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Speaking
"out": Ideologies,
identities, and individuals in coming out stories
By Alex Kim
University
of Washington, Seattle
Social
identities have emerged as a
major mode of social participation today, particularly with regard to
politics but
in other spheres (sexuality, religion, race, disability, etc.) as well.
A
conflict persists among anthropologists about whether identities can be
productive for cultural study or whether identities are too
subjectively
produced, too circularly defined to be useful. This paper takes the
position,
articulated by a variety of writers, that while it is true that
identities are
social constructed through various subjective lenses and obviously
nothing like
the essential categories which they are sometimes used as, identities
nonetheless are claimed and disclaimed by social actors for a variety
of
purposes. I attempt a synthesis of theory in language and sexuality
studies as
well as narrative and identity theory to produce a method and theory
for
looking at how the telling of personal narratives of a particular
"genre" (in this case, 'coming-out stories') comprise a definite
locus wherein actors create, deconstruct, define, and dissociate their
own
positions. .pdf
Traces of
Identity
Myth
and Monument in the New South Africa
By Steven C. Myers
University
of Washington, Seattle
The
myths of the past that once defined South Africa’s national identity
were shattered on May 10, 1994 with the inauguration of Nelson Mandela
following his victory in South Africa’s first fully democratic
election. Now,
no longer does a colonial power or an oppressive minority control South
Africa’s destiny. South Africa’s future is now in the hands of all
South
Africans, and the myths of the past are either inappropriate or
insufficient to
the expression of this new identity. Since those historic
elections the
question of which myths would emerge to define the new South African
identity,
and how they would come to be represented within the South African
landscape,
has remained largely unresolved. This is not to say that there are no
myths,
and no monuments, in the new South Africa. But it remains as yet
unclear which
heroes, which events, which ideas will coalesce to form the core of
South
Africa’s new national identity. The stories that will become those
myths for
the new South Africa are still under negotiation; still swirling
around,
waiting to materialize under a consensus that says, “This is who we
are.” It is
safe to say, however, that just as Myth and Monument played an
important role
in shaping the past identities of South Africa so, too, will they have
a
significant influence on the reshaping of that identity in the future.
I will
attempt to bring clarity to these issues by examining some possible
directions
that myth-making, monumentation and identity formation in South Africa
might
take.
.pdf
Moving Beyond Borders
The
Creation of Nomadic Space Through Travel
By Erin Bestrom
University
of Washington, Seattle
International
travel provides a
unique opportunity for self-exploration and the development of cultural
awareness and multidimensional perspectives. The process of removing
oneself
from familiar surroundings and venturing into foreign and strange lands
produces a space where the traveler may consider new philosophical
ideas and
develop new ways of seeing the world. I explore in detail the process
of
international travel and use travel narrative as a foundation for a
discussion
of difference, identity and the development of nomadic thought. Nomadic
thought
is a concept used to describe ideas and identities that exist outside
established frameworks or hierarchical categorizations, and are in a
state of
perpetual fluctuation. I argue that international travel provides an
inherent
opportunity for self-reflection and transformation which can produce a
space
where nomadic thought and dialogue may occur. I conclude that nomadic
thought
is a critical component of international dialogue and conflict
resolution, and
should be a core component of international education
programs. .pdf
Religious Transformations
The
Protestant Movement in the Dominican Republic
By Daniel F. Escher
Princeton
Theological Seminary
This
study is an exploratory
analysis to understand evangelical Protestant church growth in the
Dominican Republic.
In light of social, economic, and religious needs there, and due to the
inefficient supply of religion from the Roman Catholic Church,
Dominicans seek
sources of fulfillment. Protestant churches reach out to them more
efficiently
because—in organizational terms—they are entrepreneurial, decentralized
communities, who are responsive and adaptive to local custom. I show
that
Protestant churches multiply rapidly while maintaining their religious
identity; indeed, they grow because of it. In ideological terms
Protestant
churches carry a specific theological orientation that emphasizes
affective
worship, a spiritual experience of a God that is said to intervene
supernaturally, and a demanding moral world. I combine two conceptual
traditions to explain Protestant expansion—religious economy and
sub-cultural
identity theory. These theories presume specific social and
metaphysical
rewards, predict the creation of religious boundaries, and explain the
boundary-keeping characteristics of the moral worlds established by
evangelical
Protestant Dominicans. .pdf
The Similarities of Difference
A
Comparative Analysis of the New England Holocaust Memorial in Boston
and the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin
By Lisa Mahlum
University
of Washington, Seattle
As
generations become further removed from the Holocaust, the process of
memorialization becomes increasingly important for understanding the
significance of the Holocaust, as memory is the tool through which the
past
becomes immortalized. In this essay, I compare the way in which the
United
States and Germany memorialized the Holocaust in the late 20th century
by
comparing the New England Holocaust Memorial in Boston to the Memorial
to the
Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin. Both Boston and
Berlin have
used memorials not only to publicly portray their involvement with the
Holocaust in the past, but also to solidify their current remembrance
of the Holocaust for the future. By looking at the historical and
social
debate that
shaped the creation of each memorial and by examining the physical
symbols and
structures used to represent Holocaust memory, I use this essay to draw
a
historically unprecedented comparison between these two memorials to
show how
these two seemingly different memorials are fundamentally similar in
their
purpose to create a collective memory.
.pdf
The End of (the Other Side of)
the World
Apocalyptic
Belief
in the Australian Political Structure
By Keith Gordon
Puget
Sound University
In
the United States, hundreds of
thousands of Christians trust their hearts and souls to the belief that
the
world is on its final chapter. In their understanding, this chapter
that spells
out the last days is available to them in a proverbial ‘advance
printing.’ This
notion, known as dispensationalism, is a potent force within modern
American
Christian circles. Dispensationalists adhere to the belief that God’s
foreordainment of the end times is available to them in the form of
Biblical
prophecy. Clearly such a belief deeply affects an individual’s outlook
on life
on a personal level, but by extension these same beliefs have the
potential to
affect larger national and global spheres. Just such a thing is
happening now,
in the United States, where a large number dispensational Christians
are
looking to the political arena as a venue to exercise their beliefs. In
other
words, these Christians base their political actions (the votes they
cast and
the lobbies they endorse) upon their prophecy belief, hoping to
influence and
direct U.S. foreign policy to fulfill Biblical prophecy. I ask, is this
happening anywhere else? Is this a distinctly American phenomenon?
America,
occupying the position as the (arguably) eminent superpower in the
world, has a
certain responsibility to uphold, and allowing extreme and fatalistic
worldviews
to influence decision making at the highest level of government not
only raises
concerns but compromises that responsibility. To answer this question
we look
to Australia. The similarities run deep between America and Australia,
making
it a logical choice to use as a test study. Both countries share deep
cultural
roots that begin with their conceptions from British colonialism,
lending both
an analogous cultural background. Both are populated with a core
demographic of
white Anglo-Saxon Christians, with large immigrant populations from
Southern
and Eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia. Both share a colorful history
largely
centered upon a ‘frontier’ mentality. Though other factors would shape
them
into the distinct societies they are today, their similar pasts provide
an
immense cultural foundation upon which both societies are
built. .pdf
Marriage in Black and White
Women's
Support for Law Against Interracial Marriage, 1972-2002
By Madeline Baars
University
of Washington, Seattle
One
of the most interesting aspects
of the study of interracial marriage is the variation in approval that
exists
along racial, regional, age and gender lines. Among mixed black and
white
couples, the most common combination is a white wife and a black
husband. Black men that enter marriages with women
of a
different race tend to have a high level of education, high level of
income,
and high status career compared to the average black male.
The
marrying-out of desirable black
men, in
combination with other factors such as institutionalized racism and
high rates
of mortality and incarceration, limit the number of potential black
male
partners considered economically viable. This
tightened marriage market is particularly salient for well-educated
black
women, who have a harder time finding black mates with similar levels
of
education and economic prospects than do their white counterparts. This
paper
will utilize data from the General Social Survey to compare white and
black
females’ views on interracial relationships, tracking trends in opinion
over
the past three decades. Using the GSS data, I will test the
effects that
a series of independent variables, including race, age, level of
education,
geographic region, and urbanicity, have on opinion about racial
intermarriage
for these two groups of women over time. .pdf
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