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Tag: health care setting
December 15, 2020
Evaluating Intervention Strategies in Controlling COVID-19 Spread in Care Homes: An Agent-Based Model
Routine testing of staff in care homes was shown to be more effective than other infection control interventions, according to a transmission model parameterized to a care home setting in Scotland. Using isolation of symptomatic residents, testing of new admissions, social distancing, and restricted visiting as the reference intervention, the addition of routine testing of…
December 4, 2020
Negative Age Stereotypes Associated with Older Persons’ Rejection of COVID‐19 Hospitalization
Negative stereotypes about older age significantly predicted a rejection of hospitalization among older individuals who were sick with COVID-19, but not among younger people holding negative age stereotypes in a survey of individuals (n = 1590) from April to May 2020. The authors highlight the need for future research examining the extent to which the…
Positive Impact of Facility-Based Isolation of Mild COVID-19 Cases on Effectively Curbing the Pandemic: A Mathematical Modelling Study
A compartmental model simulating SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics projected that a facility-based isolation strategy with moderate capacity (5 beds per 10,000 total population) could avert 4.2 million new infections and 16,000 deaths in two months compared with home-based isolation, equivalent to relative reductions of 57% of new infections and 37% of deaths. Doubling bed capacity resulted in…
Balancing Revenue Generation with Capacity Generation: Case Distribution, Financial Impact and Hospital Capacity Changes from Cancelling or Resuming Elective Surgeries in the US during COVID-19
A retrospective cohort analysis of elective surgical case distribution, hospital revenue, and ICU bed capacity during COVID-19 found that in a scenario with 5% infection prevalence, cancelling elective procedures decreased ICU overcapacity from 160 to 130%, but such elective surgical cases contribute 78% (1.1 trillion dollars) to inpatient hospital plus outpatient surgical gross revenue per…
December 1, 2020
Second versus First Wave of COVID-19 Deaths Shifts in Age Distribution and in Nursing Home Fatalities
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] Among 11 countries, the age distribution of COVID-19 deaths was similar in the first and second waves. During the second wave, Western European countries and the US tended to have a larger share of deaths among individuals younger than 50 years old (<45 years old in the US). Among 9 countries…
November 30, 2020
Community Coronavirus Disease 2019 Activity Level and Nursing Home Staff Testing for Active Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Indiana
A study assessing the potential utility of COVID-19 community SARS-CoV-2 test positivity levels or incidence to inform testing strategies of nursing home staff in Indiana did not find a meaningful threshold to predict homes with SARS-CoV-2-positive staff. Using county-level metrics of cases per 10,000 population or positivity rates to predict detection of any infected staff…
Delayed Healthcare Seeking and Prolonged Illness in Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single-Centre Observational Study
A cross-sectional study at a London hospital found that some healthcare workers with severe symptoms of COVID-19 delayed seeking medical attention. Of 236 healthcare workers who reported symptoms consistent with COVID-19, the most common symptoms were cough (76%), fever (59%), breathlessness (36%), and loss of smell (42%). Five of nine respondents experiencing severe breathlessness and…
November 25, 2020
Decline in SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies After Mild Infection Among Frontline Health Care Personnel in a Multistate Hospital Network — 12 States, April–August 2020
Among 156 frontline health care personnel who had positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody test results in spring 2020, 146 (94%) experienced a decline in antibody concentrations at repeat testing approximately 60 days later. In addition, 28% had seroreverted (negative antibody test). Individuals with higher initial antibody responses were more likely to have antibodies detected at the follow-up…
November 23, 2020
Workers at Long-Term Care Facilities and Their Risk for Severe COVID-19 Illness
50% of long-term care workers (LTC) in the US are at increased risk of severe illness from COVID-19 due to age >65, obesity, or medical co-morbidities based on data from the 2017 and 2018 National Health Interview Surveys and risk categories developed by the CDC. Severe illness was defined as hospitalization, intubation, or death. A…
November 20, 2020
Temporal Associations between Community Incidence of COVID-19 and Nursing Home Outbreaks in Ontario, Canada
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] In a population-based cohort study of all laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Province of Ontario, Canada (population >14-million) between March 1, 2020 and July 16, the average lag time between community cases and nursing home outbreaks was 23 days, with substantial variability across geographic regions ranging from 11 to 43 days….
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