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Tag: non-pharm interventions
December 2, 2020
Differential Effects of Antiseptic Mouth Rinses on SARS-CoV-2 Infectivity in Vitro
[Preprint, not peer reviewed] Molecular experiments of several commercially available mouth rinses and antiseptics (Listerine, chlorhexidine gluconate, povidone-iodine, and Colgate Peroxy) found that all products inactivated replication of competent SARS-CoV-2 viruses and pseudotyped viruses expressing spike proteins. The prolonged effect of mouth rinse induced cytotoxicity may impact anti-viral activity. Xu et al. (Dec 1, 2020)….
Voluntary Adoption of Social Welfare-Enhancing Behavior: Mask-Wearing in Spain during the COVID-19 Outbreak
A nationally representative survey of 4000 citizens in Spain during early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic reported that 49% of respondents wore protective masks either occasionally or very frequently, 10% rarely wore a mask, and 41% never wore a mask. People who were young, had higher educational attainment, reported a lower concern about infection, and…
November 30, 2020
Which Policies Most Effectively Reduce SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Schools
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] An evaluation of policies to reduce in-school SARS-CoV-2 transmission in New York City public schools simulated that the greatest reductions in transmission could be achieved through infection control measures (mask wearing, physical distancing, good indoor ventilation, hand washing); further reductions could be achieved through small rotating class cohorts, widespread testing at the…
Quantifying Human Mobility Behaviour Changes during the COVID-19 Outbreak in the United States
A study assessing human mobility changes in the US from February to May indicated that government orders and the severity of local SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks significantly contributed to the strength of social distancing in the United States. The study used an integrated dataset of mobile device location data and constructed a Social Distancing Index to evaluate…
November 25, 2020
Reducing Travel-Related SARS-CoV-2 Transmission with Layered Mitigation Measures Symptom Monitoring Quarantine and Testing
[Pre-print; not peer-reviewed] A model built to assess the relative impact of symptom monitoring, testing, and quarantine practices on transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by infected travelers suggests that quarantining for 14 days almost eliminates risk of transmission. The effectiveness of testing depended on timing and quality of the test, with the combination of a pre-travel test…
November 24, 2020
Evaluating the Impact of Stay-at-Home Orders on the Time to Reach the Peak Burden of Covid-19 Cases and Deaths: Does Timing Matter?
Among countries and US states implementing stay-at-home mandates between April and May 2020, a longer period of time between the first reported case and implementation of mandates was associated with a longer time to reach peak daily case and death counts. For US states, each additional day between first case and mandate implementation predicted an…
Association of COVID-19 Misinformation with Face Mask Wearing and Social Distancing in a Nationally Representative US Sample
Behavior-specific beliefs about mask use and physical distancing were more predictive of actual protective behaviors related to COVID-19 than beliefs in misinformation (e.g., rumors about the origins of the viral outbreak). Findings were based on a two-wave nationally representative survey of US adults (T1 n=1,074; T2 n=889). Though belief in misinformation was negatively associated with…
November 23, 2020
Physical Interventions to Interrupt or Reduce the Spread of Respiratory Viruses
A meta-analysis with 67 pre-COVID-19 trials reported no significant reduction in respiratory viral infection with the use of medical/surgical masks during influenza season (9 trials; 3507 participants), and no clear differences between the use of medical/surgical masks versus N95/P2 respirators in healthcare workers (5 trials; 8407 participants). Hand hygiene was associated with an 11% relative…
November 20, 2020
COVID-19 Infection Control Measures in Long-Term Care Facility, Pennsylvania, USA
A combination of daily symptom tracking for staff, daily testing of staff, and twice-weekly testing of residents was associated with reduced incidence of COVID-19 in long term care facilities. Implementation of a surveillance program that conducted daily symptom screening questionnaires for all persons involved in daily activities at a Pennsylvania long term care facility in…
November 19, 2020
Predicting Spatial and Temporal Responses to Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19 Growth Rates across 58 Counties in New York State: A Prospective Event-Based Modeling Study on County-Level Sociological Predictors
Analysis of county-level predictors over 16 time points in New York State showed that as COVID-19 incidence peaked in March and declined through June 2020, areas with the highest infection growth rates shifted from the New York metropolitan areas toward the western and northern areas. Counties with higher proportions of people age 45+ years, people…
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