316. L. R. Dalton, "Nonlinear Optical Materials," in Kirk-Othmer Concise Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1999, p. 1377.
317. D. Chen, D. Bhattacharya, A. Udupa, B. Tsap, H. R. Fetterman, A. Chen, S. S. Lee, J. Chen, W. H. Steier, and L. R. Dalton, “High-Frequency Polymer Modulators with Integrated Finline Transitions and Low Vp,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 11, 54-56 (1999).
318. L. R. Dalton, A. W. Harper, A. Ren, F. Wang, G. Todorova, J. Chen, C. Zhang, and M. Lee, “Polymeric Electro-Optic Modulators: From Chromophore Design to Integration with Semiconductor VLSI Electronics and Silica Fiber Optics,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 38, 8-33 (1999).
319. K. A. Drenser, R. J. Larsen, F. P. Strohkendl, and L. R. Dalton, “Femtosecond, Frequency-Agile, Phase Sensitive Detected, Multi-Wave-Mixing Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy Applied to p-Electron Photonic Materials,” J. Phys. Chem., 103, 2290-2301 (1999).
320. S. T. Wu, C. S. Hsu, K. F. Shyu, Y. Y. Chuang, H. B. Cheng, Z. Chai, G. Day, L. Guo and L. R. Dalton, "High Birefringence Bis-Tolane Liquid Crystals for Display Applications," SID Tech. Digest, 30, 706-9 (1999).
321. A. K. Y. Jen, Y. Liu, L. Zheng, S. Liu, K. J. Drost, Y. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Efficient, Chemically and Thermally Stable Chromophores with Chromone-Containing Electron Acceptors for NLO Applications,” Adv. Mater., 11, 452-5 (1999).
322. S. M. Garner, V. Chuyanov, S.-S. Lee, A. Chen, W. H. Steier, and L. R. Dalton, “Vertically Integrated Waveguide Polarization Splitters Using Polymers,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 11, 842-4 (1999).
323. A. K. Y. Jen, H. Ma, X. Wu, J. Wu, S. Liu, S. R. Marder, L. R. Dalton, and C. F. Shu, "Recent Development of Highly Efficient Chromophores and Polymers for Electro-optic Device Applications," Proc. SPIE, 3623, 112-9 (1999).
324. S. M. Garner, S.-S. Lee, V. Chuyanov, A. Chen, A. Yacoubian, W. H. Steier, and L. R. Dalton, “Three Dimensional Integrated Optics Using Polymers,” IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 35, 1146-55 (1999).
325. Y. Chiu, B. Jalali, S. Garner, W. Steier, and L. Dalton, “Broadband Electronic Linearizer for Externally Modulated Analog Fiber Optic Links,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 11, 48-50 (1999).
326. L. R. Dalton, F. P. Strohkendl, and, R. J. Larsen, “Measurement of Two-Photon Absorption Coefficients Employing Femtosecond, Phase-Mismatched DFWM and n-DFWM Spectroscopy,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. & Technol., Sect. B: Nonlinear Opt., 21, 245-61 (1999).
327. L. R. Dalton, W. H. Steier, B. H. Robinson, C. Zhang, A. Ren, S. Garner, A. Chen, T. Londergan, L. Irwin, B. Carlson, L. Fifield, G. Phelan, C. Kincaid, J. Amend, and A. Jen, “From Molecules to Opto-Chips: Organic Electro-Optic Materials,” J. Chem. Mater., 9, 1905-21 (1999).
328. B. H. Robinson, L. R. Dalton, A. W. Harper, A. Ren, F. Wang, C. Zhang, G. Todorova, M. Lee, R. Aniszfeld, S. M. Garner, A. Chen, W. H. Steier, S, Houbrecht, A. Persoons, I. Ledoux, J Zyss, and A. K. Y. Jen, “The Molecular and Supramolecular Engineering of Polymeric Electro-Optic Materials,” Chem. Phys., 245, 35-50 (1999).
329. W. H. Steier, A. Chen, S.-S. Lee, S. Garner, H. Zhang, V. Chuyanov, L. R. Dalton, F. Wang, A. S. Ren, C. Zhang, G. Todorova, A. W. Harper, H. R. Fetterman, D. Chen, A. Udupa, D. Bhattacharya, and B. Tsap, “Polymer Electro-Optic Devices for Integrated Optics,” Chem.Phys., 245, 487-506 (1999).
330. F. P. Strohkendl, T. J. Axenson, R. J. Larsen, L. R. Dalton, R. W. Hellwarth, and Z. H. Kafafi, "Nonlinear Optical Spectra of C70," Chem. Phys., 245, 285-300 (1999).
331. A. Ren and L. R. Dalton, “Electroactive Polymers Including Nonlinear Optical Polymers,” Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science, 4, 165-171 (1999).
332. C. Zhang, A. S. Ren, F. Wang, J. Zhu, L. R. Dalton, J. N. Woodford, and C. H. Wang, "Synthesis and Characterization of Sterically Stabilized Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Chromophores," Chem. Mater., 11, 1966-8 (1999).
333. H. Ma, A. K. Y. Jen, J. Wu, X. Wu, S. Liu, C. F. Shu, L. R. Dalton, S. R. Marder, and S. Thayumanavan, “A Convenient Modular Approach of Functionalizing Aromatic Polyquinolines for Electrooptic Devices,” Chem. Mater., 11, 2218-25 (1999).
334, S. S. Lee, A. H. Udupa, H. Erlig, H. Zhang, Y. Chang, C. Zhang, D.H. Chang, D. Bhattacharya, B. Tsap, W. H. Steier, L. R. Dalton, and H. R. Fetterman, "Demonstration of a Photonically Controlled RF Phase Shifter," IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters, 9, 357-9 (1999).
335. Fang Wang, Aaron W. Harper, Michael S. Lee, Larry R. Dalton, Hua Zhang, Antao Chen, William H. Steier, and Seth R. Marder, “Progress Toward Device-Quality Second-Order NLO Materials. 3. Electro-Optic Activity of Polymers Containing E,E,E-4-(N,N dialkyl-amino)phenylpenta-dienylidene 3-phenyl-5-isoxazolone Chromophores,” Chem. Mater., 11, 2285-8 (1999).
336. A. W. Harper, S. S. H. Mao, Y. S. Ra, C. Zhang, J. Zhu, L. R. Dalton, S. Garner, A. Chen, and W. H.Steier, “Progress Toward Device-Quality Second-Order NLO Materials. 2. Enhancement of Electric Poling Efficiency and Temporal Stability by Modification of Isoxazolone Based High mb Chromophores,” Chem. Mater., 11, 2886-91 (1999).
337. A. Chen, V. Chuyanov, H. Zhang, S. M. Garner, S. S. Lee, W. H. Steier, J. Chen, F. Wang, J. Zhu, M. He, Y. Ra, S. S. Mao, A. W. Harper, L. R. Dalton, and H. R. Fetterman, “DC Biased Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide Modulators With Low Half-Wave Voltage and High Thermal Stability,” Opt. Eng., 38, 2000-2008 (1999).
338. A. K. Y. Jen, H. Ma, X. Wu, J. Wu, S. Liu, P. Herguth, S. R. Marder, C. F. Shu, and L. R. Dalton, “Design and Synthesis of Highly Efficient Chromophores and Polymers for Electro-Optic Applications,” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. & Technol., Sect. B: Nonlinear Opt., 22, 9-14 (1999).
339. A. H. Udupa, H. Erlig, B. Tsap, Y. Chang, D. Chang, H. R. Fetterman, H. Zhang, S. S. Lee, F. Wang, W. H. Steier, and L. R. Dalton, “High-Frequency, Low-Crosstalk Modulator Arrays Based on FTC Polymer Systems,” Electronic Letters, 35, 1702-4 (1999).
340. A. Chen, V. Chuyanov, F. I. Marti-Carrera. S. M. Garner, W. H. Steier, J. Chen, S. S. Sun, and L. R. Dalton, “Vertically Tapered Polymer Waveguide Mode Size Transformer for Improved Fiber Coupling,” Opt. Eng., 39, 1507-16 (2000).
341. L. Sun, J.-H. Kim, C.-H. Jang, J. J. Maki, D. An, Q. Zhou, X. Lu, J. M. Taboada, R. T. Chen, S. Tang, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, A. S. Ren, and L. R. Dalton, “Beam Deflection With Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide Prism Array,” Proc. SPIE, 3950, 98-107 (2000).
342. J. S. Grote, J. S. Zetts, J. P. Drummond, R. L. Nelson, F. K. Hopkins, C. H. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, and W. H. Steier, “Effect of Dielectric Constant on Modulation Voltage for Nonlinear Optic Polymer-Based Optoelectronic Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 3950, 108-116 (2000).
343. D. Huang, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, and W. P. Weber, "Synthesis and Characterization of Main-Chain NLO Oligomers and Polymers That Contain 4-Dialkylamino-4'(alkyl-sulfonyl) azobenzene Chromophores," J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem., 38, 546-59 (2000).
344. C. Wang and L. R. Dalton, “A Facile Synthesis of Thienylmethylphosphonates: Direct Conversion From Thiophenes,” Tetrahedron Lett., 41, 617-20 (2000).
345. I. Liakatas, C. Cai, M. Bosch, M. Jager, Ch. Bosshard, P. Gunter, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Importance of Intermolecular Interactions on the Nonlinear Optical Properties of Poled Polymers,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 1368-70 (2000).
346. D. An, Z. Shi, L. Sun, J. M. Taboada, Q. Zhou, X. Lu, R. T. Chen, S. Tang, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, A. Ren, and L. R. Dalton, “Polymeric Electro-Optic Modulator Based on 1x2 Y-Fed Directional Coupler,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 1972-4 (2000).
347. J. Pan, M. Chen, W. Warner, M. He, L. Dalton, T. Hogen-Esch, “Synthesis of Block Copolymers Containing a Main Chain Polymeric NLO Segment,” Macromolecules, 33, 4673-81 (2000).
348. J. Pan, M. Chen, W. Warner, M. He, L. Dalton, and T. Hogen-Esch, “Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Diblock Copolymers Through Hydrogen Bonding. Semiquantitative Determination of Binding Constants,” Macromolecules, 33, 7835-41 (2000).
349. C. Zhang, A. W. Harper, D. S. Spells, and L. R. Dalton, “A Facile Synthesis of 5-N,N-Bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)amino-2-Thiophenecarboxaldehyde,” Synth. Commun., 30(8), 1359-64 (2000).
350. C. Wang, C. Zhang, P. Wang, P. Zhu, C. Ye, and L. R. Dalton, “High Tg Donor-Embedded Polyimides for Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Applications,” Polymer, 41, 2583-90 (2000).
351. Y. Shi, C. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. H. Bechtel, L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, and W. H. Steier, “Low (Sub-1 Volt) Halfwave Voltage Polymeric Electrooptic Modulators Achieved by Control of Chromophore Shape,” Science, 288, 119-122 (2000).
352. L. R. Dalton, "Polymeric Electro-Optic Materials: Optimization of Electro-Optic Activity, Minimization of Optical Loss, and Fine-Tuning of Device Performance," Opt. Eng., 39, 589-95 (2000).
353. S. S. Lee, S. M. Garner, V. Chuyanov, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, F. Wang, L. R. Dalton, A.H. Udupa, and H. R. Fetterman, “Optical Intensity Modulator Based on a Novel Electrooptic Polymer Incorporating a High mb Chromophore,” IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 36, 527-32 (2000).
354. B. H. Robinson and L. R. Dalton, “Monte Carlo Statistical Mechanical Simulations of the Competition of Intermolecular Electrostatic and Poling Field Interactions in Defining Macroscopic Electro-Optic Activity for Organic Chromophore/Polymer Materials,” J. Phys. Chem., 104, 4785-4795 (2000).
355. D. H. Chang, H. Erlig, M. C. Oh, C. Zhang, W. H. Steier, L. R. Dalton, and H. R. Fetterman, “Time Stretching of 102 GHz Millimeter Waves Using a Novel 1.55 mm Polymer Electrooptic Modulator, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, 12, 537-9 (2000).
356. D. Huang, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, and W. P. Weber, “Sequential Synthesis of Main-Chain NLO Oligomers which Contain 4-Dialkylamino-4’-(alkylsulfonyl)azobenzene Chromophores,” Designed Monomers and Polymers, 3, 95-111 (2000).
357. D. An, S. Tang, Z. Shi, L. Sun, J. M. Taboada, Q. Zhou, X. Lu, R. T. Chen, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, A. Ren, and L. R. Dalton, “1x2 Y-Fed Directional Coupler Modulator Based on Electro-Optic Polymer,” Proc. SPIE, 3950, 90-7 (2000).
358. Y. Shi, W. Lin, D. J. Olson, J. H. Bechtel, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators with 0.8 V Half-Wave Voltage,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 77, 1-3 (2000).
359. M.-C. Oh, H. Zhang, A. Szep, V. Chuyanov, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, B. Tsap, and H. R. Fetterman, “Practical Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators for 1.55 mm Wavelength Using Phenyltetraene Bridged Chromophores in Polycarbonate,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 76, 3525-7 (2000).
360. D. Huang, X. Jiang, G. D. Phelan, T. M. Londergan, A. K.-Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Organic Electroluminescent Device Based on Phenanthrene Containing Europium Complex,” Polym. Mat. Sci. Eng., 83, 266-7 (2000).
361. C. Zhang, M. Lee, A. Winkleman, H. Northcroft, C. Lindsey, A. K. Y. Jen, T. Londergan, W. H. Steier, and L. R. Dalton, “Realization of Polymeric Electro-Optic Modulators With Less Than One Volt Drive Voltage Requirement,” Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 598, Electrical, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Organic Solid State Materials (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 2000) pp.BB4.2.1-12.
362. A. K. Y. Jen, H. Ma, X. Wu, J. Wu, and L. R. Dalton, “High Performance Side-Chain Aromatic Polyquinones for Electro-Optic (E-O) Devices,” Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 598, Electrical, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Organic Solid State Materials (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 2000) pp.BB4.4.1-6.
363. J. G. Grote, J. P. Drummond, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, F. K. Hopkins, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, and W. H. Steier, “Enhanced Electrooptic Activity of NLO Polymers Via the Use of Conductive Polymers,” Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 597, Thin Films for Optical Waveguide Devices (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 2000) pp. 109-115.
364. A. Yacoubian, V. Chuyanov, S. M. Garner, W. H. Steier, A. S. Ren, and L. R. Dalton, “EO Polymer-Based Integrated-Optical Acoustic Spectrum Analyzer,” IEEE J. Sel. Topics in Quantum Electronics, 6, 810-6 (2000).
365. F. P. Strohkendl, R. J. Larsen, L. R. Dalton, and Z. K. Kafafi, “Femtosecond Nearly Degenerate Four-Wave Mixing in C60 Films Between 0.55 and 0.70 mm,” Chem. Phys. Lett., 331, 354-8 (2000).
366. L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, and W. H. Steier, “Production of High Bandwidth Polymeric Electro-Optic Modulators with Vp Voltages of Less Than 1 Volt,” Mol. Crys. Liq. Cryst.: Nonlin. Opt., 25, 23-34 (2000).
367. T. Londergan and L. R. Dalton, “Control of Optical Properties Using Various Nanostructured Materials: Dendrimers, Phase-Separating Block Copolymers, and Polymer Microspheres, “ MCLC S&T Sect. A, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., .353, 211-221 (2000).
368. H. R. Fetterman, D. H. Chang, H. Erlig, M. Oh, C. H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, and L. R. Dalton, Photonic Time-Stretching of 102 GHz Millimeter Waves Using 1.55 mm Polymer Electro-Optic Modulator,” Proc. SPIE, 4114, 44-57 (2000).
369. J. H. Bechtel, Y. Shi, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, C. H. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Low-Driving-Voltage Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators for Advanced Photonic Applications,” Proc. SPIE, 4114, 58-64 (2000).
370. J. S. Grote, J. S. Zetts, C. H. Zhang, R. L. Nelson, L. R. Dalton, F. K. Hopkins, and W. H. Steier, “Conductive Cladding Layers for Electrode Poled Nonlinear Optic Polymer Electro-Optics,” Proc. SPIE, 4114, 101-109 (2000).
371. L. R. Dalton, B. Robinson, W. H. Steier, C. H. Zhang, and G. Todorova, “Systematic Optimization of Polymeric Electro-Optic Materials,” Proc. SPIE, 4114, 65-76 (2001).
372. C. H. Zhang, G. Todorova, C. Wang, T. Londergan, and L. R. Dalton, “Synthesis of New Second Order Nonlinear Optical Chromophores: Implementing Lessons Learned from Theory and Experiment,” Proc. SPIE, 4114, 77-87 (2000).
373. H. Fetterman, D. Chang, W. Steier, L. Dalton, C. Zhang, M. Oh, H. Erlig, and B. Tsap, “Integrated Polymeric Photonic Devices for RF and Phased Array Applications,” Trends in Optics and Photonics. Integrated Photonics Research, Optical Society of America Tech. Digest, 146-7 (2000).
374. C. Zhang, C. Wang, L. R. Dalton, H. Zhang, and W. H. Steier, “Progress Toward Device-Quality Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Materials. 4. A Tri-Link High mb NLO Chromophore in Thermoset Polyurethane: A “Guest-Host” Approach to Larger Electro-Optic Coefficients,” Macromolecules, 34, 253-61 (2001).
375. C. Zhang, C. Wang, J. Yang, L. R. Dalton, G. Sun, H. Zhang, and W. H. Steier, “Electric-Poling and Relaxation of Thermoset Polyurethane Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Materials: The Role of Cross-Linking and Monomer Rigidity,” Macromolecules, 34, 235-43 (2001).
376. H. Ma, B. Chen, S.Takafumi, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Nonlinear Optical Dendrimer for Electro-Optics,” J. Am. Chem. Soc, 123 (5), 986-7 (2001).
377. C. Wang, C. Zhang, C. Zhou, M. Chen, and L. R. Dalton, “Urethane-Urea Copolymers Containing Siloxane Linkages: Enhanced Temporal Stability and Low Optical Loss for Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Applications,” Macromolecules, 34, 2359-63 (2001).
378. J. N. Woodford, C. H. Wang, C . Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Resonant and Nonresonant Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering of Charge-Transfer Chromophores,” J. Appl. Phys., 89, 4209-17 (2001).
380. H. Zhang, M.-C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push Pull Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators with Low Half-wave Voltage and Low Loss at Both 1310 and 1550 mm,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 78, 3136-8 (2001).
381. B. W. Reed, M. Sarikaya, L. R. Dalton, and G. F. Bertsch, “Transmission Electron Energy-Loss Spectroscopy Study of Carbon Nanotubes Upon High Temperature Treatment,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 78, 3358-60 (2001).
382. L. R. Dalton, “Nonlinear Optical Polymeric Materials: From Chromophore Design to Commercial Applications,” in Advances in Polymer Science, Vol 158 (Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, 2001), pp. 1-86.
383. L. R. Dalton, “Electro-Optical Applications,” in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, (J. Kroschwitz, ed.) John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2000.
384. Y. V. Pereverzev, O. V. Prezhdo, and L. R. Dalton, “Mean Field Theory of Accentric Order of Dipolar Chromophores in Polymeric Electro-Optic Materials. Chromophores with Displaced Dipoles,” Chem. Phys. Lett., 340, 328-35 (2001).
385. L. Sun, J. Kim, C. Jang, D. An, X. Lu, Q. Zhou, J. M. Taboada, R. T. Chen, J. J. Maki, S. Tang, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Polymeric Waveguide Prism Based Electro-Optic Beam Deflector,” Opt. Eng., 40, 1217-22 (2001).
386. C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, M.-C. Oh, H. Zhang, and W. H. Steier, “Low Vp Electrooptic Modulators from CLD-1: Chromophore Design and Synthesis, Materials Processing, and Characterization,” Chem. Mater., 13, 3043-50 (2001).
387. B. H. Robinson and L. R. Dalton, “Defining Performance Limits for Polymeric EO Modulators,” Proc SPIE, 4279, 1-9 (2001).
388. J. H. Kim, L. Sun, C.-H. Jang, D. An, J. M. Taboada, Q. Zhou, X. Lu, R. T. Chen, X. Han, S. Tang, H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, A. Ren, and L. R. Dalton, “Polymeric Waveguide Beam Deflector for Electro-Optic Switching,” Proc SPIE, 4279, 37-44 (2001).
389. C. Zhang, A. W. Harper, and L. R. Dalton, “Formylation of Diethyl-2-Thienylmethyl-phophonate for One-Pot Synthesis of Aminothienostilbene Carboxaldehyde,” Symth. Commun., 31(9), 1361-5 (2001).
390. L. R. Dalton, “Realization of Sub 1 Volt Polymeric EO Modulators Through Systematic Definition of Material Structure/Function Relationships,” Synthetic Metals, 124/1, 3-7 (2001).
391. L. R. Dalton, “The Role of Nonlinear Optical Devices in the Optical Communication Age,” in Nonlinear Optics for the Information Society, A. Driessen, ed. (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 2001) p. 1.
392. J. G. Grote, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, F. K. Hopkins, L. R. Dalton, C. Zhang, and W. H. Steier, “Effect of Conductivity and Dielectric Constant on the Modulation Voltage for Optoelectronic Devices Based on Nonlinear Optical Polymers”, Opt. Eng., 40, 2464-73 (2001).
393. M.-C. Oh, H. Zhang, C. Zhang, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, B. Tsap, D. Chang, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, H. R. Fetterman, and L. R. Dalton, “Recent Advances in Electro-Optic Polymer Modulators Incorporating a Highly Nonlinear Chromophore,” J. Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 7, 826-35 (2001).
394. A. K. Jen, J. Ma, T. Sassa, S. Liu, S. Suresh, L. R. Dalton, and M. Haller, “Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Organic/Polymeric Electro-Optic Materials by Dendritic Approach,” Proc. SPIE, 4461, 172-9 (2001).
395. L. R. Dalton, “Realization of Sub 1 V Polymeric EO Modulators Through Systematic Definition of Material Structure/Function Relationships,” in Molecular Photonics: From Macroscopic to Nanoscopic Applications, eds. I. Ledoux-Rak, Z. Bao, and J. Zyss (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2001) pp. 3-8.
396. J. G. Grote, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, F. K. Hopkins, J. B. Huddleston, P. P. Yaney, C. H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, M.-C. Oh, H. R. Fetterman, A. K. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Advancements in Conductive Cladding Materials for Nonlinear-Optic-Polymer-Based Optoelectronic Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 4470, 10-9 (2001).
397. X. Jiang, B. Carlson, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Red Electrophosphorescence From Osmium Complexes,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 80, 713-5 (2002).
398. G. M. Spinks, G. G. Wallace, L. S. Fifield, L. R. Dalton, A. Mazzoldi, D. DeRossi, I. I. Khayrullin, and B. H. Baughman, “Pneumatic Actuator Response from Carbon Nanotube Sheets,” Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 706, Making Functional Materials and Nanotubes (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 2002) pp. Z9.11-22.
399. A. Jen, R. Neilsen, B. Robinson, W. Steier, and L. Dalton, “Rational Design of Organic Electro-Optic Materials,” Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol. 708, Electrical, Optical and Magnetic Properties of Organic Solid State Materials (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 2002) pp.BB4.4.1-8.
400. X. Jiang, A. K. Y. Jen, D. Huang, G. D. Phelan, T. M. Londergan, and L. R. Dalton, “The Effect of Ligand Conjugation Length on Europium Complex Performance in Light-Emitting Diodes,” Synthetic Metals, 125, 331-6 (2002).
401. Y. V. Pereverzev, O. V. Prezhdo, and L. R. Dalton, “Sample Shape Influence on the Antiferroelectric Phase Transitions in Dipolar Systems Subject to an External Field,” Phys. Rev. B, 65, 053104-1/4 (2002).
402. P. Rabiei, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Integrated WDM Polymer Modulator,” in Optical Society of America Trends in Optics and Photonics, Vol. 70, Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Technical Digest (Optical Society of America, Washington DC, 2002), pp. 31-33.
403. M. C. Wu, H. Fetterman, T. Itoh, B. Jalali, E. Yablonovitch, L. R. Dalton, W. H. Steier, C. Chang-Hasnain, K. Lau, and R. Ram, “A Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative on RF Photonic Materials and Devices,” Proc. GOMAC 2002, 144-7 (2002).
404. L. R. Dalton, A. K. Y. Jen, B. H. Robinson, and W. H. Steier, “The Rational Design and Production of Organic Electro-Optic Materials and Devices,” Proc. GOMAC 2002, 152-5 (2002).
405. J. G. Grote, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, F. K. Hopkins, P. P. Yaney, C. Zhang, W. H. Steier, M. C. Oh, H. R. Fetterman, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Conductive Cladding Materials for Nonlinear Optic Polymer Based Opto-Electronic Devices,” Proc. GOMAC 2002, 161-5 (2002).
406. X. Jiang, A. K. Y. Jen, G. D. Phelan, D. Huang, T. M. Londergan, L. R. Dalton, and R. A. Register, “Efficient Emission From an Europium Complex Containing Dendron-Substituted Diketone Ligands,” Thin Solid Films, 416, 212-7 (2002).
407. L. R. Dalton, “New Center for IT Research,” Materials Today, 5, 38-41 (2002).
408. Y. V. Pereverzev, O. V. Prezhdo, and L. R. Dalton, “A Model of Phase Transition in the System of Electro-Optic Dipolar Chromophores Subject to an Electric Field,” J. Chem. Phys., 117, 3354-60 (2002).
409. H. Ma. S. Liu, J. Luo, S. Suresh, L. Liu, S. H. Kang, M. Haller, T. Sassa, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Electro-Optical Dendrimers for Photonics,” Adv. Funct. Mater., 12, 565-74 (2002).
410. M. Leovich, P. P. Yaney, C. H. Zhang, W. H. Steier, M.-O. Oh, H. R. Fetterman, A. K. Y. Jen, L. R. Dalton, J. G. Grote, R. L. Nelson, J. S. Zetts, and F. K. Hopkins, “Optimized Cladding Materials for Nonlinear-Optic Polymer-Based Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 4652, 97-103 (2002).
411. X. Jiang, G. Phelan, B. Carlson, S. Liu, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Novel Europium and Osmium Complexes for Pure Red Light Emitting Diode Applications,” Macromol. Symp. 186, 171-6 (2002).
412. H. Ma, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Polymer-Based Optical Waveguide Materials, Processing, and Devices,” Adv. Mater., 14, 1339-65 (2002).
413. P. Rabiei, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Micro-Photonic Polymer Device,” International Optical Communications, 14-6 (Autumn, 2002).
414. X. Jiang, A. K. Y. Jen, B. Carlson, and L. R. Dalton, “Red-Emitting Electroluminescent Devices Based on Osmium-Complexes-Doped Blend of Poly(vinylnaphthalene) and 1,3,4-oxadiazole Derivative,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 81, 3125-7 (2002).
415. J. A. Kornfield, N. A. Clark, L. R. Dalton, S. R. Marder, C. K. Ober, P. Palffy-Muhoray, J. W. Perry, N. Thomas, D. M. Walba, and S.-T. Wu, “New Liquid Crystal Materials Enabling Revolutionary Display Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 4712, 336-49 (2002).
416. B. Carlson, G. D. Phelan, W. Kaminsky, L. R. Dalton, X. Jiang, S. Liu, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Divalent Osium Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Strong Red Phosphorescence and Electrophosphorescence,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 14162-72 (2002).
417. L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, R. Nielsen, A. K. Y. Jen, and W. H. Steier, “Organic Electro-Optics: From Molecules to Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 4798, 1-10 (2002).
418. L. S. Fifield, L. R. Dalton, and G. M. Spinks, “Investigation of the Capacitance Minimum of Unannealed Single-walled Carbon Nanotube Papers in Aqueous Sodium Chloride,” Proc. SPIE, 4807, 232-40 (2002).
419. G. D. Phelan, B. Carlson, X. Jiang, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Organic Light Emitting Diodes Incorporating Nanometer Thick Films of Europium Cored Complexes,” Proc. SPIE, 4809, 179-89 (2002).
420. D. E. Diggs, J. G. Grote, A. A. Davis, C. H. Zhang, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, L. R. Dalton, P. P. Yaney, and F. K. Hopkins, “Materials Characterization for Nonlinear Optic Polymer Waveguide Modulator Design,” Proc. SPIE, 4813, 94-102 (2002).
421. A. K. Y. Jen, J. Luo, H. Ma, S. Liu, L. Liu, M. Haller, T. Sassa, S. H. Kang, and L. R. Dalton, “Nanoscale Tailoring of Dendrimers and Polymers for Photonic and Optoelectronic Applications,” Proc. SPIE, 4798, 21-8 (2002).
422. B. Carlson, X. Jiang, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Organic Light-Emitting Devices Based Upon Divalent Osmium Complexes. II. Design, Fabrication, and Characterization of Osmium Nanoscale Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 4809, 69-78 (2002).
423. P. Rabiei, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Polymer Micro-Ring Filters and Modulators,” J. Lightwave Technology, 20, 1968-75 (2002).
424. D. J. Spells, C. Lindsey, L. R. Dalton, and S. T. Wu, "Synthesis of Terminally Substituted Stilbene-Tolane Liquid Crystals," Liq. Cryst., 29, 1529-32 (2002).
425. G. M. Spinks, G. G. Wallance, L. S. Fifield, L. R. Dalton, A. Mazzoldi, D. De-Rossi, I. I. Khayrullin, and R. H. Baughman, "Pneumatic Carbon Nanotube Actuators," Adv. Mater., 14, 1728-32 (2002).
426. J. G. Grote, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, D. E. Diggs, F. K. Hopkins, P. P. Yaney, C. Zhang, W. H. Steier, M. C. Oh, H. R. Fetterman, A. K. Y. Jen, L. R. Dalton, E. W. Taylor, J. E. Winter, A. D. Sanchez, and D. M. Craig, "Nonlinear Optic Polymer Electro-Optic Modulators for Space Applications," Proc. SPIE, 4823, 6-16 (2002).
427. L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, A. K. Y. Jen, W. H. Steier, and R. Neilsen “Systematic Development of High Bandwidth, Low Drive Voltage Organic Electro-Optic Devices and Their Applications,” Opt. Mater., 21, 19-28 (2003).
428. S. Liu, M. A. Haller, H. Ma, L. R. Dalton, S. H. Jang, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Focused Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 2,5-Dihydrofuran Derivatives as Electron Acceptors for Highly Efficient Nonlinear Optical Chromophores,” Adv. Mater., 15, 603-7 (2003).
429. B. Carlson, G. D. Phelan, X. Jiang, W. Kaminsky, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton “Organic Light Emitting Devices Based Upon Divalent Osmium Complexes: Part 1: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Osmium Complexes,” Proc. SPIE, 4800, 93-104 (2003).
430. G. D. Phelan, B. Carlson, X. Jiang, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Fluorinated Asymmetrical Europium Cored Beta-Diketone Complexes,” Proc. SPIE, 4800, 105-14 (2003).
431. Y. V. Pereverzev, O. V. Prezhdo, and L. R. Dalton, “Structural Origin of the Enhanced Electro-Optic Response of Dendrimeric Systems,” Chem. Phys. Lett., 373, 207-12 (2003).
432. B. Carlson, G. D. Phelan, X. Jiang, W. Kaminsky, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton “Organic Light Emitting Devices Based Upon Divalent Osmium Complexes: Part 1: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Osmium Complexes,” Proc. SPIE, 4800, 93-104 (2003).
433. G. D. Phelan, B. Carlson, X. Jiang, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Containing Fluorinated Asymmetrical Europium Cored Beta-Diketone Complexes,” Proc. SPIE, 4800, 105-14 (2003).
434. L. R. Dalton, “Rational Design of Organic Electro-Optic Materials,” J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, 15, R897-934 (2003).
435. S. H. Kang, J. Luo, H. Ma, R. R. Barto, C. W. Frank, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “A Hyperbranched Aromatic Fluoropolyester for Photonic Applications,” Macromolecules, 36, 4355-9 (2003).
436. L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, R. Nielsen, A. K. Y. Jen, P. Rabiei, and W. H. Steier, “Organic Electro-Optics: Exploiting the Best of Electronics and Photonics,” Proc. SPIE, 4991, 508-19 (2003).
437. J. Luo, S. Liu, M. Haller, H. Li, T. D. Kim, K. S. Kim, H. Z. Tang, S. H. Kang, S. H. Jang, H. Ma, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen “Recent Progress in Developing Highly Efficient Nonlinear Optical Chromophores and Side-Chain Dendronized Polymers for Electro-Optics,” Proc. SPIE, 4991, 520-9 (2003).
438. C. Zhang, H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, L. R. Dalton, and W. H. Steier, “What the Ultimate PolymericElectro-Optic Materials Will Be: Guest-Host, Crosslinked, or Side-Chain,” Proc. SPIE, 4991, 537-51 (2003).
439. L. R. Dalton and D. H. Bale, “Nonlinear Optical Materials,” Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Fifth Addition, published 2007 (available through Wiley, New York).
440. B. Zelelow, G. E. Khalil, G. Phelan, B. Carlson, M. Gouterman, J. B. Callis, and L. R. Dalton, ”Dual Luminophor Pressure Sensitive Paint. II: Lifetime Based Measurement of Pressure and Temperature,” Sensor and Actuator B. Chemical, 96, 304-14 (2003).
441. B. Maune, R. Lawson, C. Gunn, A. Scherer, and L. Dalton, “Electrically Tunable Ring Resonators Incorporating Nematic Liquid Crystals as Cladding Layers,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, 4689-91 (2003).
442. J. Luo, T. D. Kim, H. Ma, S. Liu, S. H. Kang, S. Wong, M. A. Haller, S. H Jang, H. Li, R R. Barto, C. W. Frank, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Nanoscale Architectural Control of Organic Functional Materials for Photonics,” Proc. SPIE, 5224, 104-12 (2003).
443. M. A. Haller, R. Lawson, O. Clot, T. Sherwood, L. Dalton, and A. K. Jen, “Simple Reflection Measurement of Nonlinear Optical Activity Using Silicon as an Electrode,” Proc. SPIE, 5212, 326-331 (2003).
444. J. G. Grote, N. Ogata, J. A. Hagen, E. Heckman, M. J. Curley, P. P. Yaney, M. O. Stone, D. E. Diggs, R. L. Nelson, J. S. Zetts, F. K. Hopkins, and L. R. Dalton, “Dexoyribonucleic Acid (DNA)-Based Nonlinear Optics,” Proc. SPIE, 5211, 53-62 (2003).
445. J. H. Kim, M. S. Liu, A. K. Y. Jen, B. Carlson, L. R. Dalton, C. F. Shu, and R. Dodda, “Bright Red-Emitting Electrophosphorescent Device Using Osmium Complex as a Triplet Emitter,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 83, 776-9 (2003).
446. L. R. Dalton, “Novel Polymer-Based, High-Speed Electro-Optic Devices,” Proceedings 23rd European Conference on Optical Communications/14th International Conference on Integrated Optics and Optical Fibre Communication (2003), vol. 2, pp. 346-9.
447. B. Carlson, G. D. Phelan, J. H. Kim, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Novel Divalent Osmium Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Tuning of Emission and Use in Organic Light Emitting Diodes,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 771, 363-8 (2003).
448. S. Liu, M. A. Haller, J. Luo, S. H. Jang, H. Ma, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, ”Focused Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of 2,5-Dihydrofuran Derivatives as Electron Acceptors for Highly Efficient Nonlinear Optical Chromophores,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 771, 375-80 (2003).
449. L. S. Fifield, A. M. Zipperer, R. H. Baughman, and L. R. Dalton, “Optical Fiber Switch Based on Carbon Nanotube Actuation,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 772, 17-22 (2003).
450. G. Khalil, C. Costin, J. Crafton, S. Grenoble, M. Gouterman, J. Callis, and L. R. Dalton, “Dual Luminophor Pressure Sensitive Paint. I: Ratio of Reference to Sensor Giving a Small Temperature Dependency,” Sensor and Actuator B. Chemical, 97, 13-21 (2004).
451. J. Luo, S. Liu, M. Haller, J. W. Kang, T. D. Kim, S. H. Jiang, B. Chen, N. Tucker, H. Li, H. Z. Tang, L. R. Dalton, Y. Liao, B. H. Robinson, and A. K. Y. Jen, ”Recent Progress in Developing Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Nonlinear Optical Polymers for Electro-Optics,” Proc. SPIE, 5351, 36-43 (2004).
452. L. Dalton, A. Jen, W. Steier, B. Robinson, S. H. Jang, O. Clot, H. C. Song, Y. H. Kuo, C. Zhang, P. Rabiei, S. W. Ahn, and M. C. Oh, “Organic Electro-Optic Materials: Some Unique Opportunities,” Proc. SPIE, 5351, 1-15 (2004).
453. G. E. Khalil, K. Lau, G. D. Phelan, B. Carlson, M. Gouterman, J. G. Callis, and L. R. Dalton, “Europium Beta Diketonate Temperature Sensors: Effects of Ligands, Matrix, and Concentration,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., 75, 192-206 (2004).
454. L. R. Dalton, “Organic Electro-Optic Materials,” Pure and Applied Chemistry, 76, 1421-33 (2004).
455. M. Gouterman, J. Callis, L. R. Dalton, G. Khalil, Y. Mebarki, K. R. Cooper, and M. Grenier, “Dual Luminophore Pressure-Sensitive Paint: III. Application to Automotive Model Testing,” Meas. Sci. Technol., 15, 1986-1994 (2004).
456. J. Luo, M. Haller, H. Ma, S. Liu, T. D. Kim, Y. Tian, B. Chen, S. H. Jang, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Nanoscale Architectural Control and Macromolecular Engineering of Nonlinear Optical Dendrimers and Polymers for Electro-Optics,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 8523-30 (2004).
457. C. L. Young, L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, and A. L. Kwiram, “Proton ENDOR Studies of Soliton Wavefunctions and Dynamics in Polyacetylenes,” J. Phys. Chem B., 108, 8682-88 (2004).
458. L. S. Fifield, L. R. Dalton, G. E. Fryxell, R. S. Addleman, M. H. Engelhard and C. L. Aardahl, “Noncovalent Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes with Molecular Anchors using Supercritical Fluids,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 8737-41 (2004).
459. G. E. Khalil, K. Lau, G. D. Phelan, B. Carlson, M. Gouterman, J. B. Callis, and L. R. Dalton, “Europium beta Diketonate Temperature Sensors: Effects of Ligands, Matrix, and Concentration,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., 75, 192-206 (2004).
460. P. A. Sullivan, S. Bhattacharjee, B. E. Eichinger, K. Firestone, B. H. Robinson, and L. R. Dalton, “Exploration of Series Type Multifuctionalized Nonlinear Optical Chromophore Concept,” Proc. SPIE, 5351, 253-9 (2004).
461. D. M. Casmier, P. A. Sullivan, O. Clot, K. Firestone, S. Lee, S. Heller, A. Brumbaugh, B. Millard, and L. R. Dalton, “New Paradigm in NLO Chromophore Design Through a Gradient Bridge Concept,” Proc. SPIE, 5351, 243-52 (2004).
462. J. G. Grote, J. A. Hagen, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, D. E. Diggs, M. O. Stone, P. P. Yaney, E. Heckman, C. Zhang, W. H. Steier, A. K. Jen, L. R. Dalton, N. Ogata, M. J. Curley, S. J. Clarson, F. K. Hopkins, “Investigation of Polymers and Marine-Derived DNA in Optoelectronics,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 8584-91 (2004).
463. A. Yariv, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, Y. Huang, and G. T. Paloczi, “Fabrication and Replication of Polymer Integrated Optical Devices Using Electron-Beam Lithography and Soft Lithography,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 108, 8606-13 (2004).
464. M. Haller, J. Luo, Hongxian Li, T. D. Kim, Y. Liao, B. Robinson, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “A Novel Lattice-Hardening Process to Achieve Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Nonlinear Optical Polymers,” Macromolecules, 37, 688-90 (2004).
465. L. R. Dalton, “Integrated Optics/Electronics Using Electro-Optic Polymers,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 871, 181-93 (2004).
466. N. Tucker, H. Li, H. Tang, L. R. Dalton, Y. Liao, B. H. Robinson, A. K. Jen, J. Luo, S. Liu, M. Haller, J. Kang, T. Kim, S. Jang and B. Chen, “Recent Progress in Developing Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Nonlinear Optical Polymers for Electro-Optics,” Proc. SPIE, 5351, 36-43 (2004).
467. J. A. Hogan, J. G. Grote, N. Ogata, J. S. Zetts, R. L. Nelson, D. E. Diggs, F. K. Hopkins, P. P. Yaney, L. R. Dalton, and S. J. Clarson, “DNA Photonics,” Proc. SPIE, 5351, 77-86 (2004).
468. I. Shuvalov, R. Lawson, and L. R. Dalton, “Systematic Studies of Organic Thin Film Transistor Improvements,” Proc. SPIE, 5351, 291-7 (2004).
469. Y. V. Pereverzev, O. V. Prezhdo, and L. R. Dalton, “Macroscopic Order and Electro-Optic Response of Dipolar Chromophore-Polymer Materials,” Chem. Phys. Chem., 5, 1-11 (2004).
470. B. Carlson, G. D. Phelan, J. Benedict, W. Kaminsky, and L. R. Dalton, “Crystallography and Luminescence of Divalent Osmium Complexes Green Osmium Emitters and Possible Evidence for d-Orbital Backbonding,” Inorg. Chem. Acta, 357, 3967-74 (2004).
471. K. A. Firestone, P. Reid, R. Lawson, S. H. Jang, and L. R. Dalton, “Advances in Organic Electro-Optic Materials and Processing,” Inorg. Chem. Acta, 357, 3957-66 (2004).
472. J. K. S. Poon, Y. Huang, G. T. Poloczi, A. Yariv, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Wide-Range Tuning of Polymer Microring Resonators by Photobleaching CLD-1 Chromophores,” Opt. Lett., 29, 2584-6 (2004).
473. L. R. Dalton, “Nonlinear Optics – Applications: Electro-Optics, EO”, Encyclopedia of Modern Optics, Vol. 3, ed. R. D. Guenther, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2004, pp. 121-9.
474. A. M. Sinyukov, M. R. Leahy, L. M. Hayden, M. Haller, J. Luo, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Resonance Enhanced THz Generation in Electro-Optic Polymers Near the Absorption Maximum” Appl. Phys. Lett., 85, 5827-9 (2004).
475. L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, A. K. Y. Jen, P. Ried, B. Eichinger, S. H. Jang, J. Luo, S. Liu, Y. Liao, K. Firestone, N. Bhatambrekar, D. Bale, M. Haller, S. Bhattacharjee, J. Schendel, P. Sullivan, S. Hammond, N. Buker, F. Cady, A. Chen, and W. Steier, “Organic Electro-Optic Materials,” Proc. SPIE, 5621, 93-105 (2004).
476. G. D. Phelan, B. Carlson, R. Lawson, D. Rowe, K. Allen, L. R. Dalton, X. Jiang, J. H. Kim, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Synthesis and Design of Organic Light-Emitting Devices Containing Lanthanide Cored Complexes,” Proc. SPIE, 5214, 337-47 (2004).
477. Andrei Honciuc, Archana Jaiswal, A. Gong, K. Ashworth, Charles W. Spangler, Ian R. Peterson, Larry R. Dalton, and Robert M. Metzger, “Current Rectification in a Langmuir-Schaefer Monolayer of Fullerene-bis-[4 diphenylamino-4”-(N-ethyl-N-2’’’-ethyl)-amino-1,4-diphenyl-1,3-butadiene] Malonate between Au Electrodes,” J. Phys. Chem.B, 109, 857-71 (2005).
478. Yi Liao, Bruce E. Eichinger, Kimberly A. Firestone, Marnie Haller, Jingdong Luo, Werner Kaminsky, Jason B. Benedict, Philip J. Reid, Alex K-Y Jen, Larry R. Dalton, Bruce H. Robinson, “Systematic Study of the Structure-Property Relationship of a Series of Ferrocenyl Nonlinear Optical Chromophores”, J. Am. Chem.Soc., 127, 2758-66 (2005).
479. S. E. Soggs, A. Chen, L. R. Dalton, and B. Parviz, “Integration of Electro-Optic Polymer Waveguide Devices with n-Channel FET Control Circuitry on Silicon,” Proc. SPIE, 5730, 125-32 (2005).
480. N. P. Bhatambrekar, A. Pyajt, J. Luo, L. R. Dalton, A. K. Jen, and A. Chen, “A Biased Push-Pull Technique to Achieve Fractional Volt Half-Wave Voltage of Mach-Zehnder Modulators,” Proc. SPIE, 5724, 159-164 (2005).
481. A. Chen, L. R. Dalton, T. J. Sherwood, A. K. Jen. P. Rabiei, W. H. Steier, Y. Huang, G. T. Paloczi, J. K. Poon, A. Scherer, and A. Yariv, “All-Organic and Organic-Silicon Photonic Ring Microresonators”, Proc. SPIE, 5708, 187-197 (2005).
482. J. A. Hagen, J. G. Grote, J. S. Zetts, D. E. Diggs, R. L. Nelson, F. K. Hopkins, P. P. Yaney, A. K. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “Effects of the Electric Field Poling Procedure on Electro-Optic Coefficient for Guest-Host Nonlinear Optic Polymers,” Proc. SPIE, 5724, 217-223 (2005).
483. T. J. Sherwood, A. C. Young, J. Takayesu, A. K. Jen, L. R. Dalton, and A. Chen, “Polymer Ring Resonator Made by Two-Photon Polymerization and Vertically Coupled to a Side-Polished Optical Fiber,” Proc. SPIE, 5724, 356-366 (2005).
484. N. P. Bhatambrekar, S. Hammond, J. Sinness, O. Clot, H. Rommel, A. Chen, B. Robinson, A. K. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “A Novel Approach to Achieve Higher Order Using Pseudo-Discotic Chromophores in Electro-Optic Materials and Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 5724, 322-327 (2005).
485. S. Grenoble, M. Gouterman, G. Khalil, J. Callis, and L. Dalton, “Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP): Concentration Quenching of Platinum and Magnesium Porphyrin Dyes in Polymeric Films,” J. Luminescence, 113, 33-44 (2005).
486. G. E. Khalil, A. Chang, M. Gouterman, J. B. Callis, L. R. Dalton, N. J. Turro, and S. Jockusch, “Oxygen Pressure Measurement Using Singlet Oxygen Emission,” Rev. Sci. Instrum., 76, 54101-1-8 (2005).
487. T. Baehr-Jones, M. Hochberg, G. Wang, R. Lawson, Y. Liao, P. A. Sullivan, L. R. Dalton, A. K. Y. Jen, and A. Scherer, “Optical Modulation and Detection in Slotted Silicon Waveguides,” Optics Express, 13, 5216-26 (2005).
488. Y. Huang, J. K. S. Poon, W. Liang, A. Yariv, C. Zhang, and L. R. Dalton, “Combined Electromagnetic and Photoreaction Modeling of CLD-1 Photobleaching in Polymer Microring Resonators,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 87, 0711081-3 (2005).
489. T. Sherwood, A. C. Young, J. Takayesu, A. K.Y. Jen, L. R. Dalton, and A. Chen, “Microresonator on Side-Polished Optical Fiber,” Photonics Technology Letters, 17, 2107-2109 (2005).
490. L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, A. K. Y. Jen, P. Reid, B. Eichinger, P. Sullivan, A. Akelaitis, D. Bale, M. Haller, J. Luo, S. Liu, Y. Liao, K. Firestone, N. Bhatambrekar, S. Bhattacharjee, J. Sinness, S. Hammond, N. Buker, R. Snoeberger, M. Lingwood, H. Rommel, J. Amend, S. H. Jang, A. Chen, and W. Steier, “Electro-Optic Coefficient of 500 pm/V and Beyond for Organic Materials,” Proc. SPIE, 5935, 593501-12 (2005).
491. A. Jen, J. Luo, T. D. Kim, B. Chen, S. H. Jang, J. W. Kang, N. M. Tucker, S. Hau, Y. Tian, J. W. Ka, M. Haller, Y. Liao, B. Robinson, L. Dalton, and W. Herman, ”Exceptional Electro-Optic Properties Through Molecular Design and Controlled Self-Assembly,” Proc. SPIE, 5935, 5935061-13 (2005).
492. A. Pyajt, L. R. Dalton, and A. Chen, “Novel Wavelength Selective Switch Based on Electro-Optic Polymer Microrings,” Proc SPIE, 5935, 59350W1-14 (2005).
493. K. A Firestone, D. Bale, Y. Liao, D. M. Casmier, O. Clot, L. R. Dalton, and P. J. Reid, “Frequency-Agile Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering Studies of Electro-Optic Chromophores,” Proc. SPIE, 5935, 59350P1-9 (2005).
494. L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, A. K. Y. Jen, P. Reid, B. Eichinger, P. Sullivan, A. Akelaitis, D. Bale, M. Haller, J. Luo, S. Liu, Y. Liao, K. Firestone, N. Bhatambrekar, S. Bhattacharjee, J. Sinness, S. Hammond, N. Buker, R. Snoeberger, M. Lingwood, H. Rommel, J. Amend, S. H. Jang, A. Chen, and W. Steier, “Acentric Lattice Electro-Optic Materials by Rational Design,” Proc. SPIE, 5912, 43-54 (2005).
495. L. R. Dalton, A. Scherer, A. Chen, A. Jen, P. Ried, B. Robinson, B. Eichinger, M. Hochberg, T. Baehr-Jones, A. Pyajt, J. Takayesu, P. Sullivan, A. Akelaitis, R. Larson, D. Bale, M. Haller, J. Luo, S. Liu, Y. Liao, K. Firestone, S. Bhattacharjee, J. Sinness, S. Hammond, A. Sago, N. Buker, R. Snoeberger, M. Lingwood, and W. Steier, “Organic electro-optic glasses for WDM applications,” Proc. SPIE, 6014, 60140P-1-15 (2005).
496. C. Zhang, S. S. Sun, C. E. Bonner, S. Kim, H. R. Fetterman, and L. R. Dalton, “Polymer Materials for Electro-Optic and Optoelectronic Applications: Maximizing Device Performances by Creating Desirable Intermolecular Electrostatic Interactions,” Proc. SPIE, 6020, 6020071-7 (2005).
497. L. Dalton, B. Robinson, A. Jen, P. Ried, B. Eichinger, P. Sullivan, A. Akelaitis, D. Bale, M. Haller, J. Luo, S. Liu, Y. Liao, K. Firestone, A. Sago, N. Bhatambrekar, S. Bhattacharjee, J. Sinness, S. Hammond, N. Buker, R. Snoeberger, M. Lingwood, H. Rommel, J. Amend, S. H. Jang, A. Chen, and W. Steier, “Optimizing electro-optic activity in chromophore/polymer composites and in organic chromophore glasses,” Proc. SPIE, 5990, 59000C-1-10 (2005).
498. A. Chen, H. Sun, A. Pyayt, A. C. Young, A. K. Y. Jen, J. Takayesu, and L. R. Dalton, “Micro Resonators on Side-Polished Fiber – A Potential Fiber Optic Sensor Platform,” IEEE Sensors, 735-738 (2005).
499. N. P. Bhatambrekar, L. R. Dalton, J. Luo, A. K. Y. Jen, and A. Chen, ”Third Order Nonlinearity Contribution to Electro-Optic Activity in Polymer Materials in a Constant DC Bias Field,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 88, 041115-1 to 041115-3 (2005).
500. M. Chanderari, G. Khalil, F. Kimura, A. Chin, W. Shinoki, M. Gouterman, J. Callis, L. R. Dalton, and R. Wan, “Continuous Underground Monitoring of Gas Leaks,” Research in Nondestructive Evaluation (American Society for Nondestructive Testing), 16, 119-30 (2005).
501. James G. Grote, Darnell E. Diggs, Robert L. Nelson, John S. Zetts, F. Kenneth Hopkins, Naoya Ogata, Joshua A. Hagen, Emily Heckman, Perry P. Yaney, Morley O. Stone, and Larry R. Dalton, “DNA photonics [deoxyribonucleic acid],” Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst., 426, 3-17 (2005).
502. Ivan Shuvalov, Rhys Lawson, Hong Ma, Alex K. Jen, and Larry R. Dalton, “Self-assembled monolayer modifications of organic thin film transistors,” Proc. SPIE, 5592, 437-42 (2005).
503. Nicholas Buker, Kimberly A Firestone, Marnie Haller, Lafe Purvis, David Lao, Robert Snoeberger, Alex K. Y. Jen, and Larry R. Dalton, “Functionalized guanidines for electro-optic materials,” Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 846, 107-14 (2005).
504. Min Ju Cho, Ja Youn Kim, Jae Hong Kim, Seung Hwan Lee, Larry R. Dalton, and Dong Hoon Choi, “Heterocyclic nonlinear optical chromophores composed of phenothiazine or carbazole donor and 2-cyanomethylene-3-cyano-4,5,5-trimethyl-2,5-dihydrofuran acceptor,” Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 26, 77-84 (2005).
505. P. M. Wallace, D. R. B. Sluss, L. R. Dalton, B. H. Robinson, and P. J. Reid, “Single-Molecule Microscopy Studies of Electric-Field Poling in Chromophore-Polymer Composite Materials,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 110 (1), 75-82 (2006), web release date: December 13, 2005.
506. P. A. Sullivan, A. J. P. Akelaitis, S. K. Lee, G. McGrew, S. K. Lee, D. H. Choi, and L. R. Dalton, “"Novel Dendritic Chromophores For Electro-optics: Influence of Binding Mode and Attachment Flexibility on EO Behavior", Chem. Mater., 18 (2), 344-351 (2006), web release date: December 21, 2005.
507. Yi Liao, Kimberly A. Firestone, Sanchali Bhattacharjee, Jingdong Luo, Marnie Haller, Steven Hau, Cyrus A. Anderson, David Lao, Bruce E. Eichinger, Bruce H. Robinson, Philip J. Reid, Alex K. Y. Jen, and Larry R. Dalton, “Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Macrocyclic Trichromophore Bundle with Parallel-Aligned Dipole Moments,” J. Phys. Chem. B, 110 (11), 5434-5438 (2006), web release date: March 3, 2006.
508. Yi Liao, Cyrus A. Anderson, Philip A. Sullivan, Andrew J. P. Akelaitis, Bruce H. Robinson, and Larry R. Dalton, ”Electro-Optical Properties of Polymers Containing Alternating Nonlinear Optical Chromophores and Bulky Spacers,” Chem. Mater., 18 (4), 1062-1067 (2006), web release date: January 28, 2006.
509. B. Carlson, G. D. Phelan, J. B. Benedict, W. Kaminsky, and L. R. Dalton, “Crystal structures and luminescence properties of osmium complexes of cis-1,2-vinylenebis(diphenylarsine) and pyridyl ligands. Possible evidence for metal d, ligand d backbonding,” Inorg. Chim. Acta, 359, 1093-1102 (2006).
510. F. Kimura, G. Khalil, N. Zettsu, Y. Xia, J. Callis, M. Gouterman, L. Dalton, D. Dabin, and M. Rodriguez, “Dual Luminophore Polystyrene Microspheres for Pressure-Sensitive Luminescent Imaging,” Meas. Sci. Technol., 17, 1254-1260 (2006).
511. Y. Liao, S. Bhattacharjee, K. A. Firestone, B. E. Eichinger, R. Paranji, C. A. Anderson, B. H. Robinson, P. J. Reid, and L. R. Dalton “Antiparallel-Aligned Neutral-Ground State and Zwitterionic Chromophores as a Nonlinear Optical Material,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128 (21), 6847- 6853 (2006), web release date: May 6, 2006.
512. R. J. Michalak, Y. H. Kuo, F. D. Nash, A. Szep, J. R. Caffey, P. M. Payson, F. Haas, B. McKeon, P. Cook, G. Brost, J. Luo, A. K. Y. Jen, and L. R. Dalton, “High Speed AJL8/APC Polymer Modulator,” IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett., 18, 2107-9 (2006).
513. H. Sun, A. Pyajt, J. Luo, Z. Shi, S. Hau, A. Jen, L. R. Dalton, and A. Chen, “Broadband Electric Field Sensor with Electro-Optic Polymer Micro-Ring Resonator on Side-Polished Optical Fiber,” Proc. SPIE, 6117, 611713 1-12 (2006).
514. S. H. Jang, J. Luo, N. M. Tucker, A. Leclercq, E. Zojer, M. A. Haller, T. D. Kim, J. W. Kang, K. Firestone, D. Bale, D. Lao, J. B. Benedict, D. Cohen, W. Kaminsky, B. Kahr, J. L. Bredas, P. Reid, L. R. Dalton, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Pyrroline Chromophores for Electro-Optics,” Chem. Mater., 18, 2982-8 (2006).
515. L. R. Dalton, “Organic Electro-Optic Materials,” in Handbook of Conducting Polymers, T. Skotheim and J. Reynolds, eds. (CRC Press/Marcel Dekkar, Boca Raton, 2006) Chap. 6, pp. 229-267.
516. N Peyghambarian, L. Dalton, A. K. Y. Jen, B. Kippelen, S. R. Marder, R. Norwood, and J. W. Perry, ”Recent Advances in Organic Nonlinear Optics,” Laser Focus World, 43, 85-92 (2006).
517. Michael Hochberg, Tom Baehr-Jones, Guangxi Wang, Jason Parker, Katherine Harvard, Jingdong Liu, Baoquan Chen, Zhengwei Shi, Rhys Lawson, Phil Sullivan, Alex K. Y. Jen, Larry Dalton, Axel Scherer, “All Optical Modulator in Silicon with Terahertz Bandwidth,” Nature Materials, 5, 703-709 (2006).
518. L. R. Dalton, A. K. Y. Jen, P. Sullivan, B. Eichinger, B. H. Robinson, and A. Chen, “Theoretically-Inspired Rational Design of Electro-Optic Materials,” Nonlinear Optics and Quantum Optics, 35, 1-19 (2006).
519. J. Westphal, A. Chen, N. Burt, L. Lin, L. Dalton, J. Luo, A. K. Y. Jen, “Pulse Poling of High Performance Nonlinear Chromophores in Polymers,” Proc. SPIE, 6331, 6331OH1-11 (2006).
520. L. R. Dalton, Y. Liao, P. Sullivan, and B. H. Robinson, “Theoretically-Inspired Nanoengineering of Complex Photonic Media,” Proc. SPIE, 6320, 63200G1-7 (2006).
521. A. Akelaitis, P. Sullivan, J. Sinness, S. Hammond, Y. Liao, R. Lawson, J. Takayesu, B. Eichinger, H. Rommel, B. Robinson, and L. R. Dalton, “Recent Advances in Organic Electro-Optic Materials for Ring Micro-resonators and Optical Modulation,” Proc. SPIE, 6101, 61010S1-6 (2006).
522. P. J. Reid, P. M. Wallace, D. R. B. Sluss, L. R. Dalton, and B. H. Robinson, “Single-Molecule Microscopy Studies of Electric-Field Poling in Chromophore-Polymer Composite Materials,” Proc. SPIE, 6331, 63310K1-8 (2006).
523. J. Zhou, A. Pyayt, L. Dalton, J. Luo, A. Jen, and A. Chen, “Photobleaching Fabrication of Microring Resonator in a Chromophore Containing Polymer, Photonic Technology Letters, 18, 2221-3 (2006).
524. L. R. Dalton, P. Sullivan, and A. K. Y. Jen, “Second and Third Order Nonlinear Optical Materials,” Handbook of Photonics, 2nd Edition, M. C. Gupta and J. Ballato, eds. (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2006).
525. T. L. Kinnibrugh, T. V. Timofeeva, O. Clot, A. Akelaitis, and L. R. Dalton, “A non-linear optical chromophore: 2-[3-cyano-4-((E)-{5-[4-(diethylamino)styrl]thiophen-2-yl}vinyl)-5,5-dimethylfuran-2-(5H)-ylidene]propanedinitrile,” Acta Cyrst., E62, o4804-o4806 (2006).
526. M. J. Cho, S. K. Lee, J. I. Jin, D. H. Choi, and L. R. Dalton, “Electro-Optic Property of Chromophore-Terminated Trifunctional Dendrimer in a Guest-Host System,” Thin Solid Films, 515, 2303-9 (2006).
527. T. D. Kim, J. W. Kang, J. Luo, S. H. Jang, J. W. Ka, N. Tucker, J. B. Benedict, L. R. Dalton, T. Gray, R. M. Overney, D. H. Park, W. N. Herman and A. K.-Y. Jen, “Ultralarge and Thermally Stable Electro-Optic Activities from Supramolecular Self-Assembled Molecular Glasses,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 129 (3), 488-489 (2007), web release date: January 3, 2007.
528. C. M. Ishorn, A. Lerlercq, F. D. Vila, L. R. Dalton, J. L. Bredas, B. E. Eichinger, and B. H. Robinson, “Comparison of Static First Hyperpolarizabilities Calculated with Various Quantum Mechanical Methods,” J. Phys. Chem. A, 111 (7), 1319-1327 (2007).
529. G. E. Khalil, E. K. Thompson, M. Gouterman, J. B. Callis, L. R. Dalton, N. J. Turro, and S. Jockusch, “NIR Luminescence of Gadolinium Porphyrin Complex,” Chem. Phys. Lett., 435, 45-9 (2007).
530. Y. J. Cheng, J. Luo, S. Hau, D. H. Bale, T. D. Kim, Z. Shi, D. B. Lao, N. M. Tucker, Y. Tian,P. J. Reid, L. R. Dalton, and A. K-Y. Jen, “Large Electro-Optic Activity and Enhanced Thermal Stability from Diarylaminophenyl-containing High-b Nonlinear Optical Chromophores,” Chem. Mater., 19(5), 1154-63 (2007).
531. S. K. Lee, M. J. Cho, G. W. Kim, W. G. Jun, J. I. Jin, L. R. Dalton, and D. H. Choi, “Electro-optic Properties of Novel Heterocyclic Gradient Bridge Chromophores in Amorphous Polycarbonate,” Opt. Mater., 29, 451-456 (2007).
532. H. Sun, A. Pyajt, J. Luo, Z. Shi, S. Hau, A. K. Y. Jen, L. R. Dalton, and A. Chen, “All-Dielectric Electrooptic Sensor Based on a Polymer Microresonator Coupled Side-Polished Optical Fiber,” IEEE Sensors Journal, 7 (4), 515-24 (2007).
533. Anna Pyayt, Jun Zhou, Antao Chen, Jingdong Luo, Steven Hau, Alex Jen, and Larry Dalton, “Electro-optic polymer microring resonators made by photobleaching”, Proc. SPIE, 6470, 64700Y-1-7 (2007).
534. T. D. Kim, Z. Shi, J. Luo, S. H. Jang, Y. J. Cheng, X. Zhou, S. Huang, L. R. Dalton, W. Herman, and A. K. Y. Jen, “New Paradigm for Ultrahigh Electro-Optic Activity: Through Supramolecular Self-Assembly and Novel Lattice Hardening,” Proc. SPIE, 6470, 64700D-1-14 (2007).
535. Anna Pyayt, Xuanqi Zhang, Jingdong Luo, Alex Jen, Larry Dalton, and Antao Chen, “Optical micro-resonator chemical sensor,” Proc. SPIE, 6556, 65561D1-6 (2007).
536. P. A. Sullivan, H. Rommel, Y. Liao, B. C. Olbricht, A. J. P. Akelaitis, K. A. Firestone, J. W. Kang, J. Luo, D. H. Choi, B. E. Eichinger, P. J. Reid, A. Chen, A. K. Y. Jen, B. H. Robinson, and L. R. Dalton, “Theory Guided Design and Synthesis of Multi-chromophore Dendrimers and Computational Investigation of the Origins of Their Improved Electro-Optic Activity,” J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 129 (24), 7523-30 (2007), web release date: May 25, 2007.
537. Michael Hochberg, Tom Baehr-Jones, Guangxi Wang, J. Huang, Phil Sullivan, Larry Dalton, and Axel Scherer, “Toward a millivolt optical modulator with nano-slot waveguides”, Optics Express, 15(13), 8401-10 (2007).
538. P. A. Sullivan, B. C. Olbricht, A. J. P. Akelaitis, A. A. Mistry, Y. Liao, and L. R. Dalton, “Tri-component Diels-Alder Polymerized Dendrimer Glass Exhibiting Large, Thermally Stable, Electro-optic Activity,” J. Mater. Chem., 17, 2899-903 (2007).
539. L. R. Dalton, P. A. Sullivan, B. C. Olbricht, Y. Takimoto, J. J. Rehr, B. E. Eichinger, A. A. Mistry, D. Bale, H. Rommel, and B. Robinson, “Organic Electro-optic/Silicon Photonic Materials and Devices,” Proc. SPIE, 6638, 663801-9 (2007).
540. Z. Zhou, A. Chen, J. Zhang, L. M. Zurk, B. Orlowski, E. Thorsos, D. Winebrenner, and L. R. Dalton, “Impacts of terahertz scattering on the reflection spectrum for explosive detection,” Proc. SPIE, 6772, 67720T1-7 (2007).
541. L. R. Dalton, P. Sullivan, D. Bale, S. Hammond, B. Olbricht, H. Rommel, B. Eichinger, and B. H. Robinson, “Organic Photonic Materials,” in Tutorials in Complex Photonic Media, SPIE, Bellingham, WA (2007).
542. D. Rezzonico, M. Jazbinsek, C. Bosshard, P. Gunter, D. H. Bale, Y. Liao, L. R. Dalton, and P. J. Reid, “Photostability Studies of pi-Conjugated Chromophores with Resonant and Nonresonant Excitation,” J. Opt. Soc. Amer. B, 24, 2199-2207 (2007).
543. Z. Shi, S. Hau, J. Luo, T. D. Kim, N. M. Tucker, J. W. Ka, H. Sun, A. Pyajt, L. R. Dalton, A. Chen, and A. K-Y. Jen, “Highly Efficient Diels-Alder Crosslinkable Electro-Optic Dendrimers for Electric-Field Sensors,” Adv. Funct. Mater., 17, 2557-63 (2007).
544. H. Sun, A. Pyajt, J. Luo, Z. Shi, S. Hau, A. K. Y. Jen, L. R. Dalton, and A. Chen, “All-Dielectric Electrooptic Sensor Based on a Polymer Microresonator Coupled Side-Polished Optical Fiber,” IEEE Sensors Journal, 7, 515-24 (2007).
545. P. A. Sullivan and L. R. Dalton, “Second and third order nonlinear optical materials and devices,” in Nonlinear Optics and Applications, ed. H. A. Abedeldayem and D. O. Frazier, (Research Signposts, Kerala, India), Chap. 1, pp. 1-30.
546. L. R. Dalton, P. A. Sullivan, D. H. Bale, and B. C. Olbricht, “Theory-Inspired Nano-Engineering of Photonic and Electronic Materials: Noncentrosymmetric Charge-Transfer Electro-Optic Materials,” Solid State Electronics, 51, 1263-77 (2007).
