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Tag: disparities
January 11, 2021
Using Lorenz Curves to Measure Racial Inequities in COVID-19 Testing
A cross-sectional study using modified Lorenz curves to assess disparities in COVID-19 testing relative to disease burden found that in the St. Louis region, 89,341 SARS-CoV-2 tests (22.9%) were conducted in the 23 zip codes accounting for 50% of hospitalizations; 17 of these zip codes had a population where >50% of residents were Black. In…
December 28, 2020
How the COVID-19 pandemic affects transgender health care in upper-middle-income and high-income countries – A worldwide, cross-sectional survey
[pre-print; not peer-reviewed] In a cross-sectional survey administered to 5,267 transgender people in 63 higher-middle income and high-income countries, over 50% of the participants had risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection and were at a high risk of avoiding testing or treatment for a COVID-19 infection due to the fear of mistreatment or discrimination. Nearly…
December 18, 2020
Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement
Inpatients who identify as Black who were receiving supplemental oxygen had nearly three times the frequency of occult hypoxemia that was not detected by pulse oximetry when compared to white patients in a two separate cohorts. In a cohort from the University of Michigan, among the patients who had an oxygen saturation of 92 to…
December 17, 2020
Health Center Testing for SARS-CoV-2 During the COVID-19 Pandemic — United States, June 5–October 2, 2020
Patient data from Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)-funded health centers found higher testing rates among members of racial/ethnic minority groups, indicating a degree of success in the health centers’ capacity to reach minority groups at increased risk for COVID-19. Among persons with known race/ethnicity who received testing (n=2,506,935), 36% were Hispanic/Latino, 38% were white,…
December 15, 2020
Understanding Drivers of COVID-19 Racial Disparities: A Population-Level Analysis of COVID-19 Testing among Black and White Populations
Missouri Department of Health data show that Black populations in the St. Louis and Kansas City regions had lower COVID-19 testing rates per diagnosed cases compared to white populations consistently throughout the pandemic. During March to June 2020, zip codes in the lowest quartile of testing rates, which had higher proportions of Black, uninsured, and…
December 10, 2020
Ethno-Cultural Disparities in Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Impact of Exposure to the Virus and COVID-19-Related Discrimination and Stigma on Mental Health across Ethno-Cultural Groups in Quebec (Canada)
In an online survey of a culturally diverse sample of 3,273 adults in Quebec, mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic varied significantly based on socioeconomic status and ethno-cultural group. Compared to other socioeconomic and ethno-cultural groups, participants with lower incomes and Arab participants reported higher psychological distress. Black participants exposed to COVID-19 (personal diagnosis…
December 9, 2020
Neighbourhood-Level Racial/Ethnic and Economic Inequities in COVID-19 Burden Within Urban Areas in the US and Canada
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] Using publicly available neighborhood-level data on COVID-19 cases from 58 US urban counties and the two largest cities in Canada, Saha et al. reported a consistent finding that the most racially and/or economically privileged neighborhoods had the lowest rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths. No consistent trends were found for the relationship…
December 8, 2020
Association of Race, Ethnicity, and Community-Level Factors with COVID-19 Cases and Deaths across U.S. Counties
Among US counties, a 10% higher proportion of Black residents was associated with an increase of 324.7 COVID-19 cases and 14.5 COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 population. A 10% higher proportion of Latino residents was associated with an increase of 293.5 COVID-19 cases and 7.6 COVID-19 deaths per 100,000 population. After adjusting for other independent predictors…
December 7, 2020
Unraveling US National COVID-19 Racial Ethnic Disparities Using County Level Data Among 328 Million Americans
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An analysis of 9.8 million cases and 234,000 deaths from 2,990 US counties comprising 99.8% of the total US population through November 8th found that COVID-19 racial and ethnic health disparities were partially explained by previously reported social determinants of health and pre-existing comorbid conditions. After adjusting for these variables, significant unexplained…
Assessment of Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Hospitalization and Mortality in Patients With COVID-19 in New York City
A retrospective cohort study of 9722 patients tested for SARS-COV-2 in New York City found that Black and Hispanic patients were more likely than white patients to test positive (OR 1.3 and OR 1.5, respectively). Odds of hospitalization were similar for Black, Hispanic, and white individuals, but higher for Asian and multiracial individuals (OR 1.6…
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