Article Summary
January 8, 2021
Opening of Large Institutions of Higher Education and County-Level COVID-19 Incidence — United States, July 6–September 17, 2020
US counties with large colleges or universities operating with remote instruction (n=22) experienced an 18% decrease in incidence of SARS-CoV-2, while university counties with in-person instruction (n=79) experienced a 56% increase in incidence, comparing the 21-day periods before and after classes started. Counties without large colleges or universities (n=3,009) experienced a 6% decrease in incidence…
Rates of COVID-19 Among Residents and Staff Members in Nursing Homes — United States, May 25–November 22, 2020
Rates of COVID-19 among nursing home residents and staff members increased during June and July 2020, reaching 11.5 cases per 1,000 resident-weeks in late July. After declines in August and September, rates increased again, reaching 23.2 cases per 1,000 resident-weeks in the week of November 22. Trends in reported COVID-19 cases among nursing home residents…
Participation in Fraternity and Sorority Activities and the Spread of COVID-19 Among Residential University Communities — Arkansas, August 21–September 5, 2020
Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 increased rapidly at an Arkansas university within two weeks of the start of the 2020-2021 academic year, likely facilitated by on- and off-campus congregate living settings and activities. Just 5% of the 965 people with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 at the university attended classes in person, and less than 1% of the positive cases…
January 7, 2021
Comparison of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests and Fatalities in the Metro Detroit Area During the COVID-19 Pandemic With Previous-Year Events
The Michigan emergency medical services (EMS) Information System identified 1,854 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) calls between March to May 2020, a 60% increase from the same period in 2019. Though the spike in OHCAs closely mirror the COVID-19 epidemic curve with a slight lag, it is not clear from these data whether COVID-19 infections directly…
Continued Need for Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions after COVID-19 Vaccination in Long-Term-Care Facilities
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] In a model parametrized to long-term care facility populations, high vaccination coverage among staff combined with strong adherence to nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) produced the least morbidity and mortality, even among unvaccinated residents. However, in scenarios where adherence to NPIs was waning or low, vaccination among residents had a stronger impact on…
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Children’s Conduct Problems and Callous-Unemotional Traits
A study of 303 parent-child pairs in the US found that parental impacts from COVID-19 (e.g. knowing someone who tested positive or died from COVID-19, reporting loss of job or income) and worry about COVID-19 did not correlate with parenting practices characterized as harsh or warm. In contrast, COVID-19-related parental worries were associated with higher…
Association of Mental Disorders with SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Severe Health Outcomes: Nationwide Cohort Study
In a cohort study in Korea matched on age, gender and a co-morbidity index, there was no association between mental disorders and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among COVID-19 patients, those with mental disorders (n=24,558) had a 2-fold risk of death compared to those without mental disorders (n=97,966). In a subgroup analysis, individuals with schizophrenia-related disorders had a…
Compress the Curve: A Cross-Sectional Study of Variations in COVID-19 Infections across California Nursing Homes
Among 713 nursing homes in California, the size of outbreaks in for-profit nursing homes was 12.7 times larger than their non-profit counterparts. Nursing homes with higher ratings on Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) health inspections were associated with a lower number of infections among both staff and residents, while higher self-reported ratings were…
Outcomes of COVID-19 in Hospitalized Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Compared to a Matched Cohort of Non-Transplant Patients at a National Healthcare System in the United States
Solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with COVID-19 were more likely to experience adverse outcomes than matched non-SOT recipients in a cohort study conducted between March and September 2020. SOT recipients (n=128) were 1.9 times more likely to die within the study period compared to non-SOT patients (n=3,907). SOT recipients were also more than twice as…
Insight into the Reason of Prolonged Viral RNA Shedding in Patients with COVID-19 Infection
A cohort study (n=681) in Italy found that older age was independently associated with prolonged viral shedding. Patients who first had two consecutive negative nasopharyngeal swabs 1-2 days apart within <3 weeks, 3-6 weeks, and >6 weeks, had a mean age of 50.5 years, 57 years, and 65.8 years, respectively (p<0.05). Bongiovanni et al. (Jan…
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