Article Summary
November 23, 2020
Evidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Reinfection After Recovery from Mild Coronavirus Disease 2019
Genetic sequencing among 6 patients who retested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via rRT-PCR after recovery from initial infection identified one reinfection with a subtype of SARS-CoV-2 strain in the spike protein D614G substitution, that was genetically distinct from the initial infection. The positive test with the new strain occurred 26 days after the initial positive test…
Physical Interventions to Interrupt or Reduce the Spread of Respiratory Viruses
A meta-analysis with 67 pre-COVID-19 trials reported no significant reduction in respiratory viral infection with the use of medical/surgical masks during influenza season (9 trials; 3507 participants), and no clear differences between the use of medical/surgical masks versus N95/P2 respirators in healthcare workers (5 trials; 8407 participants). Hand hygiene was associated with an 11% relative…
November 20, 2020
Assessment of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among healthcare workers in Los Angeles
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] A majority of healthcare workers expressed concerns about receiving a COVID-19 vaccine, and non-physician healthcare workers reported a greater desire to delay receiving a COVID-19 vaccine compared to physicians. In a cross-sectional survey of healthcare workers enrolled in a longitudinal cohort study investigating the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection (n = 1,093),…
Clinical Outcomes Of A COVID-19 Vaccine: Implementation Over Efficacy
A mathematical model used to estimate the population benefits of a vaccine against COVID-19 finds that factors related to implementation will contribute more to the success of vaccination programs than a vaccine’s efficacy as determined in clinical trials. The model suggests the benefits of a vaccine will decline substantially in the event of manufacturing or…
Delirium in Older Patients With COVID-19 Presenting to the Emergency Department
Delirium is a common symptom in older adults diagnosed with COVID-19 in the emergency department (ED). In this cohort study of 817 older ED patients with COVID-19, 28% had delirium at presentation, and delirium was the sixth most common of all presenting symptoms and signs. Among delirious patients, 16% presented with delirium as a primary…
Temporal Associations between Community Incidence of COVID-19 and Nursing Home Outbreaks in Ontario, Canada
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] In a population-based cohort study of all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Province of Ontario, Canada (population >14-million) between March 1, 2020 and July 16, the average lag time between community cases and nursing home outbreaks was 23 days, with substantial variability across geographic regions ranging from 11 to 43 days….
Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women With and Without Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy was not associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in a cohort of women in Texas. At a large county medical center, adverse pregnancy outcomes were similar in 252 SARS-CoV-2–positive and 3,122 negative pregnant women tested in outpatient and inpatient settings. Neonatal infection occurred in 3% of infants, predominantly among infants born to…
Efficacy and Safety of Favipiravir, an Oral RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitor, in Mild-to-Moderate COVID-19: A Randomized, Comparative, Open-Label, Multicenter, Phase 3 Clinical Trial
In a randomized, multicenter, open-label, parallel-arm, Phase 3 trial of adults in India with non-severe COVID-19 (including asymptomatic patients), those who received the antiviral drug favipavir within seven days of symptoms onset had faster clinical recovery compared to placebo. Median time to clinical cure was 3 days (95%CI: 3-4 days) in those who received oral…
Multi-center nationwide comparison of seven serology assays reveals a SARS-CoV-2 non-responding seronegative subpopulation
Significant performance differences were observed in commercially available serologic assays for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. In a multi-center clinical and analytical validation of seven commercially available automated serology assays, samples from 2391 SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals and 698 SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients (collected between March and May 2020) were analyzed. Significant performance differences were observed with major…
Kinetics and seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in children
Changes in the concentration of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 over time in children were found to be similar to adults. In a prospective multicenter cohort study of antibody responses in 849 children, antibody titers in children exposed to SARS-CoV-2 remain at a detectable level for at least 62 days, with the mean titer increasing over time….
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