 |
Workshop: Innovation in Urban Freight
February 6-7, 2012
Seattle, Washington, USA |
|
|
|
Workshop
Presentations
Urban
Goods and Smart Growth Literature Review [PPT]
Erica
J Wygonik, PhD Candidate, Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, University of Washington
[Abstract] While
recent urban planning efforts have focused on the management of growth
into developed areas, the research community has not examined the
impacts of these development patterns on urban goods movement.
Successful implementation of growth strategies has multiple
environmental and social benefits but also raises the demand for
intraurban goods movement, potentially increasing conflicts between
modes of travel and worsening air quality. Because urban goods movement
is critical for economic vitality, understanding the relationship
between smart growth and goods movement is necessary to develop
appropriate policies.
This paper reviews the academic literature and summarizes the results
of guided interviews to identify the existing gaps in the state of
knowledge and suggest important future research topics in five
sub-areas of smart growth related to goods movement: 1) access,
parking, and loading zones; 2) road channelization, bicycle, and
pedestrian facilities; 3) land use; 4) logistics; and 5) network system
management.
|
Keeping
Things Moving
Barb
Ivanov,
Co-Director Freight Systems Division, Washington State Department of
Transportation [PPT]
Cristina
Van Valkenburgh,
Mobility Programs Manager, Seattle Department of Transportation, Policy
and Planning Division [PPT]
Bari
Bookout,
Director of Commercial Strategy, Port of Seattle [PPT]
|
Microsimulating
Truck Emissions and Population Exposure [PPT]
Glareh
Amirjamshidi, PhD Candidate, Dept. of Civil Engineering,
University of Toronto,
Canada, M5S 1A4
[Abstract] Air
pollution is a major health issue for Ontarians, especially those
living adjacent to congested freeways in the City of Toronto. This
research builds an integrated tool that models traffic at the
individual vehicle level, estimates individual link emissions from
on-road vehicle sources, estimates how those emissions are dispersed
through the atmosphere; and finally estimates the exposed population at
times of peak emissions. The study shows that within the study area,
emissions are highest on the high capacity roadways, and higher in the
peak direction of traffic. However, pollution concentrations at zone
centroids are still within recommended levels by Environment Canada.
The modelling system is also used to evaluate scenarios showing
significant NOx and HC reduction when medium duty diesel trucks are
converted to low emission vehicles. This integrated model is a
promising tool for assessing the impacts of new technologies and
scenarios on network emissions.
|
Urban
Freight Transport Policies in Rome: Lessons Learned and the Road Ahead
[PPT]
Agostino
Nuzzolo,
Department of Enterprise Engineering, Tor Vergata Univerasity of Rome,
Italy, EU
Antonio
Comi,
Department of Enterprise Engineering, Tor Vergata Univerasity of Rome,
Italy, EU
[Abstract]
The paper, starting from the analyses of the city logistics policies
and of the methodologies for their assessment, focuses on actions
implemented in the inner area of Rome in the last ten years in order to
improve the city livability and the freight distribution. The paper
also provides an insight on the effectiveness of such a regulation. The
evaluation is based on data collected in 1999 and 2008 and on the use
of a modeling system that supports the definition of forthcoming
actions.
|
The
GAZ project: Achieving More Energy Efficient and Environmental Friendly
Freight Transport in Cities [PPT]
Tomas
Levin,
SINTEF Technology and Society, Trondheim, Norway
Trond
Foss,
SINTEF Technology and Society, Trondheim, Norway
Terje
Tretvik,
SINTEF Technology and Society, Trondheim, Norway
[Abstract]
Freight delivery is vital service
to urban areas, but the delivery of goods also has negative
consequences for citizens and the climate. Atmospheric emissions, noise
and resuspension of dust are all negative impacts associated with
freight transport. Reducing the amount of freight could reduce negative
impacts, but this will also have a negative impact on urban city
centres. Thus the question is: Is it possible to move the same amount
of goods and still reduce the negative impacts associated with the
transports? In the Green Activity Zones (GAZ) project this is studied
in the context of existing low emission zones and utilization of
vehicle technology to report emissions to enhance environmental
performance. For the GAZ project to succeed it is crucial to understand
vehicle emissions, identify actors that can contribute to more climate
and environmentally friendly behaviour and finally understand the
mechanisms to induce the wanted behaviour.
|
Challenges
of Moving Freight in Urban Environment
John
Creighton,
Commissioner, Port of Seattle [PPT]
Xiaoling
Huang, Dalian
Maritime University, Dalian, China [PPT]
Terry
Finn,
Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad [PPT]
|
Waste
Reverse Collection Management in Tainan
Cheng-Chang Lin,
Professor, National Cheng Kung University [PPT]
[Abstract]
Municipal solid waste is a waste type consisting of everyday items
residents consume and discard. It composes various categories which are
kitchen/food, yard, recyclables, appliances/furniture, and garbage from
residential, commercial, institutional, and industrial sources, but
does not include industrial wastes, agricultural wastes, and sewage
sludge. The solid waste management is to systematic control of waste
generation, waste handling and separation at the source, collection,
separation and processing of solid waste, transport, disposal, and
energy generation. The waste reduction is the most preferred management
technique, followed by reuse and recycling, then incineration with
energy recovery, and least preferred landfilling. However, the freight
transport planning for solid waste is an integrated function of
municipal solid waste management. It is to design an infrastructure of
processing facilities and disposal sites in the strategic level,
acquire and maintain a fleet of collection trucks in the tactical
level, and determine the waste collection truck routing and scheduling
in the operational level with the goals of no harm to the environments
and the most cost effective. Our research scope is to study an
integrated fleet composition tactical and collection routing and
scheduling operational plan. The planning process involves not only the
functional dimension of tactical and operational decisions, but also
the institutional dimension of share responsibility of government,
commercial, institutional and industrial sources. It requires public
and private cooperative initiatives. First, we studied the freight
operations plan for residential source. Subsequently, we studied the
operations sensitivity on institution responsibility sharing. In this
study, we used Tainan city for our numerical testing.
|
Creative Solutions to Planned
Conflict: Functional Classification, Freight, and Urban Form
[PPT]
Nicholas
Fortey,
Federal Highway Administration, Salem, Oregon,
Deborah
Redman,
Metro, Portland, Oregon
[Abstract] Functional classification, the designation of roads into a
hierarchy based on design and operation has long been a mainstay of
transportation planning practice. Most urban areas in the United States
have adopted the Federal Highway Administration functional
classification guidelines. These guidelines roughly divide streets by
their place on a continuum of providing land access and traffic
mobility, creating three broad categories of local streets, collectors,
and arterials. These guideline shave not been updated in over two
decades, despite significant changes in approaches to street design.
Recent years have seen the rise in interest of context sensitive
design, which aims to better link roadway design to the landscape and
by so doing to preserve and enhance historic and scenic values and
enhance a community’s sense of place. While several urban areas
explored more finely grained approaches to roadway classification which
more explicitly emphasize the existing and proposed land use patterns
and desired operation of the roadway, the basic framework of the
functional classification system remained unchanged resulting from a
widely held belief that the existing classification and design
guidelines were sufficiently flexible to allow the necessary creativity
to modify roadway designs without reducing safety.
While there has been substantial discussion of accommodating flexible
design with the existing classification system, this discussion has
only peripherally involved the need to consider truck operations. More
important, there has been very little discussion about an equally
vexing problem of accommodating trucks through street classification
hierarchies. The case of freight street classification is a more
complex one than traditional hierarchy (even for multimodal facilities)
due to the different freight service needs of various land parcels, the
need to provide through-routes for trucks, the greater distance
associated with out-of-direction travel due to higher geometric
requirements, and the complex interactions of the
land-transportation-economy triad relationship that makes predicting
future freight demand difficult. Adding to these design and functional
conundrums is the growing conflict between existing development
patterns, traffic calming and livability solutions on one hand, and the
need to plan for over-dimensional truck access through an unimpeded
"envelope."
This paper provides background on the federal functional classification
guidelines and specifically the National Network and National Highway
System designation process and indicates how planning discrepancies can
occur in street classification. Indeed, the antiquated hierarchy and
regulatory approach does not adequately reflect the current planning
complexities that urban areas find themselves involved with on a
project and regional planning basis. Using the Portland metro area as a
case study, the paper makes the case for the need for a more flexible
approach to truck route designation to better accommodate freight and
livability needs. This paper will identify areas where passionate
stakeholders may be able to find common ground on these contentious and
complex issues, including fair funding, safe and practical design,
actual implementation, and economic vitality.
|
Challenges
of Data and Modeling [PPT]
Matthew J. Roorda, Associate
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, University
of Toronto, Canada |
Freight
Trends and Urban Implications [PPT]
Joe Bryan, PB
Freight & Logistics |
|
|