier. (1s dic’adïniclhc’il, 2s dic’adïnïlh‑, 3s dic’adïnïlh‑, 1d dic’adïndil‑, 1p dic’azdïnïlh‑, 2p dic’adïniwhlh‑, 3p dic’aaydïnïlhc’il) ‑‑‑‑Dic’adïniclhc’il. ‑‑‑‑Dic’aydïnïnt’az. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ts’akë dic’asindinïnghez.

oper ‑‑‑‑Dic’a’dïnisnï’. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑dic’a’izdïnïnï’

‑ghi-dic’a# vpf. (n,n mom

mot ‑‑‑‑Sighidic’anïnye. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hibighidic’anïnye yikinita. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Ghidic’anenïstkwiz. ʘ^vg

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Ghidic’anenist’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Sghidic’aynïn’ay. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo

oper ‑‑‑‑Sghidic’a’dïnïnï’. ʘ^vg

dic’a#n-D‑ vpf. (0,s) ‑‑‑‑Dic’anïsge. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dic’ac’ondinïzigildiw. ‑‑‑‑Dikw’isil dic’aynïlhdïl. ‑‑‑‑Dic’aynïst’ay. ʘ^vg [< dic’a# “lost, wrong” + n-D‑ (0,s) errative]

‑ghi-dic’a#n‑ vpf. (0,s mom) ‑‑‑‑Ghidic’anïzistkwiz. ʘ^vg

> dic’ah O-n‑’akh “deceive, fool O” see under ’akh¹

> dic’ah nilh’as “wild animals, insects” see under ’as

> dic’a‑’i#D‑’ah “die, do wrong” see under ’ën’³

> dic’ah dus “feral cat” see under dus

> dic’ah nilggït “wild animal, insect” see under ggït³

> dic’a#n-D‑lelh “have nightmare” see under lelh

> dic’ah lhic “wolf” see under lhic

> dic’ah wozï’ “territorial place name” see under zï¹

> dic’ah hiyï stëz “sleeping bag” see under tës

> dic’ah ts’itiy “trail to the bush” see under tiy³

> dic’a#O-n‑l-tloh “laugh at” see under tlo

> dic’ah hiney tsiy “wild game” see under tsiy²

> dic’ah niye “outdoorsman” see under ye⁵

dic’akh adv. ʘ^bm less common variant of dic’ah.

> dic’ilhtl’iw “common snipe” see under tl’iw

digï n. ʘ^vg (Vaccinium membranaceum) ‑‑‑‑Digï dut’ën. ʘ^vg

> digï dilk’in’ “lingonberry” see under k’in’

> Bik’it Digï Ts’oyïh “unnamed hill” see under yïn²

> diguh “mosquito” see under gïwh (u)

> diggec “plain” see under ggec

Dihïnï, Diyhïnï n. ‑‑‑‑dihïnï hibiyikh ʘ^ib [compare Cree Dushine, Dak Dushine, and TsK’ dishìnii, dushìnii]

dik dir. ʘ^mf ʘ^gm ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑ndik ʘ^bm ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Udik ï’alh. ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ïdik ït’ikh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dzilh udik hadït’ay. ‑‑‑‑Dik ts’ontan. ʘ^vg

‑diggin, ‑diknin n. (pl ‑diknï) ‑‑‑‑Diggin witsanege.

Diknï pn. ʘ^lm

‑ghu udiknï n. ‑‑‑‑bighu udiknï ʘ^vg

yiggidik adv. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ku’ yiggidik winïlh’ën.

‑nedik n.

‑dik p. ‑‑‑‑scinlegh widik ‑‑‑‑Yen’ bidik hayiltiyh. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ‑dik see kat¹ (under cust).

‑k’idik pp. ‑‑‑‑Lhk’idik sile. ʘ^vg

c’idik ts’iyikh n. ʘ^vg ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑C’idik ts’iyikh tawdïtnic. ʘ^sa

diggit dir. ‑‑‑‑Ndiggit yikh hoz’ay. ʘ^vg

‑diggit p. ‑‑‑‑bidiggit ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ʘ^aj ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑sdiggit ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Bidiggit sisde. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Bidiggit nïnec’ini’ayh.

diksdïts dir. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndiksdïts hanye. ‑‑‑‑Kw’isditiy diksdïts’in’a bik’iyiz’ay. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of diksdïts see diz² (under mom).

diksts’in dir. ‑‑‑‑Udiksts’in dilk’in’. ʘ^vg

diksts’iy dir. ‑‑‑‑Diksts’iy dilk’in’.

doh, dohiy dir. For example(s) for doh, dohiy see ’ën’³ (under dur).

udohiy yiw n.

‑ghu udohnï n.

‑dohin n. (pl ‑dohnï) ‑‑‑‑nyidohnï

‑doh p. For example(s) for ‑doh see ts’iwidï.

di#d‑ vpf. (mom e,e

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Didïlhteyh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑C’ilhtiy sts’ididïnkëz. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Silhtsen dile diydu’alh. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Dile diydïn’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Daaydïnle. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Coffee bizulh silï’. Lhk’u dinewdïs’ay. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Bits’idiydïwhlïh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yits’idiydïntan. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Yits’idiydïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Hibits’idic’aadïkayh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Hibits’idaayidïnkay, nit’ay yilh nïdec. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nit’ay daayditakalh. ʘ^vg (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Diwec’idïl’ah? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sunye diwedïgil’ah.

Bilh Diydï’ayh prsn. ʘ^sa ʘ^gm Tsayu chief name.

mot ‑‑‑‑Didïnyeyh. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Didïwh’as. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Didïwhdïlh. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Silhtsen didïnye. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑’Elhighin wighidadïdïlh, k’akë hidïtnï’. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Yin kak ’awit diwidilts’ic. ʘ^hn (HN/O Canada) For further examples of mot see tak’iy (under tat); ts’it² (e) (under cust).

Seziglï dinedïge n. ʘ^vg also Sïziglï dinedïge.

w-di# vpf.

bilh c’indinïtkiy’ widïn’ay, bilh dic’inïtkiy’ widïn’ay n. ʘ^lm ʘ^lm ʘ^kn also bilh dic’indinïtkiy’ widïn’ay.

w-di#d‑ vpf. (mom e,e clf-mot) ‑‑‑‑Distl’is wididïs’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Wididïwh’ayh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Sdzut wididïclhcoz. ʘ^vg

dighe# vpf. (mom e,e

mot¹ ‑‑‑‑Dighenye. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dighenelhcos. ʘ^vg For further example(s) of mot¹ see ggït³ (under cust).

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Digheyïn’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dighenes’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dinï ze’ dighec’elïh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dinïze’ dighec’itilhdïlh. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Ggïs ’awezih bibit haayilht’is. Digheeyïlïh. Hiyilhggï. (LM/DR)

dighe#d‑ vpf. (e,e mom) For examples for dighe#d‑ see cey (ciy) (under cont); net³ (under dzilh#d-net).

clf ‑‑‑‑Dighedïn’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dik dighedïnle. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Dighedïlhcoz. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Sdzut ggit ’et dighedïlhcoz. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Sggïgit dizkak hibibe lhok ha’it’ah. C’it’o udik dighedïn’ay. (LM:skak)

c’it’o dighedïn’ay n. ʘ^vg

bik’it dighec’idïnle n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bik’it dighec’idïnle ’oh honïnt’ic. ʘ^lm

bik’it c’ilhtiy dighedïnle n. ʘ^lm

pos ‑‑‑‑Dighedïnde. ʘ^vg

Nedik pn. ‑‑‑‑Nedik ïnin, Nedik bïnin (AJ/JK 86‑2:42 needek “up”)

C’etadik pn. (Gaz C’eetadek (Samooh), C’eetadek (Hagwilnegh) “ridge/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:51 c’eetadek) [cf. c’edik “in the middle”]

Hondik pn. (Gaz Hondek “Smoke Mountain”, AJ/JK 86‑2:38 Hondek “high place”)

> dik widïn’a “uphill, up the hill” see under ’a³

> dik d‑ “right side up” see under d²

> dik sde “airtight, pot-bellied stove” see under de³

> dik di#t-l‑dis “twitch, jump up and down” see under dis²

> ‑dzï dik ’i#O-lh-dzin “lift O (heart), raise spirits” see under dzin¹

> dikhdzïh “squirrel’s nest” see under dzïh²

> dik dïnkay “thimbleberry” see under ka²

> hibits’idiydïtkay “berry dance” see under ka²

> dikh ghe “black tree moss, hair-like spruce lichen” see under ghe²

> udohiy yegh ‑ghu “upper teeth” see under ghu

> ‑kw’is dik “upper back” see under kw’is²

> distl’is didïnle “wall pocket” see under le³ (ï)

> dikhlegh “bud, tip of branch” see under legh²

> Nedik Lhë’ Hanlï “4‑mile creek” see under lï²

> dik ne#d‑ “turn right side up” see under ne⁴

> ‑zek udoh “roof of mouth” see under sëk

> C’ile’ Dizdïtiyh “unnamed mountain” see under tan²

> dik ditiy “stairs, steps, ramp” see under tiy³

> udoh tl’asis “shorts, mini-skirt” see under tl’asis

> dikh yis “overhead snow” see under yis³

dik’alt’iy num. ʘ^lm

dik’alt’enï num.

winïze wi’ats dik’alt’iy num. ʘ^lm

dik’alt’et num. ʘ^vg

dik’alt’etin num. ʘ^vg

dik’alt’ewh num. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑dik’altewh dïdikh

> dik’alt’et winïze “seventy” see under winïze

> dik’an’ “woodchuck, gopher” see under k’an’

dik’az

> Dik’az Tl’ënlï “upper Parrott L.” see under lï²

dik’ay n. ʘ^ha ʘ^vg

Dik’ay Bin pn.

Dik’ay Co pn. (Gaz Dek’aay Coo “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:40 Dek’aay “trout” coo “big”)

Dik’ay Yez Kwah pn.

Dik’ay Tëzdlï pn. (Gaz Dek’aay Teezdlii “camp area”, AJ/JK 86‑2:31 Dek’aay “trout” Teezdlii “outlet”, AlM, CA JK 86: 24 dek’aay teezdlii “lower Parrot”)

Dik’ay Tëzdlï Bin pn. (Gaz Dek’aay Teezdlii Ben “Parrott Lakes”)

Taggiz Dik’ay pn. a Witsët canyon fishing site.

> Dik’ay Ts’ën’al “unnamed lake” see under ’alh

> dik’ay zï “trout species” see under zï²

> Dik’ay Yin Co “Ricardson L.” see under yin³

> dik’is “or” see under k’is²

dikh adv. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dikh hontsiy’. ʘ^vg For further examples of dikh see dïlh¹ (under O-l‑dïlh); yïs¹ (under lh-yïs). [cf. dik “up there”]

‑dikhsts’in n. ‑‑‑‑Bidikhsts’in ïngguh. ʘ^vg

‑ledikh n. variant of ‑letikh. ‑‑‑‑biledikh ʘ^mf ʘ^wj ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑c’iledikh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’iledikh nts’oon’ay? ‑‑‑‑bin ledikh ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑’ayh ledikh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑wiledikh ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑dzilh wiledikh ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑tiy wiledikh For further example(s) of ‑ledikh see t’as¹ (under dist).

c’ilhtiy biledikh n. ʘ^ha ʘ^cd

‑dzik ledikh n. ‑‑‑‑bidzik ledikh ʘ^mn

Dzilh C’iledikh Ts’anlï pn. (AJ/JK 86:46 “mountain-on trail”)

dikh co n. ʘ^gh (Dendragapus obscurus)

Dikh Co pn. (Gaz Dex Coo)

Dikh Co K’it pn. (Gaz Dex coo k’et “mountain peak”, AJ/JK 86: 36 dex coo k’et “blue grouse on it”)

dikhlhtsë n.

> bï wimïs ledikh widitk’in’ “rouge, blush” see under k’in³ (ë a)

> dikhdzïh “squirrel’s nest” see under dzïh²

> dighe# “up, hanging up” see under dik

Dikhggilin prsn. ʘ^sa Likhsilyu chief name.

dighi

dighi#t‑ vpf. (0,s mom) For example(s) for dighi#t‑ see tlis (e) (under mom).

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Dighitëlhts’it. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Awit dighitalts’ilh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dinï ze’ dighic’itilhdïlh. Ts’iyetsic deynïnle yï dighic’italhdilh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Dighic’itëlhdïl. ʘ^lm

mot ‑‑‑‑Dighiwetizuntcey’. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dinï ze’ co dighitëstcey tah kaneyetadlïlh wik’ëlhawtalhtselh. (LM) For further example(s) of mot see bes (under mom).

> dighi#n-t‑ghelh “trip and fall” see under ghelh¹

dighil n. ʘ^dm ʘ^lm (psd ‑dighitl) ‑‑‑‑Balhats dighil hiyï c’ilht’agh. (LM/DR)

> dikhlenkwil “cone (of evergreen)” see under kwil

> dikhlhtsë “suspended cache” see under dikh

> dikhnu “suspended cache” see under nu²

dikw

n-dikw v. (s,e neu) ‑‑‑‑Nïzdikw. ʘ^vg ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Binïn wenïdikw. ʘ^gh

lisuc nïzdikw n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lisuc nïzdikw c’itaaynitsic hiyilh c’iziz. (LM/DR)

lhës nïzdikw n. ʘ^vg

caus ‑‑‑‑Nïziclhdikw. ʘ^vg

dil¹

dil n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Dil silï’. ʘ^vg

dil²

dur	dil	dil	dil	dil
durneg	dil	dilh	dil	dil
sem	dilh	dilh	dilh	dilh
semneg	ditl	dilh	ditl	ditl

lh-dil v.

dur ‑‑‑‑Ndï libot hilhdil. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ïlhdil. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Ïclhdil. ‑‑‑‑Yin honïlhdil. ʘ^vg

sem ‑‑‑‑Siclhdilh. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yikh holhdilh. ʘ^vg

pass ‑‑‑‑Lhdilh. ʘ^vg

caus ‑‑‑‑Hin’et silhdilh. ʘ^vg

> dilco “whole thing, all (over)” see under co

dildze n.

dildzï n. ʘ^vg

Dilïz prsn. ʘ^vg

> dilghez “common merganser, hell-diver” see under ghez

dilkw’akh n. ʘ^sm ʘ^lm ʘ^bo no verbal base. [< d-l‑kw’akh “frog croaks” (verb no longer used)]

dilkw’akh yez n. ʘ^sm ʘ^bo

Dilkw’akh Bin pn. (Gaz Delkw’aay Ben “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:28 Delkw’aax “frog” Ben “Lake”)

dilkw’akh mï’ n. ʘ^mf (Ribes lacustre, Ribes hudsonianum)

> dilkw’akh hi’alh “French speaking person” see under ’alh

> dilkw’akh bek’iy “freshwater clam” see under ak’iy

> Dilkw’akh Co Sde “unnamed hill” see under de³

> dilkw’akh nelhdic “yellow waterlily” see under dic³

> dilkw’akh dit’ay “bat” see under dit’ay

> Dilkw’akh Lhok K’ët “unnamed lake” see under lhok

> dilkw’akh zek c’ito’ “unidentified plant” see under sëk

> dilkw’akh t’an “large-leaved avens, sweet coltsfoot” see under t’an

> diltsë ghïl “mt. ladyslipper, moccasin flower” see under khëlh

> diltso “phlegm” see under tso¹

> dilts’agh “unidentified song bird” see under ts’agh¹

dim

dur	dim	dim	dim	dim
durneg	dim	dim	dim	dim

d-l‑dim v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Sdzï dildim. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Bidzï dildim. ʘ^aj

Dimdilï prsn. ʘ^sa Likhts’amisyu chief name.

> din “this person” see under dï³

dinï¹

dinï n. (pr dinïʹ) ʘ^gh ʘ^lm (psd ‑dinï’) also ndinï.

man, male: ‑‑‑‑cas dinï ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑sis dinï ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑hida dinï ‑‑‑‑Kwa didinï’ yilh yelhdic. ʘ^gh

person: ‑‑‑‑Dinï welew. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh tah Pat nyudïlhkit dinï bilh dïtayelh wika’nïnzin?

dinï co n.

dinï yez n. ʘ^vg (CA, AlM/JK 86:8 denii yeez “2, 3 yrs old”)

lhedinï n. ʘ^vg (JG/JK 78‑2:9 ɬeedinee “male dog”)

Yinkadinï’ n. ʘ^lm ʘ^vg (CA/JK 78:5 yinkadinee’ “natives” (“earth people”)) ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ uzï’ ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’in’a ’idïnïh. ʘ^sa ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’in’a niwhdïnïh. ʘ^lm ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Yinkadinï’ k’in’a ndu hiyilhnï? ʘ^gm [< Yin kak dinï’ “world’s person”] [cf. yin kak widinï’ “human being”]

> dinï ‑’as “people go to, gather for feast” see under ’as

> dinï ni’as “feast, potlatch” see under ’as

> dinï de’as “feast, feast hall” see under ’as

> Yinkadinï’ c’ilhggic “short-tailed rat” see under c’ilhggic

> dilh dinï ghinesde “gay, homosexual man” see under de³

> Dinï K’ikh Hoz’ay “Footprints” see under k’ikh¹

> dinï dïzk’in “cremation site” see under k’in³ (ë a)

> K’udinï “Carrier people of Ft. St. James area” see under K’udinï

> dinï hilhghïl “police” see under khëlh

> dinï ‑lï “host feast” see under le³ (ï)

> dinï so’ ’ineyelïlh “doctor” see under lekh²

> dinï legh ’it’ah “home-maker” see under legh¹

> dinï ‑lï “live, inhabit” see under lï⁴

> ‑e dinï ‑lï “wear” see under lï⁴

> dinï nïn “penny” see under nïn

> dinï ze’ “male hereditary chief” see under ze’¹

> dinï zulh “ghost” see under zulh

> dinï tinesilhtiy “body washer” see under të

> dinï tiy “old man, male elder” see under tiy¹

> Kwandïts Dinï Neltsay “unnamed hill” see under tsay

dinï²

dinï n. ʘ^sm (Jenness denni “moose”, a crest of Misdzï Yikh) (DD, ElM/JK 78:22 dinee “moose” Central Carrier) ‑‑‑‑Dinï to yizïlhghï. ʘ^vg ʘ^lm

dinïh n. ʘ^ib ʘ^vg (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi) (CA/JK 73‑75:98 deneyh “mossberry”) ‑‑‑‑dinïh t’an

dinïh yez n. (Cornus canadensis) (JM, ElM/JK 78:77 diniyh yez “bunchberry”, JG/JK 78‑2:18 diniyh yez “Solomon seal”)

> Dinïh Widïlhtan “unidentified place” see under tan²

dis¹

conc	dis	dis	dis	dis
concneg	dïts	dis	dits	dïts

‑i#d-lh-dis v. (e ~ 0,s conc) e‑ conjugation used in imperfective positive only. ‑‑‑‑Widïlhdis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bidïwhlhdis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Biwedïzigildïts. ‑‑‑‑Ska’ bï bidïzigildis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Biwedïgildis. ʘ^lm

dis² shake

dur	dis	dis	dis	dis
durneg	dits	dis	dits	dits

di#d-l‑dis v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Didildis. ʘ^lm (JG/JK 78: 43 didildis “it’s shaking”) ‑‑‑‑Skak didildis. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Siy didigildis. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Dididildis. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Neditnï dididildis. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Dizdildis. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Niwhnï didiwhlhdis. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Didïldis.

dik di#t-l‑dis v. ‑‑‑‑Dicagh dik ditildis. ʘ^wj

diz¹

diz n. ʘ^aj ʘ^gh ʘ^ag (d) ‑‑‑‑Diz ’et dïztan. ʘ^lm

Diz Winï pn. (Gaz Dez Wenii “Lamprey Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:36 dez “driftwood” wenii “for”)

> diz tidi’ëlh “floating log” see under ’ëlh²

> Diz Dlegh “Mosquito Flat” see under legh²

diz² rush

cont	diz	diz	diz	diz
contneg	diz	dis	diz	diz
mom	dïs	diz	dis	dïs
momneg	dïts	dis	dits	dïts
prog	dis
progneg	dits
cust	dis
custneg	dits

d-l‑diz v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Dïldis. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑K’a dïldis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ka dïldis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yik dïldis. ʘ^lm

’adic dïldis n. ʘ^cd ʘ^lm

cont ‑‑‑‑Nidïzigildiz. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Nidïlhdiz. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Nidildis.

mom ‑‑‑‑Dedïldiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tedïldiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nedïldiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hibic’a hodïgildiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yik hodïldiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Diksdïts hadïldiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nedïldiz. ‑‑‑‑C’ist’ët ’et nedïgildiz. ʘ^mf For further example(s) of mom see ne¹ (under mot).

cust ‑‑‑‑Tedildis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ggï lelot ’oh hondinildis dïts’agh. ʘ^sa n‑ round (wheels).

pers ‑‑‑‑Bidïzigildis. ʘ^lm

d-n‑l-diz v. d-n ‑‑> nd-n.

prog¹ ‑‑‑‑Ka ndinïldis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwandïts ndinïldiz. ʘ^bn For further example(s) of prog¹ see ’agh² (under mom).

cont ‑‑‑‑Bï nic’ilggeyh ’agh yï nindinildiz. ʘ^sa

mom ‑‑‑‑Honendinïldiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Agh nendinïldiz. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bï nic’ilggeyh ’oh hondinïldiz so’ wedïsts’ik. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Agh nenditagildis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Gwi c’ide’ nyilh t’ac’onïzts’iy nde’ hondinïldiz. ʘ^sa

d-diz v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nididiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Et nididiz. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑’Et naadidiz. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of d-diz see k’ët⁴ (under k’ët).

diz³

‑diz v. ‑‑‑‑Niwhdzï bits’ayïndiz. ʘ^lm (HN/O Canada)

‑ts’a-sa#diz v. ‑‑‑‑Bits’asandiz. ʘ^mf It’s shining from the sun.

diz⁴ twist

dur	diz/dis	diz	diz/dis	diz/dis
durneg	diz	dis	diz	diz
sem	diz/dis	diz/dis	diz	diz
semneg	diz	dis	diz	diz
mom	dïs	diz	dis	dïs
momneg	dïts	dis	dits	dïts
cust	dis
custneg	dits
dist	diz

O‑(n‑)diz v.

sem ‑‑‑‑Yizdis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yinïzdis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Weyïdis. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Dek’a nisdis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yinïsdidis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ditsëghe’ yinïzdis. Dinghen yik’iynïlh’ay. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

pass ‑‑‑‑Nïsdidis. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yikh hosdidis. ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑Hibikë nïsdidis. ʘ^lm

sdidiz n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sdidiz sisc’is. ʘ^lm

Yikh Winïsdiz n. ʘ^mf archaic passive?

dur ‑‑‑‑Yidiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dek’a nidis. ‑‑‑‑Yïndiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yinïndiz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoynïndiz. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Yitëzdiz. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of mom see ghi (under succ).

O-lh-diz v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Yidïlhdiz. ʘ^lm

Holïts C’ilhdiz pn. ʘ^ha ʘ^ha ʘ^ha (Gaz Holiits Tse’eɬdzez “mountain peak”, AJ/JK 86:46 holiits “skunk” ts’elhdzez “someone makes him drink”)

pass

bï tsë dildiz n. ʘ^lm

cust

bï c’idildis n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Yighic’idïnïlhdiz. ʘ^lm

dist ‑‑‑‑Yighinc’idilhdiz. ʘ^lm

cust ‑‑‑‑Yighic’idilhdis.

cinesdis n. ʘ^lm (Lathrys nevadensis, Lathrys venosus?) (JG/JK 78‑2:18 cinesdis “wildpea” “twisted”)

cinesdis co n. (Lathyrus ochroleucus) (JM/JK 78:60 cinesdis co “meadow vine”)

> dize “by oneself, only with oneself” see under ze

distl’is, distl’its n. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ʘ^gh (psd ‑distl’its) (JG/JK 78:27 distl’is “1 dollar”) ‑‑‑‑kwile’ distl’is, kwile’ distl’its ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑winïze distl’is ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑net winïze distl’its ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑kwilet winïze distl’is ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Distl’is yï c’it’it. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of distl’is, distl’its see ggiz¹ (ï) (under ‑k’ë#O-ggiz). [cf. O-d‑tl’is “paint O”]

dek’a distl’its n. ʘ^lm

distl’is beyikh n. ʘ^lm

> distl’is bïsile hodïn’a “mailbox (on stand)” see under ’a³

> bï distl’is yïwdïl’ën “marking pen, marker” see under ’ën¹

> distl’is bï winec’idekh “paper towel” see under dekh²

> (distl’is) bik’iyedic “book” see under dic²

> distl’is bik’iyedic beyikh “library” see under dic²

> distl’its weyuzggiz “wallpaper” see under ggiz¹ (ï)

> distl’is bï c’ik’ëc’itggïs “writing paper” see under ggiz¹ (ï)

> distl’its k’it wik’oostggiz “newspaper” see under ggiz¹ (ï)

> distl’is tilhgguh “mail truck” see under gguh² (ïwh)

> distl’is bïyikat “envelope” see under kat¹

> distl’is bï nikat “envelope” see under kat¹

> distl’is bïkat “paper recycling bin” see under kat¹

> distl’is bï wilekat “envelope, postage stamp” see under kat¹

> distl’is ukëtin “fur-buyer” see under kët

> distl’is bik’its hayilhdilkët “invoice” see under kit¹ (e)

> distl’is nighï “mail carrier” see under ghï⁴

> distl’is bï sile “paper organizer” see under le³ (ï)

> distl’is ts’ëleyh beyikh “post office” see under le³ (ï)

> nankiy distl’is “two dollar bill” see under nankiy

> distl’is sunye “paper money, bills” see under sunye

> bï distl’is uditan “paper clip” see under tan¹

> distl’is ditay “brown paper” see under tay¹

> distl’is diltilh “(one) firecracker” see under til (a)

> distl’is udiltalh “fireworks” see under til (a)

> distl’is diltitl “firecracker, fireworks” see under titl

> distl’is dits’in “cardboard” see under ts’in²

> distl’is dits’iyh “sandpaper” see under ts’iyh²

ditnï n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^sm

> Ditnï Bit “unnamed mountain” see under bit

> Ditnï Dzil “Tableland Mt.” see under dzilh

dit’ay n. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dic’ah nï’aat’ën’ dit’ay ghïz hiyi’alh. (LM/DR)

dilkw’akh dit’ay n. ʘ^lm

dits

‑dits v. ‑‑‑‑Gen sendits.

> ditsic “everything, all” see under tsic¹

> ditsis “whip; reinforcement around top edge of basket” see under tsis¹ (a)

diw¹ count

conc	diw	diw	diw	diw
concneg	diw	doh	diw	diw
cust	doh

O-u‑lh-diw v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Lhok uclhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Uziclhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Unïziclhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoonïclhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neuldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dï ’ey hida dï. Kwandoh ’aalco. Hida dï ’ey hida nts’ëwh biyis k’it ’ey hiyï holhdiw. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

pass ‑‑‑‑Bilh c’oldiw. ‑‑‑‑Khilh k’it neuldiw.

sa bï uldiw n. ʘ^lm also bï sa uldiw. ‑‑‑‑Sa bï uldiw bighewh dzïn ts’olhdiw. Lhk’iy yis k’it ’et hiyï holhdiw. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

bï c’oldiw n. ʘ^lm

khilh bï uldiw n. ʘ^sa can be shortened to khilh. ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ khilh bï uldiw welew.

cust For example(s) for cust see nis.

diw²

conc	diw	diw	diw	diw
concneg	diw	doh	diw	diw

l-diw v. (conc)

impf (1s higildiw‑, 2s ïl‑, 3s hil‑) ‑‑‑‑Higildiw. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ïldiw. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hildiw. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hidildiw. ʘ^mf

pf (1s sigildiw, 2s sel‑, 3s lh‑, 1d sdil‑, 1p ts’ilh‑, 2p siwhlh‑, 3p hiwhlh‑) ‑‑‑‑Sigildiw. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Lhdiw. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^lm ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Skë lhdiw. ‑‑‑‑Stl’it holhdiw. ‑‑‑‑Hilhdiw. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Sdildiw. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Ts’ilhdiw. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Seldiw. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Siwhlhdiw. ʘ^hm

diw³ expand

neu	diw	diw	diw	diw
neuneg	diw	doh	diw	diw
cont	diw	diw	diw	diw
contneg	diw	doh	diw	diw
dur	doh	doh	doh	doh
durneg	dikw	doh	dikw	dikw
mom	doh	diw/doh	doh	doh
momneg	dikw	doh	dikw	dikw

di#n-l‑diw v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Kwa dinenïldoh. ʘ^lm

bï to dinildoh n. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Diynilhdoh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Daaynilhdoh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Libuday daaynilhdoh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Sdoh k’it to hiyï dinilhdoh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

n-l‑diw v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Denildoh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Denïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhës denïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hanildoh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Handinïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hasilnildoh. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf

caus ‑‑‑‑Handiniclhdoh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Handinïclhdoh. ʘ^mf

n-t‑l-diw v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Ntildoh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ntëlhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ wenteldoh. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑’Ey hiyï ’u’ic wih ’ëlh’ën’ tl’a hiyï lhës wih hiyintilhdoh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

lhës bï ntildoh n. ʘ^lm

bï c’intildoh n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bï c’intildoh ’ey k’ay nïdo hozlï’ bï ’its’endzin. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bï c’intildoh hiyï khë bïst’ë ’ilh’iyh. (LM/DR)

di#d-n‑l-diw v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Dindinïldiw. (BCCW nidineeldogh “to bubble up (froth)”)

n-l‑diw v.

neu ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic ’et nïlhdiw. ʘ^lm

nelhdic bï c’inïlhdiw n. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Tinestggiz bik’it ts’iztiy k’inïziclhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nïnts’iy yis lhk’ënïlhdiw. ‑‑‑‑Tsac’inïzïldiw ïnts’iy nyilh yeztalhdic. ʘ^sa

mom¹ ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic nenïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic dic’anïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hanïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic bïac’inïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Yentildoh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Lhëz yentildoh. ʘ^lm For further examples of mom¹ see zil¹ (under sil); wis² (under hiwis).

O-n‑lh-diw v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Nelhdic niynïlhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Cis niynilhdiw. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

mom² ‑‑‑‑’Ats hoynïlhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wik’ic’aanïlhdiw. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm For further examples of mom² see dï⁶ (under clf-mot); sel.

lhit#n-l‑doh v. (mom) ‑‑‑‑Halhitnildoh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Halhitnïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Percy biyikh hanelhitnïldiw. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Haolhitnïldiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Biyalhitnïldiw. ʘ^sa For further example(s) of lhit#n-l‑doh see ts’a (under ‑ts’a#).

‑za#O-n‑l-diw v. ‑‑‑‑Hozk’its tah sil hibizaynildoh. ʘ^lm

diwew exp. ʘ^lm bad luck hunting omen uttered by gguzïh (grey jay). (AJ)

diyik n. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑diyik wozï’ ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Diyik ts’itëzisye. ʘ^lm [cf. yik “down there”]

diyik adv. ‑‑‑‑Diyik lhok ’inïtiyh winï. ʘ^lm

> diyin “traditional medicine” see under yin⁵

diyiw, diyoh

’isbe diyiw, ’isbe diyoh n. ʘ^lm

diyïn’ n. ʘ^lm (Dryopteris expansa) (CA/JK 78:13 diyee’n “hemlock root” “eaten” “roast”; MnA/JK 78:72 diyee’n “fern root” “big root (in mts)” “roasted”)

Diyïn’ K’iyis pn. (Gaz Deyii’n K’eyes (Smogelgem), Deyii’n K’eyes (Wos) “mountain peak/boundary”, AJ/JK 86‑2:12 deyiin’ k’eyes “plant-evergreen on ridge”)

dï¹

d-dï v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Dïndï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Snic c’idïndï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Snic wec’idïdïh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nyinic wec’idïdïh? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Gas biyawdïndï. (CA, MA/JK 89‑2:3 beyaw dindi “an odor” “all around (emanating)”)

d-dï v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Bïtsnï hiydizoh tl’a hiyilïz. Tabï nidïzdï. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

dï²

ha-sa#d-dï v. ‑‑‑‑Hasadïndï. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑K’ay dzïn honzu. Hasadïndi. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dzïn honzu tah hasadïndï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hasaondinïndï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hawesadïdïh. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf

> hasadïndï wic’a nek’ëts’ilhye “sunglasses” see under k’ët¹

dï³

dï det. ʘ^lm dï and related forms optionally prefixed with n. ‑‑‑‑ndï ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑ndï libot For further examples of dï see ’a³ (under bigheoz’a); dic² (under ‑k’i-ye#lh-dic).

din, ndin det. ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ʘ^aj (pl ndinï) (pr ndiʹnï) ʘ^gh ʘ^mf ʘ^lm For example(s) for din, ndin see dzin¹ (under ha‑’i#dzin).

kwandinï n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwandinï ggit deelwis. ʘ^lm

doh adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑dohiy yiw ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑ndohiy yiw ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑doh widïzilh ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑k’ay ’awit doh ‑‑‑‑Doh nisiye. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑doh wit’en ‑‑‑‑Dohiy wewilew. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Ndohiy hoz’ay. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Gen, dohiy ’et ndu hiwitnï? ʘ^lm

kwandoh adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Kwandoh niye. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwandoh hondïz’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Kwandoh de’nï hiley. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dï ’ey kwandoh tah ut’ën. Hiditsëghe’ hiyï ’aayïlhdzin. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhës diggec kwandoh hiyilh ’ic’ilh’iyh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) For further examples of kwandoh see liglï; nïh² (under w-n‑lh-nïh); ye⁵ (under cont).

dïsts’iy adv.

dïts, ndïts adv. ʘ^bm ʘ^dr ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïts winïlh’ën. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dïts ïnyelh. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dïts tenyeyh. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dïts nendelh. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dïts dïn’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ggin ïzlhiy ndïts ïlhdluh. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of dïts, ndïts see u³ (under mot).

ndïts! exp. ʘ^sa said when chief enters hall. ‑‑‑‑Dinï bïts “ndïïïts” hitnï. ʘ^sa

kwandïts adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Kwandïts ïlggïh. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwandïts hoditalh. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of kwandïts see lhëkh.

dïsts’in adv. ‑‑‑‑dïsts’in, yen’ k’it ts’eyik, Wiyistan k’it ʘ^sa

> dïts’in’a “thus, this way” see under ’a³

> ‑sdïts “from (direction)” see under sdïts

dï⁴

‑dï n. ‑‑‑‑c’idï ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑bidï ʘ^sm ʘ^ag ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bidï winï. ʘ^sm

> C’idï To Stan “Hidden L.” see under tan²

dï⁵

n-dï v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Nïndï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wenïdïh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ggïs tabï nïndï. ’Ey wih be’ wibe c’izu’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

dï⁶

dï# vpf. (s,e neu

clf ‑‑‑‑Dïsi’ay. ‑‑‑‑’Usa dïsile.

pos ‑‑‑‑Sighidïsde.

dï# vpf. (0,e mom) [cf. ‑ï “into (enclosure)”]

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Dïyïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑Dïnec’inïclhdiw. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dus deebïclhtiy.

mot ‑‑‑‑Dïltlat. ‑‑‑‑Dïlggec. ‑‑‑‑Dïnye. ‑‑‑‑Sighidïnye. ‑‑‑‑Dïnyeyh. ‑‑‑‑Dïdiltlikh. ‑‑‑‑Dïlggïh. ʘ^vg For further example(s) of mot see dinï¹ (under person).

dï-ha# vpf. (0,e mom

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Dïayïn’ay.

mot⁴ ‑‑‑‑Dïanye. ‑‑‑‑Dïaltlikh. ‑‑‑‑Kwa dïanege.

ext ‑‑‑‑Dïanlï. ʘ^mf

> dï#O-d‑’a/le “record sg./pl. O” see under ’a²

> hinic dïdilïh “recorder, recording device” see under ’a²

> hinic dïdikat “recorder, recording device” see under kat¹

> d-l‑tin “be cold, frozen” see under tin (e)

dï’

‑k’ë#w-lh-dï’ v. ‑‑‑‑Yik’ëwilhdï’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bik’ëwiclhdï’. ʘ^lm

> dïc’ilh “bolt of fabric, cloth” see under c’il¹ (o)

> dïdikh “kind, clan, nationality” see under dekh³

dïlh¹ pl go

cont	dïlh	dïl	dïlh	dïlh
contneg	dïtl	dilh	dïtl	dïtl
dur	dïlh	dïl	dïlh	dïlh
durneg	dïtl	dilh	dïtl	dïtl
mom	dïlh	dïl	dilh	dïlh
momneg	dïtl	dilh	ditl	dïtl
cust	dilh
custneg	ditl
prog	dilh
progneg	ditl

‑dïlh v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Hëdilh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nebedïdilh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ggïs tsëh ïdilh. Talok ggïs yik’ëts ïlwis. ʘ^lm

Khikh Ïdilh pn. (GH/SH; Gaz Xex Heedeɬ “swamp/geese resting area”, Xex heduɬ “home site”; AJ/JK 86‑2:24 xex “geese” eedeɬ “pass”)

kwin yïdilh n. ʘ^mn

Needilh pn. (Gaz Nee’deɬ (Smogelgem), Nee’deɬ (Namox) “mountain peak/boundary”; AJ/JK 86‑2:25 Nee’deɬ “coming down” “area where biinii”)

Nu’ Needilh pn.

caus ‑‑‑‑Skak hibïclhdilh. ʘ^lm

cont ‑‑‑‑Naazdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nits’izdïl. ʘ^hn

cust¹ ‑‑‑‑’Et naadilh. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Deniwhdïlh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’ witsawhdïl. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’ neniwhëst’ën’ witsawhdïl. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Hitadilh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neetësdïl. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Silh hitëzdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Haazdïl. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Ggïs tëzdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hibits’izdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑T’aco hitëzdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Haatadilh. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Neztodïlh. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Silh hoc’endïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Widits’ëndïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hats’izdïl. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Begh ts’ozdïl. ʘ^ag For further example(s) of mom see lhk’u.

cust² ‑‑‑‑Lhok hitidilh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë tiy hots’idilh?

Binin Lhok Hidilh n. ʘ^sa

Binin Dzilh K’it Hitidilh n. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Binin Dzilh K’it Ts’itidilh ʘ^lm (Jenness bininzilk’ats tsetattil “time top-of-mountain hunting people go out”, “July-Aug”)

Ts’enco Tanedilh pn. ʘ^sa (AJ/JK 86:45 ts’een coo taaneedeɬ “where swans land” “Toboggan Lake”, AlM/JK 86:33 ts’encoo taneedeɬ “Tobaggon”)

tsë#l-dïlh v.

mom ‑‑‑‑Honetseeldïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Honetsëts’ëldïl. ʘ^lm

O-lh-dïlh v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Libot nisiclhdïl. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Tl’olh nin yitëlhdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Liglï ghidic’anigildïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dikëggunï’ nin yitëlhdïl. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Yits’ic’itëlhdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Lhts’ic’aatildïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tec’inïlhdïl. ʘ^lm

bits’ic’iztilhdïlh n. ʘ^lm

nin ts’itilhdïlh n. ʘ^lm

Tats’ëlhdïl pn. (AJ/JK 86‑2:48 Tats’eeɬdiil “we throw it in water”)

pass

Bï Holdïl pn. (Gaz Biiholdiil “small lakes”, AJ/JK 86‑2:13,19 Bii holdiil “’throw something’, series of four small lakes”)

Bï Holdïl Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz Biiholdiil Ts’anlii “Thautil River”)

cust³ ‑‑‑‑Nin yitilhdilh. ʘ^lm

‑lhec’inilhdilh n. ‑‑‑‑bilhec’inilhdilh ʘ^sm ʘ^mf ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Bilhec’inilhdilh ’ey wih hots’in’a c’icalhdzis k’in’a nï’il’ën’. Newh hiydit’is ’et k’idze tineyiggis tl’a hiyilïz. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

khëlh#O-lh-dïlh v. In some examples, khëlh fulfills object requirement.

prog ‑‑‑‑Khëlh hëlhdilh.

cont ‑‑‑‑Sghïl nikhëlhhiclhdïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑nikhëlhyilhdïlh ‑‑‑‑Hiyï nibaaka, nibaaghï. Tiy nikhëlhc’aalhdïlh hiyï skak nighï. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

nikhëlhc’ilhdïlhnï n. ʘ^lm

ïzlhiy nikhëlhc’aalhdïlh n.

pass

bï nikhëlhc’ildïlh n. ʘ^lm

mom

cust⁴ For example(s) for cust⁴ see le³ (ï) (under prog).

Khëlhlhëëldilh pn.

pass

bï khëlhtildilh n. ʘ^lm

ha#n-l‑dïlh v. (0,e) ‑‑‑‑Haanildïlh. ʘ^mf

O-l‑dïlh v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Lisuc yildïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nit’ay nildïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’inildïlh. ‑‑‑‑C’iznildïlh. (CA, AlM/JK 86:15 c’ezneldiiɬ “we eat berries off bush”) ‑‑‑‑C’itsit dikh c’ildïlh. ‑‑‑‑Mï’ nïldïl. ʘ^lm

lïggoc hildïlh n. ʘ^lm

lhëz hildïlh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^hm

tsin hildïlh n. ʘ^mf

‑ta#c’‑(d‑)‑dïlh v. (0,e) ‑‑‑‑Bitac’ëndïl. ‑‑‑‑Hibitac’idïndïl. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Hibitac’ëndïl. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Hibitac’eendïl. ʘ^sa

d-n‑l-dïlh v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nits’indinïlhdïl. ʘ^mf

> lhk’ët c’ëneedïlh “changing room” see under ye⁵

dïlh²

dïlh n. ʘ^lm (Grus canadensis)

dïlh³

dur	dïlh	dïl	dïlh	dïlh
durneg	dïtl	dilh	dïtl	dïtl

d-D‑dïl v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Dïsdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndinïdïl. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Diyik we ’agh ndinïdïl. ‑‑‑‑C’olilh nïnts’iy bï c’indinïdïlh.

d-dïlh v. (e,e dur) ‑‑‑‑Digï ’elhits bï c’idïdïlh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑K’ay nedï hiyï hiydïlhdïlh. C’ide’ Beamont wenin tsë dilk’in’ nitgit lïnlï bï c’idïdïlh. K’ay telh hiyï hiydïlhdïlh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

bï c’idïdïlh n. ʘ^lm

caus ‑‑‑‑Nit’ay bï yidïlhdïlh. ‑‑‑‑Nedïwhlhdïlh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ditsëghe’ yidïlhdïl. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Neydïlhdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neoyindinïlhdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neyditalhdïlh. ʘ^lm

dïlbïlh n. ʘ^lm (RM)

> Dïlhdzu “Tiljoe” see under zu’

Dïle prsn. ʘ^ha Likhsilyu chief name.

> dïlt’oz “peeled log” see under t’os

Dïltsiyh prsn. ʘ^ha Likhsilyu chief name.

Dïmos n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïmos liglïz tënezdidlï. ʘ^wj For further example(s) of dïmos see ts’in¹ (under wits’in). [from Fr dimanche]

Dïmos dzïn n. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïmos dzïn tënewdidlï. Dinï nec’ilyïs. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

Dïmos yez n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïmos yez ’iwets’ist’ën’. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

Dïmos co n. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm

dïmos n. ‑‑‑‑wilhnet dïmos ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Net dïmos ’iztat’elh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Lhk’iy dïmos ’et ’awit lha’izditanïlh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

> Dïmos k’ëts “Monday” see under k’ëts²

dïnc’ey, dïnc’iy num. ʘ^aj ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïnc’iy tak’iy biynïlts’ilh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑winïze wi’ats dïnc’ey ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑net winïze wi’ats dïnc’iy ʘ^lm

dïnï num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïnï henlï. ʘ^lm

dït num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dït dzïn hon’a’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑bilhdït, wilhdït For further example(s) of dït see yis³ (under yis k’it).

Wilhdït dzïn n. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ʘ^lm

dïtin num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑bilhdïtin dzilh

dïwh num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑dïwh dïdikh ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dïwh dïdikh ’enï hidïlhts’iy. ʘ^lm

k’idïnc’iy num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑winïze wi’ats k’idïnc’iy ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑net winïze wi’ats k’idïnc’iy ʘ^lm

k’idïnï num. ʘ^lm

k’idït num. ʘ^lm

k’idïtin num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑k’idïtin yikh ‑‑‑‑k’idïtin dzilh

k’idïwh num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑k’idïwh dïdikh ʘ^lm

> dït winïze “forty” see under winïze

> k’idït winïze “eighty” see under winïze

> dïnc’il “piece of material” see under c’il¹ (o)

dïndze n. ʘ^ib (Vaccinium ovalifolium) (AlM/JK 86:30 diindzee) [cf. dildzen “it’s blue”]

> dïndzin “for example” see under dzin¹

> dïnï “four people” see under dïnc’ey

> dïnghe “Northern or trailing black currant” see under ghe²

dïs¹

‑dïs n. ‑‑‑‑bidïs ʘ^mn ʘ^mf For further example(s) of ‑dïs see ggiz¹ (ï) (under cust).

dïs² sand

dïs k’it n. ʘ^gh ʘ^ag

Dïs Kak Bin pn.

Dïs Kak T’o Winï pn.

dïstggis n. ʘ^mf (CA, MA/JK 78:82 deestggis; AJ/JK 89:9 distgges)

> dïsts’in “this side” see under dï³

> dïsts’iy “over here, on this side” see under dï³

> dït “four times” see under dïnc’ey

> dït winïze “forty” see under winïze

> dïtnic “thunder” see under nic³

dïtl

‑dïtl n. (Jenness stitl “my younger sister (man or woman speaking), my brother’s daughter, my wife’s brother’s daughter (man speaking)”; stiˑl “my husband’s brother’s daughter (woman speaking)”) ‑‑‑‑sdïtl ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑bidïtl ʘ^sa

> dïts “here, this way” see under dï³

> dïts’in’a “thus, this way” see under ’a³

dïwh various

lhëndïwh adv. ʘ^mf ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Dik’ay ’ey wih lhëndïwh tah hiyuzï holh’iy. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhic lhëndïwh hot’ën hibïs’ën’. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Kw’isdide lhëndïwh ut’ën hist’iy.

kwandïwh adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Kwandïwh ïsyelh. ‑‑‑‑Tse’alh kwandïwh tah ’ilco, lhghulïts ’idïlts’in. ʘ^lm

> dïwh “four ways” see under dïnc’ey

> doh “up above (in general direction), upper” see under dik

> doh “around this time, around here” see under dï³

> doondzin “for example” see under dzin¹

doso n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^lm ʘ^aj ʘ^ag ‑‑‑‑Doso ’et si’ay. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’otsëkh tah doso bï c’ighenets’idilh. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) [from Fr torchon “(dish) towel, denim, heavy material”]

> doso kë “runners, athletic shoes” see under kë⁵

> doso tl’asis “blue jeans” see under tl’asis

du’ adv. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nyin du’ bika’nïnzin? ʘ^lm

Du’bis prsn. ʘ^sa Likhsilyu chief name.

> Dudïn’ay “unnamed hill” see under ’a²

duh

tsë dilhduh n.

Dunen prsn. ʘ^mf Gidimt’en chief name.

dus n. ʘ^gm ʘ^bm ʘ^sm (psd ‑dus) ‑‑‑‑Dus hit’iy. ʘ^lm [compare CJ puss-puss]

dus co n. ʘ^sm

dic’ah dus n. ʘ^lm

duz curly

conc	duz	duz	duz	duz
concneg	duz	duz	duz	duz

O‑(n‑)lh-duz v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Ditsëghe’ yilhduz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’isiclhduz. ‑‑‑‑C’inïziclhduz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neoc’inïlhduz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Neoc’inïlduz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nec’inïlhduz.

pass ‑‑‑‑Nec’inilduz. ʘ^sa ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’inïzigilduz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑ku’ nïlhduz ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑tsëghe c’inïlhduz ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nec’intagilduz. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Nec’intalduz. ʘ^sa

dut

neu	dut
compar	dut

‑dut v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Ndut. ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Sdimon binghen hinïzdut. ʘ^lm (KA) [< ‑det “be narrow” + ‑u‑ (smaller size)]

compar ‑‑‑‑Deldut? ʘ^lm

dutl, dulh

‑dutl, ‑dulh n. ‑‑‑‑bidutl ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Bidutl winï. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑c’idulh ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Sdimon bidulh winï. ʘ^lm (LM/DR)

c’-lh-dutl/dulh, c’-D‑dutl/dulh v. ‑‑‑‑Biyin c’ilhdutl. ‑‑‑‑Biyin c’ilhdulh. ‑‑‑‑Biyin c’isdutl. ‑‑‑‑Biyin c’isdulh. ʘ^lm ʘ^gw

duts

‑neduts n. ‑‑‑‑bineduts ʘ^sa ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Bineduts welew. ʘ^lm

Neduts Bin pn. (Gaz Needuuts Ben “marshy area”)

Neduts Kwah pn. (Gaz Needuuts Kwe “creek”, AJ/JK 86‑2:26 needuuts “eyebrow” kwe “ck”)

> bï wineduts widitk’in “eyebrow pencil” see under k’in³ (ë a)

duwa wh. variant of nduwa. ‑‑‑‑Duwa wika ’itnï? ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑“Duwa sc’a ïntsagh?” bidïnïh. ʘ^bn For further examples of duwa see k’oz (under ‑ilh w-d‑k’oz); nï⁴ (under (‑ts’i)de’#d-nï).

DL

dlekh

> D-lekh “pl. die (off)” see under lekh³

dlet

> O-D‑let “lick O” see under let²

dlin

w-d‑dlin v. ‑‑‑‑Wididlin. ʘ^aj ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Dzilh k’it wididlin. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of w-d‑dlin see bes (under mom).

dliz n. (CA, MA/JK 89‑2:20 dlez “algae”) ‑‑‑‑dliz tsë nesdlï’ (AG/SH)

tëkh dliz n. ʘ^ib

dlit holler

dur	dlit	dlit	dlit	dlit
durneg	dlit	dlilh	dlit	dlit

d-l‑dlit v. (ono

dur ‑‑‑‑Dildlit. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ʘ^ag ‑‑‑‑Dïldlit. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hondinïldlit. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ditëlhdlit.

sem ‑‑‑‑Dïzigildlit.

mom ‑‑‑‑Dedïldlit.

> dlit#d-l‑ye “sg. walk while hollering in anger” see under ye⁵

dlits

dur

dlits

.

d-l‑dlits v. (dur) (PN/SH) ‑‑‑‑Dildlits.

dlï¹ cold

neu	dlï
neuneg	dlïh

dlï n. ‑‑‑‑Dlï hozlï’.

D-dlï v. This verb lacks pf and fut forms. ‑‑‑‑Sdlï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Sendlï lic? ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Mi’, sisdlï. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Hoo’, wesdlïh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ts’isdlï. ʘ^aj ‑‑‑‑Nesdlï. ‑‑‑‑Wedlïh. ‑‑‑‑Stso’ ’isilhnï, “so’ c’ësendeh. Undlï’ gin.”

dlï²

> O-d‑D-lï “sing O, play O (music)” see under lï³

Dlïh

Dlïh Mbin pn. (Gaz Dliiyh hem ben “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:26 dliiyh hemben “lake where they set a net”)

Dlïh Mbin Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz Dliiyh Hemben Ts’anlii “Klo Creek”, AJ/JK 86‑2:26 dliiyh hemben ts’anlii)

dlïs

> ‑k’ë-ne#w-lh-lïs “cover over with dirt” see under lhëz

dluc lead, tow

cont	dluc	dluc	dluc	dluc
contneg	dluc	dluh	dluc	dluc
mom	dlïwh	dluc	dluh	dlïwh
momneg	dlïkw	dluh	dluh	dlïkw
prog	dluh
progneg	dluc

‑dluc n. ‑‑‑‑bidluc ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Bidluc welew. ‑‑‑‑’Usa bidluc winï. (LM/DR)

bï c’izdle bidluc winï n.

O-lh-dluc v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Dïts ïlhdluh. ‑‑‑‑Weyïlhdluh. ‑‑‑‑Nec’elhdluh.

cont ‑‑‑‑Niyilhdluc. ‑‑‑‑Nisiclhdluc.

pass

nildluc n. ‑‑‑‑Ts’aku nildluc hiyï c’izdle. (LM/DR)

kwin nildluc n. (JG/JK 78:36 kwinildlikw “lantern”)

mom ‑‑‑‑Denïlhdlïwh. ‑‑‑‑Dec’inïlhdluc. ‑‑‑‑Nïnïlhdlïwh. ‑‑‑‑Deynïlhdluc. ‑‑‑‑Teniclhdluc.

ledluc n. ʘ^ll (JG/JK 78:31 ledlikw “purse”) ‑‑‑‑Skak ledluc ïnt’iy. ʘ^ll

> nildluc dïzk’in “lantern” see under k’in³ (ë a)

dlunco n. ʘ^sm ʘ^mf

DZ

dzagh

> lh-dzagh “non-flowing liquid (uncontained or in large container) is in position” see under zagh

dze¹

‑dzelok n. ‑‑‑‑bidzelok ʘ^mf ʘ^mn

‑dzesco n. ‑‑‑‑bidzesco ʘ^mf ʘ^mn

> ‑dze cakh “area behind knee, popliteal space” see under cakh

> dzelciz “sock garter” see under ciz¹

> ‑dzesk’a “shin, tibia” see under k’a¹

dze² [cf. dzen “blue”]

Talhdze Wico Bin pn. (Gaz Taɬdzee Wecoo Ben “Burnie Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:36 Taɬdzee “blue” wecoo “big” ben, AJ/JK 86:37 taɬdzee wecoo ben “big blue water lake”) [cf. tak’iy “3”]

Talhdze Wico Ts’anlï pn. (AJ/JK 86:37 taɬdzee weyeez ts’anlii “Burnie River”)

Talhdze Wiyez Bin pn. (Gaz Taɬdzee Weyeez Ben “Lower Burnie Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:36 Taɬdzee “blue” weyeez “small” ben “lake”, AJ/JK 86:37 taɬdzee weyeez ben, Jenness taltsewiyez)

Talhdze Wiyez Tëzdlï pn. (Gaz Taɬdzee Weyeez Teezdlii “camp site”)

Talhdze Wiyez Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz Taɬdzee Weyeez Ts’anlii, Taɬdzee Weyez Ts’anlii “Burnie River”, Taɬdzee Weyez Ts’anlii, AJ/JK 86:21 Taaɬdzee Weyeez ts’anlii “blue colored”)

dze’¹ far

neu	dze’
neuneg	dze’

n-lh-dze’ v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Wenïlhdze’.

nïlhdze’ adv. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑nïlhdze’ wit’iyin ‑‑‑‑Nïlhdze’ nisisye. ‑‑‑‑Nïlhdze’ tëlhtlikh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Tabï nïlhdze’ c’aatëzghï. ‑‑‑‑Nïlhdze’ ts’iwit’iy. ʘ^hn (HN/O Canada) ‑‑‑‑Nïlhdze’ takilh. ‑‑‑‑Wenïlhdze’. For further example(s) of nïlhdze’ see zit¹ (ï) (under prog).

n-lh-dzewh v. ‑‑‑‑Nïlhdzewh nikëdizit.

d-lh-dze’ v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Nedïlhdze’. ‑‑‑‑Newedïlhdze’. ‑‑‑‑Dzïn dïlhdze’. ’Agh c’oh ’iwht’iw. ʘ^bo

ha#d-lh-dze’ v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑nit’ay ts’ac bïadïlhdze’ (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’ikwah hadïlhdze’. ‑‑‑‑Hawedïlhdze’.

C’ikwah Hadïlhdze’ pn. (Gaz C’ekwe Hadiɬdze’ “creek”, AJ/JK 86:43 c’ekwe “ck” hadiɬdze’ “deep”)

dze’², dzekh

dur	dzekh	dze’/dzegh	dzekh	dzekh
durneg	dzek	dzikh	dzek	dzek

O-lh-dze’ v. (0,e dur) ‑‑‑‑Yilhdzekh. ‑‑‑‑C’iziz hilhdzekh. ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Yïlhdze’. ‑‑‑‑Yïlhdzegh.

pass ‑‑‑‑Yïldze’.

ïldze’ n. (JM, ElM/JK 78:80 eeldzey’ “tanned skin”)

O-n‑l-dzekh v. (cont) ‑‑‑‑Nine’indinildzekh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nine’indinigildzekh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Ne’indinïzigildzegh.

dzec¹ claw

rep	dzeyh	dzec	dzeyh	dzeyh
repneg	dzec	dzïh	dzec	dzec
mom	dzeyh	dzec	dzïh	dzeyh
momneg	dzec	dzïh	dzïc	dzec
sem	dzïh	dzïh	dzïh	dzïh
semneg	dzïc	dzïh	dzic	dzïc
cont	dzeyh	dzey		.
cust	dzïh
custneg	dzic

O-dzec v. repetitive functions as durative for this verb.

sem ‑‑‑‑Ïndzïh. ‑‑‑‑C’ilhggic sidzïh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Misdzï c’ilhggic sidzïh. ‑‑‑‑C’intandidzïh ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Mbe c’intandidzïh.

cust ‑‑‑‑Yïdzïh.

c’aanididzïh n.

misdzï tsawisdzïh n. (Sorbus scopulina)

rep ‑‑‑‑Yudzeyh. ‑‑‑‑Yundzec.

hodzeyh n. ʘ^ib (JG/JK 78:39 hodzeyh “burrs” “thistle”)

cont ‑‑‑‑Niwisdzeyh. ʘ^lm

mom ‑‑‑‑Yik hawtëzdzec. For further example(s) of mom see tah² (under ‑ta#).

këledzec n. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Këledzec bï niye. ‑‑‑‑Këledzec yï c’itits tiltlic. ʘ^lm

> këledzec bï nideyh “ballet” see under deyh¹

dzec² granular

neu	dzec	dzec	dzec	dzec
neuneg	dzec	dzec	dzec	dzec
cont	dzeyh	dzec	dzeyh	dzeyh
contneg	dzec	dzïh	dzec	dzec
mom	dzeyh	dzec	dzïh	dzeyh
momneg	dzec	dzïh	dzïc	dzec
prog	dzïh
cust	dzïh
custneg	dzïc/dzic

‑dzec v. Some objects that require this root are shot for shotgun, sand, berries, marbles, beads, change, links of chain, flour, sugar, potatoes, cigarette ashes.

neu ‑‑‑‑Say ’et sidzec. ‑‑‑‑Lemidec yez ’et nïzdzec. ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Lemidec bï yizdzec. ‑‑‑‑Tsasisdidzec. ‑‑‑‑C’iyehts’iy t’o c’ighïz bïïnïzdzec. (LM/DR)

nïzdzec n. ʘ^mf

lisuc bï sidzec n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lisuc bï sidzec lidap k’isikay. (LM/DR)

silhts’ec bï sidzec n. ʘ^vg

lisël bï sidzec n. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Lisël tl’i silhts’ec bï sidzec lidap k’isile. (LM/DR)

dek’a zïkw bï sidzec n.

tsayisdidzec n. ʘ^hn

caus ‑‑‑‑Lisuc bï yizisdzec. ‑‑‑‑Lidap k’it kw’isil nïzisdzec.

mom ‑‑‑‑Siy skw’isil dic’anïndzec. For further example(s) of mom see t¹ (under t‑¹).

cust ‑‑‑‑’Usa co bïyidzïh. To halht’im’ yez hiytalhdzikh tl’i hiyilïz. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of cust see të (under lh-tiy).

O-dzec v.

prog ‑‑‑‑Kwin lïts dibe yïdidzïh. ʘ^sa

cont ‑‑‑‑Nisisdzec. ‑‑‑‑Mï’ ninenisdzeyh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Kw’isil diydïndzec. ‑‑‑‑’Ats hoyïndzec. ‑‑‑‑Lisuc bïyïndzeyh. ‑‑‑‑Mï’ yitaonïndzec. ‑‑‑‑Yilenïndzec.

cust ‑‑‑‑Diydïdzïh. ‑‑‑‑Tsalic tëël’ën. Hibighic’iztidzïh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Duwa tsalic hibighic’itiwhdzïh? ’Aw dikhlenkwil ’awiy silï’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Tineeyiggis tl’i to halht’im’ yez hiyilh ’aayilh’iyh. ’Awit hidlïz lisuc hiytaayidzïh. (LM/DR)

dist ‑‑‑‑Niwhnïn k’ints’idzeyh.

dzek¹

‑dzek v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Ndzek. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndzek silï’.

compar ‑‑‑‑Deldzek?

dzek²

‑dzek n. (w) ‑‑‑‑bidzek ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Bidzek winï. ‑‑‑‑C’adïh sdzek ’alggït. ‑‑‑‑Bidzek hac’ëlts’il. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Sdzek welew silï’. Wec’idizïsts’ik. ʘ^sa For further examples of ‑dzek see ’agh² (under dinï zïc be kwin hilht’agh); c’il¹ (o) (under caus).

> ‑dzek ha#k’a’ “ears are stopped up” see under k’a’

> ‑dzek ho#zil “ears ring” see under zil³

> Dzek K’inetiy “unnamed place” see under tiy³

> dzek wit’iz “ear wax” see under t’iz

dzekh pitch, caulk

neu	dzekh
neuneg	dzegh
conc	dzekh	dzegh	dzekh	dzekh
concneg	dzek	dzikh	dzek	dzek
mom	dzekh	dzegh	dzikh	dzekh
momneg	dzek	dzikh	dzik	dzek

dzekh n. ʘ^mf ʘ^lm (psd ‑dzek) ‑‑‑‑c’indu dzek

nïdo dzekh, nïdo dzek n.

d-dzekh v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Didzekh. ‑‑‑‑Wedïdzegh.

ne#O-dzegh v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Neyizdzegh. ‑‑‑‑Neoyinïndzegh. ‑‑‑‑Neynïsdidzegh.

‑i#O-d‑lh-dzekh v. (?,e mom) ‑‑‑‑Ggï distl’its lhindïlhdzekh. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bits’iydïlhdzegh. ‑‑‑‑Booyindinïclhdzegh. ‑‑‑‑Distl’is bidic’idïlhdzegh lec? ‑‑‑‑C’inïzigildzegh. ‑‑‑‑Ggit lic mbep nik honye tl’i lhinc’idilhdzekh? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nis tsë hiyindïlhdzegh. ʘ^lm For further example(s) of ‑i#O-d‑lh-dzekh see legh² (under ‑legh).

pass ‑‑‑‑Bile hin c’idildzekh. ‑‑‑‑Distl’is wile talts’ilh binyidildzekh. (LM/DR)

bï lhinc’idildzekh n.

tl’o bï lhindildzekh n. ʘ^sa

> dzekwil “earring, snowshoe pompom” see under kwil

dzen

neu	dzen
neuneg	dzen

dzen n. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑To dzen silï’.

dzen to n.

d-l‑dzen v. (neu) (JG/JK 73‑75:75 deldzeen “green”; CA/JK 73‑75:111 deldzeen “it’s blue”; BCCW dildzen “green”, yet dildzen “blue [sky]”) ‑‑‑‑Dildzen. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Binegh dildzen. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Wedïldzen. ‑‑‑‑Lhtindïlhdzen. For further example(s) of d-l‑dzen see u³ (under u-n‑).

Talhdzen Kwah pn. (MF/SH “Summit Cr.”, Gaz Taldziin Ts’anlii “creek”)

Talhdzen Bin pn. (Gaz Taɬdziin “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 Taɬdziin “blue water” Ben “lake”)

dzey

cont	dzeyh	dzey	.
mom		dzey

O-lh-dzey v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Dinï ïleyh ninyaalhdzeyh. ‑‑‑‑Ninyaalhdzey. ʘ^mf

mom ‑‑‑‑Witsasëëlhdzey. ʘ^mf

Dziginis prsn. ʘ^ha ʘ^sa nickname of Alfred Michell.

Dzic prsn. ʘ^sa short form of Dziginis.

> Dziginis Bic’i’alh K’ët “site on northwest side of McBride L.” see under ’alh

dzik

‑dzik n. ‑‑‑‑bidzik ʘ^mn ʘ^gh ‑‑‑‑bidzik bït ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Bidzik hoonïn’a. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Sdzik hoonïn’a. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Bidzik ghinooz’a. ‑‑‑‑Sa didzik ghinooz’a. ‑‑‑‑Sa bidzik hozdlï’. For further example(s) of ‑dzik see tsiy³ (under mom).

tsa dzik n. ʘ^ib (Pyrola sp.)

c’ebedzik, c’abïdziksp AJ c’ebidzik n. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑cindu c’ebedzik

C’ebedzik pn.

c’ebedzik co n.

> ‑dzik ledikh “ear lobe” see under dikh

> sa didzik hinc’ilhggït “sundog” see under ggït²

> sa didzik ghinc’ilhkay “sundog” see under kiy’¹ (a)

> dzik hidïnle “ear muffs” see under le³ (ï)

> bï ‑dzik sizil “ear muffs” see under zil¹

> dzikit’at “behind the ear” see under t’at

> Dzik T’o Bin “Coppermine L.” see under t’o¹

> sa didzik ghic’inïntsiy “sundog” see under tsiy³

dzikh¹

conc	dzikh	dzikh	dzikh	dzikh
concneg	dzik	dzikh	dzik	dzik

O-d‑lh-dzikh v. (e,s conc) ‑‑‑‑C’idïclhdzikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑C’izdïlhdzikh. ‑‑‑‑C’idïziclhdzikh. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Dïzigildzikh. ‑‑‑‑C’idïsdildzikh. ʘ^mf

ts’idilhdzik, c’idilhdzik n. (JG/JK 78:36 ts’idiɬdzik “food you take home from potlatch”) ‑‑‑‑Ts’idilhdzik bibe nisghï. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Bits’idilhdzik sgheynïnle. ‑‑‑‑C’idilhdzik yikh ts’inetaslïlh. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑C’ide’ ts’idilhdzik hiyï nilï. (LM/DR)

dzikh²

dzikh adj. ‑‑‑‑Dzikh ’indzin. For further examples of dzikh see ’ën’³ (under cust³); ’ën’³ (under cust³); dic² (under ye#t-lh-dic).

dzikh adv. ʘ^aj ʘ^gh ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Dzikh yelhdic. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bilikh dzikh hiybe ’aayilhnï. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Dzikh nikwiz. ʘ^bn ‑‑‑‑Sbe dzikh holh’ay. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Lhdzï dzikh holh’ay. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Dzikh widïlh’ay. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Mbe dzikh ’idïsgegh? ‑‑‑‑Dinï ze’ sa’ denïnye ’it’ën dzikh yighinlï udïlhye.

dzikh adv. with dimensional verbs. ‑‑‑‑Dzikh nt’ikw. ʘ^kn ʘ^lm

> dzikh ‑dekh “pl. suffer, have a hard time” see under dekh³

> dzikh ‑zit “sg./du. suffer, have a hard time” see under zit¹ (ï)

dzikh³

dzikh git n. ʘ^mf ʘ^hm ‑‑‑‑Dzikh git bï kwin hidïlhk’in bï c’itggï.

> Dzikh Git K’inetiy “trail near Alder Place” see under tiy³

dzikh⁴ measure

conc	dzikh	dzikh	dzikh	dzikh
concneg	dzik	dzikh	dzik	dzik

‑i#c’-u‑lh-dzikh v. (conc) ‑‑‑‑Yic’olhdzikh. ‑‑‑‑Bic’oziclhdzikh. ‑‑‑‑Dicin ghinlïnï cinskwilh hiyc’olhdzikh. For further example(s) of ‑i#c’-u‑lh-dzikh see tl’it² (e) (under ‑tl’it).

bï c’ic’oldzikh n.

To Bï C’oldzikh pn.

yin c’olhdzikh n. ‑‑‑‑Yin c’olhdzikh we ’aat’ah ’enï bï yitit’iyh hiyï winïlh’ën tl’i hiyï wic’olhdzikh. (LM/DR)

compar ‑‑‑‑’Oolhdzikh ho’ayh. ʘ^wj

deoldzikh, dooldzikh wh. ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Deoldzikh ’ëwht’ën’? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Deoldzikh gen tandelh? ʘ^vg For further example(s) of deoldzikh, dooldzikh see c’idze (under c’idze¹).

dzilh n. ʘ^gh ʘ^ha ʘ^hm ʘ^lm (psd ‑dzil) ‑‑‑‑Dzilh ’et si’ay. ‑‑‑‑Dzilh ledïnye. ‑‑‑‑Dzilh ïggiz netanlï.

dzilh k’it n. ʘ^wj ʘ^sa

Dzilh Yez pn. (Gaz Dzeɬ Yeez (Wah Tah Kwets), Dzeɬ Yeez (Wah Tah Keg’ht) “mountain(s)/boundary”, AJ/JK 86:44 dzelh “mt” yeez “little”)

Ditnï Dzil pn.

Wik’in Dzil pn. (Gaz “berry patch”, AJ/JK 86:46 wek’en “burnt” dzel “mt”)

> dzilh highooz’a “mountain pass” see under ’a³

> Cel Dzil “unnamed mountain” see under cel

> Dzilh Cin’ “Smithers Friendship Centre” see under cin’

> Dzilh Yis “unnamed mountain or hill” see under cis²

> Dzilh Yis Bin Yez K’it “unnamed lake” see under cis²

> Dzilh Yis Bin Co K’it “unnamed lake” see under cis²

> C’olugit Bidzil “unnamed mountain” see under C’olugit

> Dzilh C’iledikh Ts’anlï “1” see under dikh

> dzilh ïnin “valley” see under enin (ï)

> Tselh K’iz Dzil “Mt. Parrot” see under k’iz

> K’it Dzilh “Tweedsmuir Peak” see under k’it²

> C’ile’ Lhghïl Dzil “Whitesail Range” see under khëlh

> Libya Bidzil “unnamed peak” see under libya

> Kë Likh Bidzil “Eagle Peak” see under likh

> Tsë Lit Dzil “Tsalit Mt.” see under lhit

> Tasdlïz Dzil “Tahtsa Pk.” see under lïz

> Lhok Dzil “unnamed mountain” see under lhok

> dzilh lhok “cutthroat trout” see under lhok

> Lhots Winï Dzilh “ridge on southern boundary” see under lhots

> Namoks Bidzil “unnamed peak” see under Namoks

> dzilh#d-net “shine on mountain” see under net³

> Dzilh Nïts “Mt. McCrea” see under nïts

> Dzilh Yuntan “Hudson Bay Mt.” see under tan¹

> Ntël Dzil “Netalzul Mt.” see under tël

> Dzilh Tël “Mt. Morice” see under tël

> Dzilh K’inetiy “Dennis L.” see under tiy³

> dzilh to “mountain water, run-off” see under to

> dzilh k’it tl’o “Arctic lupine” see under tl’o

> Tsa Dzilh “Tsah Mt.” see under tsa¹

> dzilh tse’alh “blue jay (Steller’s jay)” see under tse’alh

> Dzilh Tsiy’ “Mt. Morella” see under tsiy’²

> Dzilh Ts’ac “Tableland Mt.” see under ts’ac

> C’itsewh Dzilh Ts’ay “unnamed mountain range” see under ts’agh¹

> C’inuh Dzilh Ts’ay “unnamed peak” see under ts’agh¹

> Ts’ek’ot Bidzil “unnamed mountain(s)” see under Ts’ek’ot

> Ut’akhgit Bidzil “unnamed mountain” see under ut’akhgit

> Widzïh Dzil “Mt. McCrea” see under widzïh

> dzilh k’it widedïnyïz “unidentified thrush” see under yïz

dzil hit

dur	dzil	dzil	dzil	dzil
durneg	dzil	dzilh	dzil	dzil
sem	dzilh	dzilh	dzilh	dzilh
semneg	dzitl	dzilh	dzitl	dzitl
cont	dzil	dzil	dzil	dzil
contneg	dzil	dzilh	dzil	dzil
mom	dzelh	dzil	dzilh	dzelh
momneg	dzetl	dzilh	dzitl	dzetl
rep	dzelh			dzelh
repneg				dzetl
cust	dzilh
custneg	dzitl

O-dzil v.

sem ‑‑‑‑Yizdzilh. ‑‑‑‑Tic’ip bï yinïzdzilh. ‑‑‑‑Dinghen bï yinïzdzilh. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Tic’ip bï nïzisdidzilh. ‑‑‑‑Kwa neznudzilh.

dur ‑‑‑‑Yïndzil. ‑‑‑‑Hoynïndzil. For further example(s) of dur see ggul¹ (under ‑nghen ggul).

bï c’ididzil n.

rep ‑‑‑‑Yudzelh. ‑‑‑‑Dinghen ggul bï yunidzelh.

mom ‑‑‑‑Unïndzelh. ‑‑‑‑Yï yunïndzil. ‑‑‑‑Ntendzelh. ‑‑‑‑Hoynïndzil. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tëzisdzil. ‑‑‑‑Tsë hoyidïndzil. For further example(s) of mom see ta¹ (under succ).

Nets’odidzelh pn. (Gaz Neets’oodedzeeɬ (Smogelgem), Neets’oodedzeeɬ (Gooh Laht) “hill”; AJ/JK 86‑2:40 Neets’oodedzeeɬ “we hit him again”, AJ/JK 86‑2:33 Neets’oodedzeeɬ “we hit him again” “hill on Smoge”)

cust ‑‑‑‑Yintidzilh.

nec’intidzilh n. ʘ^lm ʘ^sa also c’intidzilh.

dist ‑‑‑‑Lhat honc’izisdzil.

cont ‑‑‑‑Niyinïzdzil.

Lhëts’ilhdze Kwah pn. (Gaz ɬeets’eɬdzee Kwe “Fenton Creek”, AJ/JK 86‑2:24 ɬeets’eɬdzee “hit together” kwe “creek”)

> c’itidzilh hiyk’ininïnilhdzit “baseball umpires” see under zit²

> c’intidzilh yit’ak siyïn “second baseman” see under yïn²

Dzilhnen prsn. ʘ^ha ʘ^kn Likhsilyu chief name, not analyzable.

dzin¹ be

neu	dzin	dzïn’	dzïlh	dzïn’
neuneg	dzin	dzïl	dzïtl	dzïn’
cust	dzïh

’i#dzin v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑So’ yez ’oondzïn’. ‑‑‑‑Lhk’iy sanin lic so’ ’oondzïn’. ‑‑‑‑’Oh lhisisye. Udiclhye deondzïn’. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’itadzïlh. ʘ^lm

impf (1s ’isdzin, 2s ’en‑, 3s ’in‑, 1d ’idi‑, 1p ’itsen‑, 2p ’iwh‑, 3p ’een‑) ‑‑‑‑So’ ’endzin? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iwhdzin? ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑So’ ’isdzin. ‑‑‑‑So’ yez ’isdzin. ‑‑‑‑Mbï biyï’ ’endzin? ‑‑‑‑’Eendzin. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Mbïdi ’eendzin? ʘ^ha ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Oondzin. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’oondzin. ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑’Oondzin k’in’a nï’aadit’ën’. ‑‑‑‑’Et ’oondzin nits’izdïl. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Mbï biyikh tah ’oondzin? ‑‑‑‑Bibe ’oondzin. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Bibe so’ ’oondzin. ‑‑‑‑Wibe ’oondzin. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ggin dinï ndide dendzin tah? ‑‑‑‑Bilikhnï zih ’et deendzin. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑’Ats deondzin? ʘ^lm ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑So’ ’eendzin. ʘ^vg They’re fine. ‑‑‑‑Town ts’ooditkwiz. Nusdïts neditgguh deondzin niwhlok ben yikh widïzk’in. ʘ^gm

impfneg (1s ’iwesdzin, 2s ’iwen‑, 3s ’iwey‑, 1d ’iwedi‑, 1p ’iwets’e‑, 2p ’iwewh‑, 3p ’iweey‑) ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iwesdzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iwedidzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iweydzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bïnï so’ ’iweydzin. ‑‑‑‑Wibe ’iweydzin. ‑‑‑‑So’ bibe ’iwewidzin. ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑Yin tah wibe ’iwewidzin. ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iwets’edzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iwewhdzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iweeydzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑So’ ’iwendzin. ʘ^lm

to bï ’indzin n. For example(s) for to bï ’indzin see k’ëts² (under ‑lek’ëts).

dïndzin n. ʘ^lm (pl dïndzinï) ‑‑‑‑.22 dïndzin ‑‑‑‑’Ey dïndzin to c’izu’ hiyilhnï. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑’Enï dïndzinï hibe ’iwewidzin.

doondzin n. ʘ^lm areal noun as example. ‑‑‑‑Keyikh holh’ay Smithers doondzin sadzï co tseydïlh’ay. (LM/DR)

cust ‑‑‑‑Sa’ ’idzïh. ʘ^mf

’i#O-lh-dzin v. ‑‑‑‑Ulïts ut’ën ’iyïlhdzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bet co niwhbe ’iyïlhdzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Tsayïlh sile, be’ sile hiyïnï ’oolhdzin. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’izdle beyikh ’oowilhdzin c’aazle wenï. ʘ^mn ‑‑‑‑Udiggï niwhbe yin ’oolhdzin. ʘ^hn (HN/O Canada) For further examples of ’i#O-lh-dzin see ’ën¹ (under impf); k’is⁴ (under k’is).

pass For example(s) for pass see ghïl¹ (under dream).

‑e‑’i#dzin v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Dzut bï’isdzin. ‑‑‑‑Nts’ën’a niwhkinic bï’iwhdzin bighec’ohlï’. ‑‑‑‑Dzikh c’e’indzin të’dïl’ën. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Ndu bï’iwedzin. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑Dikw’isil ts’iyewh yï’ëndzïn’. ʘ^dm ‑‑‑‑Ho’ggec, so’ k’ay ’ayh bï’iwets’edzin. ʘ^gm ‑‑‑‑C’ide’nï hida ziz hiyï’ëndzïn’. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Lhk’unï hibiyin we’indzin. ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑Siy we’itasdzïlh. Nyin wih we’itandzïlh. Nendilt’oh we c’itadit’ilh. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Nïdo hozdlï’ ’et ’awit lisuc nizagh winï bï’its’endzin. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Kwa bï’iztadzïlh. For further examples of ‑e‑’i#dzin see ’iy (e) (under pass); hin (under hin tah).

nedï bï’oondzïn’ n. ‑‑‑‑Nedï bï’oondzïn’ bï c’ookët. ‑‑‑‑Nedï git bï ’oondzïn’ utaskilh. (LM/DR)

ha‑’i#dzin v. sentence contains subject and object nouns; ha‑ is contracted form of hah. ‑‑‑‑Din dinï ha’indzin. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Ggin ’en bibïts ha’indzin. ʘ^sa

‑k’ë ’i#dzin v. ‑‑‑‑Wik’ë ’indzin. ʘ^mf

‑be ’i#w-dzin v. (neu) verbal complement of ‑be is optative verb. ‑‑‑‑Netonge’ wibe ’oondzin. ‑‑‑‑Gen nusye’ wibe ’oondzin. ʘ^dr ‑‑‑‑Yulhcot wibe ’oondzin. ‑‑‑‑Wec’osyïn’ wibe ’oondzin. For further example(s) of ‑be ’i#w-dzin see nï⁴ (under ‑ghi-nï’#d-nï).

‑t’ats ’i#w-dzin v. ‑‑‑‑Sadzï bighewh nï’ts’it’ën’. Bit’ats ’oondzin. ʘ^lm (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑Nis dïzilhnï hibit’ats ’oondzin.

‑dzï dik ’i#O-lh-dzin v. (e,?) ‑‑‑‑We sdzï dik ’ëclhdzin ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑We didzï dik ’iyïlhdzin. ʘ^sa

‑e ’i#d-l‑dzin v. (0 ~ e,? neu) ‑‑‑‑Yï ’idildzin. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Bï ’idïgildzin. ‑‑‑‑Sis ziz yï ’idildzin. (LM/DR) For further example(s) of ‑e ’i#d-l‑dzin see tsin¹ (a) (under d-tsin).

lha’#d-dzin v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Lha’dïndzin. ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Dinï bïts nitanyelh tah wenï lha’dïndzin. (LM)

caus ‑‑‑‑Lha’iydïlhdzin. ʘ^mf ‑‑‑‑Kwa coffee lhadiclhdzin. Kwa coffee nidïntka. ʘ^gm

’et di-ne#l-dzin v. (0,s neu) impf neg = pf neg. ‑‑‑‑’Et dineldzin. ‑‑‑‑’Et dinesigildzïn’. ʘ^bm ‑‑‑‑Tsëtin hots tasyelh ’et dinesigildzïn’. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑’Et dinelhdzïn’. ‑‑‑‑’Et dineweldzin. ‑‑‑‑’Et dinewesoldzïn’.

wiye#w-lh-dzin v. (neu) ‑‑‑‑Dus wiyeolhdzin teniclht’agh. ‑‑‑‑Sine’ wiyeweoclhdzin silhnï. ’Engha stso’ bizuh netl’adïsde. (LM:skak)

> bïggiz ’iyïndzin “gasket, washer, spacer” see under eggiz²

dzin²

Widzin Bin pn. (Gaz Wedzen Ben “Morice Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:34 wedzen Ben “Morice Lake”, RM/JK 86:29 “Lower Skeena = Wedzen”)

Widzin Kwah pn. (Gaz Wedzen Kwe (Madeek, Gooh Tse Awh, Knedebeas, Gist Day Wa, Gyologet) “Morice River”, Wedzen Kwe (Gooh Tse Awh, Wah Teh Keg’ht, Gyologet, Wah Tah Kwets “Bulkley River”, Wedzen Kwe (Kha Noots) “Morice River/Bulkley River”) ‑‑‑‑Widzin Kwah honlï. ʘ^sa

dzis (ï) dance

dur	dzis	dzis	dzis	dzis
durneg	dzits	dzis	dzits	dzits
cont	dzïs			.
mom	dzïs	dzïz	dzis	dzïs
momneg	dzïts	dzis	dzits	dzïts
prog	dzis
cust	dzis

c’-l‑dzis v. inseparable c’‑. (JG/JK 78:27 c’ildzis “he dances fast”)

dur ‑‑‑‑Tabï so’ c’ildzis. (LM/DR) ‑‑‑‑So’ wec’inïldzis. Dzikh c’ëldzis. ‑‑‑‑Hoc’inïldzis. ‑‑‑‑C’ëldzis. For further example(s) of dur see t’ic (under tsenesit’ic).

Nec’its’ildzis pn. (Gaz Neec’ets’eldzes “Chisholm Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:44 Neec’ets’eldzes “we dance around”)

prog ‑‑‑‑C’ëldzis. ʘ^sa

cont ‑‑‑‑Nic’ildzïs. ʘ^sa

mom ‑‑‑‑Dec’inigildzïz.

cust ‑‑‑‑’Awilhyïz dec’igildzis.

dzits

dur	dzits	dzits	dzits	dzits
durneg	dzits	dzits	dzits	dzits

O-dzits v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑C’endzits. ‑‑‑‑Hoc’inïndzits.

dzï¹

‑dzï n. ‑‑‑‑bidzï ʘ^mn ʘ^ag ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’idzï k’ëyïlhtsiy. ‑‑‑‑Bidzï winï. (CA, MA/JK 86:26 bedzii wenii “brave”) ‑‑‑‑Ndzï c’izu’. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Ndzï c’ozu’. ‑‑‑‑Niwhdzï c’izu’ silï’. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Bidzï niltlikh. ‑‑‑‑Bidzï hitsagh. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Niwhdzï bï ’its’itnï. ‑‑‑‑Sdzï hont’iy’. ‑‑‑‑Sdzï ndide. ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Sdzï ndide silï’. ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Sdzï bilh hoc’inïlts’ilh. ‑‑‑‑Didzï bï sk’ëntsiy’. For further example(s) of ‑dzï see tsiy’² (under (‑ts’i#)c’-l‑tsiy’).

bidzï honzu dzïn n.

Dzï Bin pn. (Gaz Dzii Ben “Coffin Lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:13 dzii “heart” ben “lake”, AlM/JK 86:32 Dzii Ben “Round Lake”)

Dzï Bin Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz Dzii Ben Ts’anlii “creek”, AJ/JK 86‑2:14 dzii “heart” ben “lake” ts’anlii “flows from”)

dzïdil’ay n.

> ‑t’a dzï#l‑’a “depend on, trust” see under ’a²

> ‑dzï ‑k’i#de/kë “sg./du. be displeased, unhappy with” see under de³

> ‑dzï dik ’i#O-lh-dzin “lift O (heart), raise spirits” see under dzin¹

> bidzï ts’ilkiy’ see under kiy’²

> c’idzï neghis “aorta” see under ghiz¹

> Widzï Naalhnekh Dzil “Eagle Peak” see under nekh

> dzï net “pericardium” see under net¹

> dzï c’elt’ic “hearing aid, ear buds” see under t’ic

> ‑dzï tl’ol “aorta” see under tl’olh

> ‑dzï tsitl “compassionate heart” see under tsitl²

> ‑ghe-dzï#l-tsitl “pity” see under tsitl²

> ‑dzï ‑k’i#d-l‑ts’iy “pl. be displeased, unhappy with” see under ts’iy¹

> ‑dzïtsiwitl “chest” see under wilh

dzï² inner ear

> dzï l-t’ic “wear in the ear” see under t’ic

dzïc

lh-dzïc v. ‑‑‑‑Holht’ohgï silht’oh. Sincin silhdzïc. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Welhdzïc.

dzïh¹

u-lh-dzïh v. ‑‑‑‑Utaclhdzïh.

dzïh²

dikhdzïh n.

dzïh³

Dzïh prsn. ʘ^ha ʘ^ib ʘ^vg Likhsilyu chief name. short form of Widzïh or Midzïh (caribou). (Jenness Dzi)

> dzïhtël “lumber” see under tël

> dzïhtël bï ditghit “saw mill” see under ghit

dzïkw

w-d‑lh-dzïkw v. ‑‑‑‑Widilhdzïkw. ʘ^mf

nididzïkw n. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nididzïkw unkët.

dzïn n. ʘ^bm ʘ^sm ‑‑‑‑Dzïn ’ët’ën’. ‑‑‑‑Honist’iy’ dzïn witsawhdïl. ʘ^sm

k’ay dzïn adv. ʘ^aj also dzïn. ‑‑‑‑K’ay dzïn honzu. Hasadïndï. (LM/DR)

nts’ë dzïn adv. ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë dzïn lis neon’alh.

nts’ëwh dzïn wh. (JG/JK 75:22 ts’ehwdziin “sometime”) ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh dzïn ’it’ën ’itawhlïlh? ‑‑‑‑Nts’ëwh dzïn tah ’oondzin? ʘ^vg

’elhidzïn num. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑’Elhidzïn lhisisye. ʘ^lm

nedidzïn num. ʘ^bn ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Nedidzïn hon’a’.

> dzïn ’awit “daily, every day, today” see under ’awit

> dzïnïts “daytime, during the day” see under nïts

> dzïn widïztiy’ “holiday, special day” see under tiy’

> Dzïn Wiyez “Saturday” see under yez

dzïzoh n. ʘ^ag ʘ^gw ‑‑‑‑Dzïzoh ’et silhcoz. ‑‑‑‑Dzïzoh balhats naayilhnïh.

> dzïtnïts “noon” see under nïts

> dzïtnïts ’in “afternoon” see under ’in

dzïwh comb, rake

dur	dzïwh	dzïkw/dzuc	dzïwh	dzïwh
durneg	dzïkw	dzuh/dzïwh	dzïkw	dzïkw
cust	dzuh
custneg	dzuc

ne#O-lh-dzïwh v. (0,e dur) ne# with “comb”. ‑‑‑‑Nelhdzïwh. ʘ^sa

refl ‑‑‑‑Neldzïwh. ‑‑‑‑Tsëldzïkw bï neldzïwh. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑Neldzïkw. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm

bï niwhinghen neldzïwh n. ʘ^sa

cust ‑‑‑‑Neldzuh.

C’edik Ts’ilhdzïwh pn. (Gaz K’eedek Ts’eɬdziikw “mountain”, AJ/JK 86:39 K’eedek “devil’s club” ts’eɬdziixw “combs” (one’s pack))

C’isa Ts’ilhdzïwh pn. (Gaz C’essa Ts’eɬdziixw “ridge”, AJ/JK 86:39 c’esaa ts’eɬdziixw) [< C’isa (Likhts’amisyu chief name) + ts’ilhdzïwh “we comb”]

(ne#)w-lh-dzïwh v. (dur) ‑‑‑‑Wilhdzïwh. (AJ/JK 86:39 weɬdziixw “he’s raking”) ‑‑‑‑Neolhdzïkw. ‑‑‑‑Witaclhdzïwh. ‑‑‑‑C’it’an hiyilhdzïwh. (LM/DR)

bï wildzïwh n.

tsëldzïkw, tsëldzuc n. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^cd ‑‑‑‑Ntsëldzïkw lec’itaclht’ikh. ‑‑‑‑Ntsëldzïkw tsëc’itaclht’ikh. For further example(s) of tsëldzïkw, tsëldzuc see tsis¹ (a) (under ne#O-lh-tsis).

dzoh

conc	dzoh	dzoh	dzoh	dzoh
concneg	dzikw	dzoh	dzikw	dzikw

O-n‑lh-dzoh v. (e,s conc) ‑‑‑‑Nïlhdzoh. ‑‑‑‑Wenizïclhdzikw. ‑‑‑‑Nïziclhdzoh. ‑‑‑‑Hoynïlhdzoh.

uyoh tl’as nïlhdzoh, uyoh tl’asis nïlhdzoh n.

pass ‑‑‑‑Wenïldzoh.

dzohgï n. (pr dzoʹhgï) ʘ^mf ʘ^bm ʘ^vg

> dzohgï nidikat “movable smokehouse pole” see under kat¹

dzu¹

Dzu prsn. [from Eng]

dzu²

Dzu Eye K’ët pn. a Witsët canyon fishing site.

dzu’ n. [from Eng chow]

dzul boil, mad

cont	dzul	dzul	dzul	dzul
contneg	dzul	dzul	dzul	dzul
mom	dzulh	dzul	dzilh/dzulh	dzulh
momneg	dzul/dzutl	dzul	dzitl/dzutl	.

n-l‑dzul v.

cont ‑‑‑‑Ninïlhdzul.

mom ‑‑‑‑Denïldzul.

Dzunï prsn. ‑‑‑‑Dzunï kw’it [from Eng]

dzus

‑dzus k’it, ‑dzus k’i‑ n. ‑‑‑‑bidzus k’it ʘ^mn ʘ^ag ‑‑‑‑Dus sdzus k’it stiy. ‑‑‑‑Dzus k’istiy. ‑‑‑‑Dzus k’isde. ‑‑‑‑Bidzus k’isisde.

> ‑dzustël “thigh” see under tël

dzusliyez adv. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Dzusliyez nïn’ah. ʘ^sa [cf. ‑sliyez “a little further”]

> dzuzt’an’ “shirt” see under t’an’

dzut n. ‑‑‑‑C’iziz dzut bibe ’ilyegh. (LM/DR)

can to dzut n. ‑‑‑‑Newilhtiyh tah can to dzut bïts’izde.

khiyt dzut n. ʘ^ha ‑‑‑‑Khiyt hozk’its khiyt dzut bï ts’inïzil. (LM/DR)

c’o’ats dzut n. ‑‑‑‑Hozk’its tah c’o’ats dzut bï ts’izde. (LM/DR)

> c’ighe dzut “fur coat” see under ghe²

> dzut dighe’ “fur coat” see under ghe²

> dzut binedïstghe’ “fur-trimmed coat” see under ghe²

> dzut t’ikw “vest” see under t’ikw

E

e

w-e#d‑ vpf. (e,e

oper ‑‑‑‑’Et we’idïsnï’.

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Nis detiy weydïn’ay. ʘ^gm

mot ‑‑‑‑Seattle wedïskwiz. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë wedïwhdïlh? ‑‑‑‑Nts’ë weedïndïl? ‑‑‑‑Ïdik wedïtciy. ‑‑‑‑Nde’ wedïnye.

> w-e‑’i#d-D‑’ën’ “start” see under ’ën’²

> ‑e w-t‑D-ggiz “stretch” see under ggiz¹ (ï)

edik between

c’edik adv. ʘ^bo ‑‑‑‑C’edik ’et sde. ‑‑‑‑C’edik dïn’ay. ‑‑‑‑C’ediknï ’ey dilk’in’. For further example(s) of c’edik see ggiz¹ (ï) (under ïtggis).

c’edikin n. ‑‑‑‑C’edikin hinlï. ʘ^bn

lhedik adv. ʘ^lm ʘ^hn ‑‑‑‑Lhatin tah hozle. Lhedik hozle. (AlM/JK 86:31 ɬeed(a,e)k “portage”)

Bin Ghikh Lhedik pn. (Gaz Ben caagh ɬeedek “area”, “between Burnie Lakes”)

Lhedik Tiy pn. (AJ/JK 86‑2:47 ɬeedek “between” tay “trail”)

lhedik wit’ak siyïn n.

wedik n. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Wedik niye. ‑‑‑‑’Et gen ’et wedik hoz’ay. ‑‑‑‑Wedik lhisiye.

Tadik Bin pn. (GH/SH, Gaz Tadek Ben “Parrott Lakes”, AJ/JK 86‑2:23 Tadek “water upper” Ben “lake”) [< ta‑ “water” + ‑edik “between”]

> lhedik tanïlghez ’ayh “snowshoe with rounded tip and pointed tail” see under ’ayh

> C’edik Ts’ilhdzïwh “unnamed mountain” see under dzïwh

> c’edik hinic “gossip” see under hinic

> ‑k’ëdik “between (time, event)” see under k’ëdik

> lhedik hayilïh “portage” see under le³ (ï)

> Lhedik C’ilekh “Parrott Lakes” see under lekh¹

eggiz²

‑eggiz ~ ‑ïggiz p. ‑eggiz after w.

‑eggiz: ‑‑‑‑weggiz ʘ^sm ʘ^bm

‑ïggiz: ‑‑‑‑bile yïggiz ‑‑‑‑Dzilh yïggiz hotiy hon’a.

c’eggiz siyïn n.

Weggiz Bin pn. (Gaz Weekez Ben “lake”, AJ/JK 86‑2:40 weekez “between” ben “lake”)

Lhedlï Weggiz pn.

Tsë Yïggiz pn. (Gaz Tsee Yeggez “home place”, AJ/JK 86‑2:51 Tsee “rock” yeggez “between”)

bïggiz ’iyïndzin n. ʘ^mf

bïggiz ’aydïn’ay n. ʘ^ll ‑‑‑‑bïggiz ’ayindinïn’ay ʘ^ll

C’ighe Bïggiz pn. (Gaz C’eghee Beek’ez “Bill Nye Lake”, AJ/JK 86:23 C’eghee Beek’ez, Jenness cha pe’kaz Grizzly House when the brother of its chief was mortally wounded by the sister of Netipish" Jenness)

C’ighe Bïggiz Ts’anlï pn. (Gaz C’eghee beek’ez Ts’anlii “creek”, AJ/JK 86‑2:32 c’eghee “blanket” bee k’ez “half” ts’anlii “Gyologet area”)

‑leggiz n. ‑‑‑‑sleggiz ʘ^aj

Tsëggiz Nïtiy pn. (Gaz Tsee Ggez Niitay “pass/boundary”, Tsee Geez Niitay “mountain pass/boundary”; AJ/JK 86‑2:46 tsee “rock” ggez “gap” yiitay “trail” “‑‑‑a pass”)

C’iggiz pn. ʘ^gh (Gaz C’ek’ez “Broman Lake”, AJ/JK 86:24 c’eggez “B[r]owman Lak[e]”, Jenness djakaz “middle place”)

C’iggiz Wit’en n.

ek’iy

> ‑ak’iy “maternal aunt, step-mother, foster mother” see under ak’iy

en

‑en n. historically vowel-initial root, partially reanalyzed as b‑initial, now only used with 3rd possessor: b‑ (sg.), hibi‑ (pl.), d‑ reflexive. (AJ/JK 89:14 sén (“my mother”) “not used‑‑‑too formal”) ‑‑‑‑ben ʘ^aj ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑biben ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑hibiben ʘ^mf ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Maglit ben budïlhye? ʘ^ib ‑‑‑‑Den dilh niyilkwiz. ʘ^vg ‑‑‑‑Den logheebaalïh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑C’iben ts’oolggït? ʘ^sa For further example(s) of ‑en see ghi (under ‑ghi-ne#l‑).

swenik ben n. ʘ^ib

> Ben Tëzdlet Kwah “unnamed creek” see under let¹

enin (ï)

‑enin ~ ‑ïnin n. only prefixes are w‑ and b‑. For example(s) for ‑enin ~ ‑ïnin see dik (under Nedik).

‑enin: ‑‑‑‑Wenin nisisye. For further examples of ‑enin see ’agh² (under haolt’agh); cey (ciy) (under mom).

‑ïnin: ‑‑‑‑Dik dzilh bïnin widïtcey. For further example(s) of ‑ïnin see k’iy² (under Ts’idek’iy).

dzilh ïnin n.

enï² (ï)

‑enï, ‑ïnï p. only prefixes are w‑ and b‑. For examples for ‑enï, ‑ïnï see ’ës² (under d‑’ës); k’as² (under tsë k’az).

‑enï: ‑‑‑‑C’italh’a wenï dek’a ’ilekh. ‑‑‑‑Hibintawhlh’ëlh ’et wenï k’ay niwhghinisye. ‑‑‑‑Wilhnet sanin tsë hoditatkiyh wenï dinï lhota’is.

‑ïnï: ‑‑‑‑Ndu ïnï ’indzin? ‑‑‑‑Ndu ïnï ’its’endzin? ‑‑‑‑Lidï ïnï to diniclhdoh. ‑‑‑‑Gen lhdighelhggis wik’ën’ayh, nyuzï’ bïnï. ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Witsuwit’en hinic ïnï dinï lhtatat’is. ‑‑‑‑Tazil ïnï taydïnt’az. For further example(s) of ‑ïnï see w² (under w‑⁶).

Ë

ë, e

> ‑e#lelh “dream about” see under lelh

ë¹ (e ï)

‑ë ~ ‑e ~ ‑ï p. e after w, e or ë after c’, ë after other fortis consonants, ï elsewhere.

‑e: ‑‑‑‑’Et we niwhilh yelhdic. ‑‑‑‑’Et we yin k’idze ’inekh. ‑‑‑‑We tsandïlh hinlï.

‑ë: ‑‑‑‑Niwhë nec’init’ayh. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Niwhë nec’inïst’ay.

‑ï: ‑‑‑‑bï to ts’iziz ʘ^wj ‑‑‑‑Ndu bï neztadilh? ʘ^sa ‑‑‑‑Liztiyh bï sist’is. ‑‑‑‑Bï yitit’iyh bï dinï yinïlh’ën. ‑‑‑‑Hots’et bï yelhdic.

> To Bï C’oldzikh “Watergauge” see under dzikh⁴

> ‑ë to O-ggiz “stir O (in liquid)” see under ggiz¹ (ï)

> c’e c’otkët “store” see under kët

ë² (e ï)

‑e, ‑ë, ‑ï p. same forms and their distribution as with ë¹.

‑e: ‑‑‑‑Tsëk we st’ë.

‑ë: ‑‑‑‑C’ësde. ʘ^lm

‑ï: ‑‑‑‑Nggï stelh bï c’onïnyïn. ‑‑‑‑Yï c’ika ’it’ah. ʘ^lm

‑e#, ‑ë#, ‑ï# vpf. (s,e neu

pos ‑‑‑‑Yïsde.

clf ‑‑‑‑Bïyiz’ay. ‑‑‑‑’Usa bïyizdle. ‑‑‑‑c’ësikay ʘ^lm

descr ‑‑‑‑George udïlhye lec nts’ë Pat bïyinlï?

‑e#, ‑ë#, ‑ï# vpf. (0,e mom

mot ‑‑‑‑Bïts’idïlh. ‑‑‑‑Bïnye. ‑‑‑‑Bïltlat. ‑‑‑‑Bus bïdiltlikh.

‑e-ha#, ‑ë-ha#, ‑ï-ha# vpf. (0,e mom) ï-ha ‑‑> ïa ~ iya.

clf-mot ‑‑‑‑Bïayïs’ay. ‑‑‑‑’Aw k’is ndu nïlhnïh nyile bï hibile ïnlïh. So’ ts’ac hiyïawec’idilhyïc. (LM)

mot³ ‑‑‑‑Bika’ bïadiltlikh. ‑‑‑‑Ka bïanye. ʘ^lm ‑‑‑‑Bika’ yïanye. ʘ^mf ʘ^bm