Article Summary
July 29, 2020
Understanding the Patterns of Repeated Testing for COVID-19 Association with Patient Characteristics and Outcomes
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Among 15,920 individuals presenting to Michigan Medicine for COVID-19 testing between March 10 and June 4, 2020, most (85%) only tested once and never tested positive (93%). A subset of 15% underwent multiple tests (average 2.6 tests per person). Non-Hispanic Black people were more likely to have additional testing than non-Hispanic white people (OR=1.21). Women were less likely than men to have additional testing (OR=0.86). Among 1,167…
Prevalence of Mask Wearing in Northern Vermont in Response to SARS-CoV-2
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] During a 2-week period of business re–opening in mid-May following an extended statewide lockdown in Chittenden County, Vermont, observed face mask use at eight different business types was 76% overall, with higher mask use among females compared to males (84% vs. 68%). Older people (>60 years old) were most likely to wear a mask (91%) and children…
Comparison of Face-Touching Behaviors Before and During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Face mask-wearing and face-touching behaviors in the general population were analyzed using videos recorded in public areas in several countries before the COVID-19 pandemic (January 2018 to October 2019, n=4,699 individuals) and during the pandemic (February 2020 to March 2020, n=2,887 individuals). A significant increase in mask wearing was observed at locations in mainland China…
Association Between Statewide School Closure and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality in the US
Auger, et al. conducted a time series analysis for all 50 US states and found that school closures were temporally associated with declines in COVID-19 incidence (adjusted relative change per week, -62% [95% CI, -71% to -49%]) and mortality (adjusted relative change per week, -58% [95% CI, -68% to -46%]) during March 9-May 7, 2020. States in the lowest quartile of COVID-19 cumulative incidence at the time of school closure had the largest relative change in incidence…
July 28, 2020
Characteristics and Strength of Evidence of COVID-19 Studies Registered on ClinicalTrials.Gov
An assessment of COVID-19-related studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov found that only 29% would have the potential to result in the highest level of individual study evidence (Oxford Centre for Evidence [OCEBM] level 2). Pundi et al. report on COVID-19–related studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as of May 19, 2020, excluding withdrawn, suspended, terminated, or expanded-access studies (n=1,551 studies, 911 interventional). Primary outcome pertained to…
Using Social Contact Data to Predict and Compare the Impact of Social Distancing Policies with Implications for School Re-Opening
[pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Using UK social contact data collected in 2010 and Google mobility report data pre- and post-lockdown, Brooks-Pollock et al. estimated an age-adjusted R0 for COVID-19 and relative change in R0 in scenarios including school closures, work closures, and contact tracing. They found that a 65% reduction in work contacts, a 75% reduction in leisure contacts, and a 95% reduction in school contacts reduces R0 to…
Sleep of Preschoolers during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Outbreak
Results of a Children’s Sleep Habit Questionnaire administered to 1,619 caregivers of preschoolers (4-6 years) in China during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with a sociodemographically similar sample in 2018, found later bedtimes and wake times during the pandemic period, longer nocturnal and shorter nap sleep durations, comparable 24-hr sleep duration, and fewer caregiver-reported sleep disturbances. Liu et al….
Evolution of Viral Quasispecies during SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Jary et al report on the genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in longitudinal samples (n=7) collected from a single patient in Paris with mild symptoms early in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Majority consensus sequences were identical in five out of seven samples, differing from the Wuhan reference sequence by one synonymous mutation. Over two hundred minority variants were detected (median of 38 per sample), with four variants shared by…
Smell Loss Is a Prognostic Factor for Lower Severity of COVID-19
A study of 949 adult patients testing positive for COVID-19 at a university medical center (February 1 to April 3) found that 21% reported loss of smell during their initial evaluation. Loss of smell was associated with younger age (mean age 46 with smell loss vs 49 without), female gender (65% vs 53%), and higher BMI (mean 33.6 vs 31.5)….
Clinical Characteristics of Children With COVID-19: A Meta-Analysis
A meta-analysis (14 studies and 371 patients) of COVID-19 in children found that 17% (95% CI 9-27) are asymptomatic (fever is the most common symptom), 67% (95%CI 51-81) were diagnosed with pneumonia, and incidence of severe or critical illness is close to 0% (95% CI 0-1). Of those diagnosed with pneumonia, 54% (95%CI 38-69) had ground-glass opacities detected on CT scan. An additional 19% were…
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