October 1, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence among a Southern U.S. Population Indicates Limited Asymptomatic Spread under Physical Distancing Measures
The seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG among people accessing health care for reasons other than COVID-19 symptoms in a low-density, suburban and rural population in North Carolina was 0.8% (24 of 2973) of outpatients and 0.7% (10 of 1449) of inpatients. Participants were sampled between March and June 2020, when state restrictions and physical distancing mandates…
Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 in Two Indian States
SARS-CoV-2 contact investigations in two Indian states showed a younger age distribution of COVID-19 cases and deaths than has been previously reported in the United States, and these differences are not attributed to underlying age differences in the general population. Among 575,071 contacts exposed to 84,965 confirmed cases, the secondary attack rate ranged from 5%…
The Emotional Path to Action: Empathy Promotes Physical Distancing and Wearing of Face Masks During the COVID-19 Pandemic
The emotion of empathy was linked to physical distancing and wearing face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic among participants in the US, UK, and Germany. In June 2020, 1526 participants were randomized to (1) read an informative text about coronavirus [information only]; (2) read informative text about an immunocompromised woman with COVID-19 [information and empathy];…
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report Oct. 1, 2020
SARS-CoV-2 contact investigations in two Indian states showed the distribution of COVID-19 cases and deaths was younger than previously observed in the US, and is not explained by differences in underlying age of the populations. Risk of infection was higher among similar-age contacts, and most contacts who tested positive were exposed to an index case aged 20-44 years.
September 30, 2020
The Potential Contribution of Face Coverings to the Control of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Schools and Broader Society in the UK a Modelling Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A modeling study shows that adoption of masks in secondary schools and community settings under current test-trace-isolate (TTI) levels could reduce the size of a second wave in the UK but not prevent it. Under current tracing levels, and at effective mask coverage of 30%, 46% of those with symptomatic infection would…
COVID-19 among People Experiencing Homelessness in England: A Modelling Study
A modeling study found that continuing measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection among people experiencing homelessness would result in a small projected number of cases and deaths (1754 infections, 31 deaths) in the context of a second wave of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population (June 2020 to January 2021). However, in a scenario with no…
Comparison of Infection Control Strategies to Reduce COVID-19 Outbreaks in Homeless Shelters in the United States a Simulation Study
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A microsimulation model calibrated to PCR data from outbreaks in 5 homeless shelters found that while infection control strategies can prevent outbreaks in low-risk settings, they may be unlikely to do so in high-risk settings. The model found that in shelters with low (R0 = 1.5), moderate (R0 = 2.9), and high…
Maternal Mental Health and Coping during the COVID‐19 Lockdown in the UK: Data from the COVID‐19 New Mum Study
Among surveyed women living in the UK with an infant aged ≤12 months (n=1,329), a majority reported feeling down (56%), lonely (59%), irritable (62%), and worried (71%) since the beginning of lockdown, but 70% felt able to cope. Having support with her own health, contacting infant support groups, and higher gestational age of the infant…
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Levels in Relation to Risk Factors for COVID-19 in Two Large Cohorts of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Male sex, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and biomarker indicators of biological aging were associated with higher levels of soluble angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (sACE2) among two international cohorts of elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. Higher levels of sACE2 could reflect a higher cellular expression of ACE2, a cellular receptor by which SARS-CoV-2 enters human cells, and thus…
Risk Factors, Presentation, and Course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Large, Academic Long-Term Care Facility
Nearly half (46%) of the 146 out of 389 residents of a long-term care facility who were diagnosed with COVID-19 were asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of universal testing rather than symptom-based testing to control outbreaks. Anorexia and delirium where the most common symptoms during the course of illness. Male sex…
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