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Tag: non-pharm interventions
November 5, 2020
Neighbourhood Income and Physical Distancing during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States
A strong gradient between neighborhood-level income and physical distancing was observed from smartphone mobility data across the US in 210,288 census block groups from January to April 2020. Though there was an increase in proportion of smartphone users staying at home from all income levels around mid-March, the increase in number of days at home…
November 4, 2020
Avoiding versus Contracting COVID-19 On the Effectiveness of Social Distancing at the Level of the Individual
[Preprint, not peer-reviewed] A participant’s behavior during behavioral simulation of social distancing behaviors was associated with the risk of subsequently contracting COVID-19, whereas self-report of these behaviors was not. Results from a survey among 2,120 US residents determined that an individual’s performance in a simulator intended to assess physical positioning was associated with lower risk…
November 3, 2020
Cost–Benefit of Limited Isolation and Testing in COVID-19 Mitigation
A study using an agent-based disease transmission model examined the costs and benefits of replacing lockdowns with a one-step tracing and quarantine strategy. This strategy of closing workplaces when a case is identified, isolating social contacts of the case, and keeping symptomatic individuals in quarantine until symptoms resolve (estimated at 5 days) reduces transmission by…
November 2, 2020
Assessing the Risks of ‘Infodemics’ in Response to COVID-19 Epidemics
A study of Twitter messages from multiple countries early in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic identified a co-occuring “Infodemic”: the rapid and widespread dissemination of misinformation or content from unreliable sources. Analysis of more than 100 million tweets indicated that waves of misinformation preceded the rise of COVID-19 infections, but content quickly shifted towards more credible information…
Quantifying the Impact of Public Health Protection Measures on the Spread of SARS-CoV-2
A study from France modeling the effectiveness of public health measures to slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2 (aside from strict lockdown) found that mask mandates and restricting access to public places such as bars reduced the number of new cases per day by 75% and delayed a peak in infections by about 2 months. However,…
How Effective Is the Filtration of ‘KN95’ Filtering Facepiece Respirators During the COVID-19 Pandemic?
An investigation of filtration performance of different filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) found high disparities between FFRs purchased by healthcare establishments. NIOSH-approved certification offered good efficiency compared to non NIOSH-approved FFRs. Furthermore, inspecting FFRs visually was not helpful in determining if the product was counterfeit or had defects. Brochot et al. (Oct 30, 2020). How Effective…
October 30, 2020
The Risk of Indoor Sports and Culture Events for the Transmission of COVID-19 (Restart-19)
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] A study simulating a seated indoor mass gathering event (MGE) found that in scenarios where hygiene protocols and ventilation were good, 0 to 23% of subsequent cases of SARS-CoV-2 were attributable to the MGE. All participants in the simulation wore N95 masks, and three different hygiene protocols were evaluated, ranging from no…
Association of County-Wide Mask Ordinances with Reductions in Daily CoVID-19 Incident Case Growth in a Midwestern Region Over 12 Weeks
[Pre-print, not peer-reviewed] Missouri counties with mask mandates had a daily percent COVID-19 growth rate that was 32% lower than the growth rate in counties without mask mandates, based on a population-based quasi-experimental longitudinal study conducted from June to September. In the 3 weeks before mandatory mask mandates were instated, the average daily percent increase…
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation in Older Persons Wearing Nonmedical Face Masks in Community Settings
Wearing a 3-layer non-medical face mask was not associated with a decline in oxygen saturation among adults over 65 in a small (n=25) crossover study. Study participants were provided with a mask and pulse oximeter and were instructed to measure their peripheral oxygen saturation (Spo2) three times, twenty minutes apart for one hour before, one…
October 28, 2020
Effects of New York’s Executive Order on Face Mask Use on COVID-19 Infections and Mortality A Modeling Study
[Pre-print, not peer reviewed] According to estimates from a modeling study, the Executive Order issued by New York State mandating mask use reduced the number of COVID-19 infections by 99,517 (95% CIs: 72,723-126,312) and COVID-related deaths by 7,978 (5,692-10,265). If the Executive Order were implemented earlier, greater numbers of infections and deaths would have been…
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