COVID-19 Literature Situation Report
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report is a daily (M-F) newsletter that provides a succinct summary of the latest scientific literature related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The scientific literature on COVID-19 is rapidly evolving and these articles were selected for review based on their relevance to Washington State decision making around COVID-19 response efforts. Included in these Lit Reps are some manuscripts that have been made available online as pre-prints but have not yet undergone peer review. Please be aware of this when reviewing articles included in the Lit Reps.
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May 3, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report May 3, 2021
The Johnson & Johnson/Janssen vaccine showed a real-world effectiveness of 76.7% in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection at least two weeks after vaccination among patients in the Mayo Clinic Health system, according to an analysis of data between February 27th and April 14th, 2021.
April 30, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 30, 2021
Patients with severe COVID-19 who received the anti-inflammatory medication tocilizumab were more likely to be discharged from the hospital (57% vs. 50%) and less likely to die (31% vs. 35%) in a randomized trial.
April 29, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 29, 2021
SARS-CoV-2 secondary attack rates were 6% in households were the index case received either the Oxford-AstraZeneca or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines prior to infection compared to 10% in households with unvaccinated index cases. Contacts of vaccinated index cases had 38-49% lower odds of infection compared to matched contacts of unvaccinated index cases. Only 7% of the index cases had received two vaccine doses by the time of their infection.
April 28, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 28, 2021
Among adults age 65 and older, the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna vaccines were 94% effective against hospitalization for COVID-19 among fully vaccinated individuals, and 64% effective among partially-vaccinated individuals, according to data from US hospitals during January-March 2021.
April 27, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 27, 2021
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) reaffirmed its interim recommendation for use of the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine in all persons aged ≥18 years on April 23, 2021, with the addition of a warning that rare clotting events may occur in female vaccine recipients aged 18-49 years. A risk-benefit analysis that guided ACIP recommendations suggested that for every 1 million doses administered to women aged 18-49 years, 297 COVID-19-related hospitalizations, 56 ICU admissions, and 6 deaths could be prevented, compared with 7 expected cases of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia.
April 26, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 26, 2021
The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine showed 70% effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection 21 days after the first dose and 85% seven days after the second dose among hospital staff in the UK.
April 23, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 23, 2021
A large, retrospective cohort analysis of patients enrolled in a Houston healthcare network (N=91,134) found that vaccination with 2 doses of either the Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna vaccine reduced the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization by 96% and COVID-19 associated deaths by 99%. Additionally, the study found that persons with partial immunization, defined as 2-weeks following the 1st dose through 7 days following the 2nd dose, had a 77% lower risk of hospitalization and a 64% lower risk of death.
April 22, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 22, 2021
2 SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (infection ≥14 days after the second vaccine dose) were detected in a cohort of 417 university employees in New York City. Both were previously healthy without known risk factors. Viral genome sequencing revealed variants of likely clinical importance.
April 21, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 21, 2021
Twenty-two possible breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infections (infection ≥14 days after the second vaccine dose) were identified among skilled nursing facility staff and residents in the Chicago area. Most infections were asymptomatic. Two vaccinated residents were hospitalized, one resident died due to multiple concurrent infections, and no facility-associated secondary transmission occurred.
April 20, 2021
COVID-19 Literature Situation Report April 20, 2021
In Brazil, younger patients without pre-existing conditions accounted for a larger proportion of severe COVID-19 cases leading to death in the second wave of cases (February 2021) compared to the first wave (November-December 2020). The second wave was predominated by the P.1 variant.
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