Article Summary
December 4, 2020
Balancing Revenue Generation with Capacity Generation: Case Distribution, Financial Impact and Hospital Capacity Changes from Cancelling or Resuming Elective Surgeries in the US during COVID-19
A retrospective cohort analysis of elective surgical case distribution, hospital revenue, and ICU bed capacity during COVID-19 found that in a scenario with 5% infection prevalence, cancelling elective procedures decreased ICU overcapacity from 160 to 130%, but such elective surgical cases contribute 78% (1.1 trillion dollars) to inpatient hospital plus outpatient surgical gross revenue per…
Characteristics of Adults Aged 18–49 Years without Underlying Conditions Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 in the United States, COVID-NET — March–August 2020
Analysis of data from a large, geographically diverse surveillance network of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 hospitalizations in the US from March-August found that more than 1 in 5 adults (22%) ages 18-49 (n = 513) without underlying conditions who were hospitalized with COVID-19 experienced severe illness requiring ICU-level care. Additionally, 17% required invasive or noninvasive respiratory support,…
Metformin and Risk of Mortality in Patients Hospitalised with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Metformin was associated with significantly reduced mortality among women with obesity or type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized with COVID-19, according to a retrospective cohort analysis using de-identified claims data (HR=0.79, 95%CI 0.65–0.95). Metformin use was not associated with a reduction in mortality among men in the study. Bramante et al. (Dec 3, 2020). Metformin…
Patient Outcomes after Hospitalisation with COVID-19 and Implications for Follow-up: Results from a Prospective UK Cohort
A study evaluating patients in the UK (median age 60 years) who had been hospitalized with COVID-19 8-12 weeks after their admission found that most (74%) had persistent symptoms such as breathlessness (39%) and fatigue (39%), and experienced limitations in physical ability. Sixteen (59%) patients in the mild COVID-19 group reported ongoing symptoms compared with…
Durability of Responses after SARS-CoV-2 MRNA-1273 Vaccination
Immunogenicity data from 24 participants obtained at 119 days after initial vaccination (90 days after second vaccination) with the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Moderna) indicated that the vaccine produced high levels of binding and neutralizing antibodies that declined slightly over time, but remained elevated in all participants 3 months after the booster vaccination. Serum neutralizing antibodies…
COVID-19 Investigational Treatments in Use among Hospitalized Patients Identified through the U.S. Coronavirus Disease 2019 -Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network, March 1–June 30, 2020
Data analyzed from the COVID-19-Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) indicate that among hospitalized individuals in the US with COVID-19 and with available data from March 1–June 30, 43% of received at least one COVID-19 investigational treatment. Hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and remdesivir were used frequently; however, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin use declined over time, while use of remdesivir…
Identification of Presymptomatic and Asymptomatic Cases Using Cohort-Based Testing Approaches at a Large Correctional Facility – Chicago, Illinois, USA, May 2020
Cohort-based SARS-CoV-2 testing among detained persons in a Chicago jail who had been exposed to individuals with laboratory-confirmed infection found that the approach identified infected individuals who would not have be detected by symptom screening, with more than half of newly-identified cases either presymptomatic or asymptomatic. Two testing strategies were evaluated, the first involved serial…
Economic Stressors and the Enactment of CDC-Recommended COVID-19 Prevention Behaviors: The Impact of State-Level Context
People experiencing job and financial insecurity were found to be less likely to enact CDC-recommended guidelines such as physical distancing, hand washing, and limiting nonessential trips from home in a study modeling data from currently employed US workers (n = 745) from 43 states. The inverse relationship between job insecurity and compliance with the CDC…
COVID-19 Lockdown Induces Disease-Mitigating Structural Changes in Mobility Networks
An analysis of the impacts of lockdowns in Germany indicated that reductions in long-distance travel resulted in loss of connectivity between different regions of the country, leading to more locally clustered contact networks and potentially slowing the spatial spread of COVID-19. Using movement data from mobile phones, the authors found that mobility did not decrease…
December 3, 2020
Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Mortality across Michigan United States
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Examining individual level-death certificate and surveillance data in Michigan from March to October 2020 shows that among 6,056 COVID-19 related deaths, Black individuals experienced 3.6-times the mortality rate compared to white individuals. Among those under 65 years old without comorbidities, Black individuals had a mortality rate 12.6-times that of white individuals….
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