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Tag: disparities
February 17, 2021
Characteristics and Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization, and Mortality Across Race and Ethnicity
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A retrospective cohort study of 570,298 patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 with known race/ethnicity, found that people from racial/ethnic minority groups represented 50% of infections but only 18% of total tests. The data were drawn from a large health system spanning California, Oregon, and Washington between March 1 and December 31, 2020. People…
February 16, 2021
Screening of SARS-CoV-2 among Homeless People, Asylum-Seekers and Other People Living in Precarious Conditions in Marseille, France, March–April 2020
In a cross-sectional survey of homeless shelters in France from March to April 2020 (n=698), 49 people (7%) overall tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Although positivity correlated with symptoms, over half of positive patients reported being asymptomatic. Young age (18-34 years, OR=3.8) and being housed in one specific shelter (OR=9.1) were associated with higher SARS-CoV-2 positivity….
February 13, 2021
COVID-19 Pandemic Among Immigrant Latinx Farmworker and Non-Farmworker Families: A Rural-Urban Comparison of Economic, Educational, Healthcare, and Immigration Concerns
Analysis of data gathered during a telephone survey of Latinx families conducted in May 2020 suggested that urban families are experiencing more acute economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and are facing more overt racism compared to rural families. Rural workers reported fewer workplace protective measures to prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission, in spite of industries like…
February 10, 2021
Understanding Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Community
Findings from focus groups conducted in July and August, 2020 among Black barbershop and salon owners (n=24) living in areas of higher COVID-19 prevalence showed that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was high due to mistrust in the medical establishment, concerns regarding the speed of vaccine development, a perception of lack of data on side effects, fear…
Disparities in SARS-CoV-2 Testing in Massachusetts During the COVID-19 Pandemic
A cohort study of SARS-CoV-2 testing intensity (defined as number of weekly tests per 100,000 people) and epidemic intensity (defined as weekly test positivity) in Massachusetts from May 27 to October 14, 2020 showed that testing resources were disproportionately allocated to more affluent communities. In a multivariable model, the relative testing gap increased by 9%…
February 9, 2021
Racial Disparities in COVID-19 Testing and Outcomes
Race was the strongest predictor of having a positive SARS-CoV-2 test in a retrospective cohort of 91,212 adults undergoing testing for SARS-CoV-2. In a multivariate model that incorporated age, sex, neighborhood deprivation index and race, race had the biggest contribution (80%) to the likelihood of infection. While adjusted testing rates among non-white persons were marginally…
February 5, 2021
Sexual Orientation Disparities in Risk Factors for Adverse COVID-19-Related Outcomes, by Race/Ethnicity – Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2017-2019
Several underlying health conditions associated with risk for developing more severe COVID-19–related illness were more prevalent among sexual minority persons, according to data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The presence of greater numbers of risk factors were observed when compared to heterosexual individuals, both within the overall population and specific racial/ethnic groups….
February 1, 2021
Mapping a Pandemic SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity in the United States
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Between May and July 2020, there were an estimated 4.8 undiagnosed cases of COVID-19 for every case diagnosed in the United States, and an estimated 16.8 million undiagnosed cases by mid-July, based on findings from a serostudy conducted among adults (n = 11,3182) who had not been diagnosed with COVID-19. Undiagnosed seropositivity…
Demographic Characteristics of Persons Vaccinated During the First Month of the COVID-19 Vaccination Program — United States, December 14, 2020–January 14, 2021
During the first month of the US COVID-19 vaccination program (December 14, 2020-January 14, 2021) nearly 13 million people received at least one dose of the vaccine. Race/ethnicity was unknown or not reported for 6,222,052 (48.1%) persons initiating vaccination. Among individuals for whom demographic data were available, 63% were women, and 60% were non-Hispanic white,…
January 28, 2021
Impact of Race and Socioeconomic Status on Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19
A retrospective study of adults hospitalized for COVID-19 in Michigan (n=2038) found that patients from neighborhoods with median income in the lowest vs. highest quartile were more likely to require invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (25% vs 16%) and ICU admission (35% vs 20%). The median income of neighborhoods of Black patients was lower than neighborhoods…
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