October 7, 2020
An In-Depth Investigation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Administration of two inoculations of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was evaluated as safe and immunogenic in a phase I study in China. A double-blinded trial randomly assigned 192 healthy adults to receive one of the three doses of the vaccine or the placebo at an interval of 14 days or 28 days….
Lilly Provides Comprehensive Update on Progress of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Programs
[Press release, not peer-reviewed] A combination of two monoclonal antibodies showed evidence of efficacy for treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase 2 trial (BLAZE-1 trial) showed that combination therapy with two of Lilly’s SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies (LY-CoV555 and LY-CoV016) administered to patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 (112 received antibody, 156 received placebo) reduced viral…
Efficacy of Face Masks Neck Gaiters and Face Shields for Reducing the Expulsion of Simulated Cough-Generated Aerosols
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Face coverings were found to be more effective than face shields at blocking the small aerosol particles propelled by a cough aerosol simulator. The efficacy of blocking aerosols was 99% with an N95 respirator, 59% with a procedure mask, 51% with a 3-ply cloth face mask, 47% with a polyester neck gaiter…
Comparing Associations of State Reopening Strategies with COVID-19 Burden
Comparing trends in COVID-19 cases over time between states with differing approaches to mask mandates indicates that mask use and other mitigation measures can counteract increases in COVID-19 cases and deaths in response to reopening of businesses. Based on a interrupted time series quasi-experimental study, in states that reopened indoor dining rooms before implementing a…
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report Oct. 7, 2020
The BLAZE-1 clinical trial found that a combination of two monoclonal antibodies showed evidence of efficacy for treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19. These findings are based on a press release and have not been peer reviewed.
October 6, 2020
The Relationship between Neighborhood Poverty and COVID-19 Mortality within Racial/ethnic Groups (Cook County Illinois)
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Using census and individual-level mortality data in Cook County, IL, Feldman et al. found that racial/ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 mortality are only partly attributable to differences in socioeconomic position. Among those in the highest-poverty quartile, Black and Hispanic/Latinx young people shared similar mortality rates with white young people, while in the…
Comparing Clinical Characteristics of Influenza and Common Coronavirus Infections Using Electronic Health Records
In analyzing clinical characteristics of 52,833 patients, common coronaviruses (229E, HKU1, NL63, OC43) were associated with a higher risk of death or pneumonia compared to influenza (A and B). While ICU admission rates were similar, patients with coronavirus infections had significantly more pneumonia (15% vs 7%, p<0.001) and a higher death rate at 30 days…
Current State of Mass Vaccination Preparedness and Operational Challenges in the United States, 2018- 2019
Interviews from public health and preparedness officials representing 33 jurisdictions across the US reveal that most jurisdictions were not capable of or had not planned for implementation of rapid mass vaccination within a short period of time. Key barriers include an insufficient number of qualified personnel to administer vaccinations, increased patient load, cold chain logistical…
Prevalence, Management, and Outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in Older People and Those with Dementia in Mental Health Wards in London, UK: A Retrospective Observational Study
A retrospective observational study conducted in London, UK from March 1 to April 30 (n=344) found that people in psychiatric inpatient settings who were admitted without known SARS-CoV-2 infection had a high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality compared to the general population. The authors calculated a period prevalence of 38%, of which 12% were…
A Prospective Study of Neurologic Disorders in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients in New York City
A prospective multi-center observational study of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in New York City (n=4,491) found that 14% of patients developed a new neurological disorder at a median of 2 days after COVID-19 symptom onset, which was also associated with increased adjusted risk of in-hospital mortality and decreased likelihood of hospital discharge. The most common diagnoses…
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