Article Summary
June 8, 2020
Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin M and G Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in China
Seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was 4% among healthcare workers and 3% among their families in the city of Wuhan, China between March 9 and April 10. In other cities in Hubei province, seropositivity was lower in cities that were further from Wuhan. While seropositivity was highest for IgG, some individuals were positive only for IgM, underscoring that testing for both antibody types may be necessary in seroprevalence studies. Xu et al. (June 5,…
COVID-19 and Non-Traditional Mask Use: How Do Various Materials Compare in Reducing the Infection Risk for Mask Wearers?
Wilson et al. found that mask use reduced mean infection risk by 44-99% for short exposures and 24-94% for long exposures using a probabilistic model with exposure scenarios that represented a healthcare setting. Of non-traditional materials that could be used for masks, vacuum cleaner bags were the most effective, and scarves were the least effective. Wilson et al. (June 2,…
Impact of Social Distancing during COVID-19 Pandemic on Crime in Los Angeles and Indianapolis
After stay-at-home orders were implemented, police calls-for-service for burglary and robbery decreased in Los Angeles, CA and calls for domestic violence and vehicle theft increased. A similar pattern was observed in Indianapolis, IN for robbery and domestic violence calls. Traffic stops were also markedly decreased in both cities. Mohler et al. (May 2020). Impact of Social Distancing during COVID-19 Pandemic on Crime in Los Angeles and Indianapolis….
June 5, 2020
Depression, Anxiety, Stress Levels of Physicians and Associated Factors in Covid-19 Pandemics
Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were common among healthcare workers responding to an online survey. High depression and anxiety scores were associated with being female, young, and single; having less work experience, doing frontline work, and increased weekly working hours. Having a child was associated with lower scores. Elbay et al. (May 27, 2020). Depression, Anxiety, Stress…
Association of Noninvasive Oxygenation Strategies With All-Cause Mortality in Adults With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure
A meta-analysis of randomized trials found that among patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, treatment with helmet or facemask non–invasive ventilation was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and intubation compared to standard oxygen therapy alone. Ferreyro et al. (June 4, 2020). Association of Noninvasive Oxygenation Strategies With All-Cause Mortality in Adults With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure. JAMA. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.9524
Correlation Between N95 Extended Use and Reuse and Fit Failure in an Emergency Department
Over one third of healthcare workers who had been fit tested for an N95 respirator in the last 1-2 years failed repeat fit testing. Increased number of shifts worn, increased donnings/doffings, and increased hours worn were all associated with a greater likelihood of fit test failure. Degesys et al. (June 4, 2020). Correlation Between N95 Extended Use and Reuse and Fit Failure in an Emergency Department. JAMA. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.9843
Admissions to Veterans Affairs Hospitals for Emergency Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Among a pre-established cohort, the number of patients admitted to Veterans Affairs (VA) inpatient facilities for 6 common emergency conditions declined 41% between March 11 and April 21, 2020 compared with the previous 6 weeks, with no similar decline in 2019. The authors conclude that a decrease of this size likely reflects avoidance of hospitals rather than decreased incidence due to declines…
Prevalence of COVID-19 in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Implications for Bystander CPR
Out of 537 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests in Seattle and King County from February 26-April 15, 2020, COVID-19 (laboratory-confirmed or COVID-19 like illness) was diagnosed in 5% of cases that occurred in homes, 11% of cases that occurred in nursing homes, and in no cases that occurred in public places. The authors conclude that delaying bystander CPR to put on PPE should only be considered if prevalence of COVID-19 is…
A Follow-up Study of Recovered Patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China
Thirteen out of 1,673 recovered COVID-19 patients under mandatory 2–week quarantine in Wuhan, China were reported to relapse, characterized by mild symptoms, positive PCR results, and chest CT results consistent with COVID-19. All were hospitalized, but none were admitted to the ICU. The remaining 1,660 did not have COVID-19 symptoms and no lung lesions on CT, but it is not clear if…
Neutralizing Antibodies Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 Inpatients and Convalescent Patients
Among 70 COVID-19 patients and patients who had recovered, all had detectable neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies by 20 days of symptom onset. The study found that neutralizing antibodies were detected in COVID-19 patients even in the early stages of the disease. Older patients and those with more severe symptoms had higher levels of antibodies. Wang et al. (June 4, 2020). Neutralizing Antibodies Responses to SARS-CoV-2…
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